1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
10 Input and output devices support the :c:func:`read()` and
11 :c:func:`write()` function, respectively, when the
12 ``V4L2_CAP_READWRITE`` flag in the ``capabilities`` field of struct
13 :c:type:`v4l2_capability` returned by the
14 :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP` ioctl is set.
16 Drivers may need the CPU to copy the data, but they may also support DMA
17 to or from user memory, so this I/O method is not necessarily less
18 efficient than other methods merely exchanging buffer pointers. It is
19 considered inferior though because no meta-information like frame
20 counters or timestamps are passed. This information is necessary to
21 recognize frame dropping and to synchronize with other data streams.
22 However this is also the simplest I/O method, requiring little or no
23 setup to exchange data. It permits command line stunts like this (the
24 vidctrl tool is fictitious):
28 $ vidctrl /dev/video --input=0 --format=YUYV --size=352x288
29 $ dd if=/dev/video of=myimage.422 bs=202752 count=1
31 To read from the device applications use the :c:func:`read()`
32 function, to write the :c:func:`write()` function. Drivers
33 must implement one I/O method if they exchange data with applications,
34 but it need not be this. [#f1]_ When reading or writing is supported, the
35 driver must also support the :c:func:`select()` and
36 :c:func:`poll()` function. [#f2]_
39 It would be desirable if applications could depend on drivers
40 supporting all I/O interfaces, but as much as the complex memory
41 mapping I/O can be inadequate for some devices we have no reason to
42 require this interface, which is most useful for simple applications
43 capturing still images.
46 At the driver level :c:func:`select()` and :c:func:`poll()` are
47 the same, and :c:func:`select()` is too important to be optional.