1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
10 The Radio Data System transmits supplementary information in binary
11 format, for example the station name or travel information, on an
12 inaudible audio subcarrier of a radio program. This interface is aimed
13 at devices capable of receiving and/or transmitting RDS information.
15 For more information see the core RDS standard :ref:`iec62106` and the
16 RBDS standard :ref:`nrsc4`.
20 Note that the RBDS standard as is used in the USA is almost
21 identical to the RDS standard. Any RDS decoder/encoder can also handle
22 RBDS. Only some of the fields have slightly different meanings. See the
23 RBDS standard for more information.
25 The RBDS standard also specifies support for MMBS (Modified Mobile
26 Search). This is a proprietary format which seems to be discontinued.
27 The RDS interface does not support this format. Should support for MMBS
28 (or the so-called 'E blocks' in general) be needed, then please contact
29 the linux-media mailing list:
30 `https://linuxtv.org/lists.php <https://linuxtv.org/lists.php>`__.
35 Devices supporting the RDS capturing API set the
36 ``V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE`` flag in the ``capabilities`` field of struct
37 :c:type:`v4l2_capability` returned by the
38 :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP` ioctl. Any tuner that
39 supports RDS will set the ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS`` flag in the
40 ``capability`` field of struct :c:type:`v4l2_tuner`. If the
41 driver only passes RDS blocks without interpreting the data the
42 ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS_BLOCK_IO`` flag has to be set, see
43 :ref:`Reading RDS data <reading-rds-data>`. For future use the flag
44 ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS_CONTROLS`` has also been defined. However, a driver
45 for a radio tuner with this capability does not yet exist, so if you are
46 planning to write such a driver you should discuss this on the
47 linux-media mailing list:
48 `https://linuxtv.org/lists.php <https://linuxtv.org/lists.php>`__.
50 Whether an RDS signal is present can be detected by looking at the
51 ``rxsubchans`` field of struct :c:type:`v4l2_tuner`: the
52 ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS`` will be set if RDS data was detected.
54 Devices supporting the RDS output API set the ``V4L2_CAP_RDS_OUTPUT``
55 flag in the ``capabilities`` field of struct
56 :c:type:`v4l2_capability` returned by the
57 :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP` ioctl. Any modulator that
58 supports RDS will set the ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS`` flag in the
59 ``capability`` field of struct
60 :c:type:`v4l2_modulator`. In order to enable the RDS
61 transmission one must set the ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS`` bit in the
62 ``txsubchans`` field of struct
63 :c:type:`v4l2_modulator`. If the driver only passes RDS
64 blocks without interpreting the data the ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS_BLOCK_IO``
65 flag has to be set. If the tuner is capable of handling RDS entities
66 like program identification codes and radio text, the flag
67 ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS_CONTROLS`` should be set, see
68 :ref:`Writing RDS data <writing-rds-data>` and
69 :ref:`FM Transmitter Control Reference <fm-tx-controls>`.
76 RDS data can be read from the radio device with the
77 :c:func:`read()` function. The data is packed in groups of
85 RDS data can be written to the radio device with the
86 :c:func:`write()` function. The data is packed in groups of
87 three bytes, as follows:
92 .. c:type:: v4l2_rds_data
94 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{2.5cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{12.5cm}|
96 .. flat-table:: struct v4l2_rds_data
103 - Least Significant Byte of RDS Block
106 - Most Significant Byte of RDS Block
114 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{2.9cm}|p{14.6cm}|
116 .. flat-table:: Block description
122 - Block (aka offset) of the received data.
124 - Deprecated. Currently identical to bits 0-2. Do not use these
127 - Corrected bit. Indicates that an error was corrected for this data
130 - Error bit. Indicates that an uncorrectable error occurred during
131 reception of this block.
134 .. _v4l2-rds-block-codes:
136 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.4cm}|p{2.0cm}|p{1.2cm}|p{7.9cm}|
138 .. flat-table:: Block defines
143 * - V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_MSK
146 - Mask for bits 0-2 to get the block ID.
163 * - V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_C_ALT
167 * - V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_INVALID
171 * - V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_CORRECTED
174 - A bit error was detected but corrected.
175 * - V4L2_RDS_BLOCK_ERROR
178 - An uncorrectable error occurred.