2 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
3 * License. See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
6 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
7 * Copyright (C) 1995 Waldorf Electronics
8 * Copyright (C) 1994, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 01, 02, 03 Ralf Baechle
9 * Copyright (C) 1996 Stoned Elipot
10 * Copyright (C) 1999 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
11 * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007 Maciej W. Rozycki
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/ioport.h>
15 #include <linux/export.h>
16 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
17 #include <linux/memblock.h>
18 #include <linux/initrd.h>
19 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
20 #include <linux/highmem.h>
21 #include <linux/console.h>
22 #include <linux/pfn.h>
23 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
24 #include <linux/kexec.h>
25 #include <linux/sizes.h>
26 #include <linux/device.h>
27 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
28 #include <linux/decompress/generic.h>
29 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
30 #include <linux/of_reserved_mem.h>
32 #include <asm/addrspace.h>
33 #include <asm/bootinfo.h>
35 #include <asm/cache.h>
38 #include <asm/debug.h>
39 #include <asm/dma-coherence.h>
40 #include <asm/sections.h>
41 #include <asm/setup.h>
42 #include <asm/smp-ops.h>
45 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB
46 const char __section(.appended_dtb
) __appended_dtb
[0x100000];
47 #endif /* CONFIG_MIPS_ELF_APPENDED_DTB */
49 struct cpuinfo_mips cpu_data
[NR_CPUS
] __read_mostly
;
51 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_data
);
54 struct screen_info screen_info
;
60 * These are initialized so they are in the .data section
62 unsigned long mips_machtype __read_mostly
= MACH_UNKNOWN
;
64 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_machtype
);
66 static char __initdata command_line
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
];
67 char __initdata arcs_cmdline
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
];
69 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
70 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
] = CONFIG_CMDLINE
;
74 * mips_io_port_base is the begin of the address space to which x86 style
75 * I/O ports are mapped.
77 unsigned long mips_io_port_base
= -1;
78 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mips_io_port_base
);
80 static struct resource code_resource
= { .name
= "Kernel code", };
81 static struct resource data_resource
= { .name
= "Kernel data", };
82 static struct resource bss_resource
= { .name
= "Kernel bss", };
84 static void *detect_magic __initdata
= detect_memory_region
;
86 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
87 unsigned long ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
;
88 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
);
91 void __init
add_memory_region(phys_addr_t start
, phys_addr_t size
, long type
)
94 * Note: This function only exists for historical reason,
95 * new code should use memblock_add or memblock_add_node instead.
99 * If the region reaches the top of the physical address space, adjust
100 * the size slightly so that (start + size) doesn't overflow
102 if (start
+ size
- 1 == PHYS_ADDR_MAX
)
106 if (start
+ size
< start
) {
107 pr_warn("Trying to add an invalid memory region, skipped\n");
111 if (start
< PHYS_OFFSET
)
114 memblock_add(start
, size
);
115 /* Reserve any memory except the ordinary RAM ranges. */
120 case BOOT_MEM_NOMAP
: /* Discard the range from the system. */
121 memblock_remove(start
, size
);
124 default: /* Reserve the rest of the memory types at boot time */
125 memblock_reserve(start
, size
);
130 void __init
detect_memory_region(phys_addr_t start
, phys_addr_t sz_min
, phys_addr_t sz_max
)
132 void *dm
= &detect_magic
;
135 for (size
= sz_min
; size
< sz_max
; size
<<= 1) {
136 if (!memcmp(dm
, dm
+ size
, sizeof(detect_magic
)))
140 pr_debug("Memory: %lluMB of RAM detected at 0x%llx (min: %lluMB, max: %lluMB)\n",
141 ((unsigned long long) size
) / SZ_1M
,
142 (unsigned long long) start
,
143 ((unsigned long long) sz_min
) / SZ_1M
,
144 ((unsigned long long) sz_max
) / SZ_1M
);
146 add_memory_region(start
, size
, BOOT_MEM_RAM
);
152 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
154 static int __init
rd_start_early(char *p
)
156 unsigned long start
= memparse(p
, &p
);
159 /* Guess if the sign extension was forgotten by bootloader */
163 initrd_start
= start
;
167 early_param("rd_start", rd_start_early
);
169 static int __init
rd_size_early(char *p
)
171 initrd_end
+= memparse(p
, &p
);
174 early_param("rd_size", rd_size_early
);
176 /* it returns the next free pfn after initrd */
177 static unsigned long __init
init_initrd(void)
182 * Board specific code or command line parser should have
183 * already set up initrd_start and initrd_end. In these cases
184 * perfom sanity checks and use them if all looks good.
186 if (!initrd_start
|| initrd_end
<= initrd_start
)
189 if (initrd_start
& ~PAGE_MASK
) {
190 pr_err("initrd start must be page aligned\n");
193 if (initrd_start
< PAGE_OFFSET
) {
194 pr_err("initrd start < PAGE_OFFSET\n");
199 * Sanitize initrd addresses. For example firmware
200 * can't guess if they need to pass them through
201 * 64-bits values if the kernel has been built in pure
202 * 32-bit. We need also to switch from KSEG0 to XKPHYS
203 * addresses now, so the code can now safely use __pa().
205 end
= __pa(initrd_end
);
206 initrd_end
= (unsigned long)__va(end
);
207 initrd_start
= (unsigned long)__va(__pa(initrd_start
));
209 ROOT_DEV
= Root_RAM0
;
217 /* In some conditions (e.g. big endian bootloader with a little endian
218 kernel), the initrd might appear byte swapped. Try to detect this and
219 byte swap it if needed. */
220 static void __init
maybe_bswap_initrd(void)
222 #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_CAVIUM_OCTEON)
225 /* Check for CPIO signature */
226 if (!memcmp((void *)initrd_start
, "070701", 6))
229 /* Check for compressed initrd */
230 if (decompress_method((unsigned char *)initrd_start
, 8, NULL
))
233 /* Try again with a byte swapped header */
234 buf
= swab64p((u64
*)initrd_start
);
235 if (!memcmp(&buf
, "070701", 6) ||
236 decompress_method((unsigned char *)(&buf
), 8, NULL
)) {
239 pr_info("Byteswapped initrd detected\n");
240 for (i
= initrd_start
; i
< ALIGN(initrd_end
, 8); i
+= 8)
246 static void __init
finalize_initrd(void)
248 unsigned long size
= initrd_end
- initrd_start
;
251 printk(KERN_INFO
"Initrd not found or empty");
254 if (__pa(initrd_end
) > PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn
)) {
255 printk(KERN_ERR
"Initrd extends beyond end of memory");
259 maybe_bswap_initrd();
261 memblock_reserve(__pa(initrd_start
), size
);
262 initrd_below_start_ok
= 1;
264 pr_info("Initial ramdisk at: 0x%lx (%lu bytes)\n",
268 printk(KERN_CONT
" - disabling initrd\n");
273 #else /* !CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
275 static unsigned long __init
init_initrd(void)
280 #define finalize_initrd() do {} while (0)
285 * Initialize the bootmem allocator. It also setup initrd related data
288 #if defined(CONFIG_SGI_IP27) || (defined(CONFIG_CPU_LOONGSON3) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA))
290 static void __init
bootmem_init(void)
296 #else /* !CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
298 static void __init
bootmem_init(void)
300 struct memblock_region
*mem
;
301 phys_addr_t ramstart
, ramend
;
303 ramstart
= memblock_start_of_DRAM();
304 ramend
= memblock_end_of_DRAM();
307 * Sanity check any INITRD first. We don't take it into account
308 * for bootmem setup initially, rely on the end-of-kernel-code
309 * as our memory range starting point. Once bootmem is inited we
310 * will reserve the area used for the initrd.
314 /* Reserve memory occupied by kernel. */
315 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(&_text
),
316 __pa_symbol(&_end
) - __pa_symbol(&_text
));
318 /* max_low_pfn is not a number of pages but the end pfn of low mem */
320 #ifdef CONFIG_MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
321 ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
= PFN_UP(ramstart
);
324 * Reserve any memory between the start of RAM and PHYS_OFFSET
326 if (ramstart
> PHYS_OFFSET
)
327 memblock_reserve(PHYS_OFFSET
, ramstart
- PHYS_OFFSET
);
329 if (PFN_UP(ramstart
) > ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
) {
330 pr_info("Wasting %lu bytes for tracking %lu unused pages\n",
331 (unsigned long)((PFN_UP(ramstart
) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
) * sizeof(struct page
)),
332 (unsigned long)(PFN_UP(ramstart
) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
));
336 min_low_pfn
= ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
;
337 max_pfn
= PFN_DOWN(ramend
);
338 for_each_memblock(memory
, mem
) {
339 unsigned long start
= memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(mem
);
340 unsigned long end
= memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(mem
);
343 * Skip highmem here so we get an accurate max_low_pfn if low
344 * memory stops short of high memory.
345 * If the region overlaps HIGHMEM_START, end is clipped so
346 * max_pfn excludes the highmem portion.
348 if (memblock_is_nomap(mem
))
350 if (start
>= PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START
))
352 if (end
> PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START
))
353 end
= PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START
);
354 if (end
> max_low_pfn
)
358 if (min_low_pfn
>= max_low_pfn
)
359 panic("Incorrect memory mapping !!!");
361 if (max_pfn
> PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START
)) {
362 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
363 highstart_pfn
= PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START
);
364 highend_pfn
= max_pfn
;
366 max_low_pfn
= PFN_DOWN(HIGHMEM_START
);
367 max_pfn
= max_low_pfn
;
373 * In any case the added to the memblock memory regions
374 * (highmem/lowmem, available/reserved, etc) are considered
375 * as present, so inform sparsemem about them.
380 * Reserve initrd memory if needed.
385 #endif /* CONFIG_SGI_IP27 */
387 static int usermem __initdata
;
389 static int __init
early_parse_mem(char *p
)
391 phys_addr_t start
, size
;
394 * If a user specifies memory size, we
395 * blow away any automatically generated
400 memblock_remove(memblock_start_of_DRAM(),
401 memblock_end_of_DRAM() - memblock_start_of_DRAM());
404 size
= memparse(p
, &p
);
406 start
= memparse(p
+ 1, &p
);
408 add_memory_region(start
, size
, BOOT_MEM_RAM
);
412 early_param("mem", early_parse_mem
);
414 static int __init
early_parse_memmap(char *p
)
417 u64 start_at
, mem_size
;
422 if (!strncmp(p
, "exactmap", 8)) {
423 pr_err("\"memmap=exactmap\" invalid on MIPS\n");
428 mem_size
= memparse(p
, &p
);
433 start_at
= memparse(p
+1, &p
);
434 add_memory_region(start_at
, mem_size
, BOOT_MEM_RAM
);
435 } else if (*p
== '#') {
436 pr_err("\"memmap=nn#ss\" (force ACPI data) invalid on MIPS\n");
438 } else if (*p
== '$') {
439 start_at
= memparse(p
+1, &p
);
440 add_memory_region(start_at
, mem_size
, BOOT_MEM_RESERVED
);
442 pr_err("\"memmap\" invalid format!\n");
452 early_param("memmap", early_parse_memmap
);
454 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
455 unsigned long setup_elfcorehdr
, setup_elfcorehdr_size
;
456 static int __init
early_parse_elfcorehdr(char *p
)
458 struct memblock_region
*mem
;
460 setup_elfcorehdr
= memparse(p
, &p
);
462 for_each_memblock(memory
, mem
) {
463 unsigned long start
= mem
->base
;
464 unsigned long end
= start
+ mem
->size
;
465 if (setup_elfcorehdr
>= start
&& setup_elfcorehdr
< end
) {
467 * Reserve from the elf core header to the end of
468 * the memory segment, that should all be kdump
471 setup_elfcorehdr_size
= end
- setup_elfcorehdr
;
476 * If we don't find it in the memory map, then we shouldn't
477 * have to worry about it, as the new kernel won't use it.
481 early_param("elfcorehdr", early_parse_elfcorehdr
);
485 static void __init
mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
487 unsigned long long total_mem
;
488 unsigned long long crash_size
, crash_base
;
491 total_mem
= memblock_phys_mem_size();
492 ret
= parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line
, total_mem
,
493 &crash_size
, &crash_base
);
494 if (ret
!= 0 || crash_size
<= 0)
497 if (!memblock_find_in_range(crash_base
, crash_base
+ crash_size
, crash_size
, 1)) {
498 pr_warn("Invalid memory region reserved for crash kernel\n");
502 crashk_res
.start
= crash_base
;
503 crashk_res
.end
= crash_base
+ crash_size
- 1;
506 static void __init
request_crashkernel(struct resource
*res
)
510 if (crashk_res
.start
== crashk_res
.end
)
513 ret
= request_resource(res
, &crashk_res
);
515 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB for crashkernel\n",
516 (unsigned long)((crashk_res
.end
-
517 crashk_res
.start
+ 1) >> 20),
518 (unsigned long)(crashk_res
.start
>> 20));
520 #else /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
521 static void __init
mips_parse_crashkernel(void)
525 static void __init
request_crashkernel(struct resource
*res
)
528 #endif /* !defined(CONFIG_KEXEC) */
530 static void __init
check_kernel_sections_mem(void)
532 phys_addr_t start
= PFN_PHYS(PFN_DOWN(__pa_symbol(&_text
)));
533 phys_addr_t size
= PFN_PHYS(PFN_UP(__pa_symbol(&_end
))) - start
;
535 if (!memblock_is_region_memory(start
, size
)) {
536 pr_info("Kernel sections are not in the memory maps\n");
537 memblock_add(start
, size
);
541 #define USE_PROM_CMDLINE IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_FROM_BOOTLOADER)
542 #define USE_DTB_CMDLINE IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_FROM_DTB)
543 #define EXTEND_WITH_PROM IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_DTB_EXTEND)
544 #define BUILTIN_EXTEND_WITH_PROM \
545 IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIPS_CMDLINE_BUILTIN_EXTEND)
548 * arch_mem_init - initialize memory management subsystem
550 * o plat_mem_setup() detects the memory configuration and will record detected
551 * memory areas using add_memory_region.
553 * At this stage the memory configuration of the system is known to the
554 * kernel but generic memory management system is still entirely uninitialized.
559 * o dma_contiguous_reserve()
561 * At this stage the bootmem allocator is ready to use.
563 * NOTE: historically plat_mem_setup did the entire platform initialization.
564 * This was rather impractical because it meant plat_mem_setup had to
565 * get away without any kind of memory allocator. To keep old code from
566 * breaking plat_setup was just renamed to plat_mem_setup and a second platform
567 * initialization hook for anything else was introduced.
569 static void __init
arch_mem_init(char **cmdline_p
)
571 extern void plat_mem_setup(void);
574 * Initialize boot_command_line to an innocuous but non-empty string in
575 * order to prevent early_init_dt_scan_chosen() from copying
576 * CONFIG_CMDLINE into it without our knowledge. We handle
577 * CONFIG_CMDLINE ourselves below & don't want to duplicate its
578 * content because repeating arguments can be problematic.
580 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
582 /* call board setup routine */
584 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
586 #if defined(CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL) && defined(CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE)
587 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, builtin_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
589 if ((USE_PROM_CMDLINE
&& arcs_cmdline
[0]) ||
590 (USE_DTB_CMDLINE
&& !boot_command_line
[0]))
591 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, arcs_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
593 if (EXTEND_WITH_PROM
&& arcs_cmdline
[0]) {
594 if (boot_command_line
[0])
595 strlcat(boot_command_line
, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
596 strlcat(boot_command_line
, arcs_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
599 #if defined(CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL)
600 if (builtin_cmdline
[0]) {
601 if (boot_command_line
[0])
602 strlcat(boot_command_line
, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
603 strlcat(boot_command_line
, builtin_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
606 if (BUILTIN_EXTEND_WITH_PROM
&& arcs_cmdline
[0]) {
607 if (boot_command_line
[0])
608 strlcat(boot_command_line
, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
609 strlcat(boot_command_line
, arcs_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
613 strlcpy(command_line
, boot_command_line
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
615 *cmdline_p
= command_line
;
620 pr_info("User-defined physical RAM map overwrite\n");
622 check_kernel_sections_mem();
624 early_init_fdt_reserve_self();
625 early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
628 memblock_set_node(0, PHYS_ADDR_MAX
, &memblock
.memory
, 0);
633 * Prevent memblock from allocating high memory.
634 * This cannot be done before max_low_pfn is detected, so up
635 * to this point is possible to only reserve physical memory
636 * with memblock_reserve; memblock_alloc* can be used
637 * only after this point
639 memblock_set_current_limit(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn
));
641 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
642 if (setup_elfcorehdr
&& setup_elfcorehdr_size
) {
643 printk(KERN_INFO
"kdump reserved memory at %lx-%lx\n",
644 setup_elfcorehdr
, setup_elfcorehdr_size
);
645 memblock_reserve(setup_elfcorehdr
, setup_elfcorehdr_size
);
649 mips_parse_crashkernel();
651 if (crashk_res
.start
!= crashk_res
.end
)
652 memblock_reserve(crashk_res
.start
,
653 crashk_res
.end
- crashk_res
.start
+ 1);
658 * In order to reduce the possibility of kernel panic when failed to
659 * get IO TLB memory under CONFIG_SWIOTLB, it is better to allocate
660 * low memory as small as possible before plat_swiotlb_setup(), so
661 * make sparse_init() using top-down allocation.
663 memblock_set_bottom_up(false);
665 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
667 plat_swiotlb_setup();
669 dma_contiguous_reserve(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn
));
671 /* Reserve for hibernation. */
672 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin
),
673 __pa_symbol(&__nosave_end
) - __pa_symbol(&__nosave_begin
));
675 fdt_init_reserved_mem();
679 early_memtest(PFN_PHYS(ARCH_PFN_OFFSET
), PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn
));
682 static void __init
resource_init(void)
684 struct memblock_region
*region
;
686 if (UNCAC_BASE
!= IO_BASE
)
689 code_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(&_text
);
690 code_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(&_etext
) - 1;
691 data_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(&_etext
);
692 data_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(&_edata
) - 1;
693 bss_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(&__bss_start
);
694 bss_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(&__bss_stop
) - 1;
696 for_each_memblock(memory
, region
) {
697 phys_addr_t start
= PFN_PHYS(memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(region
));
698 phys_addr_t end
= PFN_PHYS(memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(region
)) - 1;
699 struct resource
*res
;
701 res
= memblock_alloc(sizeof(struct resource
), SMP_CACHE_BYTES
);
703 panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__
,
704 sizeof(struct resource
));
708 res
->flags
= IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM
| IORESOURCE_BUSY
;
709 res
->name
= "System RAM";
711 request_resource(&iomem_resource
, res
);
714 * We don't know which RAM region contains kernel data,
715 * so we try it repeatedly and let the resource manager
718 request_resource(res
, &code_resource
);
719 request_resource(res
, &data_resource
);
720 request_resource(res
, &bss_resource
);
721 request_crashkernel(res
);
726 static void __init
prefill_possible_map(void)
728 int i
, possible
= num_possible_cpus();
730 if (possible
> nr_cpu_ids
)
731 possible
= nr_cpu_ids
;
733 for (i
= 0; i
< possible
; i
++)
734 set_cpu_possible(i
, true);
735 for (; i
< NR_CPUS
; i
++)
736 set_cpu_possible(i
, false);
738 nr_cpu_ids
= possible
;
741 static inline void prefill_possible_map(void) {}
744 void __init
setup_arch(char **cmdline_p
)
750 setup_early_fdc_console();
751 #ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK
752 setup_early_printk();
757 #if defined(CONFIG_VT)
758 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
759 conswitchp
= &vga_con
;
760 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
761 conswitchp
= &dummy_con
;
765 arch_mem_init(cmdline_p
);
769 prefill_possible_map();
775 unsigned long kernelsp
[NR_CPUS
];
776 unsigned long fw_arg0
, fw_arg1
, fw_arg2
, fw_arg3
;
779 unsigned long fw_passed_dtb
;
782 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
783 struct dentry
*mips_debugfs_dir
;
784 static int __init
debugfs_mips(void)
786 mips_debugfs_dir
= debugfs_create_dir("mips", NULL
);
789 arch_initcall(debugfs_mips
);
792 #ifdef CONFIG_DMA_MAYBE_COHERENT
793 /* User defined DMA coherency from command line. */
794 enum coherent_io_user_state coherentio
= IO_COHERENCE_DEFAULT
;
795 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(coherentio
);
796 int hw_coherentio
= 0; /* Actual hardware supported DMA coherency setting. */
798 static int __init
setcoherentio(char *str
)
800 coherentio
= IO_COHERENCE_ENABLED
;
801 pr_info("Hardware DMA cache coherency (command line)\n");
804 early_param("coherentio", setcoherentio
);
806 static int __init
setnocoherentio(char *str
)
808 coherentio
= IO_COHERENCE_DISABLED
;
809 pr_info("Software DMA cache coherency (command line)\n");
812 early_param("nocoherentio", setnocoherentio
);