4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 tool for inspection and simple manipulation of eBPF maps
6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 **bpftool** [*OPTIONS*] **map** *COMMAND*
15 *OPTIONS* := { { **-j** | **--json** } [{ **-p** | **--pretty** }] | { **-f** | **--bpffs** } }
18 { **show** | **list** | **create** | **dump** | **update** | **lookup** | **getnext**
19 | **delete** | **pin** | **help** }
24 | **bpftool** **map { show | list }** [*MAP*]
25 | **bpftool** **map create** *FILE* **type** *TYPE* **key** *KEY_SIZE* **value** *VALUE_SIZE* \
26 | **entries** *MAX_ENTRIES* **name** *NAME* [**flags** *FLAGS*] [**dev** *NAME*]
27 | **bpftool** **map dump** *MAP*
28 | **bpftool** **map update** *MAP* [**key** *DATA*] [**value** *VALUE*] [*UPDATE_FLAGS*]
29 | **bpftool** **map lookup** *MAP* [**key** *DATA*]
30 | **bpftool** **map getnext** *MAP* [**key** *DATA*]
31 | **bpftool** **map delete** *MAP* **key** *DATA*
32 | **bpftool** **map pin** *MAP* *FILE*
33 | **bpftool** **map event_pipe** *MAP* [**cpu** *N* **index** *M*]
34 | **bpftool** **map peek** *MAP*
35 | **bpftool** **map push** *MAP* **value** *VALUE*
36 | **bpftool** **map pop** *MAP*
37 | **bpftool** **map enqueue** *MAP* **value** *VALUE*
38 | **bpftool** **map dequeue** *MAP*
39 | **bpftool** **map help**
41 | *MAP* := { **id** *MAP_ID* | **pinned** *FILE* }
42 | *DATA* := { [**hex**] *BYTES* }
43 | *PROG* := { **id** *PROG_ID* | **pinned** *FILE* | **tag** *PROG_TAG* }
44 | *VALUE* := { *DATA* | *MAP* | *PROG* }
45 | *UPDATE_FLAGS* := { **any** | **exist** | **noexist** }
46 | *TYPE* := { **hash** | **array** | **prog_array** | **perf_event_array** | **percpu_hash**
47 | | **percpu_array** | **stack_trace** | **cgroup_array** | **lru_hash**
48 | | **lru_percpu_hash** | **lpm_trie** | **array_of_maps** | **hash_of_maps**
49 | | **devmap** | **sockmap** | **cpumap** | **xskmap** | **sockhash**
50 | | **cgroup_storage** | **reuseport_sockarray** | **percpu_cgroup_storage**
51 | | **queue** | **stack** }
55 **bpftool map { show | list }** [*MAP*]
56 Show information about loaded maps. If *MAP* is specified
57 show information only about given map, otherwise list all
58 maps currently loaded on the system.
60 Output will start with map ID followed by map type and
61 zero or more named attributes (depending on kernel version).
63 **bpftool map create** *FILE* **type** *TYPE* **key** *KEY_SIZE* **value** *VALUE_SIZE* **entries** *MAX_ENTRIES* **name** *NAME* [**flags** *FLAGS*] [**dev** *NAME*]
64 Create a new map with given parameters and pin it to *bpffs*
67 **bpftool map dump** *MAP*
68 Dump all entries in a given *MAP*.
70 **bpftool map update** *MAP* [**key** *DATA*] [**value** *VALUE*] [*UPDATE_FLAGS*]
71 Update map entry for a given *KEY*.
73 *UPDATE_FLAGS* can be one of: **any** update existing entry
74 or add if doesn't exit; **exist** update only if entry already
75 exists; **noexist** update only if entry doesn't exist.
77 If the **hex** keyword is provided in front of the bytes
78 sequence, the bytes are parsed as hexadeximal values, even if
79 no "0x" prefix is added. If the keyword is not provided, then
80 the bytes are parsed as decimal values, unless a "0x" prefix
81 (for hexadecimal) or a "0" prefix (for octal) is provided.
83 **bpftool map lookup** *MAP* [**key** *DATA*]
84 Lookup **key** in the map.
86 **bpftool map getnext** *MAP* [**key** *DATA*]
87 Get next key. If *key* is not specified, get first key.
89 **bpftool map delete** *MAP* **key** *DATA*
90 Remove entry from the map.
92 **bpftool map pin** *MAP* *FILE*
93 Pin map *MAP* as *FILE*.
95 Note: *FILE* must be located in *bpffs* mount. It must not
96 contain a dot character ('.'), which is reserved for future
97 extensions of *bpffs*.
99 **bpftool** **map event_pipe** *MAP* [**cpu** *N* **index** *M*]
100 Read events from a BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY map.
102 Install perf rings into a perf event array map and dump
103 output of any bpf_perf_event_output() call in the kernel.
104 By default read the number of CPUs on the system and
105 install perf ring for each CPU in the corresponding index
108 If **cpu** and **index** are specified, install perf ring
109 for given **cpu** at **index** in the array (single ring).
111 Note that installing a perf ring into an array will silently
112 replace any existing ring. Any other application will stop
113 receiving events if it installed its rings earlier.
115 **bpftool map peek** *MAP*
116 Peek next **value** in the queue or stack.
118 **bpftool map push** *MAP* **value** *VALUE*
119 Push **value** onto the stack.
121 **bpftool map pop** *MAP*
122 Pop and print **value** from the stack.
124 **bpftool map enqueue** *MAP* **value** *VALUE*
125 Enqueue **value** into the queue.
127 **bpftool map dequeue** *MAP*
128 Dequeue and print **value** from the queue.
131 Print short help message.
136 Print short generic help message (similar to **bpftool help**).
139 Print version number (similar to **bpftool version**).
142 Generate JSON output. For commands that cannot produce JSON, this
143 option has no effect.
146 Generate human-readable JSON output. Implies **-j**.
149 Show file names of pinned maps.
152 Do not automatically attempt to mount any virtual file system
153 (such as tracefs or BPF virtual file system) when necessary.
157 **# bpftool map show**
160 10: hash name some_map flags 0x0
161 key 4B value 8B max_entries 2048 memlock 167936B
163 The following three commands are equivalent:
166 | **# bpftool map update id 10 key hex 20 c4 b7 00 value hex 0f ff ff ab 01 02 03 4c**
167 | **# bpftool map update id 10 key 0x20 0xc4 0xb7 0x00 value 0x0f 0xff 0xff 0xab 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x4c**
168 | **# bpftool map update id 10 key 32 196 183 0 value 15 255 255 171 1 2 3 76**
170 **# bpftool map lookup id 10 key 0 1 2 3**
174 key: 00 01 02 03 value: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
177 **# bpftool map dump id 10**
180 key: 00 01 02 03 value: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
181 key: 0d 00 07 00 value: 02 00 00 00 01 02 03 04
184 **# bpftool map getnext id 10 key 0 1 2 3**
193 | **# mount -t bpf none /sys/fs/bpf/**
194 | **# bpftool map pin id 10 /sys/fs/bpf/map**
195 | **# bpftool map del pinned /sys/fs/bpf/map key 13 00 07 00**
197 Note that map update can also be used in order to change the program references
198 hold by a program array map. This can be used, for example, to change the
199 programs used for tail-call jumps at runtime, without having to reload the
200 entry-point program. Below is an example for this use case: we load a program
201 defining a prog array map, and with a main function that contains a tail call
202 to other programs that can be used either to "process" packets or to "debug"
203 processing. Note that the prog array map MUST be pinned into the BPF virtual
204 file system for the map update to work successfully, as kernel flushes prog
205 array maps when they have no more references from user space (and the update
206 would be lost as soon as bpftool exits).
209 | **# bpftool prog loadall tail_calls.o /sys/fs/bpf/foo type xdp**
210 | **# bpftool prog --bpffs**
214 545: xdp name main_func tag 674b4b5597193dc3 gpl
215 loaded_at 2018-12-12T15:02:58+0000 uid 0
216 xlated 240B jited 257B memlock 4096B map_ids 294
217 pinned /sys/fs/bpf/foo/xdp
218 546: xdp name bpf_func_process tag e369a529024751fc gpl
219 loaded_at 2018-12-12T15:02:58+0000 uid 0
220 xlated 200B jited 164B memlock 4096B
221 pinned /sys/fs/bpf/foo/process
222 547: xdp name bpf_func_debug tag 0b597868bc7f0976 gpl
223 loaded_at 2018-12-12T15:02:58+0000 uid 0
224 xlated 200B jited 164B memlock 4096B
225 pinned /sys/fs/bpf/foo/debug
231 294: prog_array name jmp_table flags 0x0
232 key 4B value 4B max_entries 1 memlock 4096B
233 owner_prog_type xdp owner jited
236 | **# bpftool map pin id 294 /sys/fs/bpf/bar**
237 | **# bpftool map dump pinned /sys/fs/bpf/bar**
244 | **# bpftool map update pinned /sys/fs/bpf/bar key 0 0 0 0 value pinned /sys/fs/bpf/foo/debug**
245 | **# bpftool map dump pinned /sys/fs/bpf/bar**
249 key: 00 00 00 00 value: 22 02 00 00
255 **bpf-helpers**\ (7),
257 **bpftool-prog**\ (8),
258 **bpftool-cgroup**\ (8),
259 **bpftool-feature**\ (8),
260 **bpftool-net**\ (8),
261 **bpftool-perf**\ (8)