drivers/spi/spi-bitbang-txrx.h

   1 /*
   2  * Mix this utility code with some glue code to get one of several types of
   3  * simple SPI master driver.  Two do polled word-at-a-time I/O:
   4  *
   5  *   -  GPIO/parport bitbangers.  Provide chipselect() and txrx_word[](),
   6  *      expanding the per-word routines from the inline templates below.
   7  *
   8  *   -  Drivers for controllers resembling bare shift registers.  Provide
   9  *      chipselect() and txrx_word[](), with custom setup()/cleanup() methods
  10  *      that use your controller's clock and chipselect registers.
  11  *
  12  * Some hardware works well with requests at spi_transfer scope:
  13  *
  14  *   -  Drivers leveraging smarter hardware, with fifos or DMA; or for half
  15  *      duplex (MicroWire) controllers.  Provide chipselect() and txrx_bufs(),
  16  *      and custom setup()/cleanup() methods.
  17  */
  18
  19 /*
  20  * The code that knows what GPIO pins do what should have declared four
  21  * functions, ideally as inlines, before including this header:
  22  *
  23  *  void setsck(struct spi_device *, int is_on);
  24  *  void setmosi(struct spi_device *, int is_on);
  25  *  int getmiso(struct spi_device *);
  26  *  void spidelay(unsigned);
  27  *
  28  * setsck()'s is_on parameter is a zero/nonzero boolean.
  29  *
  30  * setmosi()'s is_on parameter is a zero/nonzero boolean.
  31  *
  32  * getmiso() is required to return 0 or 1 only. Any other value is invalid
  33  * and will result in improper operation.
  34  *
  35  * A non-inlined routine would call bitbang_txrx_*() routines.  The
  36  * main loop could easily compile down to a handful of instructions,
  37  * especially if the delay is a NOP (to run at peak speed).
  38  *
  39  * Since this is software, the timings may not be exactly what your board's
  40  * chips need ... there may be several reasons you'd need to tweak timings
  41  * in these routines, not just to make it faster or slower to match a
  42  * particular CPU clock rate.
  43  */
  44
  45 static inline u32
  46 bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(struct spi_device *spi,
  47                 unsigned nsecs, unsigned cpol, unsigned flags,
  48                 u32 word, u8 bits)
  49 {
  50         /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_0; else this is SPI_MODE_2 */
  51
  52         u32 oldbit = (!(word & (1<<(bits-1)))) << 31;
  53         /* clock starts at inactive polarity */
  54         for (word <<= (32 - bits); likely(bits); bits--) {
  55
  56                 /* setup MSB (to slave) on trailing edge */
  57                 if ((flags & SPI_MASTER_NO_TX) == 0) {
  58                         if ((word & (1 << 31)) != oldbit) {
  59                                 setmosi(spi, word & (1 << 31));
  60                                 oldbit = word & (1 << 31);
  61                         }
  62                 }
  63                 spidelay(nsecs);        /* T(setup) */
  64
  65                 setsck(spi, !cpol);
  66                 spidelay(nsecs);
  67
  68                 /* sample MSB (from slave) on leading edge */
  69                 word <<= 1;
  70                 if ((flags & SPI_MASTER_NO_RX) == 0)
  71                         word |= getmiso(spi);
  72                 setsck(spi, cpol);
  73         }
  74         return word;
  75 }
  76
  77 static inline u32
  78 bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(struct spi_device *spi,
  79                 unsigned nsecs, unsigned cpol, unsigned flags,
  80                 u32 word, u8 bits)
  81 {
  82         /* if (cpol == 0) this is SPI_MODE_1; else this is SPI_MODE_3 */
  83
  84         u32 oldbit = (!(word & (1<<(bits-1)))) << 31;
  85         /* clock starts at inactive polarity */
  86         for (word <<= (32 - bits); likely(bits); bits--) {
  87
  88                 /* setup MSB (to slave) on leading edge */
  89                 setsck(spi, !cpol);
  90                 if ((flags & SPI_MASTER_NO_TX) == 0) {
  91                         if ((word & (1 << 31)) != oldbit) {
  92                                 setmosi(spi, word & (1 << 31));
  93                                 oldbit = word & (1 << 31);
  94                         }
  95                 }
  96                 spidelay(nsecs); /* T(setup) */
  97
  98                 setsck(spi, cpol);
  99                 spidelay(nsecs);
 100
 101                 /* sample MSB (from slave) on trailing edge */
 102                 word <<= 1;
 103                 if ((flags & SPI_MASTER_NO_RX) == 0)
 104                         word |= getmiso(spi);
 105         }
 106         return word;
 107 }