netfilter: nft_set_rbtree: fix panic when destroying set by GC

[linux/fpc-iii.git] / fs / ocfs2 / refcounttree.c

/* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 8; -*-
 * vim: noexpandtab sw=8 ts=8 sts=0:
 *
 * refcounttree.c
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
 * License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 */

#include <linux/sort.h>
#include <cluster/masklog.h>
#include "ocfs2.h"
#include "inode.h"
#include "alloc.h"
#include "suballoc.h"
#include "journal.h"
#include "uptodate.h"
#include "super.h"
#include "buffer_head_io.h"
#include "blockcheck.h"
#include "refcounttree.h"
#include "sysfile.h"
#include "dlmglue.h"
#include "extent_map.h"
#include "aops.h"
#include "xattr.h"
#include "namei.h"
#include "ocfs2_trace.h"
#include "file.h"

#include <linux/bio.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/pagevec.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/fsnotify.h>
#include <linux/quotaops.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/posix_acl.h>

struct ocfs2_cow_context {
        struct inode *inode;
        u32 cow_start;
        u32 cow_len;
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree data_et;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *ref_tree;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh;
        struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac;
        struct ocfs2_alloc_context *data_ac;
        struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt dealloc;
        void *cow_object;
        struct ocfs2_post_refcount *post_refcount;
        int extra_credits;
        int (*get_clusters)(struct ocfs2_cow_context *context,
                            u32 v_cluster, u32 *p_cluster,
                            u32 *num_clusters,
                            unsigned int *extent_flags);
        int (*cow_duplicate_clusters)(handle_t *handle,
                                      struct inode *inode,
                                      u32 cpos, u32 old_cluster,
                                      u32 new_cluster, u32 new_len);
};

static inline struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *
cache_info_to_refcount(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci)
{
        return container_of(ci, struct ocfs2_refcount_tree, rf_ci);
}

static int ocfs2_validate_refcount_block(struct super_block *sb,
                                         struct buffer_head *bh)
{
        int rc;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)bh->b_data;

        trace_ocfs2_validate_refcount_block((unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);

        BUG_ON(!buffer_uptodate(bh));

        /*
         * If the ecc fails, we return the error but otherwise
         * leave the filesystem running.  We know any error is
         * local to this block.
         */
        rc = ocfs2_validate_meta_ecc(sb, bh->b_data, &rb->rf_check);
        if (rc) {
                mlog(ML_ERROR, "Checksum failed for refcount block %llu\n",
                     (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
                return rc;
        }


        if (!OCFS2_IS_VALID_REFCOUNT_BLOCK(rb)) {
                rc = ocfs2_error(sb,
                                 "Refcount block #%llu has bad signature %.*s\n",
                                 (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr, 7,
                                 rb->rf_signature);
                goto out;
        }

        if (le64_to_cpu(rb->rf_blkno) != bh->b_blocknr) {
                rc = ocfs2_error(sb,
                                 "Refcount block #%llu has an invalid rf_blkno of %llu\n",
                                 (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr,
                                 (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(rb->rf_blkno));
                goto out;
        }

        if (le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_fs_generation) != OCFS2_SB(sb)->fs_generation) {
                rc = ocfs2_error(sb,
                                 "Refcount block #%llu has an invalid rf_fs_generation of #%u\n",
                                 (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr,
                                 le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_fs_generation));
                goto out;
        }
out:
        return rc;
}

static int ocfs2_read_refcount_block(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                     u64 rb_blkno,
                                     struct buffer_head **bh)
{
        int rc;
        struct buffer_head *tmp = *bh;

        rc = ocfs2_read_block(ci, rb_blkno, &tmp,
                              ocfs2_validate_refcount_block);

        /* If ocfs2_read_block() got us a new bh, pass it up. */
        if (!rc && !*bh)
                *bh = tmp;

        return rc;
}

static u64 ocfs2_refcount_cache_owner(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *rf = cache_info_to_refcount(ci);

        return rf->rf_blkno;
}

static struct super_block *
ocfs2_refcount_cache_get_super(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *rf = cache_info_to_refcount(ci);

        return rf->rf_sb;
}

static void ocfs2_refcount_cache_lock(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *rf = cache_info_to_refcount(ci);

        spin_lock(&rf->rf_lock);
}

static void ocfs2_refcount_cache_unlock(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *rf = cache_info_to_refcount(ci);

        spin_unlock(&rf->rf_lock);
}

static void ocfs2_refcount_cache_io_lock(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *rf = cache_info_to_refcount(ci);

        mutex_lock(&rf->rf_io_mutex);
}

static void ocfs2_refcount_cache_io_unlock(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *rf = cache_info_to_refcount(ci);

        mutex_unlock(&rf->rf_io_mutex);
}

static const struct ocfs2_caching_operations ocfs2_refcount_caching_ops = {
        .co_owner               = ocfs2_refcount_cache_owner,
        .co_get_super           = ocfs2_refcount_cache_get_super,
        .co_cache_lock          = ocfs2_refcount_cache_lock,
        .co_cache_unlock        = ocfs2_refcount_cache_unlock,
        .co_io_lock             = ocfs2_refcount_cache_io_lock,
        .co_io_unlock           = ocfs2_refcount_cache_io_unlock,
};

static struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *
ocfs2_find_refcount_tree(struct ocfs2_super *osb, u64 blkno)
{
        struct rb_node *n = osb->osb_rf_lock_tree.rb_node;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree = NULL;

        while (n) {
                tree = rb_entry(n, struct ocfs2_refcount_tree, rf_node);

                if (blkno < tree->rf_blkno)
                        n = n->rb_left;
                else if (blkno > tree->rf_blkno)
                        n = n->rb_right;
                else
                        return tree;
        }

        return NULL;
}

/* osb_lock is already locked. */
static void ocfs2_insert_refcount_tree(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
                                       struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *new)
{
        u64 rf_blkno = new->rf_blkno;
        struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
        struct rb_node **p = &osb->osb_rf_lock_tree.rb_node;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tmp;

        while (*p) {
                parent = *p;

                tmp = rb_entry(parent, struct ocfs2_refcount_tree,
                               rf_node);

                if (rf_blkno < tmp->rf_blkno)
                        p = &(*p)->rb_left;
                else if (rf_blkno > tmp->rf_blkno)
                        p = &(*p)->rb_right;
                else {
                        /* This should never happen! */
                        mlog(ML_ERROR, "Duplicate refcount block %llu found!\n",
                             (unsigned long long)rf_blkno);
                        BUG();
                }
        }

        rb_link_node(&new->rf_node, parent, p);
        rb_insert_color(&new->rf_node, &osb->osb_rf_lock_tree);
}

static void ocfs2_free_refcount_tree(struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree)
{
        ocfs2_metadata_cache_exit(&tree->rf_ci);
        ocfs2_simple_drop_lockres(OCFS2_SB(tree->rf_sb), &tree->rf_lockres);
        ocfs2_lock_res_free(&tree->rf_lockres);
        kfree(tree);
}

static inline void
ocfs2_erase_refcount_tree_from_list_no_lock(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
                                        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree)
{
        rb_erase(&tree->rf_node, &osb->osb_rf_lock_tree);
        if (osb->osb_ref_tree_lru && osb->osb_ref_tree_lru == tree)
                osb->osb_ref_tree_lru = NULL;
}

static void ocfs2_erase_refcount_tree_from_list(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
                                        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree)
{
        spin_lock(&osb->osb_lock);
        ocfs2_erase_refcount_tree_from_list_no_lock(osb, tree);
        spin_unlock(&osb->osb_lock);
}

static void ocfs2_kref_remove_refcount_tree(struct kref *kref)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree =
                container_of(kref, struct ocfs2_refcount_tree, rf_getcnt);

        ocfs2_free_refcount_tree(tree);
}

static inline void
ocfs2_refcount_tree_get(struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree)
{
        kref_get(&tree->rf_getcnt);
}

static inline void
ocfs2_refcount_tree_put(struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree)
{
        kref_put(&tree->rf_getcnt, ocfs2_kref_remove_refcount_tree);
}

static inline void ocfs2_init_refcount_tree_ci(struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *new,
                                               struct super_block *sb)
{
        ocfs2_metadata_cache_init(&new->rf_ci, &ocfs2_refcount_caching_ops);
        mutex_init(&new->rf_io_mutex);
        new->rf_sb = sb;
        spin_lock_init(&new->rf_lock);
}

static inline void ocfs2_init_refcount_tree_lock(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
                                        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *new,
                                        u64 rf_blkno, u32 generation)
{
        init_rwsem(&new->rf_sem);
        ocfs2_refcount_lock_res_init(&new->rf_lockres, osb,
                                     rf_blkno, generation);
}

static struct ocfs2_refcount_tree*
ocfs2_allocate_refcount_tree(struct ocfs2_super *osb, u64 rf_blkno)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *new;

        new = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_tree), GFP_NOFS);
        if (!new)
                return NULL;

        new->rf_blkno = rf_blkno;
        kref_init(&new->rf_getcnt);
        ocfs2_init_refcount_tree_ci(new, osb->sb);

        return new;
}

static int ocfs2_get_refcount_tree(struct ocfs2_super *osb, u64 rf_blkno,
                                   struct ocfs2_refcount_tree **ret_tree)
{
        int ret = 0;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree, *new = NULL;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *ref_rb;

        spin_lock(&osb->osb_lock);
        if (osb->osb_ref_tree_lru &&
            osb->osb_ref_tree_lru->rf_blkno == rf_blkno)
                tree = osb->osb_ref_tree_lru;
        else
                tree = ocfs2_find_refcount_tree(osb, rf_blkno);
        if (tree)
                goto out;

        spin_unlock(&osb->osb_lock);

        new = ocfs2_allocate_refcount_tree(osb, rf_blkno);
        if (!new) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }
        /*
         * We need the generation to create the refcount tree lock and since
         * it isn't changed during the tree modification, we are safe here to
         * read without protection.
         * We also have to purge the cache after we create the lock since the
         * refcount block may have the stale data. It can only be trusted when
         * we hold the refcount lock.
         */
        ret = ocfs2_read_refcount_block(&new->rf_ci, rf_blkno, &ref_root_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                ocfs2_metadata_cache_exit(&new->rf_ci);
                kfree(new);
                return ret;
        }

        ref_rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;
        new->rf_generation = le32_to_cpu(ref_rb->rf_generation);
        ocfs2_init_refcount_tree_lock(osb, new, rf_blkno,
                                      new->rf_generation);
        ocfs2_metadata_cache_purge(&new->rf_ci);

        spin_lock(&osb->osb_lock);
        tree = ocfs2_find_refcount_tree(osb, rf_blkno);
        if (tree)
                goto out;

        ocfs2_insert_refcount_tree(osb, new);

        tree = new;
        new = NULL;

out:
        *ret_tree = tree;

        osb->osb_ref_tree_lru = tree;

        spin_unlock(&osb->osb_lock);

        if (new)
                ocfs2_free_refcount_tree(new);

        brelse(ref_root_bh);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_get_refcount_block(struct inode *inode, u64 *ref_blkno)
{
        int ret;
        struct buffer_head *di_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di;

        ret = ocfs2_read_inode_block(inode, &di_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        BUG_ON(!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode));

        di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;
        *ref_blkno = le64_to_cpu(di->i_refcount_loc);
        brelse(di_bh);
out:
        return ret;
}

static int __ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
                                      struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree, int rw)
{
        int ret;

        ret = ocfs2_refcount_lock(tree, rw);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        if (rw)
                down_write(&tree->rf_sem);
        else
                down_read(&tree->rf_sem);

out:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Lock the refcount tree pointed by ref_blkno and return the tree.
 * In most case, we lock the tree and read the refcount block.
 * So read it here if the caller really needs it.
 *
 * If the tree has been re-created by other node, it will free the
 * old one and re-create it.
 */
int ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
                             u64 ref_blkno, int rw,
                             struct ocfs2_refcount_tree **ret_tree,
                             struct buffer_head **ref_bh)
{
        int ret, delete_tree = 0;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree = NULL;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb;

again:
        ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_tree(osb, ref_blkno, &tree);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }

        ocfs2_refcount_tree_get(tree);

        ret = __ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(osb, tree, rw);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                ocfs2_refcount_tree_put(tree);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_read_refcount_block(&tree->rf_ci, tree->rf_blkno,
                                        &ref_root_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, tree, rw);
                goto out;
        }

        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;
        /*
         * If the refcount block has been freed and re-created, we may need
         * to recreate the refcount tree also.
         *
         * Here we just remove the tree from the rb-tree, and the last
         * kref holder will unlock and delete this refcount_tree.
         * Then we goto "again" and ocfs2_get_refcount_tree will create
         * the new refcount tree for us.
         */
        if (tree->rf_generation != le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_generation)) {
                if (!tree->rf_removed) {
                        ocfs2_erase_refcount_tree_from_list(osb, tree);
                        tree->rf_removed = 1;
                        delete_tree = 1;
                }

                ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, tree, rw);
                /*
                 * We get an extra reference when we create the refcount
                 * tree, so another put will destroy it.
                 */
                if (delete_tree)
                        ocfs2_refcount_tree_put(tree);
                brelse(ref_root_bh);
                ref_root_bh = NULL;
                goto again;
        }

        *ret_tree = tree;
        if (ref_bh) {
                *ref_bh = ref_root_bh;
                ref_root_bh = NULL;
        }
out:
        brelse(ref_root_bh);
        return ret;
}

void ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
                                struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree, int rw)
{
        if (rw)
                up_write(&tree->rf_sem);
        else
                up_read(&tree->rf_sem);

        ocfs2_refcount_unlock(tree, rw);
        ocfs2_refcount_tree_put(tree);
}

void ocfs2_purge_refcount_trees(struct ocfs2_super *osb)
{
        struct rb_node *node;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree;
        struct rb_root *root = &osb->osb_rf_lock_tree;

        while ((node = rb_last(root)) != NULL) {
                tree = rb_entry(node, struct ocfs2_refcount_tree, rf_node);

                trace_ocfs2_purge_refcount_trees(
                                (unsigned long long) tree->rf_blkno);

                rb_erase(&tree->rf_node, root);
                ocfs2_free_refcount_tree(tree);
        }
}

/*
 * Create a refcount tree for an inode.
 * We take for granted that the inode is already locked.
 */
static int ocfs2_create_refcount_tree(struct inode *inode,
                                      struct buffer_head *di_bh)
{
        int ret;
        handle_t *handle = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi = OCFS2_I(inode);
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);
        struct buffer_head *new_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *new_tree = NULL, *tree = NULL;
        u16 suballoc_bit_start;
        u32 num_got;
        u64 suballoc_loc, first_blkno;

        BUG_ON(ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode));

        trace_ocfs2_create_refcount_tree(
                (unsigned long long)oi->ip_blkno);

        ret = ocfs2_reserve_new_metadata_blocks(osb, 1, &meta_ac);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(osb, OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_CREATE_CREDITS);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(inode), di_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_claim_metadata(handle, meta_ac, 1, &suballoc_loc,
                                   &suballoc_bit_start, &num_got,
                                   &first_blkno);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        new_tree = ocfs2_allocate_refcount_tree(osb, first_blkno);
        if (!new_tree) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        new_bh = sb_getblk(inode->i_sb, first_blkno);
        if (!new_bh) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }
        ocfs2_set_new_buffer_uptodate(&new_tree->rf_ci, new_bh);

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, &new_tree->rf_ci, new_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_CREATE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        /* Initialize ocfs2_refcount_block. */
        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)new_bh->b_data;
        memset(rb, 0, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
        strcpy((void *)rb, OCFS2_REFCOUNT_BLOCK_SIGNATURE);
        rb->rf_suballoc_slot = cpu_to_le16(meta_ac->ac_alloc_slot);
        rb->rf_suballoc_loc = cpu_to_le64(suballoc_loc);
        rb->rf_suballoc_bit = cpu_to_le16(suballoc_bit_start);
        rb->rf_fs_generation = cpu_to_le32(osb->fs_generation);
        rb->rf_blkno = cpu_to_le64(first_blkno);
        rb->rf_count = cpu_to_le32(1);
        rb->rf_records.rl_count =
                        cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_refcount_recs_per_rb(osb->sb));
        spin_lock(&osb->osb_lock);
        rb->rf_generation = osb->s_next_generation++;
        spin_unlock(&osb->osb_lock);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, new_bh);

        spin_lock(&oi->ip_lock);
        oi->ip_dyn_features |= OCFS2_HAS_REFCOUNT_FL;
        di->i_dyn_features = cpu_to_le16(oi->ip_dyn_features);
        di->i_refcount_loc = cpu_to_le64(first_blkno);
        spin_unlock(&oi->ip_lock);

        trace_ocfs2_create_refcount_tree_blkno((unsigned long long)first_blkno);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);

        /*
         * We have to init the tree lock here since it will use
         * the generation number to create it.
         */
        new_tree->rf_generation = le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_generation);
        ocfs2_init_refcount_tree_lock(osb, new_tree, first_blkno,
                                      new_tree->rf_generation);

        spin_lock(&osb->osb_lock);
        tree = ocfs2_find_refcount_tree(osb, first_blkno);

        /*
         * We've just created a new refcount tree in this block.  If
         * we found a refcount tree on the ocfs2_super, it must be
         * one we just deleted.  We free the old tree before
         * inserting the new tree.
         */
        BUG_ON(tree && tree->rf_generation == new_tree->rf_generation);
        if (tree)
                ocfs2_erase_refcount_tree_from_list_no_lock(osb, tree);
        ocfs2_insert_refcount_tree(osb, new_tree);
        spin_unlock(&osb->osb_lock);
        new_tree = NULL;
        if (tree)
                ocfs2_refcount_tree_put(tree);

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(osb, handle);

out:
        if (new_tree) {
                ocfs2_metadata_cache_exit(&new_tree->rf_ci);
                kfree(new_tree);
        }

        brelse(new_bh);
        if (meta_ac)
                ocfs2_free_alloc_context(meta_ac);

        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_set_refcount_tree(struct inode *inode,
                                   struct buffer_head *di_bh,
                                   u64 refcount_loc)
{
        int ret;
        handle_t *handle = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi = OCFS2_I(inode);
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *ref_tree;

        BUG_ON(ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode));

        ret = ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(osb, refcount_loc, 1,
                                       &ref_tree, &ref_root_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(osb, OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_SET_CREDITS);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(inode), di_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, &ref_tree->rf_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;
        le32_add_cpu(&rb->rf_count, 1);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ref_root_bh);

        spin_lock(&oi->ip_lock);
        oi->ip_dyn_features |= OCFS2_HAS_REFCOUNT_FL;
        di->i_dyn_features = cpu_to_le16(oi->ip_dyn_features);
        di->i_refcount_loc = cpu_to_le64(refcount_loc);
        spin_unlock(&oi->ip_lock);
        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(osb, handle);
out:
        ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, ref_tree, 1);
        brelse(ref_root_bh);

        return ret;
}

int ocfs2_remove_refcount_tree(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *di_bh)
{
        int ret, delete_tree = 0;
        handle_t *handle = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi = OCFS2_I(inode);
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb;
        struct inode *alloc_inode = NULL;
        struct buffer_head *alloc_bh = NULL;
        struct buffer_head *blk_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *ref_tree;
        int credits = OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_REMOVE_CREDITS;
        u64 blk = 0, bg_blkno = 0, ref_blkno = le64_to_cpu(di->i_refcount_loc);
        u16 bit = 0;

        if (!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode))
                return 0;

        BUG_ON(!ref_blkno);
        ret = ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(osb, ref_blkno, 1, &ref_tree, &blk_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }

        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)blk_bh->b_data;

        /*
         * If we are the last user, we need to free the block.
         * So lock the allocator ahead.
         */
        if (le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_count) == 1) {
                blk = le64_to_cpu(rb->rf_blkno);
                bit = le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_suballoc_bit);
                if (rb->rf_suballoc_loc)
                        bg_blkno = le64_to_cpu(rb->rf_suballoc_loc);
                else
                        bg_blkno = ocfs2_which_suballoc_group(blk, bit);

                alloc_inode = ocfs2_get_system_file_inode(osb,
                                        EXTENT_ALLOC_SYSTEM_INODE,
                                        le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_suballoc_slot));
                if (!alloc_inode) {
                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
                inode_lock(alloc_inode);

                ret = ocfs2_inode_lock(alloc_inode, &alloc_bh, 1);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out_mutex;
                }

                credits += OCFS2_SUBALLOC_FREE;
        }

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(osb, credits);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(inode), di_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, &ref_tree->rf_ci, blk_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        spin_lock(&oi->ip_lock);
        oi->ip_dyn_features &= ~OCFS2_HAS_REFCOUNT_FL;
        di->i_dyn_features = cpu_to_le16(oi->ip_dyn_features);
        di->i_refcount_loc = 0;
        spin_unlock(&oi->ip_lock);
        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);

        le32_add_cpu(&rb->rf_count , -1);
        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, blk_bh);

        if (!rb->rf_count) {
                delete_tree = 1;
                ocfs2_erase_refcount_tree_from_list(osb, ref_tree);
                ret = ocfs2_free_suballoc_bits(handle, alloc_inode,
                                               alloc_bh, bit, bg_blkno, 1);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
        }

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(osb, handle);
out_unlock:
        if (alloc_inode) {
                ocfs2_inode_unlock(alloc_inode, 1);
                brelse(alloc_bh);
        }
out_mutex:
        if (alloc_inode) {
                inode_unlock(alloc_inode);
                iput(alloc_inode);
        }
out:
        ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, ref_tree, 1);
        if (delete_tree)
                ocfs2_refcount_tree_put(ref_tree);
        brelse(blk_bh);

        return ret;
}

static void ocfs2_find_refcount_rec_in_rl(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                          struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                          u64 cpos, unsigned int len,
                                          struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *ret_rec,
                                          int *index)
{
        int i = 0;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *rec = NULL;

        for (; i < le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used); i++) {
                rec = &rb->rf_records.rl_recs[i];

                if (le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos) +
                    le32_to_cpu(rec->r_clusters) <= cpos)
                        continue;
                else if (le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos) > cpos)
                        break;

                /* ok, cpos fail in this rec. Just return. */
                if (ret_rec)
                        *ret_rec = *rec;
                goto out;
        }

        if (ret_rec) {
                /* We meet with a hole here, so fake the rec. */
                ret_rec->r_cpos = cpu_to_le64(cpos);
                ret_rec->r_refcount = 0;
                if (i < le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used) &&
                    le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos) < cpos + len)
                        ret_rec->r_clusters =
                                cpu_to_le32(le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos) - cpos);
                else
                        ret_rec->r_clusters = cpu_to_le32(len);
        }

out:
        *index = i;
}

/*
 * Try to remove refcount tree. The mechanism is:
 * 1) Check whether i_clusters == 0, if no, exit.
 * 2) check whether we have i_xattr_loc in dinode. if yes, exit.
 * 3) Check whether we have inline xattr stored outside, if yes, exit.
 * 4) Remove the tree.
 */
int ocfs2_try_remove_refcount_tree(struct inode *inode,
                                   struct buffer_head *di_bh)
{
        int ret;
        struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi = OCFS2_I(inode);
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;

        down_write(&oi->ip_xattr_sem);
        down_write(&oi->ip_alloc_sem);

        if (oi->ip_clusters)
                goto out;

        if ((oi->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_HAS_XATTR_FL) && di->i_xattr_loc)
                goto out;

        if (oi->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_INLINE_XATTR_FL &&
            ocfs2_has_inline_xattr_value_outside(inode, di))
                goto out;

        ret = ocfs2_remove_refcount_tree(inode, di_bh);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);
out:
        up_write(&oi->ip_alloc_sem);
        up_write(&oi->ip_xattr_sem);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Find the end range for a leaf refcount block indicated by
 * el->l_recs[index].e_blkno.
 */
static int ocfs2_get_refcount_cpos_end(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                       struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                       struct ocfs2_extent_block *eb,
                                       struct ocfs2_extent_list *el,
                                       int index,  u32 *cpos_end)
{
        int ret, i, subtree_root;
        u32 cpos;
        u64 blkno;
        struct super_block *sb = ocfs2_metadata_cache_get_super(ci);
        struct ocfs2_path *left_path = NULL, *right_path = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree et;
        struct ocfs2_extent_list *tmp_el;

        if (index < le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec) - 1) {
                /*
                 * We have a extent rec after index, so just use the e_cpos
                 * of the next extent rec.
                 */
                *cpos_end = le32_to_cpu(el->l_recs[index+1].e_cpos);
                return 0;
        }

        if (!eb || (eb && !eb->h_next_leaf_blk)) {
                /*
                 * We are the last extent rec, so any high cpos should
                 * be stored in this leaf refcount block.
                 */
                *cpos_end = UINT_MAX;
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * If the extent block isn't the last one, we have to find
         * the subtree root between this extent block and the next
         * leaf extent block and get the corresponding e_cpos from
         * the subroot. Otherwise we may corrupt the b-tree.
         */
        ocfs2_init_refcount_extent_tree(&et, ci, ref_root_bh);

        left_path = ocfs2_new_path_from_et(&et);
        if (!left_path) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        cpos = le32_to_cpu(eb->h_list.l_recs[index].e_cpos);
        ret = ocfs2_find_path(ci, left_path, cpos);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        right_path = ocfs2_new_path_from_path(left_path);
        if (!right_path) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_find_cpos_for_right_leaf(sb, left_path, &cpos);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_find_path(ci, right_path, cpos);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        subtree_root = ocfs2_find_subtree_root(&et, left_path,
                                               right_path);

        tmp_el = left_path->p_node[subtree_root].el;
        blkno = left_path->p_node[subtree_root+1].bh->b_blocknr;
        for (i = 0; i < le16_to_cpu(tmp_el->l_next_free_rec); i++) {
                if (le64_to_cpu(tmp_el->l_recs[i].e_blkno) == blkno) {
                        *cpos_end = le32_to_cpu(tmp_el->l_recs[i+1].e_cpos);
                        break;
                }
        }

        BUG_ON(i == le16_to_cpu(tmp_el->l_next_free_rec));

out:
        ocfs2_free_path(left_path);
        ocfs2_free_path(right_path);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Given a cpos and len, try to find the refcount record which contains cpos.
 * 1. If cpos can be found in one refcount record, return the record.
 * 2. If cpos can't be found, return a fake record which start from cpos
 *    and end at a small value between cpos+len and start of the next record.
 *    This fake record has r_refcount = 0.
 */
static int ocfs2_get_refcount_rec(struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                  struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                  u64 cpos, unsigned int len,
                                  struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *ret_rec,
                                  int *index,
                                  struct buffer_head **ret_bh)
{
        int ret = 0, i, found;
        u32 low_cpos, uninitialized_var(cpos_end);
        struct ocfs2_extent_list *el;
        struct ocfs2_extent_rec *rec = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_extent_block *eb = NULL;
        struct buffer_head *eb_bh = NULL, *ref_leaf_bh = NULL;
        struct super_block *sb = ocfs2_metadata_cache_get_super(ci);
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;

        if (!(le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_flags) & OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_FL)) {
                ocfs2_find_refcount_rec_in_rl(ci, ref_root_bh, cpos, len,
                                              ret_rec, index);
                *ret_bh = ref_root_bh;
                get_bh(ref_root_bh);
                return 0;
        }

        el = &rb->rf_list;
        low_cpos = cpos & OCFS2_32BIT_POS_MASK;

        if (el->l_tree_depth) {
                ret = ocfs2_find_leaf(ci, el, low_cpos, &eb_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                eb = (struct ocfs2_extent_block *) eb_bh->b_data;
                el = &eb->h_list;

                if (el->l_tree_depth) {
                        ret = ocfs2_error(sb,
                                          "refcount tree %llu has non zero tree depth in leaf btree tree block %llu\n",
                                          (unsigned long long)ocfs2_metadata_cache_owner(ci),
                                          (unsigned long long)eb_bh->b_blocknr);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        found = 0;
        for (i = le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                rec = &el->l_recs[i];

                if (le32_to_cpu(rec->e_cpos) <= low_cpos) {
                        found = 1;
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (found) {
                ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_cpos_end(ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                  eb, el, i, &cpos_end);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                if (cpos_end < low_cpos + len)
                        len = cpos_end - low_cpos;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_read_refcount_block(ci, le64_to_cpu(rec->e_blkno),
                                        &ref_leaf_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ocfs2_find_refcount_rec_in_rl(ci, ref_leaf_bh, cpos, len,
                                      ret_rec, index);
        *ret_bh = ref_leaf_bh;
out:
        brelse(eb_bh);
        return ret;
}

enum ocfs2_ref_rec_contig {
        REF_CONTIG_NONE = 0,
        REF_CONTIG_LEFT,
        REF_CONTIG_RIGHT,
        REF_CONTIG_LEFTRIGHT,
};

static enum ocfs2_ref_rec_contig
        ocfs2_refcount_rec_adjacent(struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb,
                                    int index)
{
        if ((rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index].r_refcount ==
            rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index + 1].r_refcount) &&
            (le64_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index].r_cpos) +
            le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index].r_clusters) ==
            le64_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index + 1].r_cpos)))
                return REF_CONTIG_RIGHT;

        return REF_CONTIG_NONE;
}

static enum ocfs2_ref_rec_contig
        ocfs2_refcount_rec_contig(struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb,
                                  int index)
{
        enum ocfs2_ref_rec_contig ret = REF_CONTIG_NONE;

        if (index < le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used) - 1)
                ret = ocfs2_refcount_rec_adjacent(rb, index);

        if (index > 0) {
                enum ocfs2_ref_rec_contig tmp;

                tmp = ocfs2_refcount_rec_adjacent(rb, index - 1);

                if (tmp == REF_CONTIG_RIGHT) {
                        if (ret == REF_CONTIG_RIGHT)
                                ret = REF_CONTIG_LEFTRIGHT;
                        else
                                ret = REF_CONTIG_LEFT;
                }
        }

        return ret;
}

static void ocfs2_rotate_refcount_rec_left(struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb,
                                           int index)
{
        BUG_ON(rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index].r_refcount !=
               rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index+1].r_refcount);

        le32_add_cpu(&rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index].r_clusters,
                     le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index+1].r_clusters));

        if (index < le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used) - 2)
                memmove(&rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index + 1],
                        &rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index + 2],
                        sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec) *
                        (le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used) - index - 2));

        memset(&rb->rf_records.rl_recs[le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used) - 1],
               0, sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec));
        le16_add_cpu(&rb->rf_records.rl_used, -1);
}

/*
 * Merge the refcount rec if we are contiguous with the adjacent recs.
 */
static void ocfs2_refcount_rec_merge(struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb,
                                     int index)
{
        enum ocfs2_ref_rec_contig contig =
                                ocfs2_refcount_rec_contig(rb, index);

        if (contig == REF_CONTIG_NONE)
                return;

        if (contig == REF_CONTIG_LEFT || contig == REF_CONTIG_LEFTRIGHT) {
                BUG_ON(index == 0);
                index--;
        }

        ocfs2_rotate_refcount_rec_left(rb, index);

        if (contig == REF_CONTIG_LEFTRIGHT)
                ocfs2_rotate_refcount_rec_left(rb, index);
}

/*
 * Change the refcount indexed by "index" in ref_bh.
 * If refcount reaches 0, remove it.
 */
static int ocfs2_change_refcount_rec(handle_t *handle,
                                     struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                     struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                     int index, int merge, int change)
{
        int ret;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_list *rl = &rb->rf_records;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *rec = &rl->rl_recs[index];

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, ref_leaf_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        trace_ocfs2_change_refcount_rec(
                (unsigned long long)ocfs2_metadata_cache_owner(ci),
                index, le32_to_cpu(rec->r_refcount), change);
        le32_add_cpu(&rec->r_refcount, change);

        if (!rec->r_refcount) {
                if (index != le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_used) - 1) {
                        memmove(rec, rec + 1,
                                (le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_used) - index - 1) *
                                sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec));
                        memset(&rl->rl_recs[le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_used) - 1],
                               0, sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec));
                }

                le16_add_cpu(&rl->rl_used, -1);
        } else if (merge)
                ocfs2_refcount_rec_merge(rb, index);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ref_leaf_bh);
out:
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_expand_inline_ref_root(handle_t *handle,
                                        struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                        struct buffer_head **ref_leaf_bh,
                                        struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac)
{
        int ret;
        u16 suballoc_bit_start;
        u32 num_got;
        u64 suballoc_loc, blkno;
        struct super_block *sb = ocfs2_metadata_cache_get_super(ci);
        struct buffer_head *new_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *new_rb;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *root_rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_claim_metadata(handle, meta_ac, 1, &suballoc_loc,
                                   &suballoc_bit_start, &num_got,
                                   &blkno);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        new_bh = sb_getblk(sb, blkno);
        if (new_bh == NULL) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }
        ocfs2_set_new_buffer_uptodate(ci, new_bh);

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, new_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_CREATE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * Initialize ocfs2_refcount_block.
         * It should contain the same information as the old root.
         * so just memcpy it and change the corresponding field.
         */
        memcpy(new_bh->b_data, ref_root_bh->b_data, sb->s_blocksize);

        new_rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)new_bh->b_data;
        new_rb->rf_suballoc_slot = cpu_to_le16(meta_ac->ac_alloc_slot);
        new_rb->rf_suballoc_loc = cpu_to_le64(suballoc_loc);
        new_rb->rf_suballoc_bit = cpu_to_le16(suballoc_bit_start);
        new_rb->rf_blkno = cpu_to_le64(blkno);
        new_rb->rf_cpos = cpu_to_le32(0);
        new_rb->rf_parent = cpu_to_le64(ref_root_bh->b_blocknr);
        new_rb->rf_flags = cpu_to_le32(OCFS2_REFCOUNT_LEAF_FL);
        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, new_bh);

        /* Now change the root. */
        memset(&root_rb->rf_list, 0, sb->s_blocksize -
               offsetof(struct ocfs2_refcount_block, rf_list));
        root_rb->rf_list.l_count = cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_extent_recs_per_rb(sb));
        root_rb->rf_clusters = cpu_to_le32(1);
        root_rb->rf_list.l_next_free_rec = cpu_to_le16(1);
        root_rb->rf_list.l_recs[0].e_blkno = cpu_to_le64(blkno);
        root_rb->rf_list.l_recs[0].e_leaf_clusters = cpu_to_le16(1);
        root_rb->rf_flags = cpu_to_le32(OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_FL);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ref_root_bh);

        trace_ocfs2_expand_inline_ref_root((unsigned long long)blkno,
                le16_to_cpu(new_rb->rf_records.rl_used));

        *ref_leaf_bh = new_bh;
        new_bh = NULL;
out:
        brelse(new_bh);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_refcount_rec_no_intersect(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *prev,
                                           struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *next)
{
        if (ocfs2_get_ref_rec_low_cpos(prev) + le32_to_cpu(prev->r_clusters) <=
                ocfs2_get_ref_rec_low_cpos(next))
                return 1;

        return 0;
}

static int cmp_refcount_rec_by_low_cpos(const void *a, const void *b)
{
        const struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *l = a, *r = b;
        u32 l_cpos = ocfs2_get_ref_rec_low_cpos(l);
        u32 r_cpos = ocfs2_get_ref_rec_low_cpos(r);

        if (l_cpos > r_cpos)
                return 1;
        if (l_cpos < r_cpos)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

static int cmp_refcount_rec_by_cpos(const void *a, const void *b)
{
        const struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *l = a, *r = b;
        u64 l_cpos = le64_to_cpu(l->r_cpos);
        u64 r_cpos = le64_to_cpu(r->r_cpos);

        if (l_cpos > r_cpos)
                return 1;
        if (l_cpos < r_cpos)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

static void swap_refcount_rec(void *a, void *b, int size)
{
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *l = a, *r = b;

        swap(*l, *r);
}

/*
 * The refcount cpos are ordered by their 64bit cpos,
 * But we will use the low 32 bit to be the e_cpos in the b-tree.
 * So we need to make sure that this pos isn't intersected with others.
 *
 * Note: The refcount block is already sorted by their low 32 bit cpos,
 *       So just try the middle pos first, and we will exit when we find
 *       the good position.
 */
static int ocfs2_find_refcount_split_pos(struct ocfs2_refcount_list *rl,
                                         u32 *split_pos, int *split_index)
{
        int num_used = le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_used);
        int delta, middle = num_used / 2;

        for (delta = 0; delta < middle; delta++) {
                /* Let's check delta earlier than middle */
                if (ocfs2_refcount_rec_no_intersect(
                                        &rl->rl_recs[middle - delta - 1],
                                        &rl->rl_recs[middle - delta])) {
                        *split_index = middle - delta;
                        break;
                }

                /* For even counts, don't walk off the end */
                if ((middle + delta + 1) == num_used)
                        continue;

                /* Now try delta past middle */
                if (ocfs2_refcount_rec_no_intersect(
                                        &rl->rl_recs[middle + delta],
                                        &rl->rl_recs[middle + delta + 1])) {
                        *split_index = middle + delta + 1;
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (delta >= middle)
                return -ENOSPC;

        *split_pos = ocfs2_get_ref_rec_low_cpos(&rl->rl_recs[*split_index]);
        return 0;
}

static int ocfs2_divide_leaf_refcount_block(struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                            struct buffer_head *new_bh,
                                            u32 *split_cpos)
{
        int split_index = 0, num_moved, ret;
        u32 cpos = 0;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_list *rl = &rb->rf_records;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *new_rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)new_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_list *new_rl = &new_rb->rf_records;

        trace_ocfs2_divide_leaf_refcount_block(
                (unsigned long long)ref_leaf_bh->b_blocknr,
                le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_count), le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_used));

        /*
         * XXX: Improvement later.
         * If we know all the high 32 bit cpos is the same, no need to sort.
         *
         * In order to make the whole process safe, we do:
         * 1. sort the entries by their low 32 bit cpos first so that we can
         *    find the split cpos easily.
         * 2. call ocfs2_insert_extent to insert the new refcount block.
         * 3. move the refcount rec to the new block.
         * 4. sort the entries by their 64 bit cpos.
         * 5. dirty the new_rb and rb.
         */
        sort(&rl->rl_recs, le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_used),
             sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec),
             cmp_refcount_rec_by_low_cpos, swap_refcount_rec);

        ret = ocfs2_find_refcount_split_pos(rl, &cpos, &split_index);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }

        new_rb->rf_cpos = cpu_to_le32(cpos);

        /* move refcount records starting from split_index to the new block. */
        num_moved = le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_used) - split_index;
        memcpy(new_rl->rl_recs, &rl->rl_recs[split_index],
               num_moved * sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec));

        /*ok, remove the entries we just moved over to the other block. */
        memset(&rl->rl_recs[split_index], 0,
               num_moved * sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec));

        /* change old and new rl_used accordingly. */
        le16_add_cpu(&rl->rl_used, -num_moved);
        new_rl->rl_used = cpu_to_le16(num_moved);

        sort(&rl->rl_recs, le16_to_cpu(rl->rl_used),
             sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec),
             cmp_refcount_rec_by_cpos, swap_refcount_rec);

        sort(&new_rl->rl_recs, le16_to_cpu(new_rl->rl_used),
             sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec),
             cmp_refcount_rec_by_cpos, swap_refcount_rec);

        *split_cpos = cpos;
        return 0;
}

static int ocfs2_new_leaf_refcount_block(handle_t *handle,
                                         struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                         struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                         struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                         struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac)
{
        int ret;
        u16 suballoc_bit_start;
        u32 num_got, new_cpos;
        u64 suballoc_loc, blkno;
        struct super_block *sb = ocfs2_metadata_cache_get_super(ci);
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *root_rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;
        struct buffer_head *new_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *new_rb;
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree ref_et;

        BUG_ON(!(le32_to_cpu(root_rb->rf_flags) & OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_FL));

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, ref_leaf_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_claim_metadata(handle, meta_ac, 1, &suballoc_loc,
                                   &suballoc_bit_start, &num_got,
                                   &blkno);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        new_bh = sb_getblk(sb, blkno);
        if (new_bh == NULL) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }
        ocfs2_set_new_buffer_uptodate(ci, new_bh);

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, new_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_CREATE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        /* Initialize ocfs2_refcount_block. */
        new_rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)new_bh->b_data;
        memset(new_rb, 0, sb->s_blocksize);
        strcpy((void *)new_rb, OCFS2_REFCOUNT_BLOCK_SIGNATURE);
        new_rb->rf_suballoc_slot = cpu_to_le16(meta_ac->ac_alloc_slot);
        new_rb->rf_suballoc_loc = cpu_to_le64(suballoc_loc);
        new_rb->rf_suballoc_bit = cpu_to_le16(suballoc_bit_start);
        new_rb->rf_fs_generation = cpu_to_le32(OCFS2_SB(sb)->fs_generation);
        new_rb->rf_blkno = cpu_to_le64(blkno);
        new_rb->rf_parent = cpu_to_le64(ref_root_bh->b_blocknr);
        new_rb->rf_flags = cpu_to_le32(OCFS2_REFCOUNT_LEAF_FL);
        new_rb->rf_records.rl_count =
                                cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_refcount_recs_per_rb(sb));
        new_rb->rf_generation = root_rb->rf_generation;

        ret = ocfs2_divide_leaf_refcount_block(ref_leaf_bh, new_bh, &new_cpos);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ref_leaf_bh);
        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, new_bh);

        ocfs2_init_refcount_extent_tree(&ref_et, ci, ref_root_bh);

        trace_ocfs2_new_leaf_refcount_block(
                        (unsigned long long)new_bh->b_blocknr, new_cpos);

        /* Insert the new leaf block with the specific offset cpos. */
        ret = ocfs2_insert_extent(handle, &ref_et, new_cpos, new_bh->b_blocknr,
                                  1, 0, meta_ac);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);

out:
        brelse(new_bh);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_expand_refcount_tree(handle_t *handle,
                                      struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                      struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                      struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                      struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac)
{
        int ret;
        struct buffer_head *expand_bh = NULL;

        if (ref_root_bh == ref_leaf_bh) {
                /*
                 * the old root bh hasn't been expanded to a b-tree,
                 * so expand it first.
                 */
                ret = ocfs2_expand_inline_ref_root(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                   &expand_bh, meta_ac);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
        } else {
                expand_bh = ref_leaf_bh;
                get_bh(expand_bh);
        }


        /* Now add a new refcount block into the tree.*/
        ret = ocfs2_new_leaf_refcount_block(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                            expand_bh, meta_ac);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);
out:
        brelse(expand_bh);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Adjust the extent rec in b-tree representing ref_leaf_bh.
 *
 * Only called when we have inserted a new refcount rec at index 0
 * which means ocfs2_extent_rec.e_cpos may need some change.
 */
static int ocfs2_adjust_refcount_rec(handle_t *handle,
                                     struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                     struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                     struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                     struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *rec)
{
        int ret = 0, i;
        u32 new_cpos, old_cpos;
        struct ocfs2_path *path = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree et;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_extent_list *el;

        if (!(le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_flags) & OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_FL))
                goto out;

        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
        old_cpos = le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_cpos);
        new_cpos = le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos) & OCFS2_32BIT_POS_MASK;
        if (old_cpos <= new_cpos)
                goto out;

        ocfs2_init_refcount_extent_tree(&et, ci, ref_root_bh);

        path = ocfs2_new_path_from_et(&et);
        if (!path) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_find_path(ci, path, old_cpos);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * 2 more credits, one for the leaf refcount block, one for
         * the extent block contains the extent rec.
         */
        ret = ocfs2_extend_trans(handle, 2);
        if (ret < 0) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, ref_leaf_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret < 0) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_eb(handle, ci, path_leaf_bh(path),
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret < 0) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        /* change the leaf extent block first. */
        el = path_leaf_el(path);

        for (i = 0; i < le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec); i++)
                if (le32_to_cpu(el->l_recs[i].e_cpos) == old_cpos)
                        break;

        BUG_ON(i == le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec));

        el->l_recs[i].e_cpos = cpu_to_le32(new_cpos);

        /* change the r_cpos in the leaf block. */
        rb->rf_cpos = cpu_to_le32(new_cpos);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, path_leaf_bh(path));
        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ref_leaf_bh);

out:
        ocfs2_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_insert_refcount_rec(handle_t *handle,
                                     struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                     struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                     struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                     struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *rec,
                                     int index, int merge,
                                     struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac)
{
        int ret;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_list *rf_list = &rb->rf_records;
        struct buffer_head *new_bh = NULL;

        BUG_ON(le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_flags) & OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_FL);

        if (rf_list->rl_used == rf_list->rl_count) {
                u64 cpos = le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos);
                u32 len = le32_to_cpu(rec->r_clusters);

                ret = ocfs2_expand_refcount_tree(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                 ref_leaf_bh, meta_ac);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_rec(ci, ref_root_bh,
                                             cpos, len, NULL, &index,
                                             &new_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                ref_leaf_bh = new_bh;
                rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
                rf_list = &rb->rf_records;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, ref_leaf_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        if (index < le16_to_cpu(rf_list->rl_used))
                memmove(&rf_list->rl_recs[index + 1],
                        &rf_list->rl_recs[index],
                        (le16_to_cpu(rf_list->rl_used) - index) *
                         sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec));

        trace_ocfs2_insert_refcount_rec(
                (unsigned long long)ref_leaf_bh->b_blocknr, index,
                (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos),
                le32_to_cpu(rec->r_clusters), le32_to_cpu(rec->r_refcount));

        rf_list->rl_recs[index] = *rec;

        le16_add_cpu(&rf_list->rl_used, 1);

        if (merge)
                ocfs2_refcount_rec_merge(rb, index);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ref_leaf_bh);

        if (index == 0) {
                ret = ocfs2_adjust_refcount_rec(handle, ci,
                                                ref_root_bh,
                                                ref_leaf_bh, rec);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
        }
out:
        brelse(new_bh);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Split the refcount_rec indexed by "index" in ref_leaf_bh.
 * This is much simple than our b-tree code.
 * split_rec is the new refcount rec we want to insert.
 * If split_rec->r_refcount > 0, we are changing the refcount(in case we
 * increase refcount or decrease a refcount to non-zero).
 * If split_rec->r_refcount == 0, we are punching a hole in current refcount
 * rec( in case we decrease a refcount to zero).
 */
static int ocfs2_split_refcount_rec(handle_t *handle,
                                    struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                    struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                    struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                    struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *split_rec,
                                    int index, int merge,
                                    struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                                    struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        int ret, recs_need;
        u32 len;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_list *rf_list = &rb->rf_records;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *orig_rec = &rf_list->rl_recs[index];
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *tail_rec = NULL;
        struct buffer_head *new_bh = NULL;

        BUG_ON(le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_flags) & OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_FL);

        trace_ocfs2_split_refcount_rec(le64_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_cpos),
                le32_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_clusters),
                le32_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_refcount),
                le64_to_cpu(split_rec->r_cpos),
                le32_to_cpu(split_rec->r_clusters),
                le32_to_cpu(split_rec->r_refcount));

        /*
         * If we just need to split the header or tail clusters,
         * no more recs are needed, just split is OK.
         * Otherwise we at least need one new recs.
         */
        if (!split_rec->r_refcount &&
            (split_rec->r_cpos == orig_rec->r_cpos ||
             le64_to_cpu(split_rec->r_cpos) +
             le32_to_cpu(split_rec->r_clusters) ==
             le64_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_cpos) + le32_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_clusters)))
                recs_need = 0;
        else
                recs_need = 1;

        /*
         * We need one more rec if we split in the middle and the new rec have
         * some refcount in it.
         */
        if (split_rec->r_refcount &&
            (split_rec->r_cpos != orig_rec->r_cpos &&
             le64_to_cpu(split_rec->r_cpos) +
             le32_to_cpu(split_rec->r_clusters) !=
             le64_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_cpos) + le32_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_clusters)))
                recs_need++;

        /* If the leaf block don't have enough record, expand it. */
        if (le16_to_cpu(rf_list->rl_used) + recs_need >
                                         le16_to_cpu(rf_list->rl_count)) {
                struct ocfs2_refcount_rec tmp_rec;
                u64 cpos = le64_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_cpos);
                len = le32_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_clusters);
                ret = ocfs2_expand_refcount_tree(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                 ref_leaf_bh, meta_ac);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                /*
                 * We have to re-get it since now cpos may be moved to
                 * another leaf block.
                 */
                ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_rec(ci, ref_root_bh,
                                             cpos, len, &tmp_rec, &index,
                                             &new_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                ref_leaf_bh = new_bh;
                rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
                rf_list = &rb->rf_records;
                orig_rec = &rf_list->rl_recs[index];
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, ref_leaf_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * We have calculated out how many new records we need and store
         * in recs_need, so spare enough space first by moving the records
         * after "index" to the end.
         */
        if (index != le16_to_cpu(rf_list->rl_used) - 1)
                memmove(&rf_list->rl_recs[index + 1 + recs_need],
                        &rf_list->rl_recs[index + 1],
                        (le16_to_cpu(rf_list->rl_used) - index - 1) *
                         sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec));

        len = (le64_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_cpos) +
              le32_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_clusters)) -
              (le64_to_cpu(split_rec->r_cpos) +
              le32_to_cpu(split_rec->r_clusters));

        /*
         * If we have "len", the we will split in the tail and move it
         * to the end of the space we have just spared.
         */
        if (len) {
                tail_rec = &rf_list->rl_recs[index + recs_need];

                memcpy(tail_rec, orig_rec, sizeof(struct ocfs2_refcount_rec));
                le64_add_cpu(&tail_rec->r_cpos,
                             le32_to_cpu(tail_rec->r_clusters) - len);
                tail_rec->r_clusters = cpu_to_le32(len);
        }

        /*
         * If the split pos isn't the same as the original one, we need to
         * split in the head.
         *
         * Note: We have the chance that split_rec.r_refcount = 0,
         * recs_need = 0 and len > 0, which means we just cut the head from
         * the orig_rec and in that case we have done some modification in
         * orig_rec above, so the check for r_cpos is faked.
         */
        if (split_rec->r_cpos != orig_rec->r_cpos && tail_rec != orig_rec) {
                len = le64_to_cpu(split_rec->r_cpos) -
                      le64_to_cpu(orig_rec->r_cpos);
                orig_rec->r_clusters = cpu_to_le32(len);
                index++;
        }

        le16_add_cpu(&rf_list->rl_used, recs_need);

        if (split_rec->r_refcount) {
                rf_list->rl_recs[index] = *split_rec;
                trace_ocfs2_split_refcount_rec_insert(
                        (unsigned long long)ref_leaf_bh->b_blocknr, index,
                        (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(split_rec->r_cpos),
                        le32_to_cpu(split_rec->r_clusters),
                        le32_to_cpu(split_rec->r_refcount));

                if (merge)
                        ocfs2_refcount_rec_merge(rb, index);
        }

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ref_leaf_bh);

out:
        brelse(new_bh);
        return ret;
}

static int __ocfs2_increase_refcount(handle_t *handle,
                                     struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                     struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                     u64 cpos, u32 len, int merge,
                                     struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                                     struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        int ret = 0, index;
        struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec rec;
        unsigned int set_len = 0;

        trace_ocfs2_increase_refcount_begin(
             (unsigned long long)ocfs2_metadata_cache_owner(ci),
             (unsigned long long)cpos, len);

        while (len) {
                ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_rec(ci, ref_root_bh,
                                             cpos, len, &rec, &index,
                                             &ref_leaf_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                set_len = le32_to_cpu(rec.r_clusters);

                /*
                 * Here we may meet with 3 situations:
                 *
                 * 1. If we find an already existing record, and the length
                 *    is the same, cool, we just need to increase the r_refcount
                 *    and it is OK.
                 * 2. If we find a hole, just insert it with r_refcount = 1.
                 * 3. If we are in the middle of one extent record, split
                 *    it.
                 */
                if (rec.r_refcount && le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos) == cpos &&
                    set_len <= len) {
                        trace_ocfs2_increase_refcount_change(
                                (unsigned long long)cpos, set_len,
                                le32_to_cpu(rec.r_refcount));
                        ret = ocfs2_change_refcount_rec(handle, ci,
                                                        ref_leaf_bh, index,
                                                        merge, 1);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out;
                        }
                } else if (!rec.r_refcount) {
                        rec.r_refcount = cpu_to_le32(1);

                        trace_ocfs2_increase_refcount_insert(
                             (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos),
                             set_len);
                        ret = ocfs2_insert_refcount_rec(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                        ref_leaf_bh,
                                                        &rec, index,
                                                        merge, meta_ac);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out;
                        }
                } else  {
                        set_len = min((u64)(cpos + len),
                                      le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos) + set_len) - cpos;
                        rec.r_cpos = cpu_to_le64(cpos);
                        rec.r_clusters = cpu_to_le32(set_len);
                        le32_add_cpu(&rec.r_refcount, 1);

                        trace_ocfs2_increase_refcount_split(
                             (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos),
                             set_len, le32_to_cpu(rec.r_refcount));
                        ret = ocfs2_split_refcount_rec(handle, ci,
                                                       ref_root_bh, ref_leaf_bh,
                                                       &rec, index, merge,
                                                       meta_ac, dealloc);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out;
                        }
                }

                cpos += set_len;
                len -= set_len;
                brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
                ref_leaf_bh = NULL;
        }

out:
        brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_remove_refcount_extent(handle_t *handle,
                                struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                                struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        int ret;
        struct super_block *sb = ocfs2_metadata_cache_get_super(ci);
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree et;

        BUG_ON(rb->rf_records.rl_used);

        trace_ocfs2_remove_refcount_extent(
                (unsigned long long)ocfs2_metadata_cache_owner(ci),
                (unsigned long long)ref_leaf_bh->b_blocknr,
                le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_cpos));

        ocfs2_init_refcount_extent_tree(&et, ci, ref_root_bh);
        ret = ocfs2_remove_extent(handle, &et, le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_cpos),
                                  1, meta_ac, dealloc);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ocfs2_remove_from_cache(ci, ref_leaf_bh);

        /*
         * add the freed block to the dealloc so that it will be freed
         * when we run dealloc.
         */
        ret = ocfs2_cache_block_dealloc(dealloc, EXTENT_ALLOC_SYSTEM_INODE,
                                        le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_suballoc_slot),
                                        le64_to_cpu(rb->rf_suballoc_loc),
                                        le64_to_cpu(rb->rf_blkno),
                                        le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_suballoc_bit));
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_rb(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;

        le32_add_cpu(&rb->rf_clusters, -1);

        /*
         * check whether we need to restore the root refcount block if
         * there is no leaf extent block at atll.
         */
        if (!rb->rf_list.l_next_free_rec) {
                BUG_ON(rb->rf_clusters);

                trace_ocfs2_restore_refcount_block(
                     (unsigned long long)ref_root_bh->b_blocknr);

                rb->rf_flags = 0;
                rb->rf_parent = 0;
                rb->rf_cpos = 0;
                memset(&rb->rf_records, 0, sb->s_blocksize -
                       offsetof(struct ocfs2_refcount_block, rf_records));
                rb->rf_records.rl_count =
                                cpu_to_le16(ocfs2_refcount_recs_per_rb(sb));
        }

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, ref_root_bh);

out:
        return ret;
}

int ocfs2_increase_refcount(handle_t *handle,
                            struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                            struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                            u64 cpos, u32 len,
                            struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                            struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        return __ocfs2_increase_refcount(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                         cpos, len, 1,
                                         meta_ac, dealloc);
}

static int ocfs2_decrease_refcount_rec(handle_t *handle,
                                struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh,
                                int index, u64 cpos, unsigned int len,
                                struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                                struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        int ret;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb =
                        (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec *rec = &rb->rf_records.rl_recs[index];

        BUG_ON(cpos < le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos));
        BUG_ON(cpos + len >
               le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos) + le32_to_cpu(rec->r_clusters));

        trace_ocfs2_decrease_refcount_rec(
                (unsigned long long)ocfs2_metadata_cache_owner(ci),
                (unsigned long long)cpos, len);

        if (cpos == le64_to_cpu(rec->r_cpos) &&
            len == le32_to_cpu(rec->r_clusters))
                ret = ocfs2_change_refcount_rec(handle, ci,
                                                ref_leaf_bh, index, 1, -1);
        else {
                struct ocfs2_refcount_rec split = *rec;
                split.r_cpos = cpu_to_le64(cpos);
                split.r_clusters = cpu_to_le32(len);

                le32_add_cpu(&split.r_refcount, -1);

                ret = ocfs2_split_refcount_rec(handle, ci,
                                               ref_root_bh, ref_leaf_bh,
                                               &split, index, 1,
                                               meta_ac, dealloc);
        }

        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        /* Remove the leaf refcount block if it contains no refcount record. */
        if (!rb->rf_records.rl_used && ref_leaf_bh != ref_root_bh) {
                ret = ocfs2_remove_refcount_extent(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                   ref_leaf_bh, meta_ac,
                                                   dealloc);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
        }

out:
        return ret;
}

static int __ocfs2_decrease_refcount(handle_t *handle,
                                     struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                     struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                     u64 cpos, u32 len,
                                     struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                                     struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc,
                                     int delete)
{
        int ret = 0, index = 0;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec rec;
        unsigned int r_count = 0, r_len;
        struct super_block *sb = ocfs2_metadata_cache_get_super(ci);
        struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh = NULL;

        trace_ocfs2_decrease_refcount(
                (unsigned long long)ocfs2_metadata_cache_owner(ci),
                (unsigned long long)cpos, len, delete);

        while (len) {
                ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_rec(ci, ref_root_bh,
                                             cpos, len, &rec, &index,
                                             &ref_leaf_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                r_count = le32_to_cpu(rec.r_refcount);
                BUG_ON(r_count == 0);
                if (!delete)
                        BUG_ON(r_count > 1);

                r_len = min((u64)(cpos + len), le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos) +
                              le32_to_cpu(rec.r_clusters)) - cpos;

                ret = ocfs2_decrease_refcount_rec(handle, ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                  ref_leaf_bh, index,
                                                  cpos, r_len,
                                                  meta_ac, dealloc);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                if (le32_to_cpu(rec.r_refcount) == 1 && delete) {
                        ret = ocfs2_cache_cluster_dealloc(dealloc,
                                          ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(sb, cpos),
                                                          r_len);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out;
                        }
                }

                cpos += r_len;
                len -= r_len;
                brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
                ref_leaf_bh = NULL;
        }

out:
        brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
        return ret;
}

/* Caller must hold refcount tree lock. */
int ocfs2_decrease_refcount(struct inode *inode,
                            handle_t *handle, u32 cpos, u32 len,
                            struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                            struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc,
                            int delete)
{
        int ret;
        u64 ref_blkno;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree;

        BUG_ON(!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode));

        ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_block(inode, &ref_blkno);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_tree(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb), ref_blkno, &tree);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_read_refcount_block(&tree->rf_ci, tree->rf_blkno,
                                        &ref_root_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = __ocfs2_decrease_refcount(handle, &tree->rf_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                        cpos, len, meta_ac, dealloc, delete);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);
out:
        brelse(ref_root_bh);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Mark the already-existing extent at cpos as refcounted for len clusters.
 * This adds the refcount extent flag.
 *
 * If the existing extent is larger than the request, initiate a
 * split. An attempt will be made at merging with adjacent extents.
 *
 * The caller is responsible for passing down meta_ac if we'll need it.
 */
static int ocfs2_mark_extent_refcounted(struct inode *inode,
                                struct ocfs2_extent_tree *et,
                                handle_t *handle, u32 cpos,
                                u32 len, u32 phys,
                                struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                                struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        int ret;

        trace_ocfs2_mark_extent_refcounted(OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_blkno,
                                           cpos, len, phys);

        if (!ocfs2_refcount_tree(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb))) {
                ret = ocfs2_error(inode->i_sb, "Inode %lu want to use refcount tree, but the feature bit is not set in the super block\n",
                                  inode->i_ino);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_change_extent_flag(handle, et, cpos,
                                       len, phys, meta_ac, dealloc,
                                       OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED, 0);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);

out:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Given some contiguous physical clusters, calculate what we need
 * for modifying their refcount.
 */
static int ocfs2_calc_refcount_meta_credits(struct super_block *sb,
                                            struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci,
                                            struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                            u64 start_cpos,
                                            u32 clusters,
                                            int *meta_add,
                                            int *credits)
{
        int ret = 0, index, ref_blocks = 0, recs_add = 0;
        u64 cpos = start_cpos;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec rec;
        struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh = NULL, *prev_bh = NULL;
        u32 len;

        while (clusters) {
                ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_rec(ci, ref_root_bh,
                                             cpos, clusters, &rec,
                                             &index, &ref_leaf_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                if (ref_leaf_bh != prev_bh) {
                        /*
                         * Now we encounter a new leaf block, so calculate
                         * whether we need to extend the old leaf.
                         */
                        if (prev_bh) {
                                rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)
                                                        prev_bh->b_data;

                                if (le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used) +
                                    recs_add >
                                    le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_count))
                                        ref_blocks++;
                        }

                        recs_add = 0;
                        *credits += 1;
                        brelse(prev_bh);
                        prev_bh = ref_leaf_bh;
                        get_bh(prev_bh);
                }

                trace_ocfs2_calc_refcount_meta_credits_iterate(
                                recs_add, (unsigned long long)cpos, clusters,
                                (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos),
                                le32_to_cpu(rec.r_clusters),
                                le32_to_cpu(rec.r_refcount), index);

                len = min((u64)cpos + clusters, le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos) +
                          le32_to_cpu(rec.r_clusters)) - cpos;
                /*
                 * We record all the records which will be inserted to the
                 * same refcount block, so that we can tell exactly whether
                 * we need a new refcount block or not.
                 *
                 * If we will insert a new one, this is easy and only happens
                 * during adding refcounted flag to the extent, so we don't
                 * have a chance of spliting. We just need one record.
                 *
                 * If the refcount rec already exists, that would be a little
                 * complicated. we may have to:
                 * 1) split at the beginning if the start pos isn't aligned.
                 *    we need 1 more record in this case.
                 * 2) split int the end if the end pos isn't aligned.
                 *    we need 1 more record in this case.
                 * 3) split in the middle because of file system fragmentation.
                 *    we need 2 more records in this case(we can't detect this
                 *    beforehand, so always think of the worst case).
                 */
                if (rec.r_refcount) {
                        recs_add += 2;
                        /* Check whether we need a split at the beginning. */
                        if (cpos == start_cpos &&
                            cpos != le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos))
                                recs_add++;

                        /* Check whether we need a split in the end. */
                        if (cpos + clusters < le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos) +
                            le32_to_cpu(rec.r_clusters))
                                recs_add++;
                } else
                        recs_add++;

                brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
                ref_leaf_bh = NULL;
                clusters -= len;
                cpos += len;
        }

        if (prev_bh) {
                rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)prev_bh->b_data;

                if (le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used) + recs_add >
                    le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_count))
                        ref_blocks++;

                *credits += 1;
        }

        if (!ref_blocks)
                goto out;

        *meta_add += ref_blocks;
        *credits += ref_blocks;

        /*
         * So we may need ref_blocks to insert into the tree.
         * That also means we need to change the b-tree and add that number
         * of records since we never merge them.
         * We need one more block for expansion since the new created leaf
         * block is also full and needs split.
         */
        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;
        if (le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_flags) & OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_FL) {
                struct ocfs2_extent_tree et;

                ocfs2_init_refcount_extent_tree(&et, ci, ref_root_bh);
                *meta_add += ocfs2_extend_meta_needed(et.et_root_el);
                *credits += ocfs2_calc_extend_credits(sb,
                                                      et.et_root_el);
        } else {
                *credits += OCFS2_EXPAND_REFCOUNT_TREE_CREDITS;
                *meta_add += 1;
        }

out:

        trace_ocfs2_calc_refcount_meta_credits(
                (unsigned long long)start_cpos, clusters,
                *meta_add, *credits);
        brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
        brelse(prev_bh);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * For refcount tree, we will decrease some contiguous clusters
 * refcount count, so just go through it to see how many blocks
 * we gonna touch and whether we need to create new blocks.
 *
 * Normally the refcount blocks store these refcount should be
 * contiguous also, so that we can get the number easily.
 * We will at most add split 2 refcount records and 2 more
 * refcount blocks, so just check it in a rough way.
 *
 * Caller must hold refcount tree lock.
 */
int ocfs2_prepare_refcount_change_for_del(struct inode *inode,
                                          u64 refcount_loc,
                                          u64 phys_blkno,
                                          u32 clusters,
                                          int *credits,
                                          int *ref_blocks)
{
        int ret;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *tree;
        u64 start_cpos = ocfs2_blocks_to_clusters(inode->i_sb, phys_blkno);

        if (!ocfs2_refcount_tree(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb))) {
                ret = ocfs2_error(inode->i_sb, "Inode %lu want to use refcount tree, but the feature bit is not set in the super block\n",
                                  inode->i_ino);
                goto out;
        }

        BUG_ON(!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode));

        ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_tree(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb),
                                      refcount_loc, &tree);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_read_refcount_block(&tree->rf_ci, refcount_loc,
                                        &ref_root_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_calc_refcount_meta_credits(inode->i_sb,
                                               &tree->rf_ci,
                                               ref_root_bh,
                                               start_cpos, clusters,
                                               ref_blocks, credits);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        trace_ocfs2_prepare_refcount_change_for_del(*ref_blocks, *credits);

out:
        brelse(ref_root_bh);
        return ret;
}

#define MAX_CONTIG_BYTES        1048576

static inline unsigned int ocfs2_cow_contig_clusters(struct super_block *sb)
{
        return ocfs2_clusters_for_bytes(sb, MAX_CONTIG_BYTES);
}

static inline unsigned int ocfs2_cow_contig_mask(struct super_block *sb)
{
        return ~(ocfs2_cow_contig_clusters(sb) - 1);
}

/*
 * Given an extent that starts at 'start' and an I/O that starts at 'cpos',
 * find an offset (start + (n * contig_clusters)) that is closest to cpos
 * while still being less than or equal to it.
 *
 * The goal is to break the extent at a multiple of contig_clusters.
 */
static inline unsigned int ocfs2_cow_align_start(struct super_block *sb,
                                                 unsigned int start,
                                                 unsigned int cpos)
{
        BUG_ON(start > cpos);

        return start + ((cpos - start) & ocfs2_cow_contig_mask(sb));
}

/*
 * Given a cluster count of len, pad it out so that it is a multiple
 * of contig_clusters.
 */
static inline unsigned int ocfs2_cow_align_length(struct super_block *sb,
                                                  unsigned int len)
{
        unsigned int padded =
                (len + (ocfs2_cow_contig_clusters(sb) - 1)) &
                ocfs2_cow_contig_mask(sb);

        /* Did we wrap? */
        if (padded < len)
                padded = UINT_MAX;

        return padded;
}

/*
 * Calculate out the start and number of virtual clusters we need to to CoW.
 *
 * cpos is vitual start cluster position we want to do CoW in a
 * file and write_len is the cluster length.
 * max_cpos is the place where we want to stop CoW intentionally.
 *
 * Normal we will start CoW from the beginning of extent record cotaining cpos.
 * We try to break up extents on boundaries of MAX_CONTIG_BYTES so that we
 * get good I/O from the resulting extent tree.
 */
static int ocfs2_refcount_cal_cow_clusters(struct inode *inode,
                                           struct ocfs2_extent_list *el,
                                           u32 cpos,
                                           u32 write_len,
                                           u32 max_cpos,
                                           u32 *cow_start,
                                           u32 *cow_len)
{
        int ret = 0;
        int tree_height = le16_to_cpu(el->l_tree_depth), i;
        struct buffer_head *eb_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_extent_block *eb = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_extent_rec *rec;
        unsigned int want_clusters, rec_end = 0;
        int contig_clusters = ocfs2_cow_contig_clusters(inode->i_sb);
        int leaf_clusters;

        BUG_ON(cpos + write_len > max_cpos);

        if (tree_height > 0) {
                ret = ocfs2_find_leaf(INODE_CACHE(inode), el, cpos, &eb_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                eb = (struct ocfs2_extent_block *) eb_bh->b_data;
                el = &eb->h_list;

                if (el->l_tree_depth) {
                        ret = ocfs2_error(inode->i_sb,
                                          "Inode %lu has non zero tree depth in leaf block %llu\n",
                                          inode->i_ino,
                                          (unsigned long long)eb_bh->b_blocknr);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        *cow_len = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec); i++) {
                rec = &el->l_recs[i];

                if (ocfs2_is_empty_extent(rec)) {
                        mlog_bug_on_msg(i != 0, "Inode %lu has empty record in "
                                        "index %d\n", inode->i_ino, i);
                        continue;
                }

                if (le32_to_cpu(rec->e_cpos) +
                    le16_to_cpu(rec->e_leaf_clusters) <= cpos)
                        continue;

                if (*cow_len == 0) {
                        /*
                         * We should find a refcounted record in the
                         * first pass.
                         */
                        BUG_ON(!(rec->e_flags & OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED));
                        *cow_start = le32_to_cpu(rec->e_cpos);
                }

                /*
                 * If we encounter a hole, a non-refcounted record or
                 * pass the max_cpos, stop the search.
                 */
                if ((!(rec->e_flags & OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED)) ||
                    (*cow_len && rec_end != le32_to_cpu(rec->e_cpos)) ||
                    (max_cpos <= le32_to_cpu(rec->e_cpos)))
                        break;

                leaf_clusters = le16_to_cpu(rec->e_leaf_clusters);
                rec_end = le32_to_cpu(rec->e_cpos) + leaf_clusters;
                if (rec_end > max_cpos) {
                        rec_end = max_cpos;
                        leaf_clusters = rec_end - le32_to_cpu(rec->e_cpos);
                }

                /*
                 * How many clusters do we actually need from
                 * this extent?  First we see how many we actually
                 * need to complete the write.  If that's smaller
                 * than contig_clusters, we try for contig_clusters.
                 */
                if (!*cow_len)
                        want_clusters = write_len;
                else
                        want_clusters = (cpos + write_len) -
                                (*cow_start + *cow_len);
                if (want_clusters < contig_clusters)
                        want_clusters = contig_clusters;

                /*
                 * If the write does not cover the whole extent, we
                 * need to calculate how we're going to split the extent.
                 * We try to do it on contig_clusters boundaries.
                 *
                 * Any extent smaller than contig_clusters will be
                 * CoWed in its entirety.
                 */
                if (leaf_clusters <= contig_clusters)
                        *cow_len += leaf_clusters;
                else if (*cow_len || (*cow_start == cpos)) {
                        /*
                         * This extent needs to be CoW'd from its
                         * beginning, so all we have to do is compute
                         * how many clusters to grab.  We align
                         * want_clusters to the edge of contig_clusters
                         * to get better I/O.
                         */
                        want_clusters = ocfs2_cow_align_length(inode->i_sb,
                                                               want_clusters);

                        if (leaf_clusters < want_clusters)
                                *cow_len += leaf_clusters;
                        else
                                *cow_len += want_clusters;
                } else if ((*cow_start + contig_clusters) >=
                           (cpos + write_len)) {
                        /*
                         * Breaking off contig_clusters at the front
                         * of the extent will cover our write.  That's
                         * easy.
                         */
                        *cow_len = contig_clusters;
                } else if ((rec_end - cpos) <= contig_clusters) {
                        /*
                         * Breaking off contig_clusters at the tail of
                         * this extent will cover cpos.
                         */
                        *cow_start = rec_end - contig_clusters;
                        *cow_len = contig_clusters;
                } else if ((rec_end - cpos) <= want_clusters) {
                        /*
                         * While we can't fit the entire write in this
                         * extent, we know that the write goes from cpos
                         * to the end of the extent.  Break that off.
                         * We try to break it at some multiple of
                         * contig_clusters from the front of the extent.
                         * Failing that (ie, cpos is within
                         * contig_clusters of the front), we'll CoW the
                         * entire extent.
                         */
                        *cow_start = ocfs2_cow_align_start(inode->i_sb,
                                                           *cow_start, cpos);
                        *cow_len = rec_end - *cow_start;
                } else {
                        /*
                         * Ok, the entire write lives in the middle of
                         * this extent.  Let's try to slice the extent up
                         * nicely.  Optimally, our CoW region starts at
                         * m*contig_clusters from the beginning of the
                         * extent and goes for n*contig_clusters,
                         * covering the entire write.
                         */
                        *cow_start = ocfs2_cow_align_start(inode->i_sb,
                                                           *cow_start, cpos);

                        want_clusters = (cpos + write_len) - *cow_start;
                        want_clusters = ocfs2_cow_align_length(inode->i_sb,
                                                               want_clusters);
                        if (*cow_start + want_clusters <= rec_end)
                                *cow_len = want_clusters;
                        else
                                *cow_len = rec_end - *cow_start;
                }

                /* Have we covered our entire write yet? */
                if ((*cow_start + *cow_len) >= (cpos + write_len))
                        break;

                /*
                 * If we reach the end of the extent block and don't get enough
                 * clusters, continue with the next extent block if possible.
                 */
                if (i + 1 == le16_to_cpu(el->l_next_free_rec) &&
                    eb && eb->h_next_leaf_blk) {
                        brelse(eb_bh);
                        eb_bh = NULL;

                        ret = ocfs2_read_extent_block(INODE_CACHE(inode),
                                               le64_to_cpu(eb->h_next_leaf_blk),
                                               &eb_bh);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out;
                        }

                        eb = (struct ocfs2_extent_block *) eb_bh->b_data;
                        el = &eb->h_list;
                        i = -1;
                }
        }

out:
        brelse(eb_bh);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Prepare meta_ac, data_ac and calculate credits when we want to add some
 * num_clusters in data_tree "et" and change the refcount for the old
 * clusters(starting form p_cluster) in the refcount tree.
 *
 * Note:
 * 1. since we may split the old tree, so we at most will need num_clusters + 2
 *    more new leaf records.
 * 2. In some case, we may not need to reserve new clusters(e.g, reflink), so
 *    just give data_ac = NULL.
 */
static int ocfs2_lock_refcount_allocators(struct super_block *sb,
                                        u32 p_cluster, u32 num_clusters,
                                        struct ocfs2_extent_tree *et,
                                        struct ocfs2_caching_info *ref_ci,
                                        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                        struct ocfs2_alloc_context **meta_ac,
                                        struct ocfs2_alloc_context **data_ac,
                                        int *credits)
{
        int ret = 0, meta_add = 0;
        int num_free_extents = ocfs2_num_free_extents(et);

        if (num_free_extents < 0) {
                ret = num_free_extents;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        if (num_free_extents < num_clusters + 2)
                meta_add =
                        ocfs2_extend_meta_needed(et->et_root_el);

        *credits += ocfs2_calc_extend_credits(sb, et->et_root_el);

        ret = ocfs2_calc_refcount_meta_credits(sb, ref_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                               p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                               &meta_add, credits);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        trace_ocfs2_lock_refcount_allocators(meta_add, *credits);
        ret = ocfs2_reserve_new_metadata_blocks(OCFS2_SB(sb), meta_add,
                                                meta_ac);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        if (data_ac) {
                ret = ocfs2_reserve_clusters(OCFS2_SB(sb), num_clusters,
                                             data_ac);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
        }

out:
        if (ret) {
                if (*meta_ac) {
                        ocfs2_free_alloc_context(*meta_ac);
                        *meta_ac = NULL;
                }
        }

        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_clear_cow_buffer(handle_t *handle, struct buffer_head *bh)
{
        BUG_ON(buffer_dirty(bh));

        clear_buffer_mapped(bh);

        return 0;
}

int ocfs2_duplicate_clusters_by_page(handle_t *handle,
                                     struct inode *inode,
                                     u32 cpos, u32 old_cluster,
                                     u32 new_cluster, u32 new_len)
{
        int ret = 0, partial;
        struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
        u64 new_block = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(sb, new_cluster);
        struct page *page;
        pgoff_t page_index;
        unsigned int from, to;
        loff_t offset, end, map_end;
        struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;

        trace_ocfs2_duplicate_clusters_by_page(cpos, old_cluster,
                                               new_cluster, new_len);

        offset = ((loff_t)cpos) << OCFS2_SB(sb)->s_clustersize_bits;
        end = offset + (new_len << OCFS2_SB(sb)->s_clustersize_bits);
        /*
         * We only duplicate pages until we reach the page contains i_size - 1.
         * So trim 'end' to i_size.
         */
        if (end > i_size_read(inode))
                end = i_size_read(inode);

        while (offset < end) {
                page_index = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
                map_end = ((loff_t)page_index + 1) << PAGE_SHIFT;
                if (map_end > end)
                        map_end = end;

                /* from, to is the offset within the page. */
                from = offset & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
                to = PAGE_SIZE;
                if (map_end & (PAGE_SIZE - 1))
                        to = map_end & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);

                page = find_or_create_page(mapping, page_index, GFP_NOFS);
                if (!page) {
                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        break;
                }

                /*
                 * In case PAGE_SIZE <= CLUSTER_SIZE, This page
                 * can't be dirtied before we CoW it out.
                 */
                if (PAGE_SIZE <= OCFS2_SB(sb)->s_clustersize)
                        BUG_ON(PageDirty(page));

                if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
                        ret = block_read_full_page(page, ocfs2_get_block);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto unlock;
                        }
                        lock_page(page);
                }

                if (page_has_buffers(page)) {
                        ret = walk_page_buffers(handle, page_buffers(page),
                                                from, to, &partial,
                                                ocfs2_clear_cow_buffer);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto unlock;
                        }
                }

                ocfs2_map_and_dirty_page(inode,
                                         handle, from, to,
                                         page, 0, &new_block);
                mark_page_accessed(page);
unlock:
                unlock_page(page);
                put_page(page);
                page = NULL;
                offset = map_end;
                if (ret)
                        break;
        }

        return ret;
}

int ocfs2_duplicate_clusters_by_jbd(handle_t *handle,
                                    struct inode *inode,
                                    u32 cpos, u32 old_cluster,
                                    u32 new_cluster, u32 new_len)
{
        int ret = 0;
        struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
        struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci = INODE_CACHE(inode);
        int i, blocks = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(sb, new_len);
        u64 old_block = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(sb, old_cluster);
        u64 new_block = ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(sb, new_cluster);
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(sb);
        struct buffer_head *old_bh = NULL;
        struct buffer_head *new_bh = NULL;

        trace_ocfs2_duplicate_clusters_by_page(cpos, old_cluster,
                                               new_cluster, new_len);

        for (i = 0; i < blocks; i++, old_block++, new_block++) {
                new_bh = sb_getblk(osb->sb, new_block);
                if (new_bh == NULL) {
                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        break;
                }

                ocfs2_set_new_buffer_uptodate(ci, new_bh);

                ret = ocfs2_read_block(ci, old_block, &old_bh, NULL);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        break;
                }

                ret = ocfs2_journal_access(handle, ci, new_bh,
                                           OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_CREATE);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        break;
                }

                memcpy(new_bh->b_data, old_bh->b_data, sb->s_blocksize);
                ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, new_bh);

                brelse(new_bh);
                brelse(old_bh);
                new_bh = NULL;
                old_bh = NULL;
        }

        brelse(new_bh);
        brelse(old_bh);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_clear_ext_refcount(handle_t *handle,
                                    struct ocfs2_extent_tree *et,
                                    u32 cpos, u32 p_cluster, u32 len,
                                    unsigned int ext_flags,
                                    struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac,
                                    struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        int ret, index;
        struct ocfs2_extent_rec replace_rec;
        struct ocfs2_path *path = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_extent_list *el;
        struct super_block *sb = ocfs2_metadata_cache_get_super(et->et_ci);
        u64 ino = ocfs2_metadata_cache_owner(et->et_ci);

        trace_ocfs2_clear_ext_refcount((unsigned long long)ino,
                                       cpos, len, p_cluster, ext_flags);

        memset(&replace_rec, 0, sizeof(replace_rec));
        replace_rec.e_cpos = cpu_to_le32(cpos);
        replace_rec.e_leaf_clusters = cpu_to_le16(len);
        replace_rec.e_blkno = cpu_to_le64(ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(sb,
                                                                   p_cluster));
        replace_rec.e_flags = ext_flags;
        replace_rec.e_flags &= ~OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED;

        path = ocfs2_new_path_from_et(et);
        if (!path) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_find_path(et->et_ci, path, cpos);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        el = path_leaf_el(path);

        index = ocfs2_search_extent_list(el, cpos);
        if (index == -1) {
                ret = ocfs2_error(sb,
                                  "Inode %llu has an extent at cpos %u which can no longer be found\n",
                                  (unsigned long long)ino, cpos);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_split_extent(handle, et, path, index,
                                 &replace_rec, meta_ac, dealloc);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);

out:
        ocfs2_free_path(path);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_replace_clusters(handle_t *handle,
                                  struct ocfs2_cow_context *context,
                                  u32 cpos, u32 old,
                                  u32 new, u32 len,
                                  unsigned int ext_flags)
{
        int ret;
        struct ocfs2_caching_info *ci = context->data_et.et_ci;
        u64 ino = ocfs2_metadata_cache_owner(ci);

        trace_ocfs2_replace_clusters((unsigned long long)ino,
                                     cpos, old, new, len, ext_flags);

        /*If the old clusters is unwritten, no need to duplicate. */
        if (!(ext_flags & OCFS2_EXT_UNWRITTEN)) {
                ret = context->cow_duplicate_clusters(handle, context->inode,
                                                      cpos, old, new, len);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        ret = ocfs2_clear_ext_refcount(handle, &context->data_et,
                                       cpos, new, len, ext_flags,
                                       context->meta_ac, &context->dealloc);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);
out:
        return ret;
}

int ocfs2_cow_sync_writeback(struct super_block *sb,
                             struct inode *inode,
                             u32 cpos, u32 num_clusters)
{
        int ret = 0;
        loff_t offset, end, map_end;
        pgoff_t page_index;
        struct page *page;

        if (ocfs2_should_order_data(inode))
                return 0;

        offset = ((loff_t)cpos) << OCFS2_SB(sb)->s_clustersize_bits;
        end = offset + (num_clusters << OCFS2_SB(sb)->s_clustersize_bits);

        ret = filemap_fdatawrite_range(inode->i_mapping,
                                       offset, end - 1);
        if (ret < 0) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }

        while (offset < end) {
                page_index = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
                map_end = ((loff_t)page_index + 1) << PAGE_SHIFT;
                if (map_end > end)
                        map_end = end;

                page = find_or_create_page(inode->i_mapping,
                                           page_index, GFP_NOFS);
                BUG_ON(!page);

                wait_on_page_writeback(page);
                if (PageError(page)) {
                        ret = -EIO;
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                } else
                        mark_page_accessed(page);

                unlock_page(page);
                put_page(page);
                page = NULL;
                offset = map_end;
                if (ret)
                        break;
        }

        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_di_get_clusters(struct ocfs2_cow_context *context,
                                 u32 v_cluster, u32 *p_cluster,
                                 u32 *num_clusters,
                                 unsigned int *extent_flags)
{
        return ocfs2_get_clusters(context->inode, v_cluster, p_cluster,
                                  num_clusters, extent_flags);
}

static int ocfs2_make_clusters_writable(struct super_block *sb,
                                        struct ocfs2_cow_context *context,
                                        u32 cpos, u32 p_cluster,
                                        u32 num_clusters, unsigned int e_flags)
{
        int ret, delete, index, credits =  0;
        u32 new_bit, new_len, orig_num_clusters;
        unsigned int set_len;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(sb);
        handle_t *handle;
        struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_caching_info *ref_ci = &context->ref_tree->rf_ci;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec rec;

        trace_ocfs2_make_clusters_writable(cpos, p_cluster,
                                           num_clusters, e_flags);

        ret = ocfs2_lock_refcount_allocators(sb, p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                             &context->data_et,
                                             ref_ci,
                                             context->ref_root_bh,
                                             &context->meta_ac,
                                             &context->data_ac, &credits);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }

        if (context->post_refcount)
                credits += context->post_refcount->credits;

        credits += context->extra_credits;
        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(osb, credits);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        orig_num_clusters = num_clusters;

        while (num_clusters) {
                ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_rec(ref_ci, context->ref_root_bh,
                                             p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                             &rec, &index, &ref_leaf_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out_commit;
                }

                BUG_ON(!rec.r_refcount);
                set_len = min((u64)p_cluster + num_clusters,
                              le64_to_cpu(rec.r_cpos) +
                              le32_to_cpu(rec.r_clusters)) - p_cluster;

                /*
                 * There are many different situation here.
                 * 1. If refcount == 1, remove the flag and don't COW.
                 * 2. If refcount > 1, allocate clusters.
                 *    Here we may not allocate r_len once at a time, so continue
                 *    until we reach num_clusters.
                 */
                if (le32_to_cpu(rec.r_refcount) == 1) {
                        delete = 0;
                        ret = ocfs2_clear_ext_refcount(handle,
                                                       &context->data_et,
                                                       cpos, p_cluster,
                                                       set_len, e_flags,
                                                       context->meta_ac,
                                                       &context->dealloc);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out_commit;
                        }
                } else {
                        delete = 1;

                        ret = __ocfs2_claim_clusters(handle,
                                                     context->data_ac,
                                                     1, set_len,
                                                     &new_bit, &new_len);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out_commit;
                        }

                        ret = ocfs2_replace_clusters(handle, context,
                                                     cpos, p_cluster, new_bit,
                                                     new_len, e_flags);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out_commit;
                        }
                        set_len = new_len;
                }

                ret = __ocfs2_decrease_refcount(handle, ref_ci,
                                                context->ref_root_bh,
                                                p_cluster, set_len,
                                                context->meta_ac,
                                                &context->dealloc, delete);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out_commit;
                }

                cpos += set_len;
                p_cluster += set_len;
                num_clusters -= set_len;
                brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
                ref_leaf_bh = NULL;
        }

        /* handle any post_cow action. */
        if (context->post_refcount && context->post_refcount->func) {
                ret = context->post_refcount->func(context->inode, handle,
                                                context->post_refcount->para);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out_commit;
                }
        }

        /*
         * Here we should write the new page out first if we are
         * in write-back mode.
         */
        if (context->get_clusters == ocfs2_di_get_clusters) {
                ret = ocfs2_cow_sync_writeback(sb, context->inode, cpos,
                                               orig_num_clusters);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
        }

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(osb, handle);

out:
        if (context->data_ac) {
                ocfs2_free_alloc_context(context->data_ac);
                context->data_ac = NULL;
        }
        if (context->meta_ac) {
                ocfs2_free_alloc_context(context->meta_ac);
                context->meta_ac = NULL;
        }
        brelse(ref_leaf_bh);

        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_replace_cow(struct ocfs2_cow_context *context)
{
        int ret = 0;
        struct inode *inode = context->inode;
        u32 cow_start = context->cow_start, cow_len = context->cow_len;
        u32 p_cluster, num_clusters;
        unsigned int ext_flags;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);

        if (!ocfs2_refcount_tree(osb)) {
                return ocfs2_error(inode->i_sb, "Inode %lu want to use refcount tree, but the feature bit is not set in the super block\n",
                                   inode->i_ino);
        }

        ocfs2_init_dealloc_ctxt(&context->dealloc);

        while (cow_len) {
                ret = context->get_clusters(context, cow_start, &p_cluster,
                                            &num_clusters, &ext_flags);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        break;
                }

                BUG_ON(!(ext_flags & OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED));

                if (cow_len < num_clusters)
                        num_clusters = cow_len;

                ret = ocfs2_make_clusters_writable(inode->i_sb, context,
                                                   cow_start, p_cluster,
                                                   num_clusters, ext_flags);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        break;
                }

                cow_len -= num_clusters;
                cow_start += num_clusters;
        }

        if (ocfs2_dealloc_has_cluster(&context->dealloc)) {
                ocfs2_schedule_truncate_log_flush(osb, 1);
                ocfs2_run_deallocs(osb, &context->dealloc);
        }

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Starting at cpos, try to CoW write_len clusters.  Don't CoW
 * past max_cpos.  This will stop when it runs into a hole or an
 * unrefcounted extent.
 */
static int ocfs2_refcount_cow_hunk(struct inode *inode,
                                   struct buffer_head *di_bh,
                                   u32 cpos, u32 write_len, u32 max_cpos)
{
        int ret;
        u32 cow_start = 0, cow_len = 0;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *ref_tree;
        struct ocfs2_cow_context *context = NULL;

        BUG_ON(!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode));

        ret = ocfs2_refcount_cal_cow_clusters(inode, &di->id2.i_list,
                                              cpos, write_len, max_cpos,
                                              &cow_start, &cow_len);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        trace_ocfs2_refcount_cow_hunk(OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_blkno,
                                      cpos, write_len, max_cpos,
                                      cow_start, cow_len);

        BUG_ON(cow_len == 0);

        context = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ocfs2_cow_context), GFP_NOFS);
        if (!context) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(osb, le64_to_cpu(di->i_refcount_loc),
                                       1, &ref_tree, &ref_root_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        context->inode = inode;
        context->cow_start = cow_start;
        context->cow_len = cow_len;
        context->ref_tree = ref_tree;
        context->ref_root_bh = ref_root_bh;
        context->cow_duplicate_clusters = ocfs2_duplicate_clusters_by_page;
        context->get_clusters = ocfs2_di_get_clusters;

        ocfs2_init_dinode_extent_tree(&context->data_et,
                                      INODE_CACHE(inode), di_bh);

        ret = ocfs2_replace_cow(context);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);

        /*
         * truncate the extent map here since no matter whether we meet with
         * any error during the action, we shouldn't trust cached extent map
         * any more.
         */
        ocfs2_extent_map_trunc(inode, cow_start);

        ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, ref_tree, 1);
        brelse(ref_root_bh);
out:
        kfree(context);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * CoW any and all clusters between cpos and cpos+write_len.
 * Don't CoW past max_cpos.  If this returns successfully, all
 * clusters between cpos and cpos+write_len are safe to modify.
 */
int ocfs2_refcount_cow(struct inode *inode,
                       struct buffer_head *di_bh,
                       u32 cpos, u32 write_len, u32 max_cpos)
{
        int ret = 0;
        u32 p_cluster, num_clusters;
        unsigned int ext_flags;

        while (write_len) {
                ret = ocfs2_get_clusters(inode, cpos, &p_cluster,
                                         &num_clusters, &ext_flags);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        break;
                }

                if (write_len < num_clusters)
                        num_clusters = write_len;

                if (ext_flags & OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED) {
                        ret = ocfs2_refcount_cow_hunk(inode, di_bh, cpos,
                                                      num_clusters, max_cpos);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                break;
                        }
                }

                write_len -= num_clusters;
                cpos += num_clusters;
        }

        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_xattr_value_get_clusters(struct ocfs2_cow_context *context,
                                          u32 v_cluster, u32 *p_cluster,
                                          u32 *num_clusters,
                                          unsigned int *extent_flags)
{
        struct inode *inode = context->inode;
        struct ocfs2_xattr_value_root *xv = context->cow_object;

        return ocfs2_xattr_get_clusters(inode, v_cluster, p_cluster,
                                        num_clusters, &xv->xr_list,
                                        extent_flags);
}

/*
 * Given a xattr value root, calculate the most meta/credits we need for
 * refcount tree change if we truncate it to 0.
 */
int ocfs2_refcounted_xattr_delete_need(struct inode *inode,
                                       struct ocfs2_caching_info *ref_ci,
                                       struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                       struct ocfs2_xattr_value_root *xv,
                                       int *meta_add, int *credits)
{
        int ret = 0, index, ref_blocks = 0;
        u32 p_cluster, num_clusters;
        u32 cpos = 0, clusters = le32_to_cpu(xv->xr_clusters);
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_rec rec;
        struct buffer_head *ref_leaf_bh = NULL;

        while (cpos < clusters) {
                ret = ocfs2_xattr_get_clusters(inode, cpos, &p_cluster,
                                               &num_clusters, &xv->xr_list,
                                               NULL);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                cpos += num_clusters;

                while (num_clusters) {
                        ret = ocfs2_get_refcount_rec(ref_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                     p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                                     &rec, &index,
                                                     &ref_leaf_bh);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out;
                        }

                        BUG_ON(!rec.r_refcount);

                        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_leaf_bh->b_data;

                        /*
                         * We really don't know whether the other clusters is in
                         * this refcount block or not, so just take the worst
                         * case that all the clusters are in this block and each
                         * one will split a refcount rec, so totally we need
                         * clusters * 2 new refcount rec.
                         */
                        if (le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_used) + clusters * 2 >
                            le16_to_cpu(rb->rf_records.rl_count))
                                ref_blocks++;

                        *credits += 1;
                        brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
                        ref_leaf_bh = NULL;

                        if (num_clusters <= le32_to_cpu(rec.r_clusters))
                                break;
                        else
                                num_clusters -= le32_to_cpu(rec.r_clusters);
                        p_cluster += num_clusters;
                }
        }

        *meta_add += ref_blocks;
        if (!ref_blocks)
                goto out;

        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;
        if (le32_to_cpu(rb->rf_flags) & OCFS2_REFCOUNT_TREE_FL)
                *credits += OCFS2_EXPAND_REFCOUNT_TREE_CREDITS;
        else {
                struct ocfs2_extent_tree et;

                ocfs2_init_refcount_extent_tree(&et, ref_ci, ref_root_bh);
                *credits += ocfs2_calc_extend_credits(inode->i_sb,
                                                      et.et_root_el);
        }

out:
        brelse(ref_leaf_bh);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Do CoW for xattr.
 */
int ocfs2_refcount_cow_xattr(struct inode *inode,
                             struct ocfs2_dinode *di,
                             struct ocfs2_xattr_value_buf *vb,
                             struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *ref_tree,
                             struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                             u32 cpos, u32 write_len,
                             struct ocfs2_post_refcount *post)
{
        int ret;
        struct ocfs2_xattr_value_root *xv = vb->vb_xv;
        struct ocfs2_cow_context *context = NULL;
        u32 cow_start, cow_len;

        BUG_ON(!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode));

        ret = ocfs2_refcount_cal_cow_clusters(inode, &xv->xr_list,
                                              cpos, write_len, UINT_MAX,
                                              &cow_start, &cow_len);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        BUG_ON(cow_len == 0);

        context = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ocfs2_cow_context), GFP_NOFS);
        if (!context) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        context->inode = inode;
        context->cow_start = cow_start;
        context->cow_len = cow_len;
        context->ref_tree = ref_tree;
        context->ref_root_bh = ref_root_bh;
        context->cow_object = xv;

        context->cow_duplicate_clusters = ocfs2_duplicate_clusters_by_jbd;
        /* We need the extra credits for duplicate_clusters by jbd. */
        context->extra_credits =
                ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(inode->i_sb, 1) * cow_len;
        context->get_clusters = ocfs2_xattr_value_get_clusters;
        context->post_refcount = post;

        ocfs2_init_xattr_value_extent_tree(&context->data_et,
                                           INODE_CACHE(inode), vb);

        ret = ocfs2_replace_cow(context);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);

out:
        kfree(context);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Insert a new extent into refcount tree and mark a extent rec
 * as refcounted in the dinode tree.
 */
int ocfs2_add_refcount_flag(struct inode *inode,
                            struct ocfs2_extent_tree *data_et,
                            struct ocfs2_caching_info *ref_ci,
                            struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                            u32 cpos, u32 p_cluster, u32 num_clusters,
                            struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc,
                            struct ocfs2_post_refcount *post)
{
        int ret;
        handle_t *handle;
        int credits = 1, ref_blocks = 0;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);
        struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac = NULL;

        /* We need to be able to handle at least an extent tree split. */
        ref_blocks = ocfs2_extend_meta_needed(data_et->et_root_el);

        ret = ocfs2_calc_refcount_meta_credits(inode->i_sb,
                                               ref_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                               p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                               &ref_blocks, &credits);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        trace_ocfs2_add_refcount_flag(ref_blocks, credits);

        if (ref_blocks) {
                ret = ocfs2_reserve_new_metadata_blocks(osb,
                                                        ref_blocks, &meta_ac);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        if (post)
                credits += post->credits;

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(osb, credits);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_mark_extent_refcounted(inode, data_et, handle,
                                           cpos, num_clusters, p_cluster,
                                           meta_ac, dealloc);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        ret = __ocfs2_increase_refcount(handle, ref_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                        p_cluster, num_clusters, 0,
                                        meta_ac, dealloc);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        if (post && post->func) {
                ret = post->func(inode, handle, post->para);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
        }

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(osb, handle);
out:
        if (meta_ac)
                ocfs2_free_alloc_context(meta_ac);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_change_ctime(struct inode *inode,
                              struct buffer_head *di_bh)
{
        int ret;
        handle_t *handle;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb),
                                   OCFS2_INODE_UPDATE_CREDITS);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(inode), di_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
        di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
        di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb), handle);
out:
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_attach_refcount_tree(struct inode *inode,
                                      struct buffer_head *di_bh)
{
        int ret, data_changed = 0;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi = OCFS2_I(inode);
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *ref_tree;
        unsigned int ext_flags;
        loff_t size;
        u32 cpos, num_clusters, clusters, p_cluster;
        struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt dealloc;
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree di_et;

        ocfs2_init_dealloc_ctxt(&dealloc);

        if (!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(inode)) {
                ret = ocfs2_create_refcount_tree(inode, di_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        BUG_ON(!di->i_refcount_loc);
        ret = ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(osb,
                                       le64_to_cpu(di->i_refcount_loc), 1,
                                       &ref_tree, &ref_root_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        if (oi->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_INLINE_DATA_FL)
                goto attach_xattr;

        ocfs2_init_dinode_extent_tree(&di_et, INODE_CACHE(inode), di_bh);

        size = i_size_read(inode);
        clusters = ocfs2_clusters_for_bytes(inode->i_sb, size);

        cpos = 0;
        while (cpos < clusters) {
                ret = ocfs2_get_clusters(inode, cpos, &p_cluster,
                                         &num_clusters, &ext_flags);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto unlock;
                }
                if (p_cluster && !(ext_flags & OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED)) {
                        ret = ocfs2_add_refcount_flag(inode, &di_et,
                                                      &ref_tree->rf_ci,
                                                      ref_root_bh, cpos,
                                                      p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                                      &dealloc, NULL);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto unlock;
                        }

                        data_changed = 1;
                }
                cpos += num_clusters;
        }

attach_xattr:
        if (oi->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_HAS_XATTR_FL) {
                ret = ocfs2_xattr_attach_refcount_tree(inode, di_bh,
                                                       &ref_tree->rf_ci,
                                                       ref_root_bh,
                                                       &dealloc);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto unlock;
                }
        }

        if (data_changed) {
                ret = ocfs2_change_ctime(inode, di_bh);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
        }

unlock:
        ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, ref_tree, 1);
        brelse(ref_root_bh);

        if (!ret && ocfs2_dealloc_has_cluster(&dealloc)) {
                ocfs2_schedule_truncate_log_flush(osb, 1);
                ocfs2_run_deallocs(osb, &dealloc);
        }
out:
        /*
         * Empty the extent map so that we may get the right extent
         * record from the disk.
         */
        ocfs2_extent_map_trunc(inode, 0);

        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_add_refcounted_extent(struct inode *inode,
                                   struct ocfs2_extent_tree *et,
                                   struct ocfs2_caching_info *ref_ci,
                                   struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                   u32 cpos, u32 p_cluster, u32 num_clusters,
                                   unsigned int ext_flags,
                                   struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        int ret;
        handle_t *handle;
        int credits = 0;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb);
        struct ocfs2_alloc_context *meta_ac = NULL;

        ret = ocfs2_lock_refcount_allocators(inode->i_sb,
                                             p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                             et, ref_ci,
                                             ref_root_bh, &meta_ac,
                                             NULL, &credits);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(osb, credits);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_insert_extent(handle, et, cpos,
                        ocfs2_clusters_to_blocks(inode->i_sb, p_cluster),
                        num_clusters, ext_flags, meta_ac);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_increase_refcount(handle, ref_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                      p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                      meta_ac, dealloc);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        ret = dquot_alloc_space_nodirty(inode,
                ocfs2_clusters_to_bytes(osb->sb, num_clusters));
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(osb, handle);
out:
        if (meta_ac)
                ocfs2_free_alloc_context(meta_ac);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_duplicate_inline_data(struct inode *s_inode,
                                       struct buffer_head *s_bh,
                                       struct inode *t_inode,
                                       struct buffer_head *t_bh)
{
        int ret;
        handle_t *handle;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(s_inode->i_sb);
        struct ocfs2_dinode *s_di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)s_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *t_di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)t_bh->b_data;

        BUG_ON(!(OCFS2_I(s_inode)->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_INLINE_DATA_FL));

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(osb, OCFS2_INODE_UPDATE_CREDITS);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(t_inode), t_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        t_di->id2.i_data.id_count = s_di->id2.i_data.id_count;
        memcpy(t_di->id2.i_data.id_data, s_di->id2.i_data.id_data,
               le16_to_cpu(s_di->id2.i_data.id_count));
        spin_lock(&OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_lock);
        OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_dyn_features |= OCFS2_INLINE_DATA_FL;
        t_di->i_dyn_features = cpu_to_le16(OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_dyn_features);
        spin_unlock(&OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_lock);

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, t_bh);

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(osb, handle);
out:
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_duplicate_extent_list(struct inode *s_inode,
                                struct inode *t_inode,
                                struct buffer_head *t_bh,
                                struct ocfs2_caching_info *ref_ci,
                                struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh,
                                struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        int ret = 0;
        u32 p_cluster, num_clusters, clusters, cpos;
        loff_t size;
        unsigned int ext_flags;
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree et;

        ocfs2_init_dinode_extent_tree(&et, INODE_CACHE(t_inode), t_bh);

        size = i_size_read(s_inode);
        clusters = ocfs2_clusters_for_bytes(s_inode->i_sb, size);

        cpos = 0;
        while (cpos < clusters) {
                ret = ocfs2_get_clusters(s_inode, cpos, &p_cluster,
                                         &num_clusters, &ext_flags);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
                if (p_cluster) {
                        ret = ocfs2_add_refcounted_extent(t_inode, &et,
                                                          ref_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                                          cpos, p_cluster,
                                                          num_clusters,
                                                          ext_flags,
                                                          dealloc);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out;
                        }
                }

                cpos += num_clusters;
        }

out:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * change the new file's attributes to the src.
 *
 * reflink creates a snapshot of a file, that means the attributes
 * must be identical except for three exceptions - nlink, ino, and ctime.
 */
static int ocfs2_complete_reflink(struct inode *s_inode,
                                  struct buffer_head *s_bh,
                                  struct inode *t_inode,
                                  struct buffer_head *t_bh,
                                  bool preserve)
{
        int ret;
        handle_t *handle;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *s_di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)s_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)t_bh->b_data;
        loff_t size = i_size_read(s_inode);

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(OCFS2_SB(t_inode->i_sb),
                                   OCFS2_INODE_UPDATE_CREDITS);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(t_inode), t_bh,
                                      OCFS2_JOURNAL_ACCESS_WRITE);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

        spin_lock(&OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_lock);
        OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_clusters = OCFS2_I(s_inode)->ip_clusters;
        OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_attr = OCFS2_I(s_inode)->ip_attr;
        OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_dyn_features = OCFS2_I(s_inode)->ip_dyn_features;
        spin_unlock(&OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_lock);
        i_size_write(t_inode, size);
        t_inode->i_blocks = s_inode->i_blocks;

        di->i_xattr_inline_size = s_di->i_xattr_inline_size;
        di->i_clusters = s_di->i_clusters;
        di->i_size = s_di->i_size;
        di->i_dyn_features = s_di->i_dyn_features;
        di->i_attr = s_di->i_attr;

        if (preserve) {
                t_inode->i_uid = s_inode->i_uid;
                t_inode->i_gid = s_inode->i_gid;
                t_inode->i_mode = s_inode->i_mode;
                di->i_uid = s_di->i_uid;
                di->i_gid = s_di->i_gid;
                di->i_mode = s_di->i_mode;

                /*
                 * update time.
                 * we want mtime to appear identical to the source and
                 * update ctime.
                 */
                t_inode->i_ctime = current_time(t_inode);

                di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(t_inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
                di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(t_inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);

                t_inode->i_mtime = s_inode->i_mtime;
                di->i_mtime = s_di->i_mtime;
                di->i_mtime_nsec = s_di->i_mtime_nsec;
        }

        ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, t_bh);

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(OCFS2_SB(t_inode->i_sb), handle);
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_create_reflink_node(struct inode *s_inode,
                                     struct buffer_head *s_bh,
                                     struct inode *t_inode,
                                     struct buffer_head *t_bh,
                                     bool preserve)
{
        int ret;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt dealloc;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(s_inode->i_sb);
        struct ocfs2_refcount_block *rb;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)s_bh->b_data;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *ref_tree;

        ocfs2_init_dealloc_ctxt(&dealloc);

        ret = ocfs2_set_refcount_tree(t_inode, t_bh,
                                      le64_to_cpu(di->i_refcount_loc));
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        if (OCFS2_I(s_inode)->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_INLINE_DATA_FL) {
                ret = ocfs2_duplicate_inline_data(s_inode, s_bh,
                                                  t_inode, t_bh);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(osb, le64_to_cpu(di->i_refcount_loc),
                                       1, &ref_tree, &ref_root_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }
        rb = (struct ocfs2_refcount_block *)ref_root_bh->b_data;

        ret = ocfs2_duplicate_extent_list(s_inode, t_inode, t_bh,
                                          &ref_tree->rf_ci, ref_root_bh,
                                          &dealloc);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_unlock_refcount;
        }

out_unlock_refcount:
        ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, ref_tree, 1);
        brelse(ref_root_bh);
out:
        if (ocfs2_dealloc_has_cluster(&dealloc)) {
                ocfs2_schedule_truncate_log_flush(osb, 1);
                ocfs2_run_deallocs(osb, &dealloc);
        }

        return ret;
}

static int __ocfs2_reflink(struct dentry *old_dentry,
                           struct buffer_head *old_bh,
                           struct inode *new_inode,
                           bool preserve)
{
        int ret;
        struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
        struct buffer_head *new_bh = NULL;

        if (OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_flags & OCFS2_INODE_SYSTEM_FILE) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = filemap_fdatawrite(inode->i_mapping);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_attach_refcount_tree(inode, old_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        inode_lock_nested(new_inode, I_MUTEX_CHILD);
        ret = ocfs2_inode_lock_nested(new_inode, &new_bh, 1,
                                      OI_LS_REFLINK_TARGET);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        ret = ocfs2_create_reflink_node(inode, old_bh,
                                        new_inode, new_bh, preserve);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto inode_unlock;
        }

        if (OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_HAS_XATTR_FL) {
                ret = ocfs2_reflink_xattrs(inode, old_bh,
                                           new_inode, new_bh,
                                           preserve);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto inode_unlock;
                }
        }

        ret = ocfs2_complete_reflink(inode, old_bh,
                                     new_inode, new_bh, preserve);
        if (ret)
                mlog_errno(ret);

inode_unlock:
        ocfs2_inode_unlock(new_inode, 1);
        brelse(new_bh);
out_unlock:
        inode_unlock(new_inode);
out:
        if (!ret) {
                ret = filemap_fdatawait(inode->i_mapping);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
        }
        return ret;
}

static int ocfs2_reflink(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir,
                         struct dentry *new_dentry, bool preserve)
{
        int error, had_lock;
        struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
        struct buffer_head *old_bh = NULL;
        struct inode *new_orphan_inode = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_lock_holder oh;

        if (!ocfs2_refcount_tree(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb)))
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;


        error = ocfs2_create_inode_in_orphan(dir, inode->i_mode,
                                             &new_orphan_inode);
        if (error) {
                mlog_errno(error);
                goto out;
        }

        error = ocfs2_rw_lock(inode, 1);
        if (error) {
                mlog_errno(error);
                goto out;
        }

        error = ocfs2_inode_lock(inode, &old_bh, 1);
        if (error) {
                mlog_errno(error);
                ocfs2_rw_unlock(inode, 1);
                goto out;
        }

        down_write(&OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_xattr_sem);
        down_write(&OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_alloc_sem);
        error = __ocfs2_reflink(old_dentry, old_bh,
                                new_orphan_inode, preserve);
        up_write(&OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_alloc_sem);
        up_write(&OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_xattr_sem);

        ocfs2_inode_unlock(inode, 1);
        ocfs2_rw_unlock(inode, 1);
        brelse(old_bh);

        if (error) {
                mlog_errno(error);
                goto out;
        }

        had_lock = ocfs2_inode_lock_tracker(new_orphan_inode, NULL, 1,
                                            &oh);
        if (had_lock < 0) {
                error = had_lock;
                mlog_errno(error);
                goto out;
        }

        /* If the security isn't preserved, we need to re-initialize them. */
        if (!preserve) {
                error = ocfs2_init_security_and_acl(dir, new_orphan_inode,
                                                    &new_dentry->d_name);
                if (error)
                        mlog_errno(error);
        }
        if (!error) {
                error = ocfs2_mv_orphaned_inode_to_new(dir, new_orphan_inode,
                                                       new_dentry);
                if (error)
                        mlog_errno(error);
        }
        ocfs2_inode_unlock_tracker(new_orphan_inode, 1, &oh, had_lock);

out:
        if (new_orphan_inode) {
                /*
                 * We need to open_unlock the inode no matter whether we
                 * succeed or not, so that other nodes can delete it later.
                 */
                ocfs2_open_unlock(new_orphan_inode);
                if (error)
                        iput(new_orphan_inode);
        }

        return error;
}

/*
 * Below here are the bits used by OCFS2_IOC_REFLINK() to fake
 * sys_reflink().  This will go away when vfs_reflink() exists in
 * fs/namei.c.
 */

/* copied from may_create in VFS. */
static inline int ocfs2_may_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *child)
{
        if (d_really_is_positive(child))
                return -EEXIST;
        if (IS_DEADDIR(dir))
                return -ENOENT;
        return inode_permission(dir, MAY_WRITE | MAY_EXEC);
}

/**
 * ocfs2_vfs_reflink - Create a reference-counted link
 *
 * @old_dentry:        source dentry + inode
 * @dir:       directory to create the target
 * @new_dentry:        target dentry
 * @preserve:  if true, preserve all file attributes
 */
static int ocfs2_vfs_reflink(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir,
                             struct dentry *new_dentry, bool preserve)
{
        struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
        int error;

        if (!inode)
                return -ENOENT;

        error = ocfs2_may_create(dir, new_dentry);
        if (error)
                return error;

        if (dir->i_sb != inode->i_sb)
                return -EXDEV;

        /*
         * A reflink to an append-only or immutable file cannot be created.
         */
        if (IS_APPEND(inode) || IS_IMMUTABLE(inode))
                return -EPERM;

        /* Only regular files can be reflinked. */
        if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
                return -EPERM;

        /*
         * If the caller wants to preserve ownership, they require the
         * rights to do so.
         */
        if (preserve) {
                if (!uid_eq(current_fsuid(), inode->i_uid) && !capable(CAP_CHOWN))
                        return -EPERM;
                if (!in_group_p(inode->i_gid) && !capable(CAP_CHOWN))
                        return -EPERM;
        }

        /*
         * If the caller is modifying any aspect of the attributes, they
         * are not creating a snapshot.  They need read permission on the
         * file.
         */
        if (!preserve) {
                error = inode_permission(inode, MAY_READ);
                if (error)
                        return error;
        }

        inode_lock(inode);
        error = dquot_initialize(dir);
        if (!error)
                error = ocfs2_reflink(old_dentry, dir, new_dentry, preserve);
        inode_unlock(inode);
        if (!error)
                fsnotify_create(dir, new_dentry);
        return error;
}
/*
 * Most codes are copied from sys_linkat.
 */
int ocfs2_reflink_ioctl(struct inode *inode,
                        const char __user *oldname,
                        const char __user *newname,
                        bool preserve)
{
        struct dentry *new_dentry;
        struct path old_path, new_path;
        int error;

        if (!ocfs2_refcount_tree(OCFS2_SB(inode->i_sb)))
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;

        error = user_path_at(AT_FDCWD, oldname, 0, &old_path);
        if (error) {
                mlog_errno(error);
                return error;
        }

        new_dentry = user_path_create(AT_FDCWD, newname, &new_path, 0);
        error = PTR_ERR(new_dentry);
        if (IS_ERR(new_dentry)) {
                mlog_errno(error);
                goto out;
        }

        error = -EXDEV;
        if (old_path.mnt != new_path.mnt) {
                mlog_errno(error);
                goto out_dput;
        }

        error = ocfs2_vfs_reflink(old_path.dentry,
                                  d_inode(new_path.dentry),
                                  new_dentry, preserve);
out_dput:
        done_path_create(&new_path, new_dentry);
out:
        path_put(&old_path);

        return error;
}

/* Update destination inode size, if necessary. */
static int ocfs2_reflink_update_dest(struct inode *dest,
                                     struct buffer_head *d_bh,
                                     loff_t newlen)
{
        handle_t *handle;
        int ret;

        dest->i_blocks = ocfs2_inode_sector_count(dest);

        if (newlen <= i_size_read(dest))
                return 0;

        handle = ocfs2_start_trans(OCFS2_SB(dest->i_sb),
                                   OCFS2_INODE_UPDATE_CREDITS);
        if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
                ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
                mlog_errno(ret);
                return ret;
        }

        /* Extend i_size if needed. */
        spin_lock(&OCFS2_I(dest)->ip_lock);
        if (newlen > i_size_read(dest))
                i_size_write(dest, newlen);
        spin_unlock(&OCFS2_I(dest)->ip_lock);
        dest->i_ctime = dest->i_mtime = current_time(dest);

        ret = ocfs2_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dest, d_bh);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_commit;
        }

out_commit:
        ocfs2_commit_trans(OCFS2_SB(dest->i_sb), handle);
        return ret;
}

/* Remap the range pos_in:len in s_inode to pos_out:len in t_inode. */
static int ocfs2_reflink_remap_extent(struct inode *s_inode,
                                      struct buffer_head *s_bh,
                                      loff_t pos_in,
                                      struct inode *t_inode,
                                      struct buffer_head *t_bh,
                                      loff_t pos_out,
                                      loff_t len,
                                      struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt *dealloc)
{
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree s_et;
        struct ocfs2_extent_tree t_et;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *dis;
        struct buffer_head *ref_root_bh = NULL;
        struct ocfs2_refcount_tree *ref_tree;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb;
        loff_t pstart, plen;
        u32 p_cluster, num_clusters, slast, spos, tpos;
        unsigned int ext_flags;
        int ret = 0;

        osb = OCFS2_SB(s_inode->i_sb);
        dis = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)s_bh->b_data;
        ocfs2_init_dinode_extent_tree(&s_et, INODE_CACHE(s_inode), s_bh);
        ocfs2_init_dinode_extent_tree(&t_et, INODE_CACHE(t_inode), t_bh);

        spos = ocfs2_bytes_to_clusters(s_inode->i_sb, pos_in);
        tpos = ocfs2_bytes_to_clusters(t_inode->i_sb, pos_out);
        slast = ocfs2_clusters_for_bytes(s_inode->i_sb, pos_in + len);

        while (spos < slast) {
                if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
                        ret = -EINTR;
                        goto out;
                }

                /* Look up the extent. */
                ret = ocfs2_get_clusters(s_inode, spos, &p_cluster,
                                         &num_clusters, &ext_flags);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                num_clusters = min_t(u32, num_clusters, slast - spos);

                /* Punch out the dest range. */
                pstart = ocfs2_clusters_to_bytes(t_inode->i_sb, tpos);
                plen = ocfs2_clusters_to_bytes(t_inode->i_sb, num_clusters);
                ret = ocfs2_remove_inode_range(t_inode, t_bh, pstart, plen);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                if (p_cluster == 0)
                        goto next_loop;

                /* Lock the refcount btree... */
                ret = ocfs2_lock_refcount_tree(osb,
                                               le64_to_cpu(dis->i_refcount_loc),
                                               1, &ref_tree, &ref_root_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }

                /* Mark s_inode's extent as refcounted. */
                if (!(ext_flags & OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED)) {
                        ret = ocfs2_add_refcount_flag(s_inode, &s_et,
                                                      &ref_tree->rf_ci,
                                                      ref_root_bh, spos,
                                                      p_cluster, num_clusters,
                                                      dealloc, NULL);
                        if (ret) {
                                mlog_errno(ret);
                                goto out_unlock_refcount;
                        }
                }

                /* Map in the new extent. */
                ext_flags |= OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED;
                ret = ocfs2_add_refcounted_extent(t_inode, &t_et,
                                                  &ref_tree->rf_ci,
                                                  ref_root_bh,
                                                  tpos, p_cluster,
                                                  num_clusters,
                                                  ext_flags,
                                                  dealloc);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out_unlock_refcount;
                }

                ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, ref_tree, 1);
                brelse(ref_root_bh);
next_loop:
                spos += num_clusters;
                tpos += num_clusters;
        }

out:
        return ret;
out_unlock_refcount:
        ocfs2_unlock_refcount_tree(osb, ref_tree, 1);
        brelse(ref_root_bh);
        return ret;
}

/* Set up refcount tree and remap s_inode to t_inode. */
static int ocfs2_reflink_remap_blocks(struct inode *s_inode,
                                      struct buffer_head *s_bh,
                                      loff_t pos_in,
                                      struct inode *t_inode,
                                      struct buffer_head *t_bh,
                                      loff_t pos_out,
                                      loff_t len)
{
        struct ocfs2_cached_dealloc_ctxt dealloc;
        struct ocfs2_super *osb;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *dis;
        struct ocfs2_dinode *dit;
        int ret;

        osb = OCFS2_SB(s_inode->i_sb);
        dis = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)s_bh->b_data;
        dit = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)t_bh->b_data;
        ocfs2_init_dealloc_ctxt(&dealloc);

        /*
         * If we're reflinking the entire file and the source is inline
         * data, just copy the contents.
         */
        if (pos_in == pos_out && pos_in == 0 && len == i_size_read(s_inode) &&
            i_size_read(t_inode) <= len &&
            (OCFS2_I(s_inode)->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_INLINE_DATA_FL)) {
                ret = ocfs2_duplicate_inline_data(s_inode, s_bh, t_inode, t_bh);
                if (ret)
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * If both inodes belong to two different refcount groups then
         * forget it because we don't know how (or want) to go merging
         * refcount trees.
         */
        ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
        if (ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(s_inode) &&
            ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(t_inode) &&
            le64_to_cpu(dis->i_refcount_loc) !=
            le64_to_cpu(dit->i_refcount_loc))
                goto out;

        /* Neither inode has a refcount tree.  Add one to s_inode. */
        if (!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(s_inode) &&
            !ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(t_inode)) {
                ret = ocfs2_create_refcount_tree(s_inode, s_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        /* Ensure that both inodes end up with the same refcount tree. */
        if (!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(s_inode)) {
                ret = ocfs2_set_refcount_tree(s_inode, s_bh,
                                              le64_to_cpu(dit->i_refcount_loc));
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
        }
        if (!ocfs2_is_refcount_inode(t_inode)) {
                ret = ocfs2_set_refcount_tree(t_inode, t_bh,
                                              le64_to_cpu(dis->i_refcount_loc));
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        /* Turn off inline data in the dest file. */
        if (OCFS2_I(t_inode)->ip_dyn_features & OCFS2_INLINE_DATA_FL) {
                ret = ocfs2_convert_inline_data_to_extents(t_inode, t_bh);
                if (ret) {
                        mlog_errno(ret);
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        /* Actually remap extents now. */
        ret = ocfs2_reflink_remap_extent(s_inode, s_bh, pos_in, t_inode, t_bh,
                                         pos_out, len, &dealloc);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out;
        }

out:
        if (ocfs2_dealloc_has_cluster(&dealloc)) {
                ocfs2_schedule_truncate_log_flush(osb, 1);
                ocfs2_run_deallocs(osb, &dealloc);
        }

        return ret;
}

/* Lock an inode and grab a bh pointing to the inode. */
static int ocfs2_reflink_inodes_lock(struct inode *s_inode,
                                     struct buffer_head **bh1,
                                     struct inode *t_inode,
                                     struct buffer_head **bh2)
{
        struct inode *inode1;
        struct inode *inode2;
        struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi1;
        struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi2;
        bool same_inode = (s_inode == t_inode);
        int status;

        /* First grab the VFS and rw locks. */
        lock_two_nondirectories(s_inode, t_inode);
        inode1 = s_inode;
        inode2 = t_inode;
        if (inode1->i_ino > inode2->i_ino)
                swap(inode1, inode2);

        status = ocfs2_rw_lock(inode1, 1);
        if (status) {
                mlog_errno(status);
                goto out_i1;
        }
        if (!same_inode) {
                status = ocfs2_rw_lock(inode2, 1);
                if (status) {
                        mlog_errno(status);
                        goto out_i2;
                }
        }

        /* Now go for the cluster locks */
        oi1 = OCFS2_I(inode1);
        oi2 = OCFS2_I(inode2);

        trace_ocfs2_double_lock((unsigned long long)oi1->ip_blkno,
                                (unsigned long long)oi2->ip_blkno);

        if (*bh1)
                *bh1 = NULL;
        if (*bh2)
                *bh2 = NULL;

        /* We always want to lock the one with the lower lockid first. */
        if (oi1->ip_blkno > oi2->ip_blkno)
                mlog_errno(-ENOLCK);

        /* lock id1 */
        status = ocfs2_inode_lock_nested(inode1, bh1, 1, OI_LS_REFLINK_TARGET);
        if (status < 0) {
                if (status != -ENOENT)
                        mlog_errno(status);
                goto out_rw2;
        }

        /* lock id2 */
        if (!same_inode) {
                status = ocfs2_inode_lock_nested(inode2, bh2, 1,
                                                 OI_LS_REFLINK_TARGET);
                if (status < 0) {
                        if (status != -ENOENT)
                                mlog_errno(status);
                        goto out_cl1;
                }
        } else
                *bh2 = *bh1;

        trace_ocfs2_double_lock_end(
                        (unsigned long long)oi1->ip_blkno,
                        (unsigned long long)oi2->ip_blkno);

        return 0;

out_cl1:
        ocfs2_inode_unlock(inode1, 1);
        brelse(*bh1);
        *bh1 = NULL;
out_rw2:
        ocfs2_rw_unlock(inode2, 1);
out_i2:
        ocfs2_rw_unlock(inode1, 1);
out_i1:
        unlock_two_nondirectories(s_inode, t_inode);
        return status;
}

/* Unlock both inodes and release buffers. */
static void ocfs2_reflink_inodes_unlock(struct inode *s_inode,
                                        struct buffer_head *s_bh,
                                        struct inode *t_inode,
                                        struct buffer_head *t_bh)
{
        ocfs2_inode_unlock(s_inode, 1);
        ocfs2_rw_unlock(s_inode, 1);
        brelse(s_bh);
        if (s_inode != t_inode) {
                ocfs2_inode_unlock(t_inode, 1);
                ocfs2_rw_unlock(t_inode, 1);
                brelse(t_bh);
        }
        unlock_two_nondirectories(s_inode, t_inode);
}

/* Link a range of blocks from one file to another. */
int ocfs2_reflink_remap_range(struct file *file_in,
                              loff_t pos_in,
                              struct file *file_out,
                              loff_t pos_out,
                              u64 len,
                              bool is_dedupe)
{
        struct inode *inode_in = file_inode(file_in);
        struct inode *inode_out = file_inode(file_out);
        struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(inode_in->i_sb);
        struct buffer_head *in_bh = NULL, *out_bh = NULL;
        bool same_inode = (inode_in == inode_out);
        ssize_t ret;

        if (!ocfs2_refcount_tree(osb))
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
        if (ocfs2_is_hard_readonly(osb) || ocfs2_is_soft_readonly(osb))
                return -EROFS;

        /* Lock both files against IO */
        ret = ocfs2_reflink_inodes_lock(inode_in, &in_bh, inode_out, &out_bh);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        /* Check file eligibility and prepare for block sharing. */
        ret = -EINVAL;
        if ((OCFS2_I(inode_in)->ip_flags & OCFS2_INODE_SYSTEM_FILE) ||
            (OCFS2_I(inode_out)->ip_flags & OCFS2_INODE_SYSTEM_FILE))
                goto out_unlock;

        ret = vfs_clone_file_prep_inodes(inode_in, pos_in, inode_out, pos_out,
                        &len, is_dedupe);
        if (ret <= 0)
                goto out_unlock;

        /* Lock out changes to the allocation maps and remap. */
        down_write(&OCFS2_I(inode_in)->ip_alloc_sem);
        if (!same_inode)
                down_write_nested(&OCFS2_I(inode_out)->ip_alloc_sem,
                                  SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);

        ret = ocfs2_reflink_remap_blocks(inode_in, in_bh, pos_in, inode_out,
                                         out_bh, pos_out, len);

        /* Zap any page cache for the destination file's range. */
        if (!ret)
                truncate_inode_pages_range(&inode_out->i_data, pos_out,
                                           PAGE_ALIGN(pos_out + len) - 1);

        up_write(&OCFS2_I(inode_in)->ip_alloc_sem);
        if (!same_inode)
                up_write(&OCFS2_I(inode_out)->ip_alloc_sem);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        /*
         * Empty the extent map so that we may get the right extent
         * record from the disk.
         */
        ocfs2_extent_map_trunc(inode_in, 0);
        ocfs2_extent_map_trunc(inode_out, 0);

        ret = ocfs2_reflink_update_dest(inode_out, out_bh, pos_out + len);
        if (ret) {
                mlog_errno(ret);
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        ocfs2_reflink_inodes_unlock(inode_in, in_bh, inode_out, out_bh);
        return 0;

out_unlock:
        ocfs2_reflink_inodes_unlock(inode_in, in_bh, inode_out, out_bh);
        return ret;
}