1 .. _stable_kernel_rules:
3 Everything you ever wanted to know about Linux -stable releases
4 ===============================================================
6 Rules on what kind of patches are accepted, and which ones are not, into the
9 - It must be obviously correct and tested.
10 - It cannot be bigger than 100 lines, with context.
11 - It must fix only one thing.
12 - It must fix a real bug that bothers people (not a, "This could be a
13 problem..." type thing).
14 - It must fix a problem that causes a build error (but not for things
15 marked CONFIG_BROKEN), an oops, a hang, data corruption, a real
16 security issue, or some "oh, that's not good" issue. In short, something
18 - Serious issues as reported by a user of a distribution kernel may also
19 be considered if they fix a notable performance or interactivity issue.
20 As these fixes are not as obvious and have a higher risk of a subtle
21 regression they should only be submitted by a distribution kernel
22 maintainer and include an addendum linking to a bugzilla entry if it
23 exists and additional information on the user-visible impact.
24 - New device IDs and quirks are also accepted.
25 - No "theoretical race condition" issues, unless an explanation of how the
26 race can be exploited is also provided.
27 - It cannot contain any "trivial" fixes in it (spelling changes,
28 whitespace cleanups, etc).
30 :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>`
32 - It or an equivalent fix must already exist in Linus' tree (upstream).
35 Procedure for submitting patches to the -stable tree
36 ----------------------------------------------------
38 - If the patch covers files in net/ or drivers/net please follow netdev stable
39 submission guidelines as described in
40 :ref:`Documentation/networking/netdev-FAQ.rst <netdev-FAQ>`
41 after first checking the stable networking queue at
42 https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/bundle/davem/stable/?series=&submitter=&state=*&q=&archive=
43 to ensure the requested patch is not already queued up.
44 - Security patches should not be handled (solely) by the -stable review
45 process but should follow the procedures in
46 :ref:`Documentation/admin-guide/security-bugs.rst <securitybugs>`.
48 For all other submissions, choose one of the following procedures
49 -----------------------------------------------------------------
56 To have the patch automatically included in the stable tree, add the tag
60 Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
62 in the sign-off area. Once the patch is merged it will be applied to
63 the stable tree without anything else needing to be done by the author
64 or subsystem maintainer.
71 After the patch has been merged to Linus' tree, send an email to
72 stable@vger.kernel.org containing the subject of the patch, the commit ID,
73 why you think it should be applied, and what kernel version you wish it to
81 Send the patch, after verifying that it follows the above rules, to
82 stable@vger.kernel.org. You must note the upstream commit ID in the
83 changelog of your submission, as well as the kernel version you wish
86 :ref:`option_1` is **strongly** preferred, is the easiest and most common.
87 :ref:`option_2` and :ref:`option_3` are more useful if the patch isn't deemed
88 worthy at the time it is applied to a public git tree (for instance, because
89 it deserves more regression testing first). :ref:`option_3` is especially
90 useful if the patch needs some special handling to apply to an older kernel
91 (e.g., if API's have changed in the meantime).
93 Note that for :ref:`option_3`, if the patch deviates from the original
94 upstream patch (for example because it had to be backported) this must be very
95 clearly documented and justified in the patch description.
97 The upstream commit ID must be specified with a separate line above the commit
102 commit <sha1> upstream.
104 Additionally, some patches submitted via Option 1 may have additional patch
105 prerequisites which can be cherry-picked. This can be specified in the following
106 format in the sign-off area:
110 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x: a1f84a3: sched: Check for idle
111 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x: 1b9508f: sched: Rate-limit newidle
112 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x: fd21073: sched: Fix affinity logic
113 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x
114 Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
116 The tag sequence has the meaning of:
120 git cherry-pick a1f84a3
121 git cherry-pick 1b9508f
122 git cherry-pick fd21073
123 git cherry-pick <this commit>
125 Also, some patches may have kernel version prerequisites. This can be
126 specified in the following format in the sign-off area:
130 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x
132 The tag has the meaning of:
136 git cherry-pick <this commit>
138 For each "-stable" tree starting with the specified version.
140 Following the submission:
142 - The sender will receive an ACK when the patch has been accepted into the
143 queue, or a NAK if the patch is rejected. This response might take a few
144 days, according to the developer's schedules.
145 - If accepted, the patch will be added to the -stable queue, for review by
146 other developers and by the relevant subsystem maintainer.
152 - When the -stable maintainers decide for a review cycle, the patches will be
153 sent to the review committee, and the maintainer of the affected area of
154 the patch (unless the submitter is the maintainer of the area) and CC: to
155 the linux-kernel mailing list.
156 - The review committee has 48 hours in which to ACK or NAK the patch.
157 - If the patch is rejected by a member of the committee, or linux-kernel
158 members object to the patch, bringing up issues that the maintainers and
159 members did not realize, the patch will be dropped from the queue.
160 - At the end of the review cycle, the ACKed patches will be added to the
161 latest -stable release, and a new -stable release will happen.
162 - Security patches will be accepted into the -stable tree directly from the
163 security kernel team, and not go through the normal review cycle.
164 Contact the kernel security team for more details on this procedure.
169 - The queues of patches, for both completed versions and in progress
170 versions can be found at:
172 https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/stable-queue.git
174 - The finalized and tagged releases of all stable kernels can be found
175 in separate branches per version at:
177 https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git
183 - This is made up of a number of kernel developers who have volunteered for
184 this task, and a few that haven't.