sound/sound_core.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
   2 /*
   3  *      Sound core.  This file is composed of two parts.  sound_class
   4  *      which is common to both OSS and ALSA and OSS sound core which
   5  *      is used OSS or emulation of it.
   6  */
   7
   8 /*
   9  * First, the common part.
  10  */
  11 #include <linux/module.h>
  12 #include <linux/device.h>
  13 #include <linux/err.h>
  14 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
  15 #include <linux/major.h>
  16 #include <sound/core.h>
  17
  18 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE
  19 static int __init init_oss_soundcore(void);
  20 static void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void);
  21 #else
  22 static inline int init_oss_soundcore(void)      { return 0; }
  23 static inline void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void)  { }
  24 #endif
  25
  26 struct class *sound_class;
  27 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sound_class);
  28
  29 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Core sound module");
  30 MODULE_AUTHOR("Alan Cox");
  31 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
  32
  33 static char *sound_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
  34 {
  35         if (MAJOR(dev->devt) == SOUND_MAJOR)
  36                 return NULL;
  37         return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "snd/%s", dev_name(dev));
  38 }
  39
  40 static int __init init_soundcore(void)
  41 {
  42         int rc;
  43
  44         rc = init_oss_soundcore();
  45         if (rc)
  46                 return rc;
  47
  48         sound_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "sound");
  49         if (IS_ERR(sound_class)) {
  50                 cleanup_oss_soundcore();
  51                 return PTR_ERR(sound_class);
  52         }
  53
  54         sound_class->devnode = sound_devnode;
  55
  56         return 0;
  57 }
  58
  59 static void __exit cleanup_soundcore(void)
  60 {
  61         cleanup_oss_soundcore();
  62         class_destroy(sound_class);
  63 }
  64
  65 subsys_initcall(init_soundcore);
  66 module_exit(cleanup_soundcore);
  67
  68
  69 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE
  70 /*
  71  *      OSS sound core handling. Breaks out sound functions to submodules
  72  *
  73  *      Author:         Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
  74  *
  75  *      Fixes:
  76  *
  77  *                         --------------------
  78  *
  79  *      Top level handler for the sound subsystem. Various devices can
  80  *      plug into this. The fact they don't all go via OSS doesn't mean
  81  *      they don't have to implement the OSS API. There is a lot of logic
  82  *      to keeping much of the OSS weight out of the code in a compatibility
  83  *      module, but it's up to the driver to rember to load it...
  84  *
  85  *      The code provides a set of functions for registration of devices
  86  *      by type. This is done rather than providing a single call so that
  87  *      we can hide any future changes in the internals (eg when we go to
  88  *      32bit dev_t) from the modules and their interface.
  89  *
  90  *      Secondly we need to allocate the dsp, dsp16 and audio devices as
  91  *      one. Thus we misuse the chains a bit to simplify this.
  92  *
  93  *      Thirdly to make it more fun and for 2.3.x and above we do all
  94  *      of this using fine grained locking.
  95  *
  96  *      FIXME: we have to resolve modules and fine grained load/unload
  97  *      locking at some point in 2.3.x.
  98  */
  99
 100 #include <linux/init.h>
 101 #include <linux/slab.h>
 102 #include <linux/types.h>
 103 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 104 #include <linux/sound.h>
 105 #include <linux/kmod.h>
 106
 107 #define SOUND_STEP 16
 108
 109 struct sound_unit
 110 {
 111         int unit_minor;
 112         const struct file_operations *unit_fops;
 113         struct sound_unit *next;
 114         char name[32];
 115 };
 116
 117 /*
 118  * By default, OSS sound_core claims full legacy minor range (0-255)
 119  * of SOUND_MAJOR to trap open attempts to any sound minor and
 120  * requests modules using custom sound-slot/service-* module aliases.
 121  * The only benefit of doing this is allowing use of custom module
 122  * aliases instead of the standard char-major-* ones.  This behavior
 123  * prevents alternative OSS implementation and is scheduled to be
 124  * removed.
 125  *
 126  * CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE_PRECLAIM and soundcore.preclaim_oss kernel
 127  * parameter are added to allow distros and developers to try and
 128  * switch to alternative implementations without needing to rebuild
 129  * the kernel in the meantime.  If preclaim_oss is non-zero, the
 130  * kernel will behave the same as before.  All SOUND_MAJOR minors are
 131  * preclaimed and the custom module aliases along with standard chrdev
 132  * ones are emitted if a missing device is opened.  If preclaim_oss is
 133  * zero, sound_core only grabs what's actually in use and for missing
 134  * devices only the standard chrdev aliases are requested.
 135  *
 136  * All these clutters are scheduled to be removed along with
 137  * sound-slot/service-* module aliases.
 138  */
 139 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE_PRECLAIM
 140 static int preclaim_oss = 1;
 141 #else
 142 static int preclaim_oss = 0;
 143 #endif
 144
 145 module_param(preclaim_oss, int, 0444);
 146
 147 static int soundcore_open(struct inode *, struct file *);
 148
 149 static const struct file_operations soundcore_fops =
 150 {
 151         /* We must have an owner or the module locking fails */
 152         .owner  = THIS_MODULE,
 153         .open   = soundcore_open,
 154         .llseek = noop_llseek,
 155 };
 156
 157 /*
 158  *      Low level list operator. Scan the ordered list, find a hole and
 159  *      join into it. Called with the lock asserted
 160  */
 161
 162 static int __sound_insert_unit(struct sound_unit * s, struct sound_unit **list, const struct file_operations *fops, int index, int low, int top)
 163 {
 164         int n=low;
 165
 166         if (index < 0) {        /* first free */
 167
 168                 while (*list && (*list)->unit_minor<n)
 169                         list=&((*list)->next);
 170
 171                 while(n<top)
 172                 {
 173                         /* Found a hole ? */
 174                         if(*list==NULL || (*list)->unit_minor>n)
 175                                 break;
 176                         list=&((*list)->next);
 177                         n+=SOUND_STEP;
 178                 }
 179
 180                 if(n>=top)
 181                         return -ENOENT;
 182         } else {
 183                 n = low+(index*16);
 184                 while (*list) {
 185                         if ((*list)->unit_minor==n)
 186                                 return -EBUSY;
 187                         if ((*list)->unit_minor>n)
 188                                 break;
 189                         list=&((*list)->next);
 190                 }
 191         }
 192
 193         /*
 194          *      Fill it in
 195          */
 196
 197         s->unit_minor=n;
 198         s->unit_fops=fops;
 199
 200         /*
 201          *      Link it
 202          */
 203
 204         s->next=*list;
 205         *list=s;
 206
 207
 208         return n;
 209 }
 210
 211 /*
 212  *      Remove a node from the chain. Called with the lock asserted
 213  */
 214
 215 static struct sound_unit *__sound_remove_unit(struct sound_unit **list, int unit)
 216 {
 217         while(*list)
 218         {
 219                 struct sound_unit *p=*list;
 220                 if(p->unit_minor==unit)
 221                 {
 222                         *list=p->next;
 223                         return p;
 224                 }
 225                 list=&(p->next);
 226         }
 227         printk(KERN_ERR "Sound device %d went missing!\n", unit);
 228         return NULL;
 229 }
 230
 231 /*
 232  *      This lock guards the sound loader list.
 233  */
 234
 235 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(sound_loader_lock);
 236
 237 /*
 238  *      Allocate the controlling structure and add it to the sound driver
 239  *      list. Acquires locks as needed
 240  */
 241
 242 static int sound_insert_unit(struct sound_unit **list, const struct file_operations *fops, int index, int low, int top, const char *name, umode_t mode, struct device *dev)
 243 {
 244         struct sound_unit *s = kmalloc(sizeof(*s), GFP_KERNEL);
 245         int r;
 246
 247         if (!s)
 248                 return -ENOMEM;
 249
 250         spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
 251 retry:
 252         r = __sound_insert_unit(s, list, fops, index, low, top);
 253         spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
 254
 255         if (r < 0)
 256                 goto fail;
 257         else if (r < SOUND_STEP)
 258                 sprintf(s->name, "sound/%s", name);
 259         else
 260                 sprintf(s->name, "sound/%s%d", name, r / SOUND_STEP);
 261
 262         if (!preclaim_oss) {
 263                 /*
 264                  * Something else might have grabbed the minor.  If
 265                  * first free slot is requested, rescan with @low set
 266                  * to the next unit; otherwise, -EBUSY.
 267                  */
 268                 r = __register_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, s->unit_minor, 1, s->name,
 269                                       &soundcore_fops);
 270                 if (r < 0) {
 271                         spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
 272                         __sound_remove_unit(list, s->unit_minor);
 273                         if (index < 0) {
 274                                 low = s->unit_minor + SOUND_STEP;
 275                                 goto retry;
 276                         }
 277                         spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
 278                         return -EBUSY;
 279                 }
 280         }
 281
 282         device_create(sound_class, dev, MKDEV(SOUND_MAJOR, s->unit_minor),
 283                       NULL, "%s", s->name+6);
 284         return s->unit_minor;
 285
 286 fail:
 287         kfree(s);
 288         return r;
 289 }
 290
 291 /*
 292  *      Remove a unit. Acquires locks as needed. The drivers MUST have
 293  *      completed the removal before their file operations become
 294  *      invalid.
 295  */
 296
 297 static void sound_remove_unit(struct sound_unit **list, int unit)
 298 {
 299         struct sound_unit *p;
 300
 301         spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
 302         p = __sound_remove_unit(list, unit);
 303         spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
 304         if (p) {
 305                 if (!preclaim_oss)
 306                         __unregister_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, p->unit_minor, 1,
 307                                             p->name);
 308                 device_destroy(sound_class, MKDEV(SOUND_MAJOR, p->unit_minor));
 309                 kfree(p);
 310         }
 311 }
 312
 313 /*
 314  *      Allocations
 315  *
 316  *      0       *16             Mixers
 317  *      1       *8              Sequencers
 318  *      2       *16             Midi
 319  *      3       *16             DSP
 320  *      4       *16             SunDSP
 321  *      5       *16             DSP16
 322  *      6       --              sndstat (obsolete)
 323  *      7       *16             unused
 324  *      8       --              alternate sequencer (see above)
 325  *      9       *16             raw synthesizer access
 326  *      10      *16             unused
 327  *      11      *16             unused
 328  *      12      *16             unused
 329  *      13      *16             unused
 330  *      14      *16             unused
 331  *      15      *16             unused
 332  */
 333
 334 static struct sound_unit *chains[SOUND_STEP];
 335
 336 /**
 337  *      register_sound_special_device - register a special sound node
 338  *      @fops: File operations for the driver
 339  *      @unit: Unit number to allocate
 340  *      @dev: device pointer
 341  *
 342  *      Allocate a special sound device by minor number from the sound
 343  *      subsystem.
 344  *
 345  *      Return: The allocated number is returned on success. On failure,
 346  *      a negative error code is returned.
 347  */
 348
 349 int register_sound_special_device(const struct file_operations *fops, int unit,
 350                                   struct device *dev)
 351 {
 352         const int chain = unit % SOUND_STEP;
 353         int max_unit = 256;
 354         const char *name;
 355         char _name[16];
 356
 357         switch (chain) {
 358             case 0:
 359                 name = "mixer";
 360                 break;
 361             case 1:
 362                 name = "sequencer";
 363                 if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
 364                         goto __unknown;
 365                 max_unit = unit + 1;
 366                 break;
 367             case 2:
 368                 name = "midi";
 369                 break;
 370             case 3:
 371                 name = "dsp";
 372                 break;
 373             case 4:
 374                 name = "audio";
 375                 break;
 376             case 5:
 377                 name = "dspW";
 378                 break;
 379             case 8:
 380                 name = "sequencer2";
 381                 if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
 382                         goto __unknown;
 383                 max_unit = unit + 1;
 384                 break;
 385             case 9:
 386                 name = "dmmidi";
 387                 break;
 388             case 10:
 389                 name = "dmfm";
 390                 break;
 391             case 12:
 392                 name = "adsp";
 393                 break;
 394             case 13:
 395                 name = "amidi";
 396                 break;
 397             case 14:
 398                 name = "admmidi";
 399                 break;
 400             default:
 401                 {
 402                     __unknown:
 403                         sprintf(_name, "unknown%d", chain);
 404                         if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
 405                                 strcat(_name, "-");
 406                         name = _name;
 407                 }
 408                 break;
 409         }
 410         return sound_insert_unit(&chains[chain], fops, -1, unit, max_unit,
 411                                  name, 0600, dev);
 412 }
 413
 414 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_special_device);
 415
 416 int register_sound_special(const struct file_operations *fops, int unit)
 417 {
 418         return register_sound_special_device(fops, unit, NULL);
 419 }
 420
 421 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_special);
 422
 423 /**
 424  *      register_sound_mixer - register a mixer device
 425  *      @fops: File operations for the driver
 426  *      @dev: Unit number to allocate
 427  *
 428  *      Allocate a mixer device. Unit is the number of the mixer requested.
 429  *      Pass -1 to request the next free mixer unit.
 430  *
 431  *      Return: On success, the allocated number is returned. On failure,
 432  *      a negative error code is returned.
 433  */
 434
 435 int register_sound_mixer(const struct file_operations *fops, int dev)
 436 {
 437         return sound_insert_unit(&chains[0], fops, dev, 0, 128,
 438                                  "mixer", 0600, NULL);
 439 }
 440
 441 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_mixer);
 442
 443 /*
 444  *      DSP's are registered as a triple. Register only one and cheat
 445  *      in open - see below.
 446  */
 447
 448 /**
 449  *      register_sound_dsp - register a DSP device
 450  *      @fops: File operations for the driver
 451  *      @dev: Unit number to allocate
 452  *
 453  *      Allocate a DSP device. Unit is the number of the DSP requested.
 454  *      Pass -1 to request the next free DSP unit.
 455  *
 456  *      This function allocates both the audio and dsp device entries together
 457  *      and will always allocate them as a matching pair - eg dsp3/audio3
 458  *
 459  *      Return: On success, the allocated number is returned. On failure,
 460  *      a negative error code is returned.
 461  */
 462
 463 int register_sound_dsp(const struct file_operations *fops, int dev)
 464 {
 465         return sound_insert_unit(&chains[3], fops, dev, 3, 131,
 466                                  "dsp", 0600, NULL);
 467 }
 468
 469 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_dsp);
 470
 471 /**
 472  *      unregister_sound_special - unregister a special sound device
 473  *      @unit: unit number to allocate
 474  *
 475  *      Release a sound device that was allocated with
 476  *      register_sound_special(). The unit passed is the return value from
 477  *      the register function.
 478  */
 479
 480
 481 void unregister_sound_special(int unit)
 482 {
 483         sound_remove_unit(&chains[unit % SOUND_STEP], unit);
 484 }
 485
 486 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_special);
 487
 488 /**
 489  *      unregister_sound_mixer - unregister a mixer
 490  *      @unit: unit number to allocate
 491  *
 492  *      Release a sound device that was allocated with register_sound_mixer().
 493  *      The unit passed is the return value from the register function.
 494  */
 495
 496 void unregister_sound_mixer(int unit)
 497 {
 498         sound_remove_unit(&chains[0], unit);
 499 }
 500
 501 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_mixer);
 502
 503 /**
 504  *      unregister_sound_dsp - unregister a DSP device
 505  *      @unit: unit number to allocate
 506  *
 507  *      Release a sound device that was allocated with register_sound_dsp().
 508  *      The unit passed is the return value from the register function.
 509  *
 510  *      Both of the allocated units are released together automatically.
 511  */
 512
 513 void unregister_sound_dsp(int unit)
 514 {
 515         sound_remove_unit(&chains[3], unit);
 516 }
 517
 518
 519 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_dsp);
 520
 521 static struct sound_unit *__look_for_unit(int chain, int unit)
 522 {
 523         struct sound_unit *s;
 524
 525         s=chains[chain];
 526         while(s && s->unit_minor <= unit)
 527         {
 528                 if(s->unit_minor==unit)
 529                         return s;
 530                 s=s->next;
 531         }
 532         return NULL;
 533 }
 534
 535 static int soundcore_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 536 {
 537         int chain;
 538         int unit = iminor(inode);
 539         struct sound_unit *s;
 540         const struct file_operations *new_fops = NULL;
 541
 542         chain=unit&0x0F;
 543         if(chain==4 || chain==5)        /* dsp/audio/dsp16 */
 544         {
 545                 unit&=0xF0;
 546                 unit|=3;
 547                 chain=3;
 548         }
 549
 550         spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
 551         s = __look_for_unit(chain, unit);
 552         if (s)
 553                 new_fops = fops_get(s->unit_fops);
 554         if (preclaim_oss && !new_fops) {
 555                 spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
 556
 557                 /*
 558                  *  Please, don't change this order or code.
 559                  *  For ALSA slot means soundcard and OSS emulation code
 560                  *  comes as add-on modules which aren't depend on
 561                  *  ALSA toplevel modules for soundcards, thus we need
 562                  *  load them at first.   [Jaroslav Kysela <perex@jcu.cz>]
 563                  */
 564                 request_module("sound-slot-%i", unit>>4);
 565                 request_module("sound-service-%i-%i", unit>>4, chain);
 566
 567                 /*
 568                  * sound-slot/service-* module aliases are scheduled
 569                  * for removal in favor of the standard char-major-*
 570                  * module aliases.  For the time being, generate both
 571                  * the legacy and standard module aliases to ease
 572                  * transition.
 573                  */
 574                 if (request_module("char-major-%d-%d", SOUND_MAJOR, unit) > 0)
 575                         request_module("char-major-%d", SOUND_MAJOR);
 576
 577                 spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
 578                 s = __look_for_unit(chain, unit);
 579                 if (s)
 580                         new_fops = fops_get(s->unit_fops);
 581         }
 582         spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
 583         if (new_fops) {
 584                 /*
 585                  * We rely upon the fact that we can't be unloaded while the
 586                  * subdriver is there.
 587                  */
 588                 int err = 0;
 589                 replace_fops(file, new_fops);
 590
 591                 if (file->f_op->open)
 592                         err = file->f_op->open(inode,file);
 593
 594                 return err;
 595         }
 596         return -ENODEV;
 597 }
 598
 599 MODULE_ALIAS_CHARDEV_MAJOR(SOUND_MAJOR);
 600
 601 static void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void)
 602 {
 603         /* We have nothing to really do here - we know the lists must be
 604            empty */
 605         unregister_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, "sound");
 606 }
 607
 608 static int __init init_oss_soundcore(void)
 609 {
 610         if (preclaim_oss &&
 611             register_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, "sound", &soundcore_fops) < 0) {
 612                 printk(KERN_ERR "soundcore: sound device already in use.\n");
 613                 return -EBUSY;
 614         }
 615
 616         return 0;
 617 }
 618
 619 #endif /* CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE */