2 Authorizing (or not) your USB devices to connect to the system
4 (C) 2007 Inaky Perez-Gonzalez <inaky@linux.intel.com> Intel Corporation
6 This feature allows you to control if a USB device can be used (or
7 not) in a system. This feature will allow you to implement a lock-down
8 of USB devices, fully controlled by user space.
10 As of now, when a USB device is connected it is configured and
11 its interfaces are immediately made available to the users. With this
12 modification, only if root authorizes the device to be configured will
13 then it be possible to use it.
17 Authorize a device to connect:
19 $ echo 1 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/DEVICE/authorized
23 $ echo 0 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/DEVICE/authorized
25 Set new devices connected to hostX to be deauthorized by default (ie:
28 $ echo 0 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/usbX/authorized_default
32 $ echo 1 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/usbX/authorized_default
34 By default, Wired USB devices are authorized by default to
35 connect. Wireless USB hosts deauthorize by default all new connected
36 devices (this is so because we need to do an authentication phase
37 before authorizing). Writing "2" to the authorized_default attribute
38 causes kernel to only authorize by default devices connected to internal
42 Example system lockdown (lame)
43 -----------------------
45 Imagine you want to implement a lockdown so only devices of type XYZ
46 can be connected (for example, it is a kiosk machine with a visible
52 for host in /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb*
54 echo 0 > $host/authorized_default
57 Hookup an script to udev, for new USB devices
59 if device_is_my_type $DEV
61 echo 1 > $device_path/authorized
65 Now, device_is_my_type() is where the juice for a lockdown is. Just
66 checking if the class, type and protocol match something is the worse
67 security verification you can make (or the best, for someone willing
68 to break it). If you need something secure, use crypto and Certificate
69 Authentication or stuff like that. Something simple for an storage key
72 function device_is_my_type()
74 echo 1 > authorized # temporarily authorize it
75 # FIXME: make sure none can mount it
76 mount DEVICENODE /mntpoint
77 sum=$(md5sum /mntpoint/.signature)
78 if [ $sum = $(cat /etc/lockdown/keysum) ]
80 echo "We are good, connected"
82 # Other stuff so others can use it
89 Of course, this is lame, you'd want to do a real certificate
90 verification stuff with PKI, so you don't depend on a shared secret,
91 etc, but you get the idea. Anybody with access to a device gadget kit
92 can fake descriptors and device info. Don't trust that. You are
96 Interface authorization
97 -----------------------
98 There is a similar approach to allow or deny specific USB interfaces.
99 That allows to block only a subset of an USB device.
101 Authorize an interface:
102 $ echo 1 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/INTERFACE/authorized
104 Deauthorize an interface:
105 $ echo 0 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/INTERFACE/authorized
107 The default value for new interfaces
108 on a particular USB bus can be changed, too.
110 Allow interfaces per default:
111 $ echo 1 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/usbX/interface_authorized_default
113 Deny interfaces per default:
114 $ echo 0 > /sys/bus/usb/devices/usbX/interface_authorized_default
116 Per default the interface_authorized_default bit is 1.
117 So all interfaces would authorized per default.
120 If a deauthorized interface will be authorized so the driver probing must
121 be triggered manually by writing INTERFACE to /sys/bus/usb/drivers_probe
123 For drivers that need multiple interfaces all needed interfaces should be
124 authorized first. After that the drivers should be probed.
125 This avoids side effects.