1 Most (all) Intel-MP compliant SMP boards have the so-called 'IO-APIC',
2 which is an enhanced interrupt controller. It enables us to route
3 hardware interrupts to multiple CPUs, or to CPU groups. Without an
4 IO-APIC, interrupts from hardware will be delivered only to the
5 CPU which boots the operating system (usually CPU#0).
7 Linux supports all variants of compliant SMP boards, including ones with
8 multiple IO-APICs. Multiple IO-APICs are used in high-end servers to
9 distribute IRQ load further.
11 There are (a few) known breakages in certain older boards, such bugs are
12 usually worked around by the kernel. If your MP-compliant SMP board does
13 not boot Linux, then consult the linux-smp mailing list archives first.
15 If your box boots fine with enabled IO-APIC IRQs, then your
16 /proc/interrupts will look like this one:
18 ---------------------------->
19 hell:~> cat /proc/interrupts
21 0: 1360293 IO-APIC-edge timer
22 1: 4 IO-APIC-edge keyboard
25 14: 1448 IO-APIC-edge ide0
26 16: 28232 IO-APIC-level Intel EtherExpress Pro 10/100 Ethernet
27 17: 51304 IO-APIC-level eth0
31 <----------------------------
33 Some interrupts are still listed as 'XT PIC', but this is not a problem;
34 none of those IRQ sources is performance-critical.
37 In the unlikely case that your board does not create a working mp-table,
38 you can use the pirq= boot parameter to 'hand-construct' IRQ entries. This
39 is non-trivial though and cannot be automated. One sample /etc/lilo.conf
42 append="pirq=15,11,10"
44 The actual numbers depend on your system, on your PCI cards and on their
45 PCI slot position. Usually PCI slots are 'daisy chained' before they are
46 connected to the PCI chipset IRQ routing facility (the incoming PIRQ1-4
50 PIRQ4 ----| |-. ,-| |-. ,-| |-. ,-| |--------| |
51 |S| \ / |S| \ / |S| \ / |S| |S|
52 PIRQ3 ----|l|-. `/---|l|-. `/---|l|-. `/---|l|--------|l|
53 |o| \/ |o| \/ |o| \/ |o| |o|
54 PIRQ2 ----|t|-./`----|t|-./`----|t|-./`----|t|--------|t|
55 |1| /\ |2| /\ |3| /\ |4| |5|
56 PIRQ1 ----| |- `----| |- `----| |- `----| |--------| |
59 Every PCI card emits a PCI IRQ, which can be INTA, INTB, INTC or INTD:
71 These INTA-D PCI IRQs are always 'local to the card', their real meaning
72 depends on which slot they are in. If you look at the daisy chaining diagram,
73 a card in slot4, issuing INTA IRQ, it will end up as a signal on PIRQ4 of
74 the PCI chipset. Most cards issue INTA, this creates optimal distribution
75 between the PIRQ lines. (distributing IRQ sources properly is not a
76 necessity, PCI IRQs can be shared at will, but it's a good for performance
77 to have non shared interrupts). Slot5 should be used for videocards, they
78 do not use interrupts normally, thus they are not daisy chained either.
80 so if you have your SCSI card (IRQ11) in Slot1, Tulip card (IRQ9) in
81 Slot2, then you'll have to specify this pirq= line:
85 the following script tries to figure out such a default pirq= line from
86 your PCI configuration:
88 echo -n pirq=; echo `scanpci | grep T_L | cut -c56-` | sed 's/ /,/g'
90 note that this script won't work if you have skipped a few slots or if your
91 board does not do default daisy-chaining. (or the IO-APIC has the PIRQ pins
92 connected in some strange way). E.g. if in the above case you have your SCSI
93 card (IRQ11) in Slot3, and have Slot1 empty:
97 [value '0' is a generic 'placeholder', reserved for empty (or non-IRQ emitting)
100 Generally, it's always possible to find out the correct pirq= settings, just
101 permute all IRQ numbers properly ... it will take some time though. An
102 'incorrect' pirq line will cause the booting process to hang, or a device
103 won't function properly (e.g. if it's inserted as a module).
105 If you have 2 PCI buses, then you can use up to 8 pirq values, although such
106 boards tend to have a good configuration.
108 Be prepared that it might happen that you need some strange pirq line:
110 append="pirq=0,0,0,0,0,0,9,11"
112 Use smart trial-and-error techniques to find out the correct pirq line ...
114 Good luck and mail to linux-smp@vger.kernel.org or
115 linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org if you have any problems that are not covered