1 /* ePAPR hypervisor byte channel device driver
3 * Copyright 2009-2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
5 * Author: Timur Tabi <timur@freescale.com>
7 * This file is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License
8 * version 2. This program is licensed "as is" without any warranty of any
9 * kind, whether express or implied.
11 * This driver support three distinct interfaces, all of which are related to
12 * ePAPR hypervisor byte channels.
14 * 1) An early-console (udbg) driver. This provides early console output
15 * through a byte channel. The byte channel handle must be specified in a
18 * 2) A normal console driver. Output is sent to the byte channel designated
19 * for stdout in the device tree. The console driver is for handling kernel
22 * 3) A tty driver, which is used to handle user-space input and output. The
23 * byte channel used for the console is designated as the default tty.
26 #include <linux/module.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/slab.h>
29 #include <linux/err.h>
30 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
32 #include <linux/poll.h>
33 #include <asm/epapr_hcalls.h>
35 #include <linux/of_irq.h>
36 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
37 #include <linux/cdev.h>
38 #include <linux/console.h>
39 #include <linux/tty.h>
40 #include <linux/tty_flip.h>
41 #include <linux/circ_buf.h>
44 /* The size of the transmit circular buffer. This must be a power of two. */
47 /* Per-byte channel private data */
55 spinlock_t lock
; /* lock for transmit buffer */
56 unsigned char buf
[BUF_SIZE
]; /* transmit circular buffer */
57 unsigned int head
; /* circular buffer head */
58 unsigned int tail
; /* circular buffer tail */
60 int tx_irq_enabled
; /* true == TX interrupt is enabled */
63 /* Array of byte channel objects */
64 static struct ehv_bc_data
*bcs
;
66 /* Byte channel handle for stdout (and stdin), taken from device tree */
67 static unsigned int stdout_bc
;
69 /* Virtual IRQ for the byte channel handle for stdin, taken from device tree */
70 static unsigned int stdout_irq
;
72 /**************************** SUPPORT FUNCTIONS ****************************/
75 * Enable the transmit interrupt
77 * Unlike a serial device, byte channels have no mechanism for disabling their
78 * own receive or transmit interrupts. To emulate that feature, we toggle
79 * the IRQ in the kernel.
81 * We cannot just blindly call enable_irq() or disable_irq(), because these
82 * calls are reference counted. This means that we cannot call enable_irq()
83 * if interrupts are already enabled. This can happen in two situations:
85 * 1. The tty layer makes two back-to-back calls to ehv_bc_tty_write()
86 * 2. A transmit interrupt occurs while executing ehv_bc_tx_dequeue()
88 * To work around this, we keep a flag to tell us if the IRQ is enabled or not.
90 static void enable_tx_interrupt(struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
)
92 if (!bc
->tx_irq_enabled
) {
93 enable_irq(bc
->tx_irq
);
94 bc
->tx_irq_enabled
= 1;
98 static void disable_tx_interrupt(struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
)
100 if (bc
->tx_irq_enabled
) {
101 disable_irq_nosync(bc
->tx_irq
);
102 bc
->tx_irq_enabled
= 0;
107 * find the byte channel handle to use for the console
109 * The byte channel to be used for the console is specified via a "stdout"
110 * property in the /chosen node.
112 static int find_console_handle(void)
114 struct device_node
*np
= of_stdout
;
115 const char *sprop
= NULL
;
116 const uint32_t *iprop
;
118 /* We don't care what the aliased node is actually called. We only
119 * care if it's compatible with "epapr,hv-byte-channel", because that
120 * indicates that it's a byte channel node.
122 if (!np
|| !of_device_is_compatible(np
, "epapr,hv-byte-channel"))
125 stdout_irq
= irq_of_parse_and_map(np
, 0);
126 if (stdout_irq
== NO_IRQ
) {
127 pr_err("ehv-bc: no 'interrupts' property in %s node\n", np
->full_name
);
132 * The 'hv-handle' property contains the handle for this byte channel.
134 iprop
= of_get_property(np
, "hv-handle", NULL
);
136 pr_err("ehv-bc: no 'hv-handle' property in %s node\n",
140 stdout_bc
= be32_to_cpu(*iprop
);
144 /*************************** EARLY CONSOLE DRIVER ***************************/
146 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC
149 * send a byte to a byte channel, wait if necessary
151 * This function sends a byte to a byte channel, and it waits and
152 * retries if the byte channel is full. It returns if the character
153 * has been sent, or if some error has occurred.
156 static void byte_channel_spin_send(const char data
)
162 ret
= ev_byte_channel_send(CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE
,
164 } while (ret
== EV_EAGAIN
);
168 * The udbg subsystem calls this function to display a single character.
169 * We convert CR to a CR/LF.
171 static void ehv_bc_udbg_putc(char c
)
174 byte_channel_spin_send('\r');
176 byte_channel_spin_send(c
);
180 * early console initialization
182 * PowerPC kernels support an early printk console, also known as udbg.
183 * This function must be called via the ppc_md.init_early function pointer.
184 * At this point, the device tree has been unflattened, so we can obtain the
185 * byte channel handle for stdout.
187 * We only support displaying of characters (putc). We do not support
190 void __init
udbg_init_ehv_bc(void)
192 unsigned int rx_count
, tx_count
;
195 /* Verify the byte channel handle */
196 ret
= ev_byte_channel_poll(CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE
,
197 &rx_count
, &tx_count
);
201 udbg_putc
= ehv_bc_udbg_putc
;
202 register_early_udbg_console();
204 udbg_printf("ehv-bc: early console using byte channel handle %u\n",
205 CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE
);
210 /****************************** CONSOLE DRIVER ******************************/
212 static struct tty_driver
*ehv_bc_driver
;
215 * Byte channel console sending worker function.
217 * For consoles, if the output buffer is full, we should just spin until it
220 static int ehv_bc_console_byte_channel_send(unsigned int handle
, const char *s
,
227 len
= min_t(unsigned int, count
, EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES
);
229 ret
= ev_byte_channel_send(handle
, &len
, s
);
230 } while (ret
== EV_EAGAIN
);
239 * write a string to the console
241 * This function gets called to write a string from the kernel, typically from
242 * a printk(). This function spins until all data is written.
244 * We copy the data to a temporary buffer because we need to insert a \r in
245 * front of every \n. It's more efficient to copy the data to the buffer than
246 * it is to make multiple hcalls for each character or each newline.
248 static void ehv_bc_console_write(struct console
*co
, const char *s
,
251 char s2
[EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES
];
252 unsigned int i
, j
= 0;
255 for (i
= 0; i
< count
; i
++) {
262 if (j
>= (EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES
- 1)) {
263 if (ehv_bc_console_byte_channel_send(stdout_bc
, s2
, j
))
270 ehv_bc_console_byte_channel_send(stdout_bc
, s2
, j
);
274 * When /dev/console is opened, the kernel iterates the console list looking
275 * for one with ->device and then calls that method. On success, it expects
276 * the passed-in int* to contain the minor number to use.
278 static struct tty_driver
*ehv_bc_console_device(struct console
*co
, int *index
)
282 return ehv_bc_driver
;
285 static struct console ehv_bc_console
= {
287 .write
= ehv_bc_console_write
,
288 .device
= ehv_bc_console_device
,
289 .flags
= CON_PRINTBUFFER
| CON_ENABLED
,
293 * Console initialization
295 * This is the first function that is called after the device tree is
296 * available, so here is where we determine the byte channel handle and IRQ for
297 * stdout/stdin, even though that information is used by the tty and character
300 static int __init
ehv_bc_console_init(void)
302 if (!find_console_handle()) {
303 pr_debug("ehv-bc: stdout is not a byte channel\n");
307 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC
308 /* Print a friendly warning if the user chose the wrong byte channel
311 if (stdout_bc
!= CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE
)
312 pr_warning("ehv-bc: udbg handle %u is not the stdout handle\n",
313 CONFIG_PPC_EARLY_DEBUG_EHV_BC_HANDLE
);
316 /* add_preferred_console() must be called before register_console(),
317 otherwise it won't work. However, we don't want to enumerate all the
318 byte channels here, either, since we only care about one. */
320 add_preferred_console(ehv_bc_console
.name
, ehv_bc_console
.index
, NULL
);
321 register_console(&ehv_bc_console
);
323 pr_info("ehv-bc: registered console driver for byte channel %u\n",
328 console_initcall(ehv_bc_console_init
);
330 /******************************** TTY DRIVER ********************************/
333 * byte channel receive interupt handler
335 * This ISR is called whenever data is available on a byte channel.
337 static irqreturn_t
ehv_bc_tty_rx_isr(int irq
, void *data
)
339 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= data
;
340 unsigned int rx_count
, tx_count
, len
;
342 char buffer
[EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES
];
345 /* Find out how much data needs to be read, and then ask the TTY layer
346 * if it can handle that much. We want to ensure that every byte we
347 * read from the byte channel will be accepted by the TTY layer.
349 ev_byte_channel_poll(bc
->handle
, &rx_count
, &tx_count
);
350 count
= tty_buffer_request_room(&bc
->port
, rx_count
);
352 /* 'count' is the maximum amount of data the TTY layer can accept at
353 * this time. However, during testing, I was never able to get 'count'
354 * to be less than 'rx_count'. I'm not sure whether I'm calling it
359 len
= min_t(unsigned int, count
, sizeof(buffer
));
361 /* Read some data from the byte channel. This function will
362 * never return more than EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES bytes.
364 ev_byte_channel_receive(bc
->handle
, &len
, buffer
);
366 /* 'len' is now the amount of data that's been received. 'len'
367 * can't be zero, and most likely it's equal to one.
370 /* Pass the received data to the tty layer. */
371 ret
= tty_insert_flip_string(&bc
->port
, buffer
, len
);
373 /* 'ret' is the number of bytes that the TTY layer accepted.
374 * If it's not equal to 'len', then it means the buffer is
375 * full, which should never happen. If it does happen, we can
376 * exit gracefully, but we drop the last 'len - ret' characters
377 * that we read from the byte channel.
385 /* Tell the tty layer that we're done. */
386 tty_flip_buffer_push(&bc
->port
);
392 * dequeue the transmit buffer to the hypervisor
394 * This function, which can be called in interrupt context, dequeues as much
395 * data as possible from the transmit buffer to the byte channel.
397 static void ehv_bc_tx_dequeue(struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
)
400 unsigned int len
, ret
;
404 spin_lock_irqsave(&bc
->lock
, flags
);
405 len
= min_t(unsigned int,
406 CIRC_CNT_TO_END(bc
->head
, bc
->tail
, BUF_SIZE
),
407 EV_BYTE_CHANNEL_MAX_BYTES
);
409 ret
= ev_byte_channel_send(bc
->handle
, &len
, bc
->buf
+ bc
->tail
);
411 /* 'len' is valid only if the return code is 0 or EV_EAGAIN */
412 if (!ret
|| (ret
== EV_EAGAIN
))
413 bc
->tail
= (bc
->tail
+ len
) & (BUF_SIZE
- 1);
415 count
= CIRC_CNT(bc
->head
, bc
->tail
, BUF_SIZE
);
416 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bc
->lock
, flags
);
417 } while (count
&& !ret
);
419 spin_lock_irqsave(&bc
->lock
, flags
);
420 if (CIRC_CNT(bc
->head
, bc
->tail
, BUF_SIZE
))
422 * If we haven't emptied the buffer, then enable the TX IRQ.
423 * We'll get an interrupt when there's more room in the
424 * hypervisor's output buffer.
426 enable_tx_interrupt(bc
);
428 disable_tx_interrupt(bc
);
429 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bc
->lock
, flags
);
433 * byte channel transmit interupt handler
435 * This ISR is called whenever space becomes available for transmitting
436 * characters on a byte channel.
438 static irqreturn_t
ehv_bc_tty_tx_isr(int irq
, void *data
)
440 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= data
;
442 ehv_bc_tx_dequeue(bc
);
443 tty_port_tty_wakeup(&bc
->port
);
449 * This function is called when the tty layer has data for us send. We store
450 * the data first in a circular buffer, and then dequeue as much of that data
453 * We don't need to worry about whether there is enough room in the buffer for
454 * all the data. The purpose of ehv_bc_tty_write_room() is to tell the tty
455 * layer how much data it can safely send to us. We guarantee that
456 * ehv_bc_tty_write_room() will never lie, so the tty layer will never send us
459 static int ehv_bc_tty_write(struct tty_struct
*ttys
, const unsigned char *s
,
462 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= ttys
->driver_data
;
465 unsigned int written
= 0;
468 spin_lock_irqsave(&bc
->lock
, flags
);
469 len
= CIRC_SPACE_TO_END(bc
->head
, bc
->tail
, BUF_SIZE
);
473 memcpy(bc
->buf
+ bc
->head
, s
, len
);
474 bc
->head
= (bc
->head
+ len
) & (BUF_SIZE
- 1);
476 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bc
->lock
, flags
);
485 ehv_bc_tx_dequeue(bc
);
491 * This function can be called multiple times for a given tty_struct, which is
492 * why we initialize bc->ttys in ehv_bc_tty_port_activate() instead.
494 * The tty layer will still call this function even if the device was not
495 * registered (i.e. tty_register_device() was not called). This happens
496 * because tty_register_device() is optional and some legacy drivers don't
497 * use it. So we need to check for that.
499 static int ehv_bc_tty_open(struct tty_struct
*ttys
, struct file
*filp
)
501 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= &bcs
[ttys
->index
];
506 return tty_port_open(&bc
->port
, ttys
, filp
);
510 * Amazingly, if ehv_bc_tty_open() returns an error code, the tty layer will
511 * still call this function to close the tty device. So we can't assume that
512 * the tty port has been initialized.
514 static void ehv_bc_tty_close(struct tty_struct
*ttys
, struct file
*filp
)
516 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= &bcs
[ttys
->index
];
519 tty_port_close(&bc
->port
, ttys
, filp
);
523 * Return the amount of space in the output buffer
525 * This is actually a contract between the driver and the tty layer outlining
526 * how much write room the driver can guarantee will be sent OR BUFFERED. This
527 * driver MUST honor the return value.
529 static int ehv_bc_tty_write_room(struct tty_struct
*ttys
)
531 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= ttys
->driver_data
;
535 spin_lock_irqsave(&bc
->lock
, flags
);
536 count
= CIRC_SPACE(bc
->head
, bc
->tail
, BUF_SIZE
);
537 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bc
->lock
, flags
);
543 * Stop sending data to the tty layer
545 * This function is called when the tty layer's input buffers are getting full,
546 * so the driver should stop sending it data. The easiest way to do this is to
547 * disable the RX IRQ, which will prevent ehv_bc_tty_rx_isr() from being
550 * The hypervisor will continue to queue up any incoming data. If there is any
551 * data in the queue when the RX interrupt is enabled, we'll immediately get an
554 static void ehv_bc_tty_throttle(struct tty_struct
*ttys
)
556 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= ttys
->driver_data
;
558 disable_irq(bc
->rx_irq
);
562 * Resume sending data to the tty layer
564 * This function is called after previously calling ehv_bc_tty_throttle(). The
565 * tty layer's input buffers now have more room, so the driver can resume
568 static void ehv_bc_tty_unthrottle(struct tty_struct
*ttys
)
570 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= ttys
->driver_data
;
572 /* If there is any data in the queue when the RX interrupt is enabled,
573 * we'll immediately get an RX interrupt.
575 enable_irq(bc
->rx_irq
);
578 static void ehv_bc_tty_hangup(struct tty_struct
*ttys
)
580 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= ttys
->driver_data
;
582 ehv_bc_tx_dequeue(bc
);
583 tty_port_hangup(&bc
->port
);
587 * TTY driver operations
589 * If we could ask the hypervisor how much data is still in the TX buffer, or
590 * at least how big the TX buffers are, then we could implement the
591 * .wait_until_sent and .chars_in_buffer functions.
593 static const struct tty_operations ehv_bc_ops
= {
594 .open
= ehv_bc_tty_open
,
595 .close
= ehv_bc_tty_close
,
596 .write
= ehv_bc_tty_write
,
597 .write_room
= ehv_bc_tty_write_room
,
598 .throttle
= ehv_bc_tty_throttle
,
599 .unthrottle
= ehv_bc_tty_unthrottle
,
600 .hangup
= ehv_bc_tty_hangup
,
604 * initialize the TTY port
606 * This function will only be called once, no matter how many times
607 * ehv_bc_tty_open() is called. That's why we register the ISR here, and also
608 * why we initialize tty_struct-related variables here.
610 static int ehv_bc_tty_port_activate(struct tty_port
*port
,
611 struct tty_struct
*ttys
)
613 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= container_of(port
, struct ehv_bc_data
, port
);
616 ttys
->driver_data
= bc
;
618 ret
= request_irq(bc
->rx_irq
, ehv_bc_tty_rx_isr
, 0, "ehv-bc", bc
);
620 dev_err(bc
->dev
, "could not request rx irq %u (ret=%i)\n",
625 /* request_irq also enables the IRQ */
626 bc
->tx_irq_enabled
= 1;
628 ret
= request_irq(bc
->tx_irq
, ehv_bc_tty_tx_isr
, 0, "ehv-bc", bc
);
630 dev_err(bc
->dev
, "could not request tx irq %u (ret=%i)\n",
632 free_irq(bc
->rx_irq
, bc
);
636 /* The TX IRQ is enabled only when we can't write all the data to the
637 * byte channel at once, so by default it's disabled.
639 disable_tx_interrupt(bc
);
644 static void ehv_bc_tty_port_shutdown(struct tty_port
*port
)
646 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= container_of(port
, struct ehv_bc_data
, port
);
648 free_irq(bc
->tx_irq
, bc
);
649 free_irq(bc
->rx_irq
, bc
);
652 static const struct tty_port_operations ehv_bc_tty_port_ops
= {
653 .activate
= ehv_bc_tty_port_activate
,
654 .shutdown
= ehv_bc_tty_port_shutdown
,
657 static int ehv_bc_tty_probe(struct platform_device
*pdev
)
659 struct device_node
*np
= pdev
->dev
.of_node
;
660 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
;
661 const uint32_t *iprop
;
664 static unsigned int index
= 1;
667 iprop
= of_get_property(np
, "hv-handle", NULL
);
669 dev_err(&pdev
->dev
, "no 'hv-handle' property in %s node\n",
674 /* We already told the console layer that the index for the console
675 * device is zero, so we need to make sure that we use that index when
676 * we probe the console byte channel node.
678 handle
= be32_to_cpu(*iprop
);
679 i
= (handle
== stdout_bc
) ? 0 : index
++;
685 spin_lock_init(&bc
->lock
);
687 bc
->rx_irq
= irq_of_parse_and_map(np
, 0);
688 bc
->tx_irq
= irq_of_parse_and_map(np
, 1);
689 if ((bc
->rx_irq
== NO_IRQ
) || (bc
->tx_irq
== NO_IRQ
)) {
690 dev_err(&pdev
->dev
, "no 'interrupts' property in %s node\n",
696 tty_port_init(&bc
->port
);
697 bc
->port
.ops
= &ehv_bc_tty_port_ops
;
699 bc
->dev
= tty_port_register_device(&bc
->port
, ehv_bc_driver
, i
,
701 if (IS_ERR(bc
->dev
)) {
702 ret
= PTR_ERR(bc
->dev
);
703 dev_err(&pdev
->dev
, "could not register tty (ret=%i)\n", ret
);
707 dev_set_drvdata(&pdev
->dev
, bc
);
709 dev_info(&pdev
->dev
, "registered /dev/%s%u for byte channel %u\n",
710 ehv_bc_driver
->name
, i
, bc
->handle
);
715 tty_port_destroy(&bc
->port
);
716 irq_dispose_mapping(bc
->tx_irq
);
717 irq_dispose_mapping(bc
->rx_irq
);
719 memset(bc
, 0, sizeof(struct ehv_bc_data
));
723 static int ehv_bc_tty_remove(struct platform_device
*pdev
)
725 struct ehv_bc_data
*bc
= dev_get_drvdata(&pdev
->dev
);
727 tty_unregister_device(ehv_bc_driver
, bc
- bcs
);
729 tty_port_destroy(&bc
->port
);
730 irq_dispose_mapping(bc
->tx_irq
);
731 irq_dispose_mapping(bc
->rx_irq
);
736 static const struct of_device_id ehv_bc_tty_of_ids
[] = {
737 { .compatible
= "epapr,hv-byte-channel" },
741 static struct platform_driver ehv_bc_tty_driver
= {
743 .owner
= THIS_MODULE
,
745 .of_match_table
= ehv_bc_tty_of_ids
,
747 .probe
= ehv_bc_tty_probe
,
748 .remove
= ehv_bc_tty_remove
,
752 * ehv_bc_init - ePAPR hypervisor byte channel driver initialization
754 * This function is called when this module is loaded.
756 static int __init
ehv_bc_init(void)
758 struct device_node
*np
;
759 unsigned int count
= 0; /* Number of elements in bcs[] */
762 pr_info("ePAPR hypervisor byte channel driver\n");
764 /* Count the number of byte channels */
765 for_each_compatible_node(np
, NULL
, "epapr,hv-byte-channel")
771 /* The array index of an element in bcs[] is the same as the tty index
772 * for that element. If you know the address of an element in the
773 * array, then you can use pointer math (e.g. "bc - bcs") to get its
776 bcs
= kzalloc(count
* sizeof(struct ehv_bc_data
), GFP_KERNEL
);
780 ehv_bc_driver
= alloc_tty_driver(count
);
781 if (!ehv_bc_driver
) {
786 ehv_bc_driver
->driver_name
= "ehv-bc";
787 ehv_bc_driver
->name
= ehv_bc_console
.name
;
788 ehv_bc_driver
->type
= TTY_DRIVER_TYPE_CONSOLE
;
789 ehv_bc_driver
->subtype
= SYSTEM_TYPE_CONSOLE
;
790 ehv_bc_driver
->init_termios
= tty_std_termios
;
791 ehv_bc_driver
->flags
= TTY_DRIVER_REAL_RAW
| TTY_DRIVER_DYNAMIC_DEV
;
792 tty_set_operations(ehv_bc_driver
, &ehv_bc_ops
);
794 ret
= tty_register_driver(ehv_bc_driver
);
796 pr_err("ehv-bc: could not register tty driver (ret=%i)\n", ret
);
800 ret
= platform_driver_register(&ehv_bc_tty_driver
);
802 pr_err("ehv-bc: could not register platform driver (ret=%i)\n",
811 tty_unregister_driver(ehv_bc_driver
);
812 put_tty_driver(ehv_bc_driver
);
822 * ehv_bc_exit - ePAPR hypervisor byte channel driver termination
824 * This function is called when this driver is unloaded.
826 static void __exit
ehv_bc_exit(void)
828 platform_driver_unregister(&ehv_bc_tty_driver
);
829 tty_unregister_driver(ehv_bc_driver
);
830 put_tty_driver(ehv_bc_driver
);
834 module_init(ehv_bc_init
);
835 module_exit(ehv_bc_exit
);
837 MODULE_AUTHOR("Timur Tabi <timur@freescale.com>");
838 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ePAPR hypervisor byte channel driver");
839 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");