4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
8 * #!-checking implemented by tytso.
11 * Demand-loading implemented 01.12.91 - no need to read anything but
12 * the header into memory. The inode of the executable is put into
13 * "current->executable", and page faults do the actual loading. Clean.
15 * Once more I can proudly say that linux stood up to being changed: it
16 * was less than 2 hours work to get demand-loading completely implemented.
18 * Demand loading changed July 1993 by Eric Youngdale. Use mmap instead,
19 * current->executable is only used by the procfs. This allows a dispatch
20 * table to check for several different types of binary formats. We keep
21 * trying until we recognize the file or we run out of supported binary
25 #include <linux/slab.h>
26 #include <linux/file.h>
27 #include <linux/fdtable.h>
29 #include <linux/vmacache.h>
30 #include <linux/stat.h>
31 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
32 #include <linux/swap.h>
33 #include <linux/string.h>
34 #include <linux/init.h>
35 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
36 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
37 #include <linux/highmem.h>
38 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
39 #include <linux/key.h>
40 #include <linux/personality.h>
41 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
42 #include <linux/utsname.h>
43 #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
44 #include <linux/module.h>
45 #include <linux/namei.h>
46 #include <linux/mount.h>
47 #include <linux/security.h>
48 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
49 #include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
50 #include <linux/cn_proc.h>
51 #include <linux/audit.h>
52 #include <linux/tracehook.h>
53 #include <linux/kmod.h>
54 #include <linux/fsnotify.h>
55 #include <linux/fs_struct.h>
56 #include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h>
57 #include <linux/oom.h>
58 #include <linux/compat.h>
60 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
61 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
64 #include <trace/events/task.h>
67 #include <trace/events/sched.h>
69 int suid_dumpable
= 0;
71 static LIST_HEAD(formats
);
72 static DEFINE_RWLOCK(binfmt_lock
);
74 void __register_binfmt(struct linux_binfmt
* fmt
, int insert
)
77 if (WARN_ON(!fmt
->load_binary
))
79 write_lock(&binfmt_lock
);
80 insert
? list_add(&fmt
->lh
, &formats
) :
81 list_add_tail(&fmt
->lh
, &formats
);
82 write_unlock(&binfmt_lock
);
85 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__register_binfmt
);
87 void unregister_binfmt(struct linux_binfmt
* fmt
)
89 write_lock(&binfmt_lock
);
91 write_unlock(&binfmt_lock
);
94 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_binfmt
);
96 static inline void put_binfmt(struct linux_binfmt
* fmt
)
98 module_put(fmt
->module
);
101 bool path_noexec(const struct path
*path
)
103 return (path
->mnt
->mnt_flags
& MNT_NOEXEC
) ||
104 (path
->mnt
->mnt_sb
->s_iflags
& SB_I_NOEXEC
);
109 * Note that a shared library must be both readable and executable due to
112 * Also note that we take the address to load from from the file itself.
114 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(uselib
, const char __user
*, library
)
116 struct linux_binfmt
*fmt
;
118 struct filename
*tmp
= getname(library
);
119 int error
= PTR_ERR(tmp
);
120 static const struct open_flags uselib_flags
= {
121 .open_flag
= O_LARGEFILE
| O_RDONLY
| __FMODE_EXEC
,
122 .acc_mode
= MAY_READ
| MAY_EXEC
| MAY_OPEN
,
123 .intent
= LOOKUP_OPEN
,
124 .lookup_flags
= LOOKUP_FOLLOW
,
130 file
= do_filp_open(AT_FDCWD
, tmp
, &uselib_flags
);
132 error
= PTR_ERR(file
);
137 if (!S_ISREG(file_inode(file
)->i_mode
))
141 if (path_noexec(&file
->f_path
))
148 read_lock(&binfmt_lock
);
149 list_for_each_entry(fmt
, &formats
, lh
) {
150 if (!fmt
->load_shlib
)
152 if (!try_module_get(fmt
->module
))
154 read_unlock(&binfmt_lock
);
155 error
= fmt
->load_shlib(file
);
156 read_lock(&binfmt_lock
);
158 if (error
!= -ENOEXEC
)
161 read_unlock(&binfmt_lock
);
167 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_USELIB */
171 * The nascent bprm->mm is not visible until exec_mmap() but it can
172 * use a lot of memory, account these pages in current->mm temporary
173 * for oom_badness()->get_mm_rss(). Once exec succeeds or fails, we
174 * change the counter back via acct_arg_size(0).
176 static void acct_arg_size(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, unsigned long pages
)
178 struct mm_struct
*mm
= current
->mm
;
179 long diff
= (long)(pages
- bprm
->vma_pages
);
184 bprm
->vma_pages
= pages
;
185 add_mm_counter(mm
, MM_ANONPAGES
, diff
);
188 static struct page
*get_arg_page(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, unsigned long pos
,
194 #ifdef CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP
196 ret
= expand_downwards(bprm
->vma
, pos
);
201 ret
= get_user_pages(current
, bprm
->mm
, pos
,
202 1, write
, 1, &page
, NULL
);
207 unsigned long size
= bprm
->vma
->vm_end
- bprm
->vma
->vm_start
;
210 acct_arg_size(bprm
, size
/ PAGE_SIZE
);
213 * We've historically supported up to 32 pages (ARG_MAX)
214 * of argument strings even with small stacks
220 * Limit to 1/4-th the stack size for the argv+env strings.
222 * - the remaining binfmt code will not run out of stack space,
223 * - the program will have a reasonable amount of stack left
226 rlim
= current
->signal
->rlim
;
227 if (size
> ACCESS_ONCE(rlim
[RLIMIT_STACK
].rlim_cur
) / 4) {
236 static void put_arg_page(struct page
*page
)
241 static void free_arg_page(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, int i
)
245 static void free_arg_pages(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
249 static void flush_arg_page(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, unsigned long pos
,
252 flush_cache_page(bprm
->vma
, pos
, page_to_pfn(page
));
255 static int __bprm_mm_init(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
258 struct vm_area_struct
*vma
= NULL
;
259 struct mm_struct
*mm
= bprm
->mm
;
261 bprm
->vma
= vma
= kmem_cache_zalloc(vm_area_cachep
, GFP_KERNEL
);
265 down_write(&mm
->mmap_sem
);
269 * Place the stack at the largest stack address the architecture
270 * supports. Later, we'll move this to an appropriate place. We don't
271 * use STACK_TOP because that can depend on attributes which aren't
274 BUILD_BUG_ON(VM_STACK_FLAGS
& VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP
);
275 vma
->vm_end
= STACK_TOP_MAX
;
276 vma
->vm_start
= vma
->vm_end
- PAGE_SIZE
;
277 vma
->vm_flags
= VM_SOFTDIRTY
| VM_STACK_FLAGS
| VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP
;
278 vma
->vm_page_prot
= vm_get_page_prot(vma
->vm_flags
);
279 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma
->anon_vma_chain
);
281 err
= insert_vm_struct(mm
, vma
);
285 mm
->stack_vm
= mm
->total_vm
= 1;
286 arch_bprm_mm_init(mm
, vma
);
287 up_write(&mm
->mmap_sem
);
288 bprm
->p
= vma
->vm_end
- sizeof(void *);
291 up_write(&mm
->mmap_sem
);
293 kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep
, vma
);
297 static bool valid_arg_len(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, long len
)
299 return len
<= MAX_ARG_STRLEN
;
304 static inline void acct_arg_size(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, unsigned long pages
)
308 static struct page
*get_arg_page(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, unsigned long pos
,
313 page
= bprm
->page
[pos
/ PAGE_SIZE
];
314 if (!page
&& write
) {
315 page
= alloc_page(GFP_HIGHUSER
|__GFP_ZERO
);
318 bprm
->page
[pos
/ PAGE_SIZE
] = page
;
324 static void put_arg_page(struct page
*page
)
328 static void free_arg_page(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, int i
)
331 __free_page(bprm
->page
[i
]);
332 bprm
->page
[i
] = NULL
;
336 static void free_arg_pages(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
340 for (i
= 0; i
< MAX_ARG_PAGES
; i
++)
341 free_arg_page(bprm
, i
);
344 static void flush_arg_page(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, unsigned long pos
,
349 static int __bprm_mm_init(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
351 bprm
->p
= PAGE_SIZE
* MAX_ARG_PAGES
- sizeof(void *);
355 static bool valid_arg_len(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, long len
)
357 return len
<= bprm
->p
;
360 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
363 * Create a new mm_struct and populate it with a temporary stack
364 * vm_area_struct. We don't have enough context at this point to set the stack
365 * flags, permissions, and offset, so we use temporary values. We'll update
366 * them later in setup_arg_pages().
368 static int bprm_mm_init(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
371 struct mm_struct
*mm
= NULL
;
373 bprm
->mm
= mm
= mm_alloc();
378 err
= __bprm_mm_init(bprm
);
393 struct user_arg_ptr
{
398 const char __user
*const __user
*native
;
400 const compat_uptr_t __user
*compat
;
405 static const char __user
*get_user_arg_ptr(struct user_arg_ptr argv
, int nr
)
407 const char __user
*native
;
410 if (unlikely(argv
.is_compat
)) {
411 compat_uptr_t compat
;
413 if (get_user(compat
, argv
.ptr
.compat
+ nr
))
414 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT
);
416 return compat_ptr(compat
);
420 if (get_user(native
, argv
.ptr
.native
+ nr
))
421 return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT
);
427 * count() counts the number of strings in array ARGV.
429 static int count(struct user_arg_ptr argv
, int max
)
433 if (argv
.ptr
.native
!= NULL
) {
435 const char __user
*p
= get_user_arg_ptr(argv
, i
);
447 if (fatal_signal_pending(current
))
448 return -ERESTARTNOHAND
;
456 * 'copy_strings()' copies argument/environment strings from the old
457 * processes's memory to the new process's stack. The call to get_user_pages()
458 * ensures the destination page is created and not swapped out.
460 static int copy_strings(int argc
, struct user_arg_ptr argv
,
461 struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
463 struct page
*kmapped_page
= NULL
;
465 unsigned long kpos
= 0;
469 const char __user
*str
;
474 str
= get_user_arg_ptr(argv
, argc
);
478 len
= strnlen_user(str
, MAX_ARG_STRLEN
);
483 if (!valid_arg_len(bprm
, len
))
486 /* We're going to work our way backwords. */
492 int offset
, bytes_to_copy
;
494 if (fatal_signal_pending(current
)) {
495 ret
= -ERESTARTNOHAND
;
500 offset
= pos
% PAGE_SIZE
;
504 bytes_to_copy
= offset
;
505 if (bytes_to_copy
> len
)
508 offset
-= bytes_to_copy
;
509 pos
-= bytes_to_copy
;
510 str
-= bytes_to_copy
;
511 len
-= bytes_to_copy
;
513 if (!kmapped_page
|| kpos
!= (pos
& PAGE_MASK
)) {
516 page
= get_arg_page(bprm
, pos
, 1);
523 flush_kernel_dcache_page(kmapped_page
);
524 kunmap(kmapped_page
);
525 put_arg_page(kmapped_page
);
528 kaddr
= kmap(kmapped_page
);
529 kpos
= pos
& PAGE_MASK
;
530 flush_arg_page(bprm
, kpos
, kmapped_page
);
532 if (copy_from_user(kaddr
+offset
, str
, bytes_to_copy
)) {
541 flush_kernel_dcache_page(kmapped_page
);
542 kunmap(kmapped_page
);
543 put_arg_page(kmapped_page
);
549 * Like copy_strings, but get argv and its values from kernel memory.
551 int copy_strings_kernel(int argc
, const char *const *__argv
,
552 struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
555 mm_segment_t oldfs
= get_fs();
556 struct user_arg_ptr argv
= {
557 .ptr
.native
= (const char __user
*const __user
*)__argv
,
561 r
= copy_strings(argc
, argv
, bprm
);
566 EXPORT_SYMBOL(copy_strings_kernel
);
571 * During bprm_mm_init(), we create a temporary stack at STACK_TOP_MAX. Once
572 * the binfmt code determines where the new stack should reside, we shift it to
573 * its final location. The process proceeds as follows:
575 * 1) Use shift to calculate the new vma endpoints.
576 * 2) Extend vma to cover both the old and new ranges. This ensures the
577 * arguments passed to subsequent functions are consistent.
578 * 3) Move vma's page tables to the new range.
579 * 4) Free up any cleared pgd range.
580 * 5) Shrink the vma to cover only the new range.
582 static int shift_arg_pages(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, unsigned long shift
)
584 struct mm_struct
*mm
= vma
->vm_mm
;
585 unsigned long old_start
= vma
->vm_start
;
586 unsigned long old_end
= vma
->vm_end
;
587 unsigned long length
= old_end
- old_start
;
588 unsigned long new_start
= old_start
- shift
;
589 unsigned long new_end
= old_end
- shift
;
590 struct mmu_gather tlb
;
592 BUG_ON(new_start
> new_end
);
595 * ensure there are no vmas between where we want to go
598 if (vma
!= find_vma(mm
, new_start
))
602 * cover the whole range: [new_start, old_end)
604 if (vma_adjust(vma
, new_start
, old_end
, vma
->vm_pgoff
, NULL
))
608 * move the page tables downwards, on failure we rely on
609 * process cleanup to remove whatever mess we made.
611 if (length
!= move_page_tables(vma
, old_start
,
612 vma
, new_start
, length
, false))
616 tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb
, mm
, old_start
, old_end
);
617 if (new_end
> old_start
) {
619 * when the old and new regions overlap clear from new_end.
621 free_pgd_range(&tlb
, new_end
, old_end
, new_end
,
622 vma
->vm_next
? vma
->vm_next
->vm_start
: USER_PGTABLES_CEILING
);
625 * otherwise, clean from old_start; this is done to not touch
626 * the address space in [new_end, old_start) some architectures
627 * have constraints on va-space that make this illegal (IA64) -
628 * for the others its just a little faster.
630 free_pgd_range(&tlb
, old_start
, old_end
, new_end
,
631 vma
->vm_next
? vma
->vm_next
->vm_start
: USER_PGTABLES_CEILING
);
633 tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb
, old_start
, old_end
);
636 * Shrink the vma to just the new range. Always succeeds.
638 vma_adjust(vma
, new_start
, new_end
, vma
->vm_pgoff
, NULL
);
644 * Finalizes the stack vm_area_struct. The flags and permissions are updated,
645 * the stack is optionally relocated, and some extra space is added.
647 int setup_arg_pages(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
,
648 unsigned long stack_top
,
649 int executable_stack
)
652 unsigned long stack_shift
;
653 struct mm_struct
*mm
= current
->mm
;
654 struct vm_area_struct
*vma
= bprm
->vma
;
655 struct vm_area_struct
*prev
= NULL
;
656 unsigned long vm_flags
;
657 unsigned long stack_base
;
658 unsigned long stack_size
;
659 unsigned long stack_expand
;
660 unsigned long rlim_stack
;
662 #ifdef CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP
663 /* Limit stack size */
664 stack_base
= rlimit_max(RLIMIT_STACK
);
665 if (stack_base
> STACK_SIZE_MAX
)
666 stack_base
= STACK_SIZE_MAX
;
668 /* Add space for stack randomization. */
669 stack_base
+= (STACK_RND_MASK
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
671 /* Make sure we didn't let the argument array grow too large. */
672 if (vma
->vm_end
- vma
->vm_start
> stack_base
)
675 stack_base
= PAGE_ALIGN(stack_top
- stack_base
);
677 stack_shift
= vma
->vm_start
- stack_base
;
678 mm
->arg_start
= bprm
->p
- stack_shift
;
679 bprm
->p
= vma
->vm_end
- stack_shift
;
681 stack_top
= arch_align_stack(stack_top
);
682 stack_top
= PAGE_ALIGN(stack_top
);
684 if (unlikely(stack_top
< mmap_min_addr
) ||
685 unlikely(vma
->vm_end
- vma
->vm_start
>= stack_top
- mmap_min_addr
))
688 stack_shift
= vma
->vm_end
- stack_top
;
690 bprm
->p
-= stack_shift
;
691 mm
->arg_start
= bprm
->p
;
695 bprm
->loader
-= stack_shift
;
696 bprm
->exec
-= stack_shift
;
698 down_write(&mm
->mmap_sem
);
699 vm_flags
= VM_STACK_FLAGS
;
702 * Adjust stack execute permissions; explicitly enable for
703 * EXSTACK_ENABLE_X, disable for EXSTACK_DISABLE_X and leave alone
704 * (arch default) otherwise.
706 if (unlikely(executable_stack
== EXSTACK_ENABLE_X
))
708 else if (executable_stack
== EXSTACK_DISABLE_X
)
709 vm_flags
&= ~VM_EXEC
;
710 vm_flags
|= mm
->def_flags
;
711 vm_flags
|= VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP
;
713 ret
= mprotect_fixup(vma
, &prev
, vma
->vm_start
, vma
->vm_end
,
719 /* Move stack pages down in memory. */
721 ret
= shift_arg_pages(vma
, stack_shift
);
726 /* mprotect_fixup is overkill to remove the temporary stack flags */
727 vma
->vm_flags
&= ~VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP
;
729 stack_expand
= 131072UL; /* randomly 32*4k (or 2*64k) pages */
730 stack_size
= vma
->vm_end
- vma
->vm_start
;
732 * Align this down to a page boundary as expand_stack
735 rlim_stack
= rlimit(RLIMIT_STACK
) & PAGE_MASK
;
736 #ifdef CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP
737 if (stack_size
+ stack_expand
> rlim_stack
)
738 stack_base
= vma
->vm_start
+ rlim_stack
;
740 stack_base
= vma
->vm_end
+ stack_expand
;
742 if (stack_size
+ stack_expand
> rlim_stack
)
743 stack_base
= vma
->vm_end
- rlim_stack
;
745 stack_base
= vma
->vm_start
- stack_expand
;
747 current
->mm
->start_stack
= bprm
->p
;
748 ret
= expand_stack(vma
, stack_base
);
753 up_write(&mm
->mmap_sem
);
756 EXPORT_SYMBOL(setup_arg_pages
);
758 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
760 static struct file
*do_open_execat(int fd
, struct filename
*name
, int flags
)
764 struct open_flags open_exec_flags
= {
765 .open_flag
= O_LARGEFILE
| O_RDONLY
| __FMODE_EXEC
,
766 .acc_mode
= MAY_EXEC
| MAY_OPEN
,
767 .intent
= LOOKUP_OPEN
,
768 .lookup_flags
= LOOKUP_FOLLOW
,
771 if ((flags
& ~(AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
| AT_EMPTY_PATH
)) != 0)
772 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL
);
773 if (flags
& AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
)
774 open_exec_flags
.lookup_flags
&= ~LOOKUP_FOLLOW
;
775 if (flags
& AT_EMPTY_PATH
)
776 open_exec_flags
.lookup_flags
|= LOOKUP_EMPTY
;
778 file
= do_filp_open(fd
, name
, &open_exec_flags
);
783 if (!S_ISREG(file_inode(file
)->i_mode
))
786 if (path_noexec(&file
->f_path
))
789 err
= deny_write_access(file
);
793 if (name
->name
[0] != '\0')
804 struct file
*open_exec(const char *name
)
806 struct filename
*filename
= getname_kernel(name
);
807 struct file
*f
= ERR_CAST(filename
);
809 if (!IS_ERR(filename
)) {
810 f
= do_open_execat(AT_FDCWD
, filename
, 0);
815 EXPORT_SYMBOL(open_exec
);
817 int kernel_read(struct file
*file
, loff_t offset
,
818 char *addr
, unsigned long count
)
826 /* The cast to a user pointer is valid due to the set_fs() */
827 result
= vfs_read(file
, (void __user
*)addr
, count
, &pos
);
832 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kernel_read
);
834 ssize_t
read_code(struct file
*file
, unsigned long addr
, loff_t pos
, size_t len
)
836 ssize_t res
= vfs_read(file
, (void __user
*)addr
, len
, &pos
);
838 flush_icache_range(addr
, addr
+ len
);
841 EXPORT_SYMBOL(read_code
);
843 static int exec_mmap(struct mm_struct
*mm
)
845 struct task_struct
*tsk
;
846 struct mm_struct
*old_mm
, *active_mm
;
848 /* Notify parent that we're no longer interested in the old VM */
850 old_mm
= current
->mm
;
851 mm_release(tsk
, old_mm
);
856 * Make sure that if there is a core dump in progress
857 * for the old mm, we get out and die instead of going
858 * through with the exec. We must hold mmap_sem around
859 * checking core_state and changing tsk->mm.
861 down_read(&old_mm
->mmap_sem
);
862 if (unlikely(old_mm
->core_state
)) {
863 up_read(&old_mm
->mmap_sem
);
868 active_mm
= tsk
->active_mm
;
871 activate_mm(active_mm
, mm
);
872 tsk
->mm
->vmacache_seqnum
= 0;
876 up_read(&old_mm
->mmap_sem
);
877 BUG_ON(active_mm
!= old_mm
);
878 setmax_mm_hiwater_rss(&tsk
->signal
->maxrss
, old_mm
);
879 mm_update_next_owner(old_mm
);
888 * This function makes sure the current process has its own signal table,
889 * so that flush_signal_handlers can later reset the handlers without
890 * disturbing other processes. (Other processes might share the signal
891 * table via the CLONE_SIGHAND option to clone().)
893 static int de_thread(struct task_struct
*tsk
)
895 struct signal_struct
*sig
= tsk
->signal
;
896 struct sighand_struct
*oldsighand
= tsk
->sighand
;
897 spinlock_t
*lock
= &oldsighand
->siglock
;
899 if (thread_group_empty(tsk
))
900 goto no_thread_group
;
903 * Kill all other threads in the thread group.
906 if (signal_group_exit(sig
)) {
908 * Another group action in progress, just
909 * return so that the signal is processed.
911 spin_unlock_irq(lock
);
915 sig
->group_exit_task
= tsk
;
916 sig
->notify_count
= zap_other_threads(tsk
);
917 if (!thread_group_leader(tsk
))
920 while (sig
->notify_count
) {
921 __set_current_state(TASK_KILLABLE
);
922 spin_unlock_irq(lock
);
924 if (unlikely(__fatal_signal_pending(tsk
)))
928 spin_unlock_irq(lock
);
931 * At this point all other threads have exited, all we have to
932 * do is to wait for the thread group leader to become inactive,
933 * and to assume its PID:
935 if (!thread_group_leader(tsk
)) {
936 struct task_struct
*leader
= tsk
->group_leader
;
939 threadgroup_change_begin(tsk
);
940 write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock
);
942 * Do this under tasklist_lock to ensure that
943 * exit_notify() can't miss ->group_exit_task
945 sig
->notify_count
= -1;
946 if (likely(leader
->exit_state
))
948 __set_current_state(TASK_KILLABLE
);
949 write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock
);
950 threadgroup_change_end(tsk
);
952 if (unlikely(__fatal_signal_pending(tsk
)))
957 * The only record we have of the real-time age of a
958 * process, regardless of execs it's done, is start_time.
959 * All the past CPU time is accumulated in signal_struct
960 * from sister threads now dead. But in this non-leader
961 * exec, nothing survives from the original leader thread,
962 * whose birth marks the true age of this process now.
963 * When we take on its identity by switching to its PID, we
964 * also take its birthdate (always earlier than our own).
966 tsk
->start_time
= leader
->start_time
;
967 tsk
->real_start_time
= leader
->real_start_time
;
969 BUG_ON(!same_thread_group(leader
, tsk
));
970 BUG_ON(has_group_leader_pid(tsk
));
972 * An exec() starts a new thread group with the
973 * TGID of the previous thread group. Rehash the
974 * two threads with a switched PID, and release
975 * the former thread group leader:
978 /* Become a process group leader with the old leader's pid.
979 * The old leader becomes a thread of the this thread group.
980 * Note: The old leader also uses this pid until release_task
981 * is called. Odd but simple and correct.
983 tsk
->pid
= leader
->pid
;
984 change_pid(tsk
, PIDTYPE_PID
, task_pid(leader
));
985 transfer_pid(leader
, tsk
, PIDTYPE_PGID
);
986 transfer_pid(leader
, tsk
, PIDTYPE_SID
);
988 list_replace_rcu(&leader
->tasks
, &tsk
->tasks
);
989 list_replace_init(&leader
->sibling
, &tsk
->sibling
);
991 tsk
->group_leader
= tsk
;
992 leader
->group_leader
= tsk
;
994 tsk
->exit_signal
= SIGCHLD
;
995 leader
->exit_signal
= -1;
997 BUG_ON(leader
->exit_state
!= EXIT_ZOMBIE
);
998 leader
->exit_state
= EXIT_DEAD
;
1001 * We are going to release_task()->ptrace_unlink() silently,
1002 * the tracer can sleep in do_wait(). EXIT_DEAD guarantees
1003 * the tracer wont't block again waiting for this thread.
1005 if (unlikely(leader
->ptrace
))
1006 __wake_up_parent(leader
, leader
->parent
);
1007 write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock
);
1008 threadgroup_change_end(tsk
);
1010 release_task(leader
);
1013 sig
->group_exit_task
= NULL
;
1014 sig
->notify_count
= 0;
1017 /* we have changed execution domain */
1018 tsk
->exit_signal
= SIGCHLD
;
1021 flush_itimer_signals();
1023 if (atomic_read(&oldsighand
->count
) != 1) {
1024 struct sighand_struct
*newsighand
;
1026 * This ->sighand is shared with the CLONE_SIGHAND
1027 * but not CLONE_THREAD task, switch to the new one.
1029 newsighand
= kmem_cache_alloc(sighand_cachep
, GFP_KERNEL
);
1033 atomic_set(&newsighand
->count
, 1);
1034 memcpy(newsighand
->action
, oldsighand
->action
,
1035 sizeof(newsighand
->action
));
1037 write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock
);
1038 spin_lock(&oldsighand
->siglock
);
1039 rcu_assign_pointer(tsk
->sighand
, newsighand
);
1040 spin_unlock(&oldsighand
->siglock
);
1041 write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock
);
1043 __cleanup_sighand(oldsighand
);
1046 BUG_ON(!thread_group_leader(tsk
));
1050 /* protects against exit_notify() and __exit_signal() */
1051 read_lock(&tasklist_lock
);
1052 sig
->group_exit_task
= NULL
;
1053 sig
->notify_count
= 0;
1054 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock
);
1058 char *get_task_comm(char *buf
, struct task_struct
*tsk
)
1060 /* buf must be at least sizeof(tsk->comm) in size */
1062 strncpy(buf
, tsk
->comm
, sizeof(tsk
->comm
));
1066 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_task_comm
);
1069 * These functions flushes out all traces of the currently running executable
1070 * so that a new one can be started
1073 void __set_task_comm(struct task_struct
*tsk
, const char *buf
, bool exec
)
1076 trace_task_rename(tsk
, buf
);
1077 strlcpy(tsk
->comm
, buf
, sizeof(tsk
->comm
));
1079 perf_event_comm(tsk
, exec
);
1082 int flush_old_exec(struct linux_binprm
* bprm
)
1087 * Make sure we have a private signal table and that
1088 * we are unassociated from the previous thread group.
1090 retval
= de_thread(current
);
1095 * Must be called _before_ exec_mmap() as bprm->mm is
1096 * not visibile until then. This also enables the update
1099 set_mm_exe_file(bprm
->mm
, bprm
->file
);
1102 * Release all of the old mmap stuff
1104 acct_arg_size(bprm
, 0);
1105 retval
= exec_mmap(bprm
->mm
);
1109 bprm
->mm
= NULL
; /* We're using it now */
1112 current
->flags
&= ~(PF_RANDOMIZE
| PF_FORKNOEXEC
| PF_KTHREAD
|
1113 PF_NOFREEZE
| PF_NO_SETAFFINITY
);
1115 current
->personality
&= ~bprm
->per_clear
;
1122 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_old_exec
);
1124 void would_dump(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
, struct file
*file
)
1126 if (inode_permission(file_inode(file
), MAY_READ
) < 0)
1127 bprm
->interp_flags
|= BINPRM_FLAGS_ENFORCE_NONDUMP
;
1129 EXPORT_SYMBOL(would_dump
);
1131 void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm
* bprm
)
1133 arch_pick_mmap_layout(current
->mm
);
1135 /* This is the point of no return */
1136 current
->sas_ss_sp
= current
->sas_ss_size
= 0;
1138 if (uid_eq(current_euid(), current_uid()) && gid_eq(current_egid(), current_gid()))
1139 set_dumpable(current
->mm
, SUID_DUMP_USER
);
1141 set_dumpable(current
->mm
, suid_dumpable
);
1144 __set_task_comm(current
, kbasename(bprm
->filename
), true);
1146 /* Set the new mm task size. We have to do that late because it may
1147 * depend on TIF_32BIT which is only updated in flush_thread() on
1148 * some architectures like powerpc
1150 current
->mm
->task_size
= TASK_SIZE
;
1152 /* install the new credentials */
1153 if (!uid_eq(bprm
->cred
->uid
, current_euid()) ||
1154 !gid_eq(bprm
->cred
->gid
, current_egid())) {
1155 current
->pdeath_signal
= 0;
1157 would_dump(bprm
, bprm
->file
);
1158 if (bprm
->interp_flags
& BINPRM_FLAGS_ENFORCE_NONDUMP
)
1159 set_dumpable(current
->mm
, suid_dumpable
);
1162 /* An exec changes our domain. We are no longer part of the thread
1164 current
->self_exec_id
++;
1165 flush_signal_handlers(current
, 0);
1166 do_close_on_exec(current
->files
);
1168 EXPORT_SYMBOL(setup_new_exec
);
1171 * Prepare credentials and lock ->cred_guard_mutex.
1172 * install_exec_creds() commits the new creds and drops the lock.
1173 * Or, if exec fails before, free_bprm() should release ->cred and
1176 int prepare_bprm_creds(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1178 if (mutex_lock_interruptible(¤t
->signal
->cred_guard_mutex
))
1179 return -ERESTARTNOINTR
;
1181 bprm
->cred
= prepare_exec_creds();
1182 if (likely(bprm
->cred
))
1185 mutex_unlock(¤t
->signal
->cred_guard_mutex
);
1189 static void free_bprm(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1191 free_arg_pages(bprm
);
1193 mutex_unlock(¤t
->signal
->cred_guard_mutex
);
1194 abort_creds(bprm
->cred
);
1197 allow_write_access(bprm
->file
);
1200 /* If a binfmt changed the interp, free it. */
1201 if (bprm
->interp
!= bprm
->filename
)
1202 kfree(bprm
->interp
);
1206 int bprm_change_interp(char *interp
, struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1208 /* If a binfmt changed the interp, free it first. */
1209 if (bprm
->interp
!= bprm
->filename
)
1210 kfree(bprm
->interp
);
1211 bprm
->interp
= kstrdup(interp
, GFP_KERNEL
);
1216 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bprm_change_interp
);
1219 * install the new credentials for this executable
1221 void install_exec_creds(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1223 security_bprm_committing_creds(bprm
);
1225 commit_creds(bprm
->cred
);
1229 * Disable monitoring for regular users
1230 * when executing setuid binaries. Must
1231 * wait until new credentials are committed
1232 * by commit_creds() above
1234 if (get_dumpable(current
->mm
) != SUID_DUMP_USER
)
1235 perf_event_exit_task(current
);
1237 * cred_guard_mutex must be held at least to this point to prevent
1238 * ptrace_attach() from altering our determination of the task's
1239 * credentials; any time after this it may be unlocked.
1241 security_bprm_committed_creds(bprm
);
1242 mutex_unlock(¤t
->signal
->cred_guard_mutex
);
1244 EXPORT_SYMBOL(install_exec_creds
);
1247 * determine how safe it is to execute the proposed program
1248 * - the caller must hold ->cred_guard_mutex to protect against
1249 * PTRACE_ATTACH or seccomp thread-sync
1251 static void check_unsafe_exec(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1253 struct task_struct
*p
= current
, *t
;
1257 if (p
->ptrace
& PT_PTRACE_CAP
)
1258 bprm
->unsafe
|= LSM_UNSAFE_PTRACE_CAP
;
1260 bprm
->unsafe
|= LSM_UNSAFE_PTRACE
;
1264 * This isn't strictly necessary, but it makes it harder for LSMs to
1267 if (task_no_new_privs(current
))
1268 bprm
->unsafe
|= LSM_UNSAFE_NO_NEW_PRIVS
;
1272 spin_lock(&p
->fs
->lock
);
1274 while_each_thread(p
, t
) {
1280 if (p
->fs
->users
> n_fs
)
1281 bprm
->unsafe
|= LSM_UNSAFE_SHARE
;
1284 spin_unlock(&p
->fs
->lock
);
1287 static void bprm_fill_uid(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1289 struct inode
*inode
;
1294 /* clear any previous set[ug]id data from a previous binary */
1295 bprm
->cred
->euid
= current_euid();
1296 bprm
->cred
->egid
= current_egid();
1298 if (bprm
->file
->f_path
.mnt
->mnt_flags
& MNT_NOSUID
)
1301 if (task_no_new_privs(current
))
1304 inode
= file_inode(bprm
->file
);
1305 mode
= READ_ONCE(inode
->i_mode
);
1306 if (!(mode
& (S_ISUID
|S_ISGID
)))
1309 /* Be careful if suid/sgid is set */
1310 mutex_lock(&inode
->i_mutex
);
1312 /* reload atomically mode/uid/gid now that lock held */
1313 mode
= inode
->i_mode
;
1316 mutex_unlock(&inode
->i_mutex
);
1318 /* We ignore suid/sgid if there are no mappings for them in the ns */
1319 if (!kuid_has_mapping(bprm
->cred
->user_ns
, uid
) ||
1320 !kgid_has_mapping(bprm
->cred
->user_ns
, gid
))
1323 if (mode
& S_ISUID
) {
1324 bprm
->per_clear
|= PER_CLEAR_ON_SETID
;
1325 bprm
->cred
->euid
= uid
;
1328 if ((mode
& (S_ISGID
| S_IXGRP
)) == (S_ISGID
| S_IXGRP
)) {
1329 bprm
->per_clear
|= PER_CLEAR_ON_SETID
;
1330 bprm
->cred
->egid
= gid
;
1335 * Fill the binprm structure from the inode.
1336 * Check permissions, then read the first 128 (BINPRM_BUF_SIZE) bytes
1338 * This may be called multiple times for binary chains (scripts for example).
1340 int prepare_binprm(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1344 bprm_fill_uid(bprm
);
1346 /* fill in binprm security blob */
1347 retval
= security_bprm_set_creds(bprm
);
1350 bprm
->cred_prepared
= 1;
1352 memset(bprm
->buf
, 0, BINPRM_BUF_SIZE
);
1353 return kernel_read(bprm
->file
, 0, bprm
->buf
, BINPRM_BUF_SIZE
);
1356 EXPORT_SYMBOL(prepare_binprm
);
1359 * Arguments are '\0' separated strings found at the location bprm->p
1360 * points to; chop off the first by relocating brpm->p to right after
1361 * the first '\0' encountered.
1363 int remove_arg_zero(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1366 unsigned long offset
;
1374 offset
= bprm
->p
& ~PAGE_MASK
;
1375 page
= get_arg_page(bprm
, bprm
->p
, 0);
1380 kaddr
= kmap_atomic(page
);
1382 for (; offset
< PAGE_SIZE
&& kaddr
[offset
];
1383 offset
++, bprm
->p
++)
1386 kunmap_atomic(kaddr
);
1389 if (offset
== PAGE_SIZE
)
1390 free_arg_page(bprm
, (bprm
->p
>> PAGE_SHIFT
) - 1);
1391 } while (offset
== PAGE_SIZE
);
1400 EXPORT_SYMBOL(remove_arg_zero
);
1402 #define printable(c) (((c)=='\t') || ((c)=='\n') || (0x20<=(c) && (c)<=0x7e))
1404 * cycle the list of binary formats handler, until one recognizes the image
1406 int search_binary_handler(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1408 bool need_retry
= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MODULES
);
1409 struct linux_binfmt
*fmt
;
1412 /* This allows 4 levels of binfmt rewrites before failing hard. */
1413 if (bprm
->recursion_depth
> 5)
1416 retval
= security_bprm_check(bprm
);
1422 read_lock(&binfmt_lock
);
1423 list_for_each_entry(fmt
, &formats
, lh
) {
1424 if (!try_module_get(fmt
->module
))
1426 read_unlock(&binfmt_lock
);
1427 bprm
->recursion_depth
++;
1428 retval
= fmt
->load_binary(bprm
);
1429 read_lock(&binfmt_lock
);
1431 bprm
->recursion_depth
--;
1432 if (retval
< 0 && !bprm
->mm
) {
1433 /* we got to flush_old_exec() and failed after it */
1434 read_unlock(&binfmt_lock
);
1435 force_sigsegv(SIGSEGV
, current
);
1438 if (retval
!= -ENOEXEC
|| !bprm
->file
) {
1439 read_unlock(&binfmt_lock
);
1443 read_unlock(&binfmt_lock
);
1446 if (printable(bprm
->buf
[0]) && printable(bprm
->buf
[1]) &&
1447 printable(bprm
->buf
[2]) && printable(bprm
->buf
[3]))
1449 if (request_module("binfmt-%04x", *(ushort
*)(bprm
->buf
+ 2)) < 0)
1457 EXPORT_SYMBOL(search_binary_handler
);
1459 static int exec_binprm(struct linux_binprm
*bprm
)
1461 pid_t old_pid
, old_vpid
;
1464 /* Need to fetch pid before load_binary changes it */
1465 old_pid
= current
->pid
;
1467 old_vpid
= task_pid_nr_ns(current
, task_active_pid_ns(current
->parent
));
1470 ret
= search_binary_handler(bprm
);
1473 trace_sched_process_exec(current
, old_pid
, bprm
);
1474 ptrace_event(PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC
, old_vpid
);
1475 proc_exec_connector(current
);
1482 * sys_execve() executes a new program.
1484 static int do_execveat_common(int fd
, struct filename
*filename
,
1485 struct user_arg_ptr argv
,
1486 struct user_arg_ptr envp
,
1489 char *pathbuf
= NULL
;
1490 struct linux_binprm
*bprm
;
1492 struct files_struct
*displaced
;
1495 if (IS_ERR(filename
))
1496 return PTR_ERR(filename
);
1499 * We move the actual failure in case of RLIMIT_NPROC excess from
1500 * set*uid() to execve() because too many poorly written programs
1501 * don't check setuid() return code. Here we additionally recheck
1502 * whether NPROC limit is still exceeded.
1504 if ((current
->flags
& PF_NPROC_EXCEEDED
) &&
1505 atomic_read(¤t_user()->processes
) > rlimit(RLIMIT_NPROC
)) {
1510 /* We're below the limit (still or again), so we don't want to make
1511 * further execve() calls fail. */
1512 current
->flags
&= ~PF_NPROC_EXCEEDED
;
1514 retval
= unshare_files(&displaced
);
1519 bprm
= kzalloc(sizeof(*bprm
), GFP_KERNEL
);
1523 retval
= prepare_bprm_creds(bprm
);
1527 check_unsafe_exec(bprm
);
1528 current
->in_execve
= 1;
1530 file
= do_open_execat(fd
, filename
, flags
);
1531 retval
= PTR_ERR(file
);
1538 if (fd
== AT_FDCWD
|| filename
->name
[0] == '/') {
1539 bprm
->filename
= filename
->name
;
1541 if (filename
->name
[0] == '\0')
1542 pathbuf
= kasprintf(GFP_TEMPORARY
, "/dev/fd/%d", fd
);
1544 pathbuf
= kasprintf(GFP_TEMPORARY
, "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
1545 fd
, filename
->name
);
1551 * Record that a name derived from an O_CLOEXEC fd will be
1552 * inaccessible after exec. Relies on having exclusive access to
1553 * current->files (due to unshare_files above).
1555 if (close_on_exec(fd
, rcu_dereference_raw(current
->files
->fdt
)))
1556 bprm
->interp_flags
|= BINPRM_FLAGS_PATH_INACCESSIBLE
;
1557 bprm
->filename
= pathbuf
;
1559 bprm
->interp
= bprm
->filename
;
1561 retval
= bprm_mm_init(bprm
);
1565 bprm
->argc
= count(argv
, MAX_ARG_STRINGS
);
1566 if ((retval
= bprm
->argc
) < 0)
1569 bprm
->envc
= count(envp
, MAX_ARG_STRINGS
);
1570 if ((retval
= bprm
->envc
) < 0)
1573 retval
= prepare_binprm(bprm
);
1577 retval
= copy_strings_kernel(1, &bprm
->filename
, bprm
);
1581 bprm
->exec
= bprm
->p
;
1582 retval
= copy_strings(bprm
->envc
, envp
, bprm
);
1586 retval
= copy_strings(bprm
->argc
, argv
, bprm
);
1590 retval
= exec_binprm(bprm
);
1594 /* execve succeeded */
1595 current
->fs
->in_exec
= 0;
1596 current
->in_execve
= 0;
1597 acct_update_integrals(current
);
1598 task_numa_free(current
);
1603 put_files_struct(displaced
);
1608 acct_arg_size(bprm
, 0);
1613 current
->fs
->in_exec
= 0;
1614 current
->in_execve
= 0;
1622 reset_files_struct(displaced
);
1628 int do_execve(struct filename
*filename
,
1629 const char __user
*const __user
*__argv
,
1630 const char __user
*const __user
*__envp
)
1632 struct user_arg_ptr argv
= { .ptr
.native
= __argv
};
1633 struct user_arg_ptr envp
= { .ptr
.native
= __envp
};
1634 return do_execveat_common(AT_FDCWD
, filename
, argv
, envp
, 0);
1637 int do_execveat(int fd
, struct filename
*filename
,
1638 const char __user
*const __user
*__argv
,
1639 const char __user
*const __user
*__envp
,
1642 struct user_arg_ptr argv
= { .ptr
.native
= __argv
};
1643 struct user_arg_ptr envp
= { .ptr
.native
= __envp
};
1645 return do_execveat_common(fd
, filename
, argv
, envp
, flags
);
1648 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
1649 static int compat_do_execve(struct filename
*filename
,
1650 const compat_uptr_t __user
*__argv
,
1651 const compat_uptr_t __user
*__envp
)
1653 struct user_arg_ptr argv
= {
1655 .ptr
.compat
= __argv
,
1657 struct user_arg_ptr envp
= {
1659 .ptr
.compat
= __envp
,
1661 return do_execveat_common(AT_FDCWD
, filename
, argv
, envp
, 0);
1664 static int compat_do_execveat(int fd
, struct filename
*filename
,
1665 const compat_uptr_t __user
*__argv
,
1666 const compat_uptr_t __user
*__envp
,
1669 struct user_arg_ptr argv
= {
1671 .ptr
.compat
= __argv
,
1673 struct user_arg_ptr envp
= {
1675 .ptr
.compat
= __envp
,
1677 return do_execveat_common(fd
, filename
, argv
, envp
, flags
);
1681 void set_binfmt(struct linux_binfmt
*new)
1683 struct mm_struct
*mm
= current
->mm
;
1686 module_put(mm
->binfmt
->module
);
1690 __module_get(new->module
);
1692 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_binfmt
);
1695 * set_dumpable stores three-value SUID_DUMP_* into mm->flags.
1697 void set_dumpable(struct mm_struct
*mm
, int value
)
1699 unsigned long old
, new;
1701 if (WARN_ON((unsigned)value
> SUID_DUMP_ROOT
))
1705 old
= ACCESS_ONCE(mm
->flags
);
1706 new = (old
& ~MMF_DUMPABLE_MASK
) | value
;
1707 } while (cmpxchg(&mm
->flags
, old
, new) != old
);
1710 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(execve
,
1711 const char __user
*, filename
,
1712 const char __user
*const __user
*, argv
,
1713 const char __user
*const __user
*, envp
)
1715 return do_execve(getname(filename
), argv
, envp
);
1718 SYSCALL_DEFINE5(execveat
,
1719 int, fd
, const char __user
*, filename
,
1720 const char __user
*const __user
*, argv
,
1721 const char __user
*const __user
*, envp
,
1724 int lookup_flags
= (flags
& AT_EMPTY_PATH
) ? LOOKUP_EMPTY
: 0;
1726 return do_execveat(fd
,
1727 getname_flags(filename
, lookup_flags
, NULL
),
1731 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
1732 COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE3(execve
, const char __user
*, filename
,
1733 const compat_uptr_t __user
*, argv
,
1734 const compat_uptr_t __user
*, envp
)
1736 return compat_do_execve(getname(filename
), argv
, envp
);
1739 COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE5(execveat
, int, fd
,
1740 const char __user
*, filename
,
1741 const compat_uptr_t __user
*, argv
,
1742 const compat_uptr_t __user
*, envp
,
1745 int lookup_flags
= (flags
& AT_EMPTY_PATH
) ? LOOKUP_EMPTY
: 0;
1747 return compat_do_execveat(fd
,
1748 getname_flags(filename
, lookup_flags
, NULL
),