1 The Linux kernel supports the following overcommit handling modes
3 0 - Heuristic overcommit handling. Obvious overcommits of
4 address space are refused. Used for a typical system. It
5 ensures a seriously wild allocation fails while allowing
6 overcommit to reduce swap usage. root is allowed to
7 allocate slightly more memory in this mode. This is the
10 1 - Always overcommit. Appropriate for some scientific
11 applications. Classic example is code using sparse arrays
12 and just relying on the virtual memory consisting almost
13 entirely of zero pages.
15 2 - Don't overcommit. The total address space commit
16 for the system is not permitted to exceed swap + a
17 configurable amount (default is 50%) of physical RAM.
18 Depending on the amount you use, in most situations
19 this means a process will not be killed while accessing
20 pages but will receive errors on memory allocation as
23 Useful for applications that want to guarantee their
24 memory allocations will be available in the future
25 without having to initialize every page.
27 The overcommit policy is set via the sysctl `vm.overcommit_memory'.
29 The overcommit amount can be set via `vm.overcommit_ratio' (percentage)
30 or `vm.overcommit_kbytes' (absolute value).
32 The current overcommit limit and amount committed are viewable in
33 /proc/meminfo as CommitLimit and Committed_AS respectively.
38 The C language stack growth does an implicit mremap. If you want absolute
39 guarantees and run close to the edge you MUST mmap your stack for the
40 largest size you think you will need. For typical stack usage this does
41 not matter much but it's a corner case if you really really care
43 In mode 2 the MAP_NORESERVE flag is ignored.
49 The overcommit is based on the following rules
52 SHARED or READ-only - 0 cost (the file is the map not swap)
53 PRIVATE WRITABLE - size of mapping per instance
55 For an anonymous or /dev/zero map
56 SHARED - size of mapping
57 PRIVATE READ-only - 0 cost (but of little use)
58 PRIVATE WRITABLE - size of mapping per instance
61 Pages made writable copies by mmap
62 shmfs memory drawn from the same pool
67 o We account mmap memory mappings
68 o We account mprotect changes in commit
69 o We account mremap changes in size
72 o We report the commit status in /proc
73 o Account and check on fork
74 o Review stack handling/building on exec
76 o Implement actual limit enforcement
80 o Account ptrace pages (this is hard)