arch/x86/kernel/setup.c

   1 /*
   2  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
   3  *
   4  *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
   5  *
   6  *  Memory region support
   7  *      David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
   8  *
   9  *  Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
  10  *  Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
  11  *
  12  * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
  13  *    Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
  14  *
  15  *  Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
  16  *  Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
  17  *
  18  */
  19
  20 /*
  21  * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
  22  */
  23
  24 #include <linux/sched.h>
  25 #include <linux/mm.h>
  26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
  27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
  28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
  29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
  30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
  31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
  32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
  33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
  34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
  35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
  36 #include <linux/console.h>
  37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
  38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
  39 #include <linux/module.h>
  40 #include <linux/efi.h>
  41 #include <linux/init.h>
  42 #include <linux/edd.h>
  43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
  44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
  45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
  46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
  47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
  48 #include <linux/pci.h>
  49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
  50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
  51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
  52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
  53
  54 #include <linux/errno.h>
  55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
  57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
  58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
  59 #include <linux/user.h>
  60 #include <linux/delay.h>
  61
  62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
  63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
  64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
  65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
  66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
  67
  68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
  69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
  70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
  71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
  72
  73 #include <video/edid.h>
  74
  75 #include <asm/mtrr.h>
  76 #include <asm/apic.h>
  77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
  78 #include <asm/e820.h>
  79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
  80 #include <asm/setup.h>
  81 #include <asm/efi.h>
  82 #include <asm/timer.h>
  83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
  84 #include <asm/sections.h>
  85 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
  86 #include <asm/ist.h>
  87 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
  88 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
  89 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  90 #include <asm/processor.h>
  91 #include <asm/bugs.h>
  92 #include <asm/kasan.h>
  93
  94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
  95 #include <asm/cpu.h>
  96 #include <asm/desc.h>
  97 #include <asm/dma.h>
  98 #include <asm/iommu.h>
  99 #include <asm/gart.h>
 100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 101 #include <asm/proto.h>
 102
 103 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
 104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
 105 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
 106
 107 #include <asm/percpu.h>
 108 #include <asm/topology.h>
 109 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
 110 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
 111 #include <asm/mce.h>
 112 #include <asm/alternative.h>
 113 #include <asm/prom.h>
 114 #include <asm/microcode.h>
 115 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 116
 117 /*
 118  * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
 119  * max_pfn_mapped:     highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB
 120  *
 121  * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
 122  * represented by pfn_mapped
 123  */
 124 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
 125 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
 126
 127 #ifdef CONFIG_DMI
 128 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
 129 #endif
 130
 131
 132 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
 133 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
 134
 135 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 136 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
 137 {
 138         return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
 139 }
 140
 141 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
 142 {
 143         return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
 144 }
 145 #endif
 146
 147 struct boot_params boot_params;
 148
 149 /*
 150  * Machine setup..
 151  */
 152 static struct resource data_resource = {
 153         .name   = "Kernel data",
 154         .start  = 0,
 155         .end    = 0,
 156         .flags  = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM
 157 };
 158
 159 static struct resource code_resource = {
 160         .name   = "Kernel code",
 161         .start  = 0,
 162         .end    = 0,
 163         .flags  = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM
 164 };
 165
 166 static struct resource bss_resource = {
 167         .name   = "Kernel bss",
 168         .start  = 0,
 169         .end    = 0,
 170         .flags  = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM
 171 };
 172
 173
 174 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 175 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
 176 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data = {
 177         .wp_works_ok = -1,
 178 };
 179 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
 180 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
 181         .wp_works_ok = -1,
 182 };
 183 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
 184
 185 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
 186
 187 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
 188 unsigned int machine_id;
 189 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
 190 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
 191
 192 struct apm_info apm_info;
 193 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
 194
 195 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
 196         defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
 197 struct ist_info ist_info;
 198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
 199 #else
 200 struct ist_info ist_info;
 201 #endif
 202
 203 #else
 204 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
 205         .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
 206 };
 207 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
 208 #endif
 209
 210
 211 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
 212 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
 213 #else
 214 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
 215 #endif
 216
 217 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
 218 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
 219
 220 /*
 221  * Setup options
 222  */
 223 struct screen_info screen_info;
 224 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
 225 struct edid_info edid_info;
 226 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
 227
 228 extern int root_mountflags;
 229
 230 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
 231
 232 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK        0x07FF
 233 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG             0x8000
 234 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG               0x4000
 235
 236 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
 237 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
 238 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
 239 #endif
 240
 241 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
 242 struct edd edd;
 243 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
 244 EXPORT_SYMBOL(edd);
 245 #endif
 246 /**
 247  * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
 248  *              from boot_params into a safe place.
 249  *
 250  */
 251 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
 252 {
 253      memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
 254             sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
 255      memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
 256      edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
 257      edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
 258 }
 259 #else
 260 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
 261 {
 262 }
 263 #endif
 264
 265 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
 266 {
 267         size_t mask = align - 1;
 268         void *ret;
 269
 270         BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
 271         BUG_ON(align & mask);
 272
 273         _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
 274         BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
 275
 276         ret = (void *)_brk_end;
 277         _brk_end += size;
 278
 279         memset(ret, 0, size);
 280
 281         return ret;
 282 }
 283
 284 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 285 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
 286 {
 287 }
 288 #endif
 289
 290 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
 291 {
 292         if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
 293                 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_brk_start),
 294                                  _brk_end - _brk_start);
 295
 296         /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
 297            new allocations */
 298         _brk_start = 0;
 299 }
 300
 301 u64 relocated_ramdisk;
 302
 303 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
 304
 305 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_image(void)
 306 {
 307         u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
 308
 309         ramdisk_image |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_image << 32;
 310
 311         return ramdisk_image;
 312 }
 313 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_size(void)
 314 {
 315         u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
 316
 317         ramdisk_size |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_size << 32;
 318
 319         return ramdisk_size;
 320 }
 321
 322 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
 323 {
 324         /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
 325         u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
 326         u64 ramdisk_size  = get_ramdisk_size();
 327         u64 area_size     = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
 328
 329         /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */
 330         relocated_ramdisk = memblock_find_in_range(0, PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped),
 331                                                    area_size, PAGE_SIZE);
 332
 333         if (!relocated_ramdisk)
 334                 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
 335                       ramdisk_size);
 336
 337         /* Note: this includes all the mem currently occupied by
 338            the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
 339         memblock_reserve(relocated_ramdisk, area_size);
 340         initrd_start = relocated_ramdisk + PAGE_OFFSET;
 341         initrd_end   = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
 342         printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
 343                relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1);
 344
 345         copy_from_early_mem((void *)initrd_start, ramdisk_image, ramdisk_size);
 346
 347         printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
 348                 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
 349                 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
 350                 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1);
 351 }
 352
 353 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void)
 354 {
 355         /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
 356         u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
 357         u64 ramdisk_size  = get_ramdisk_size();
 358         u64 ramdisk_end   = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
 359
 360         if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
 361             !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
 362                 return;         /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
 363
 364         memblock_reserve(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
 365 }
 366 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
 367 {
 368         /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
 369         u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
 370         u64 ramdisk_size  = get_ramdisk_size();
 371         u64 ramdisk_end   = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
 372         u64 mapped_size;
 373
 374         if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
 375             !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
 376                 return;         /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
 377
 378         initrd_start = 0;
 379
 380         mapped_size = memblock_mem_size(max_pfn_mapped);
 381         if (ramdisk_size >= (mapped_size>>1))
 382                 panic("initrd too large to handle, "
 383                        "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
 384                        ramdisk_size, mapped_size>>1);
 385
 386         printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image,
 387                         ramdisk_end - 1);
 388
 389         if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image),
 390                                 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) {
 391                 /* All are mapped, easy case */
 392                 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
 393                 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
 394                 return;
 395         }
 396
 397         relocate_initrd();
 398
 399         memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
 400 }
 401 #else
 402 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void)
 403 {
 404 }
 405 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
 406 {
 407 }
 408 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
 409
 410 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
 411 {
 412         struct setup_data *data;
 413         u64 pa_data, pa_next;
 414
 415         pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
 416         while (pa_data) {
 417                 u32 data_len, data_type;
 418
 419                 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
 420                 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
 421                 data_type = data->type;
 422                 pa_next = data->next;
 423                 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data));
 424
 425                 switch (data_type) {
 426                 case SETUP_E820_EXT:
 427                         parse_e820_ext(pa_data, data_len);
 428                         break;
 429                 case SETUP_DTB:
 430                         add_dtb(pa_data);
 431                         break;
 432                 case SETUP_EFI:
 433                         parse_efi_setup(pa_data, data_len);
 434                         break;
 435                 default:
 436                         break;
 437                 }
 438                 pa_data = pa_next;
 439         }
 440 }
 441
 442 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
 443 {
 444         struct setup_data *data;
 445         u64 pa_data;
 446
 447         pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
 448         if (!pa_data)
 449                 return;
 450
 451         while (pa_data) {
 452                 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
 453                 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
 454                          E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
 455                 pa_data = data->next;
 456                 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data));
 457         }
 458
 459         sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
 460         memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
 461         printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
 462         e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
 463 }
 464
 465 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
 466 {
 467         struct setup_data *data;
 468         u64 pa_data;
 469
 470         pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
 471         while (pa_data) {
 472                 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
 473                 memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len);
 474                 pa_data = data->next;
 475                 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data));
 476         }
 477 }
 478
 479 /*
 480  * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
 481  */
 482
 483 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
 484
 485 /* 16M alignment for crash kernel regions */
 486 #define CRASH_ALIGN             (16 << 20)
 487
 488 /*
 489  * Keep the crash kernel below this limit.  On 32 bits earlier kernels
 490  * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
 491  * On 64bit, old kexec-tools need to under 896MiB.
 492  */
 493 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 494 # define CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX     (512 << 20)
 495 # define CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX    (512 << 20)
 496 #else
 497 # define CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX     (896UL << 20)
 498 # define CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX    MAXMEM
 499 #endif
 500
 501 static int __init reserve_crashkernel_low(void)
 502 {
 503 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 504         unsigned long long base, low_base = 0, low_size = 0;
 505         unsigned long total_low_mem;
 506         int ret;
 507
 508         total_low_mem = memblock_mem_size(1UL << (32 - PAGE_SHIFT));
 509
 510         /* crashkernel=Y,low */
 511         ret = parse_crashkernel_low(boot_command_line, total_low_mem, &low_size, &base);
 512         if (ret) {
 513                 /*
 514                  * two parts from lib/swiotlb.c:
 515                  * -swiotlb size: user-specified with swiotlb= or default.
 516                  *
 517                  * -swiotlb overflow buffer: now hardcoded to 32k. We round it
 518                  * to 8M for other buffers that may need to stay low too. Also
 519                  * make sure we allocate enough extra low memory so that we
 520                  * don't run out of DMA buffers for 32-bit devices.
 521                  */
 522                 low_size = max(swiotlb_size_or_default() + (8UL << 20), 256UL << 20);
 523         } else {
 524                 /* passed with crashkernel=0,low ? */
 525                 if (!low_size)
 526                         return 0;
 527         }
 528
 529         low_base = memblock_find_in_range(low_size, 1ULL << 32, low_size, CRASH_ALIGN);
 530         if (!low_base) {
 531                 pr_err("Cannot reserve %ldMB crashkernel low memory, please try smaller size.\n",
 532                        (unsigned long)(low_size >> 20));
 533                 return -ENOMEM;
 534         }
 535
 536         ret = memblock_reserve(low_base, low_size);
 537         if (ret) {
 538                 pr_err("%s: Error reserving crashkernel low memblock.\n", __func__);
 539                 return ret;
 540         }
 541
 542         pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of low memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System low RAM: %ldMB)\n",
 543                 (unsigned long)(low_size >> 20),
 544                 (unsigned long)(low_base >> 20),
 545                 (unsigned long)(total_low_mem >> 20));
 546
 547         crashk_low_res.start = low_base;
 548         crashk_low_res.end   = low_base + low_size - 1;
 549         insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_low_res);
 550 #endif
 551         return 0;
 552 }
 553
 554 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
 555 {
 556         unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base, total_mem;
 557         bool high = false;
 558         int ret;
 559
 560         total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
 561
 562         /* crashkernel=XM */
 563         ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem, &crash_size, &crash_base);
 564         if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0) {
 565                 /* crashkernel=X,high */
 566                 ret = parse_crashkernel_high(boot_command_line, total_mem,
 567                                              &crash_size, &crash_base);
 568                 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
 569                         return;
 570                 high = true;
 571         }
 572
 573         /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
 574         if (crash_base <= 0) {
 575                 /*
 576                  *  kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
 577                  */
 578                 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(CRASH_ALIGN,
 579                                                     high ? CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX
 580                                                          : CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX,
 581                                                     crash_size, CRASH_ALIGN);
 582                 if (!crash_base) {
 583                         pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
 584                         return;
 585                 }
 586
 587         } else {
 588                 unsigned long long start;
 589
 590                 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base,
 591                                                crash_base + crash_size,
 592                                                crash_size, 1 << 20);
 593                 if (start != crash_base) {
 594                         pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
 595                         return;
 596                 }
 597         }
 598         ret = memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size);
 599         if (ret) {
 600                 pr_err("%s: Error reserving crashkernel memblock.\n", __func__);
 601                 return;
 602         }
 603
 604         if (crash_base >= (1ULL << 32) && reserve_crashkernel_low()) {
 605                 memblock_free(crash_base, crash_size);
 606                 return;
 607         }
 608
 609         pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
 610                 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
 611                 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
 612                 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
 613
 614         crashk_res.start = crash_base;
 615         crashk_res.end   = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
 616         insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
 617 }
 618 #else
 619 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
 620 {
 621 }
 622 #endif
 623
 624 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
 625         { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
 626                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 627         { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
 628                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 629         { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
 630                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 631         { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
 632                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 633         { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
 634                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 635         { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
 636                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 637         { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
 638                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 639         { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
 640                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 641         { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
 642                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
 643         { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
 644                 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
 645 };
 646
 647 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
 648 {
 649         int i;
 650
 651         /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
 652         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
 653                 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
 654
 655 }
 656
 657 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
 658 {
 659         unsigned long addr, size = 0;
 660
 661         addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
 662
 663         if (size)
 664                 memblock_reserve(addr, size);
 665 }
 666
 667 static bool __init snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void)
 668 {
 669 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
 670         int i;
 671         u16 vendor, devid;
 672         static const __initconst u16 snb_ids[] = {
 673                 0x0102,
 674                 0x0112,
 675                 0x0122,
 676                 0x0106,
 677                 0x0116,
 678                 0x0126,
 679                 0x010a,
 680         };
 681
 682         /* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */
 683         if (!early_pci_allowed())
 684                 return false;
 685
 686         vendor = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID);
 687         if (vendor != 0x8086)
 688                 return false;
 689
 690         devid = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID);
 691         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids); i++)
 692                 if (devid == snb_ids[i])
 693                         return true;
 694 #endif
 695
 696         return false;
 697 }
 698
 699 /*
 700  * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude
 701  * them from allocation.
 702  */
 703 static void __init trim_snb_memory(void)
 704 {
 705         static const __initconst unsigned long bad_pages[] = {
 706                 0x20050000,
 707                 0x20110000,
 708                 0x20130000,
 709                 0x20138000,
 710                 0x40004000,
 711         };
 712         int i;
 713
 714         if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed())
 715                 return;
 716
 717         printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n");
 718
 719         /*
 720          * Reserve all memory below the 1 MB mark that has not
 721          * already been reserved.
 722          */
 723         memblock_reserve(0, 1<<20);
 724
 725         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages); i++) {
 726                 if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages[i], PAGE_SIZE))
 727                         printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n",
 728                                bad_pages[i]);
 729         }
 730 }
 731
 732 /*
 733  * Here we put platform-specific memory range workarounds, i.e.
 734  * memory known to be corrupt or otherwise in need to be reserved on
 735  * specific platforms.
 736  *
 737  * If this gets used more widely it could use a real dispatch mechanism.
 738  */
 739 static void __init trim_platform_memory_ranges(void)
 740 {
 741         trim_snb_memory();
 742 }
 743
 744 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
 745 {
 746         /*
 747          * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
 748          * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
 749          * not listed as such in the E820 table.
 750          *
 751          * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
 752          * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory.  See the
 753          * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
 754          */
 755         e820_update_range(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
 756
 757         /*
 758          * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
 759          * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
 760          * take them out.
 761          */
 762         e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
 763
 764         sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
 765 }
 766
 767 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */
 768 static void __init e820_add_kernel_range(void)
 769 {
 770         u64 start = __pa_symbol(_text);
 771         u64 size = __pa_symbol(_end) - start;
 772
 773         /*
 774          * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_RAM and
 775          * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS,
 776          * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to
 777          * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM,
 778          * we will crash later anyways.
 779          */
 780         if (e820_all_mapped(start, start + size, E820_RAM))
 781                 return;
 782
 783         pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_RAM!\n");
 784         e820_remove_range(start, size, E820_RAM, 0);
 785         e820_add_region(start, size, E820_RAM);
 786 }
 787
 788 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10;
 789
 790 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p)
 791 {
 792         unsigned long long size;
 793
 794         if (!p)
 795                 return -EINVAL;
 796
 797         size = memparse(p, &p);
 798
 799         if (size < 4096)
 800                 size = 4096;
 801
 802         if (size > 640*1024)
 803                 size = 640*1024;
 804
 805         reserve_low = size;
 806
 807         return 0;
 808 }
 809
 810 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow);
 811
 812 static void __init trim_low_memory_range(void)
 813 {
 814         memblock_reserve(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE));
 815 }
 816
 817 /*
 818  * Dump out kernel offset information on panic.
 819  */
 820 static int
 821 dump_kernel_offset(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long v, void *p)
 822 {
 823         if (kaslr_enabled()) {
 824                 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: 0x%lx from 0x%lx (relocation range: 0x%lx-0x%lx)\n",
 825                          kaslr_offset(),
 826                          __START_KERNEL,
 827                          __START_KERNEL_map,
 828                          MODULES_VADDR-1);
 829         } else {
 830                 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: disabled\n");
 831         }
 832
 833         return 0;
 834 }
 835
 836 /*
 837  * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader.  If so, then we have also been
 838  * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
 839  * for initialization.  Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
 840  * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
 841  * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
 842  */
 843 /*
 844  * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
 845  *
 846  * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
 847  */
 848
 849 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 850 {
 851         memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text),
 852                          (unsigned long)__bss_stop - (unsigned long)_text);
 853
 854         early_reserve_initrd();
 855
 856         /*
 857          * At this point everything still needed from the boot loader
 858          * or BIOS or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not
 859          * RAM in e820. All other memory is free game.
 860          */
 861
 862 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 863         memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
 864
 865         /*
 866          * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
 867          * to the proper swapper page table
 868          */
 869         clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir     + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
 870                         initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
 871                         KERNEL_PGD_PTRS);
 872
 873         load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
 874         /*
 875          * Note: Quark X1000 CPUs advertise PGE incorrectly and require
 876          * a cr3 based tlb flush, so the following __flush_tlb_all()
 877          * will not flush anything because the cpu quirk which clears
 878          * X86_FEATURE_PGE has not been invoked yet. Though due to the
 879          * load_cr3() above the TLB has been flushed already. The
 880          * quirk is invoked before subsequent calls to __flush_tlb_all()
 881          * so proper operation is guaranteed.
 882          */
 883         __flush_tlb_all();
 884 #else
 885         printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
 886 #endif
 887
 888         /*
 889          * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
 890          * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
 891          */
 892         olpc_ofw_detect();
 893
 894         early_trap_init();
 895         early_cpu_init();
 896         early_ioremap_init();
 897
 898         setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
 899
 900         ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
 901         screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
 902         edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
 903 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 904         apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
 905         ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
 906 #endif
 907         saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
 908         bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
 909         if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
 910                 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
 911                 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
 912         }
 913         bootloader_version  = bootloader_type & 0xf;
 914         bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
 915
 916 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
 917         rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
 918         rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
 919         rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
 920 #endif
 921 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI
 922         if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
 923                      EFI32_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) {
 924                 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags);
 925         } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
 926                      EFI64_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) {
 927                 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags);
 928                 set_bit(EFI_64BIT, &efi.flags);
 929         }
 930
 931         if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
 932                 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range();
 933 #endif
 934
 935         x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
 936
 937         iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1;
 938         setup_memory_map();
 939         parse_setup_data();
 940
 941         copy_edd();
 942
 943         if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
 944                 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
 945         init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
 946         init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
 947         init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
 948         init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
 949
 950         mpx_mm_init(&init_mm);
 951
 952         code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_text);
 953         code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_etext)-1;
 954         data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_etext);
 955         data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_edata)-1;
 956         bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__bss_start);
 957         bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__bss_stop)-1;
 958
 959 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
 960 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
 961         strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
 962 #else
 963         if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
 964                 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
 965                 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
 966                 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
 967                 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
 968         }
 969 #endif
 970 #endif
 971
 972         strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
 973         *cmdline_p = command_line;
 974
 975         /*
 976          * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
 977          * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
 978          * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
 979          * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
 980          * to honor the respective command line option.
 981          */
 982         x86_configure_nx();
 983
 984         parse_early_param();
 985
 986         x86_report_nx();
 987
 988         /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
 989         memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
 990
 991         if (acpi_mps_check()) {
 992 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
 993                 disable_apic = 1;
 994 #endif
 995                 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
 996         }
 997
 998 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
 999         if (pci_early_dump_regs)
1000                 early_dump_pci_devices();
1001 #endif
1002
1003         /* update the e820_saved too */
1004         e820_reserve_setup_data();
1005         finish_e820_parsing();
1006
1007         if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
1008                 efi_init();
1009
1010         dmi_scan_machine();
1011         dmi_memdev_walk();
1012         dmi_set_dump_stack_arch_desc();
1013
1014         /*
1015          * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
1016          * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
1017          */
1018         init_hypervisor_platform();
1019
1020         x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
1021
1022         /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
1023         insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
1024         insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
1025         insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
1026
1027         e820_add_kernel_range();
1028         trim_bios_range();
1029 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1030         if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
1031                 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
1032                                   E820_RESERVED);
1033                 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
1034                 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
1035                 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
1036         }
1037 #else
1038         early_gart_iommu_check();
1039 #endif
1040
1041         /*
1042          * partially used pages are not usable - thus
1043          * we are rounding upwards:
1044          */
1045         max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1046
1047         /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
1048         mtrr_bp_init();
1049         if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
1050                 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1051
1052         max_possible_pfn = max_pfn;
1053
1054 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1055         /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
1056         find_low_pfn_range();
1057 #else
1058         check_x2apic();
1059
1060         /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
1061         /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
1062         if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
1063                 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
1064         else
1065                 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
1066
1067         high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
1068 #endif
1069
1070         /*
1071          * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
1072          */
1073         find_smp_config();
1074
1075         reserve_ibft_region();
1076
1077         early_alloc_pgt_buf();
1078
1079         /*
1080          * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
1081          *  it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
1082          *  brk area.
1083          */
1084         reserve_brk();
1085
1086         cleanup_highmap();
1087
1088         memblock_set_current_limit(ISA_END_ADDRESS);
1089         memblock_x86_fill();
1090
1091         if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) {
1092                 efi_fake_memmap();
1093                 efi_find_mirror();
1094         }
1095
1096         /*
1097          * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
1098          * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
1099          */
1100         if (efi_enabled(EFI_MEMMAP))
1101                 efi_reserve_boot_services();
1102
1103         /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
1104         early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
1105
1106 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
1107         setup_bios_corruption_check();
1108 #endif
1109
1110 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1111         printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
1112                         (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
1113 #endif
1114
1115         reserve_real_mode();
1116
1117         trim_platform_memory_ranges();
1118         trim_low_memory_range();
1119
1120         init_mem_mapping();
1121
1122         early_trap_pf_init();
1123
1124         setup_real_mode();
1125
1126         memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped());
1127
1128         /*
1129          * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
1130          */
1131
1132 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
1133         if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
1134                 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
1135 #endif
1136         /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
1137         setup_log_buf(1);
1138
1139         reserve_initrd();
1140
1141 #if defined(CONFIG_ACPI) && defined(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD)
1142         acpi_initrd_override((void *)initrd_start, initrd_end - initrd_start);
1143 #endif
1144
1145         vsmp_init();
1146
1147         io_delay_init();
1148
1149         /*
1150          * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
1151          */
1152         acpi_boot_table_init();
1153
1154         early_acpi_boot_init();
1155
1156         initmem_init();
1157         dma_contiguous_reserve(max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT);
1158
1159         /*
1160          * Reserve memory for crash kernel after SRAT is parsed so that it
1161          * won't consume hotpluggable memory.
1162          */
1163         reserve_crashkernel();
1164
1165         memblock_find_dma_reserve();
1166
1167 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
1168         kvmclock_init();
1169 #endif
1170
1171         x86_init.paging.pagetable_init();
1172
1173         kasan_init();
1174
1175         if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) {
1176                 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
1177                 mmu_cr4_features = __read_cr4();
1178                 if (trampoline_cr4_features)
1179                         *trampoline_cr4_features = mmu_cr4_features;
1180         }
1181
1182 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1183         /* sync back kernel address range */
1184         clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1185                         swapper_pg_dir     + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1186                         KERNEL_PGD_PTRS);
1187
1188         /*
1189          * sync back low identity map too.  It is used for example
1190          * in the 32-bit EFI stub.
1191          */
1192         clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table,
1193                         swapper_pg_dir     + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1194                         min(KERNEL_PGD_PTRS, KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY));
1195 #endif
1196
1197         tboot_probe();
1198
1199         map_vsyscall();
1200
1201         generic_apic_probe();
1202
1203         early_quirks();
1204
1205         /*
1206          * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1207          */
1208         acpi_boot_init();
1209         sfi_init();
1210         x86_dtb_init();
1211
1212         /*
1213          * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1214          */
1215         if (smp_found_config)
1216                 get_smp_config();
1217
1218         prefill_possible_map();
1219
1220         init_cpu_to_node();
1221
1222         init_apic_mappings();
1223         io_apic_init_mappings();
1224
1225         kvm_guest_init();
1226
1227         e820_reserve_resources();
1228         e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1229
1230         x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1231
1232         e820_setup_gap();
1233
1234 #ifdef CONFIG_VT
1235 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1236         if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1237                 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1238 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1239         conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1240 #endif
1241 #endif
1242         x86_init.oem.banner();
1243
1244         x86_init.timers.wallclock_init();
1245
1246         mcheck_init();
1247
1248         arch_init_ideal_nops();
1249
1250         register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE);
1251
1252 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI
1253         if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
1254                 efi_apply_memmap_quirks();
1255 #endif
1256 }
1257
1258 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1259
1260 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1261         .name   = "Video RAM area",
1262         .start  = 0xa0000,
1263         .end    = 0xbffff,
1264         .flags  = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1265 };
1266
1267 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1268 {
1269         request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1270         reserve_standard_io_resources();
1271 }
1272
1273 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
1274
1275 static struct notifier_block kernel_offset_notifier = {
1276         .notifier_call = dump_kernel_offset
1277 };
1278
1279 static int __init register_kernel_offset_dumper(void)
1280 {
1281         atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list,
1282                                         &kernel_offset_notifier);
1283         return 0;
1284 }
1285 __initcall(register_kernel_offset_dumper);
1286
1287 void arch_show_smap(struct seq_file *m, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1288 {
1289         if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_OSPKE))
1290                 return;
1291
1292         seq_printf(m, "ProtectionKey:  %8u\n", vma_pkey(vma));
1293 }