2 * arch/alpha/lib/ev6-divide.S
4 * 21264 version contributed by Rick Gorton <rick.gorton@alpha-processor.com>
10 * The alpha chip doesn't provide hardware division, so we have to do it
11 * by hand. The compiler expects the functions
13 * __divqu: 64-bit unsigned long divide
14 * __remqu: 64-bit unsigned long remainder
15 * __divqs/__remqs: signed 64-bit
16 * __divlu/__remlu: unsigned 32-bit
17 * __divls/__remls: signed 32-bit
19 * These are not normal C functions: instead of the normal
20 * calling sequence, these expect their arguments in registers
21 * $24 and $25, and return the result in $27. Register $28 may
22 * be clobbered (assembly temporary), anything else must be saved.
26 * This is a rather simple bit-at-a-time algorithm: it's very good
27 * at dividing random 64-bit numbers, but the more usual case where
28 * the divisor is small is handled better by the DEC algorithm
29 * using lookup tables. This uses much less memory, though, and is
30 * nicer on the cache.. Besides, I don't know the copyright status
37 * $1 - shifted divisor
38 * $2 - modulus/quotient
40 * $23 - return address
44 * $27 - quotient/modulus
45 * $28 - compare status
47 * Much of the information about 21264 scheduling/coding comes from:
48 * Compiler Writer's Guide for the Alpha 21264
49 * abbreviated as 'CWG' in other comments here
50 * ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/semiconductor/literature/dsc-library.html
51 * Scheduling notation:
53 * U - upper subcluster; U0 - subcluster U0; U1 - subcluster U1
54 * L - lower subcluster; L0 - subcluster L0; L1 - subcluster L1
55 * Try not to change the actual algorithm if possible for consistency.
58 #include <asm/export.h>
62 * Select function type and registers
71 #define DIV_ONLY(x,y...) x,##y
72 #define MOD_ONLY(x,y...)
73 #define func(x) __div##x
76 #define GETSIGN(x) xor $24,$25,x
79 #define DIV_ONLY(x,y...)
80 #define MOD_ONLY(x,y...) x,##y
81 #define func(x) __rem##x
84 #define GETSIGN(x) bis $24,$24,x
89 * For 32-bit operations, we need to extend to 64-bit
92 #define ufunction func(lu)
93 #define sfunction func(l)
94 #define LONGIFY(x) zapnot x,15,x
95 #define SLONGIFY(x) addl x,0,x
97 #define ufunction func(qu)
98 #define sfunction func(q)
108 subq $30,STACK,$30 # E :
112 7: stq $1, 0($30) # L :
113 bis $25,$25,divisor # E :
114 stq $2, 8($30) # L : L U L U
116 bis $24,$24,modulus # E :
118 bis $31,$31,quotient # E :
119 LONGIFY(divisor) # E : U L L U
121 stq tmp1,24($30) # L :
122 LONGIFY(modulus) # E :
124 DIV_ONLY(stq tmp2,32($30)) # L : L U U L
126 beq divisor, 9f /* div by zero */
128 * In spite of the DIV_ONLY being either a non-instruction
129 * or an actual stq, the addition of the .align directive
130 * below ensures that label 1 is going to be nicely aligned
136 * shift divisor left, using 3-bit shifts for
137 * 32-bit divides as we can't overflow. Three-bit
138 * shifts will result in looping three times less
139 * here, but can result in two loops more later.
140 * Thus using a large shift isn't worth it (and
141 * s8add pairs better than a sll..)
143 1: cmpult divisor,modulus,compare # E :
144 s8addq divisor,$31,divisor # E :
145 s8addq mask,$31,mask # E :
146 bne compare,1b # U : U L U L
148 1: cmpult divisor,modulus,compare # E :
151 blt divisor, 2f # U : U L U L
153 addq divisor,divisor,divisor # E :
154 addq mask,mask,mask # E :
156 bne compare,1b # U : U L U L
159 /* ok, start to go right again.. */
162 * Keep things nicely bundled... use a nop instead of not
163 * having an instruction for DIV_ONLY
166 DIV_ONLY(addq quotient,mask,tmp2) # E :
170 srl mask,1,mask # U :
171 cmpule divisor,modulus,compare # E :
172 subq modulus,divisor,tmp1 # E :
175 DIV_ONLY(cmovne compare,tmp2,quotient) # E : Latency 2, extra map slot
176 nop # E : as part of the cmovne
177 srl divisor,1,divisor # U :
181 cmovne compare,tmp1,modulus # E : Latency 2, extra map slot
182 nop # E : as part of the cmovne
183 bne mask,2b # U : U L U L
185 srl divisor,1,divisor # U :
186 cmovne compare,tmp1,modulus # E : Latency 2, extra map slot
187 nop # E : as part of the cmovne
188 bne mask,2b # U : U L L U
191 9: ldq $1, 0($30) # L :
197 ldq tmp1,24($30) # L :
202 DIV_ONLY(ldq tmp2,32($30)) # L :
206 addq $30,STACK,$30 # E :
207 ret $31,($23),1 # L0 : L U U L
209 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ufunction)
212 * Uhh.. Ugly signed division. I'd rather not have it at all, but
213 * it's needed in some circumstances. There are different ways to
214 * handle this, really. This does:
215 * -a / b = a / -b = -(a / b)
218 * which is probably not the best solution, but at least should
219 * have the property that (x/y)*y + (x%y) = x.
225 subq $30,STACK,$30 # E :
228 bis $24,$25,$28 # E :
233 subq $31,$24,$28 # E :
237 cmovlt $24,$28,$24 /* abs($24) */ # E : Latency 2, extra map slot
238 nop # E : as part of the cmov
239 stq $23,16($30) # L :
240 subq $31,$25,$28 # E : U L U L
242 stq tmp1,24($30) # L :
243 cmovlt $25,$28,$25 /* abs($25) */ # E : Latency 2, extra map slot
245 bsr $23,ufunction # L0: L U L U
250 subq $31,$27,tmp1 # E : U U L L
253 ldq $23,16($30) # L :
254 cmovlt $28,tmp1,$27 # E : Latency 2, extra map slot
255 nop # E : U L L U : as part of the cmov
257 ldq tmp1,24($30) # L :
258 nop # E : as part of the cmov
259 addq $30,STACK,$30 # E :
260 ret $31,($23),1 # L0 : L U U L
262 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sfunction)