ARM: amba: Make driver_override output consistent with other buses
[linux/fpc-iii.git] / arch / powerpc / lib / code-patching.c
blobe0d881ab304e97482721c3e307ec0232c7a9fbb3
1 /*
2 * Copyright 2008 Michael Ellerman, IBM Corporation.
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
6 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
7 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8 */
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
12 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/mm.h>
15 #include <linux/cpuhotplug.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
18 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
20 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
21 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
22 #include <asm/page.h>
23 #include <asm/code-patching.h>
24 #include <asm/setup.h>
26 static int __patch_instruction(unsigned int *exec_addr, unsigned int instr,
27 unsigned int *patch_addr)
29 int err;
31 __put_user_size(instr, patch_addr, 4, err);
32 if (err)
33 return err;
35 asm ("dcbst 0, %0; sync; icbi 0,%1; sync; isync" :: "r" (patch_addr),
36 "r" (exec_addr));
38 return 0;
41 int raw_patch_instruction(unsigned int *addr, unsigned int instr)
43 return __patch_instruction(addr, instr, addr);
46 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
47 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vm_struct *, text_poke_area);
49 static int text_area_cpu_up(unsigned int cpu)
51 struct vm_struct *area;
53 area = get_vm_area(PAGE_SIZE, VM_ALLOC);
54 if (!area) {
55 WARN_ONCE(1, "Failed to create text area for cpu %d\n",
56 cpu);
57 return -1;
59 this_cpu_write(text_poke_area, area);
61 return 0;
64 static int text_area_cpu_down(unsigned int cpu)
66 free_vm_area(this_cpu_read(text_poke_area));
67 return 0;
71 * Run as a late init call. This allows all the boot time patching to be done
72 * simply by patching the code, and then we're called here prior to
73 * mark_rodata_ro(), which happens after all init calls are run. Although
74 * BUG_ON() is rude, in this case it should only happen if ENOMEM, and we judge
75 * it as being preferable to a kernel that will crash later when someone tries
76 * to use patch_instruction().
78 static int __init setup_text_poke_area(void)
80 BUG_ON(!cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN,
81 "powerpc/text_poke:online", text_area_cpu_up,
82 text_area_cpu_down));
84 return 0;
86 late_initcall(setup_text_poke_area);
89 * This can be called for kernel text or a module.
91 static int map_patch_area(void *addr, unsigned long text_poke_addr)
93 unsigned long pfn;
94 int err;
96 if (is_vmalloc_addr(addr))
97 pfn = vmalloc_to_pfn(addr);
98 else
99 pfn = __pa_symbol(addr) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
101 err = map_kernel_page(text_poke_addr, (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT),
102 pgprot_val(PAGE_KERNEL));
104 pr_devel("Mapped addr %lx with pfn %lx:%d\n", text_poke_addr, pfn, err);
105 if (err)
106 return -1;
108 return 0;
111 static inline int unmap_patch_area(unsigned long addr)
113 pte_t *ptep;
114 pmd_t *pmdp;
115 pud_t *pudp;
116 pgd_t *pgdp;
118 pgdp = pgd_offset_k(addr);
119 if (unlikely(!pgdp))
120 return -EINVAL;
122 pudp = pud_offset(pgdp, addr);
123 if (unlikely(!pudp))
124 return -EINVAL;
126 pmdp = pmd_offset(pudp, addr);
127 if (unlikely(!pmdp))
128 return -EINVAL;
130 ptep = pte_offset_kernel(pmdp, addr);
131 if (unlikely(!ptep))
132 return -EINVAL;
134 pr_devel("clearing mm %p, pte %p, addr %lx\n", &init_mm, ptep, addr);
137 * In hash, pte_clear flushes the tlb, in radix, we have to
139 pte_clear(&init_mm, addr, ptep);
140 flush_tlb_kernel_range(addr, addr + PAGE_SIZE);
142 return 0;
145 int patch_instruction(unsigned int *addr, unsigned int instr)
147 int err;
148 unsigned int *patch_addr = NULL;
149 unsigned long flags;
150 unsigned long text_poke_addr;
151 unsigned long kaddr = (unsigned long)addr;
154 * During early early boot patch_instruction is called
155 * when text_poke_area is not ready, but we still need
156 * to allow patching. We just do the plain old patching
158 if (!this_cpu_read(text_poke_area))
159 return raw_patch_instruction(addr, instr);
161 local_irq_save(flags);
163 text_poke_addr = (unsigned long)__this_cpu_read(text_poke_area)->addr;
164 if (map_patch_area(addr, text_poke_addr)) {
165 err = -1;
166 goto out;
169 patch_addr = (unsigned int *)(text_poke_addr) +
170 ((kaddr & ~PAGE_MASK) / sizeof(unsigned int));
172 __patch_instruction(addr, instr, patch_addr);
174 err = unmap_patch_area(text_poke_addr);
175 if (err)
176 pr_warn("failed to unmap %lx\n", text_poke_addr);
178 out:
179 local_irq_restore(flags);
181 return err;
183 #else /* !CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX */
185 int patch_instruction(unsigned int *addr, unsigned int instr)
187 return raw_patch_instruction(addr, instr);
190 #endif /* CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX */
191 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(patch_instruction);
193 int patch_branch(unsigned int *addr, unsigned long target, int flags)
195 return patch_instruction(addr, create_branch(addr, target, flags));
198 bool is_offset_in_branch_range(long offset)
201 * Powerpc branch instruction is :
203 * 0 6 30 31
204 * +---------+----------------+---+---+
205 * | opcode | LI |AA |LK |
206 * +---------+----------------+---+---+
207 * Where AA = 0 and LK = 0
209 * LI is a signed 24 bits integer. The real branch offset is computed
210 * by: imm32 = SignExtend(LI:'0b00', 32);
212 * So the maximum forward branch should be:
213 * (0x007fffff << 2) = 0x01fffffc = 0x1fffffc
214 * The maximum backward branch should be:
215 * (0xff800000 << 2) = 0xfe000000 = -0x2000000
217 return (offset >= -0x2000000 && offset <= 0x1fffffc && !(offset & 0x3));
221 * Helper to check if a given instruction is a conditional branch
222 * Derived from the conditional checks in analyse_instr()
224 bool is_conditional_branch(unsigned int instr)
226 unsigned int opcode = instr >> 26;
228 if (opcode == 16) /* bc, bca, bcl, bcla */
229 return true;
230 if (opcode == 19) {
231 switch ((instr >> 1) & 0x3ff) {
232 case 16: /* bclr, bclrl */
233 case 528: /* bcctr, bcctrl */
234 case 560: /* bctar, bctarl */
235 return true;
238 return false;
240 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(is_conditional_branch);
242 unsigned int create_branch(const unsigned int *addr,
243 unsigned long target, int flags)
245 unsigned int instruction;
246 long offset;
248 offset = target;
249 if (! (flags & BRANCH_ABSOLUTE))
250 offset = offset - (unsigned long)addr;
252 /* Check we can represent the target in the instruction format */
253 if (!is_offset_in_branch_range(offset))
254 return 0;
256 /* Mask out the flags and target, so they don't step on each other. */
257 instruction = 0x48000000 | (flags & 0x3) | (offset & 0x03FFFFFC);
259 return instruction;
262 unsigned int create_cond_branch(const unsigned int *addr,
263 unsigned long target, int flags)
265 unsigned int instruction;
266 long offset;
268 offset = target;
269 if (! (flags & BRANCH_ABSOLUTE))
270 offset = offset - (unsigned long)addr;
272 /* Check we can represent the target in the instruction format */
273 if (offset < -0x8000 || offset > 0x7FFF || offset & 0x3)
274 return 0;
276 /* Mask out the flags and target, so they don't step on each other. */
277 instruction = 0x40000000 | (flags & 0x3FF0003) | (offset & 0xFFFC);
279 return instruction;
282 static unsigned int branch_opcode(unsigned int instr)
284 return (instr >> 26) & 0x3F;
287 static int instr_is_branch_iform(unsigned int instr)
289 return branch_opcode(instr) == 18;
292 static int instr_is_branch_bform(unsigned int instr)
294 return branch_opcode(instr) == 16;
297 int instr_is_relative_branch(unsigned int instr)
299 if (instr & BRANCH_ABSOLUTE)
300 return 0;
302 return instr_is_branch_iform(instr) || instr_is_branch_bform(instr);
305 int instr_is_relative_link_branch(unsigned int instr)
307 return instr_is_relative_branch(instr) && (instr & BRANCH_SET_LINK);
310 static unsigned long branch_iform_target(const unsigned int *instr)
312 signed long imm;
314 imm = *instr & 0x3FFFFFC;
316 /* If the top bit of the immediate value is set this is negative */
317 if (imm & 0x2000000)
318 imm -= 0x4000000;
320 if ((*instr & BRANCH_ABSOLUTE) == 0)
321 imm += (unsigned long)instr;
323 return (unsigned long)imm;
326 static unsigned long branch_bform_target(const unsigned int *instr)
328 signed long imm;
330 imm = *instr & 0xFFFC;
332 /* If the top bit of the immediate value is set this is negative */
333 if (imm & 0x8000)
334 imm -= 0x10000;
336 if ((*instr & BRANCH_ABSOLUTE) == 0)
337 imm += (unsigned long)instr;
339 return (unsigned long)imm;
342 unsigned long branch_target(const unsigned int *instr)
344 if (instr_is_branch_iform(*instr))
345 return branch_iform_target(instr);
346 else if (instr_is_branch_bform(*instr))
347 return branch_bform_target(instr);
349 return 0;
352 int instr_is_branch_to_addr(const unsigned int *instr, unsigned long addr)
354 if (instr_is_branch_iform(*instr) || instr_is_branch_bform(*instr))
355 return branch_target(instr) == addr;
357 return 0;
360 unsigned int translate_branch(const unsigned int *dest, const unsigned int *src)
362 unsigned long target;
364 target = branch_target(src);
366 if (instr_is_branch_iform(*src))
367 return create_branch(dest, target, *src);
368 else if (instr_is_branch_bform(*src))
369 return create_cond_branch(dest, target, *src);
371 return 0;
374 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3E_64
375 void __patch_exception(int exc, unsigned long addr)
377 extern unsigned int interrupt_base_book3e;
378 unsigned int *ibase = &interrupt_base_book3e;
380 /* Our exceptions vectors start with a NOP and -then- a branch
381 * to deal with single stepping from userspace which stops on
382 * the second instruction. Thus we need to patch the second
383 * instruction of the exception, not the first one
386 patch_branch(ibase + (exc / 4) + 1, addr, 0);
388 #endif
390 #ifdef CONFIG_CODE_PATCHING_SELFTEST
392 static void __init test_trampoline(void)
394 asm ("nop;\n");
397 #define check(x) \
398 if (!(x)) printk("code-patching: test failed at line %d\n", __LINE__);
400 static void __init test_branch_iform(void)
402 unsigned int instr;
403 unsigned long addr;
405 addr = (unsigned long)&instr;
407 /* The simplest case, branch to self, no flags */
408 check(instr_is_branch_iform(0x48000000));
409 /* All bits of target set, and flags */
410 check(instr_is_branch_iform(0x4bffffff));
411 /* High bit of opcode set, which is wrong */
412 check(!instr_is_branch_iform(0xcbffffff));
413 /* Middle bits of opcode set, which is wrong */
414 check(!instr_is_branch_iform(0x7bffffff));
416 /* Simplest case, branch to self with link */
417 check(instr_is_branch_iform(0x48000001));
418 /* All bits of targets set */
419 check(instr_is_branch_iform(0x4bfffffd));
420 /* Some bits of targets set */
421 check(instr_is_branch_iform(0x4bff00fd));
422 /* Must be a valid branch to start with */
423 check(!instr_is_branch_iform(0x7bfffffd));
425 /* Absolute branch to 0x100 */
426 instr = 0x48000103;
427 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, 0x100));
428 /* Absolute branch to 0x420fc */
429 instr = 0x480420ff;
430 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, 0x420fc));
431 /* Maximum positive relative branch, + 20MB - 4B */
432 instr = 0x49fffffc;
433 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr + 0x1FFFFFC));
434 /* Smallest negative relative branch, - 4B */
435 instr = 0x4bfffffc;
436 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr - 4));
437 /* Largest negative relative branch, - 32 MB */
438 instr = 0x4a000000;
439 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr - 0x2000000));
441 /* Branch to self, with link */
442 instr = create_branch(&instr, addr, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
443 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr));
445 /* Branch to self - 0x100, with link */
446 instr = create_branch(&instr, addr - 0x100, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
447 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr - 0x100));
449 /* Branch to self + 0x100, no link */
450 instr = create_branch(&instr, addr + 0x100, 0);
451 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr + 0x100));
453 /* Maximum relative negative offset, - 32 MB */
454 instr = create_branch(&instr, addr - 0x2000000, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
455 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr - 0x2000000));
457 /* Out of range relative negative offset, - 32 MB + 4*/
458 instr = create_branch(&instr, addr - 0x2000004, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
459 check(instr == 0);
461 /* Out of range relative positive offset, + 32 MB */
462 instr = create_branch(&instr, addr + 0x2000000, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
463 check(instr == 0);
465 /* Unaligned target */
466 instr = create_branch(&instr, addr + 3, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
467 check(instr == 0);
469 /* Check flags are masked correctly */
470 instr = create_branch(&instr, addr, 0xFFFFFFFC);
471 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr));
472 check(instr == 0x48000000);
475 static void __init test_create_function_call(void)
477 unsigned int *iptr;
478 unsigned long dest;
480 /* Check we can create a function call */
481 iptr = (unsigned int *)ppc_function_entry(test_trampoline);
482 dest = ppc_function_entry(test_create_function_call);
483 patch_instruction(iptr, create_branch(iptr, dest, BRANCH_SET_LINK));
484 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(iptr, dest));
487 static void __init test_branch_bform(void)
489 unsigned long addr;
490 unsigned int *iptr, instr, flags;
492 iptr = &instr;
493 addr = (unsigned long)iptr;
495 /* The simplest case, branch to self, no flags */
496 check(instr_is_branch_bform(0x40000000));
497 /* All bits of target set, and flags */
498 check(instr_is_branch_bform(0x43ffffff));
499 /* High bit of opcode set, which is wrong */
500 check(!instr_is_branch_bform(0xc3ffffff));
501 /* Middle bits of opcode set, which is wrong */
502 check(!instr_is_branch_bform(0x7bffffff));
504 /* Absolute conditional branch to 0x100 */
505 instr = 0x43ff0103;
506 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, 0x100));
507 /* Absolute conditional branch to 0x20fc */
508 instr = 0x43ff20ff;
509 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, 0x20fc));
510 /* Maximum positive relative conditional branch, + 32 KB - 4B */
511 instr = 0x43ff7ffc;
512 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr + 0x7FFC));
513 /* Smallest negative relative conditional branch, - 4B */
514 instr = 0x43fffffc;
515 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr - 4));
516 /* Largest negative relative conditional branch, - 32 KB */
517 instr = 0x43ff8000;
518 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr - 0x8000));
520 /* All condition code bits set & link */
521 flags = 0x3ff000 | BRANCH_SET_LINK;
523 /* Branch to self */
524 instr = create_cond_branch(iptr, addr, flags);
525 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr));
527 /* Branch to self - 0x100 */
528 instr = create_cond_branch(iptr, addr - 0x100, flags);
529 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr - 0x100));
531 /* Branch to self + 0x100 */
532 instr = create_cond_branch(iptr, addr + 0x100, flags);
533 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr + 0x100));
535 /* Maximum relative negative offset, - 32 KB */
536 instr = create_cond_branch(iptr, addr - 0x8000, flags);
537 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr - 0x8000));
539 /* Out of range relative negative offset, - 32 KB + 4*/
540 instr = create_cond_branch(iptr, addr - 0x8004, flags);
541 check(instr == 0);
543 /* Out of range relative positive offset, + 32 KB */
544 instr = create_cond_branch(iptr, addr + 0x8000, flags);
545 check(instr == 0);
547 /* Unaligned target */
548 instr = create_cond_branch(iptr, addr + 3, flags);
549 check(instr == 0);
551 /* Check flags are masked correctly */
552 instr = create_cond_branch(iptr, addr, 0xFFFFFFFC);
553 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(&instr, addr));
554 check(instr == 0x43FF0000);
557 static void __init test_translate_branch(void)
559 unsigned long addr;
560 unsigned int *p, *q;
561 void *buf;
563 buf = vmalloc(PAGE_ALIGN(0x2000000 + 1));
564 check(buf);
565 if (!buf)
566 return;
568 /* Simple case, branch to self moved a little */
569 p = buf;
570 addr = (unsigned long)p;
571 patch_branch(p, addr, 0);
572 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
573 q = p + 1;
574 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
575 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
577 /* Maximum negative case, move b . to addr + 32 MB */
578 p = buf;
579 addr = (unsigned long)p;
580 patch_branch(p, addr, 0);
581 q = buf + 0x2000000;
582 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
583 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
584 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
585 check(*q == 0x4a000000);
587 /* Maximum positive case, move x to x - 32 MB + 4 */
588 p = buf + 0x2000000;
589 addr = (unsigned long)p;
590 patch_branch(p, addr, 0);
591 q = buf + 4;
592 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
593 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
594 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
595 check(*q == 0x49fffffc);
597 /* Jump to x + 16 MB moved to x + 20 MB */
598 p = buf;
599 addr = 0x1000000 + (unsigned long)buf;
600 patch_branch(p, addr, BRANCH_SET_LINK);
601 q = buf + 0x1400000;
602 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
603 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
604 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
606 /* Jump to x + 16 MB moved to x - 16 MB + 4 */
607 p = buf + 0x1000000;
608 addr = 0x2000000 + (unsigned long)buf;
609 patch_branch(p, addr, 0);
610 q = buf + 4;
611 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
612 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
613 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
616 /* Conditional branch tests */
618 /* Simple case, branch to self moved a little */
619 p = buf;
620 addr = (unsigned long)p;
621 patch_instruction(p, create_cond_branch(p, addr, 0));
622 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
623 q = p + 1;
624 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
625 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
627 /* Maximum negative case, move b . to addr + 32 KB */
628 p = buf;
629 addr = (unsigned long)p;
630 patch_instruction(p, create_cond_branch(p, addr, 0xFFFFFFFC));
631 q = buf + 0x8000;
632 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
633 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
634 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
635 check(*q == 0x43ff8000);
637 /* Maximum positive case, move x to x - 32 KB + 4 */
638 p = buf + 0x8000;
639 addr = (unsigned long)p;
640 patch_instruction(p, create_cond_branch(p, addr, 0xFFFFFFFC));
641 q = buf + 4;
642 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
643 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
644 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
645 check(*q == 0x43ff7ffc);
647 /* Jump to x + 12 KB moved to x + 20 KB */
648 p = buf;
649 addr = 0x3000 + (unsigned long)buf;
650 patch_instruction(p, create_cond_branch(p, addr, BRANCH_SET_LINK));
651 q = buf + 0x5000;
652 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
653 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
654 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
656 /* Jump to x + 8 KB moved to x - 8 KB + 4 */
657 p = buf + 0x2000;
658 addr = 0x4000 + (unsigned long)buf;
659 patch_instruction(p, create_cond_branch(p, addr, 0));
660 q = buf + 4;
661 patch_instruction(q, translate_branch(q, p));
662 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(p, addr));
663 check(instr_is_branch_to_addr(q, addr));
665 /* Free the buffer we were using */
666 vfree(buf);
669 static int __init test_code_patching(void)
671 printk(KERN_DEBUG "Running code patching self-tests ...\n");
673 test_branch_iform();
674 test_branch_bform();
675 test_create_function_call();
676 test_translate_branch();
678 return 0;
680 late_initcall(test_code_patching);
682 #endif /* CONFIG_CODE_PATCHING_SELFTEST */