2 * Based on arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2009 Russell King
5 * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Ltd.
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20 #include <linux/bug.h>
21 #include <linux/signal.h>
22 #include <linux/personality.h>
23 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
24 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
25 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
26 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
27 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
28 #include <linux/module.h>
29 #include <linux/kexec.h>
30 #include <linux/delay.h>
31 #include <linux/init.h>
32 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
33 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
34 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
35 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
36 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
38 #include <asm/atomic.h>
40 #include <asm/debug-monitors.h>
43 #include <asm/traps.h>
44 #include <asm/stack_pointer.h>
45 #include <asm/stacktrace.h>
46 #include <asm/exception.h>
47 #include <asm/system_misc.h>
48 #include <asm/sysreg.h>
50 static const char *handler
[]= {
57 int show_unhandled_signals
= 1;
60 * Dump out the contents of some kernel memory nicely...
62 static void dump_mem(const char *lvl
, const char *str
, unsigned long bottom
,
70 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
71 * to safely read from kernel space.
76 printk("%s%s(0x%016lx to 0x%016lx)\n", lvl
, str
, bottom
, top
);
78 for (first
= bottom
& ~31; first
< top
; first
+= 32) {
80 char str
[sizeof(" 12345678") * 8 + 1];
82 memset(str
, ' ', sizeof(str
));
83 str
[sizeof(str
) - 1] = '\0';
85 for (p
= first
, i
= 0; i
< (32 / 8)
86 && p
< top
; i
++, p
+= 8) {
87 if (p
>= bottom
&& p
< top
) {
90 if (__get_user(val
, (unsigned long *)p
) == 0)
91 sprintf(str
+ i
* 17, " %016lx", val
);
93 sprintf(str
+ i
* 17, " ????????????????");
96 printk("%s%04lx:%s\n", lvl
, first
& 0xffff, str
);
102 static void dump_backtrace_entry(unsigned long where
)
105 * Note that 'where' can have a physical address, but it's not handled.
110 static void __dump_instr(const char *lvl
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
112 unsigned long addr
= instruction_pointer(regs
);
113 char str
[sizeof("00000000 ") * 5 + 2 + 1], *p
= str
;
116 for (i
= -4; i
< 1; i
++) {
117 unsigned int val
, bad
;
119 bad
= __get_user(val
, &((u32
*)addr
)[i
]);
122 p
+= sprintf(p
, i
== 0 ? "(%08x) " : "%08x ", val
);
124 p
+= sprintf(p
, "bad PC value");
128 printk("%sCode: %s\n", lvl
, str
);
131 static void dump_instr(const char *lvl
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
133 if (!user_mode(regs
)) {
134 mm_segment_t fs
= get_fs();
136 __dump_instr(lvl
, regs
);
139 __dump_instr(lvl
, regs
);
143 static void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs
*regs
, struct task_struct
*tsk
)
145 struct stackframe frame
;
146 unsigned long irq_stack_ptr
;
149 pr_debug("%s(regs = %p tsk = %p)\n", __func__
, regs
, tsk
);
154 if (!try_get_task_stack(tsk
))
158 * Switching between stacks is valid when tracing current and in
159 * non-preemptible context.
161 if (tsk
== current
&& !preemptible())
162 irq_stack_ptr
= IRQ_STACK_PTR(smp_processor_id());
166 if (tsk
== current
) {
167 frame
.fp
= (unsigned long)__builtin_frame_address(0);
168 frame
.sp
= current_stack_pointer
;
169 frame
.pc
= (unsigned long)dump_backtrace
;
172 * task blocked in __switch_to
174 frame
.fp
= thread_saved_fp(tsk
);
175 frame
.sp
= thread_saved_sp(tsk
);
176 frame
.pc
= thread_saved_pc(tsk
);
178 #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
179 frame
.graph
= tsk
->curr_ret_stack
;
183 printk("Call trace:\n");
185 unsigned long where
= frame
.pc
;
189 /* skip until specified stack frame */
191 dump_backtrace_entry(where
);
192 } else if (frame
.fp
== regs
->regs
[29]) {
195 * Mostly, this is the case where this function is
196 * called in panic/abort. As exception handler's
197 * stack frame does not contain the corresponding pc
198 * at which an exception has taken place, use regs->pc
201 dump_backtrace_entry(regs
->pc
);
203 ret
= unwind_frame(tsk
, &frame
);
207 if (in_exception_text(where
)) {
209 * If we switched to the irq_stack before calling this
210 * exception handler, then the pt_regs will be on the
211 * task stack. The easiest way to tell is if the large
212 * pt_regs would overlap with the end of the irq_stack.
214 if (stack
< irq_stack_ptr
&&
215 (stack
+ sizeof(struct pt_regs
)) > irq_stack_ptr
)
216 stack
= IRQ_STACK_TO_TASK_STACK(irq_stack_ptr
);
218 dump_mem("", "Exception stack", stack
,
219 stack
+ sizeof(struct pt_regs
));
226 void show_stack(struct task_struct
*tsk
, unsigned long *sp
)
228 dump_backtrace(NULL
, tsk
);
232 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
233 #define S_PREEMPT " PREEMPT"
239 static int __die(const char *str
, int err
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
241 struct task_struct
*tsk
= current
;
242 static int die_counter
;
245 pr_emerg("Internal error: %s: %x [#%d]" S_PREEMPT S_SMP
"\n",
246 str
, err
, ++die_counter
);
248 /* trap and error numbers are mostly meaningless on ARM */
249 ret
= notify_die(DIE_OOPS
, str
, regs
, err
, 0, SIGSEGV
);
250 if (ret
== NOTIFY_STOP
)
255 pr_emerg("Process %.*s (pid: %d, stack limit = 0x%p)\n",
256 TASK_COMM_LEN
, tsk
->comm
, task_pid_nr(tsk
),
259 if (!user_mode(regs
)) {
260 dump_mem(KERN_EMERG
, "Stack: ", regs
->sp
,
261 THREAD_SIZE
+ (unsigned long)task_stack_page(tsk
));
262 dump_backtrace(regs
, tsk
);
263 dump_instr(KERN_EMERG
, regs
);
269 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(die_lock
);
272 * This function is protected against re-entrancy.
274 void die(const char *str
, struct pt_regs
*regs
, int err
)
280 raw_spin_lock_irq(&die_lock
);
283 ret
= __die(str
, err
, regs
);
285 if (regs
&& kexec_should_crash(current
))
289 add_taint(TAINT_DIE
, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE
);
290 raw_spin_unlock_irq(&die_lock
);
294 panic("Fatal exception in interrupt");
296 panic("Fatal exception");
297 if (ret
!= NOTIFY_STOP
)
301 void arm64_notify_die(const char *str
, struct pt_regs
*regs
,
302 struct siginfo
*info
, int err
)
304 if (user_mode(regs
)) {
305 current
->thread
.fault_address
= 0;
306 current
->thread
.fault_code
= err
;
307 force_sig_info(info
->si_signo
, info
, current
);
313 static LIST_HEAD(undef_hook
);
314 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(undef_lock
);
316 void register_undef_hook(struct undef_hook
*hook
)
320 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock
, flags
);
321 list_add(&hook
->node
, &undef_hook
);
322 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock
, flags
);
325 void unregister_undef_hook(struct undef_hook
*hook
)
329 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock
, flags
);
330 list_del(&hook
->node
);
331 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock
, flags
);
334 static int call_undef_hook(struct pt_regs
*regs
)
336 struct undef_hook
*hook
;
339 int (*fn
)(struct pt_regs
*regs
, u32 instr
) = NULL
;
340 void __user
*pc
= (void __user
*)instruction_pointer(regs
);
342 if (!user_mode(regs
))
345 if (compat_thumb_mode(regs
)) {
346 /* 16-bit Thumb instruction */
347 if (get_user(instr
, (u16 __user
*)pc
))
349 instr
= le16_to_cpu(instr
);
350 if (aarch32_insn_is_wide(instr
)) {
353 if (get_user(instr2
, (u16 __user
*)(pc
+ 2)))
355 instr2
= le16_to_cpu(instr2
);
356 instr
= (instr
<< 16) | instr2
;
359 /* 32-bit ARM instruction */
360 if (get_user(instr
, (u32 __user
*)pc
))
362 instr
= le32_to_cpu(instr
);
365 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock
, flags
);
366 list_for_each_entry(hook
, &undef_hook
, node
)
367 if ((instr
& hook
->instr_mask
) == hook
->instr_val
&&
368 (regs
->pstate
& hook
->pstate_mask
) == hook
->pstate_val
)
371 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock
, flags
);
373 return fn
? fn(regs
, instr
) : 1;
376 static void force_signal_inject(int signal
, int code
, struct pt_regs
*regs
,
377 unsigned long address
)
380 void __user
*pc
= (void __user
*)instruction_pointer(regs
);
385 desc
= "undefined instruction";
388 desc
= "illegal memory access";
395 if (unhandled_signal(current
, signal
) &&
396 show_unhandled_signals_ratelimited()) {
397 pr_info("%s[%d]: %s: pc=%p\n",
398 current
->comm
, task_pid_nr(current
), desc
, pc
);
399 dump_instr(KERN_INFO
, regs
);
402 info
.si_signo
= signal
;
407 arm64_notify_die(desc
, regs
, &info
, 0);
411 * Set up process info to signal segmentation fault - called on access error.
413 void arm64_notify_segfault(struct pt_regs
*regs
, unsigned long addr
)
417 down_read(¤t
->mm
->mmap_sem
);
418 if (find_vma(current
->mm
, addr
) == NULL
)
422 up_read(¤t
->mm
->mmap_sem
);
424 force_signal_inject(SIGSEGV
, code
, regs
, addr
);
427 asmlinkage
void __exception
do_undefinstr(struct pt_regs
*regs
)
429 /* check for AArch32 breakpoint instructions */
430 if (!aarch32_break_handler(regs
))
433 if (call_undef_hook(regs
) == 0)
436 force_signal_inject(SIGILL
, ILL_ILLOPC
, regs
, 0);
439 int cpu_enable_cache_maint_trap(void *__unused
)
441 config_sctlr_el1(SCTLR_EL1_UCI
, 0);
445 #define __user_cache_maint(insn, address, res) \
446 if (address >= user_addr_max()) { \
449 uaccess_ttbr0_enable(); \
451 "1: " insn ", %1\n" \
454 " .pushsection .fixup,\"ax\"\n" \
456 "3: mov %w0, %w2\n" \
459 _ASM_EXTABLE(1b, 3b) \
461 : "r" (address), "i" (-EFAULT)); \
462 uaccess_ttbr0_disable(); \
465 static void user_cache_maint_handler(unsigned int esr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
467 unsigned long address
;
468 int rt
= (esr
& ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_MASK
) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_SHIFT
;
469 int crm
= (esr
& ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_MASK
) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_SHIFT
;
472 address
= untagged_addr(pt_regs_read_reg(regs
, rt
));
475 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_DC_CVAU
: /* DC CVAU, gets promoted */
476 __user_cache_maint("dc civac", address
, ret
);
478 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_DC_CVAC
: /* DC CVAC, gets promoted */
479 __user_cache_maint("dc civac", address
, ret
);
481 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_DC_CIVAC
: /* DC CIVAC */
482 __user_cache_maint("dc civac", address
, ret
);
484 case ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_CRM_IC_IVAU
: /* IC IVAU */
485 __user_cache_maint("ic ivau", address
, ret
);
488 force_signal_inject(SIGILL
, ILL_ILLOPC
, regs
, 0);
493 arm64_notify_segfault(regs
, address
);
498 static void ctr_read_handler(unsigned int esr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
500 int rt
= (esr
& ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_MASK
) >> ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_RT_SHIFT
;
501 unsigned long val
= arm64_ftr_reg_user_value(&arm64_ftr_reg_ctrel0
);
503 pt_regs_write_reg(regs
, rt
, val
);
509 unsigned int esr_mask
;
510 unsigned int esr_val
;
511 void (*handler
)(unsigned int esr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
);
514 static struct sys64_hook sys64_hooks
[] = {
516 .esr_mask
= ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_EL0_CACHE_OP_MASK
,
517 .esr_val
= ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_EL0_CACHE_OP_VAL
,
518 .handler
= user_cache_maint_handler
,
521 /* Trap read access to CTR_EL0 */
522 .esr_mask
= ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_OP_MASK
,
523 .esr_val
= ESR_ELx_SYS64_ISS_SYS_CTR_READ
,
524 .handler
= ctr_read_handler
,
529 asmlinkage
void __exception
do_sysinstr(unsigned int esr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
531 struct sys64_hook
*hook
;
533 for (hook
= sys64_hooks
; hook
->handler
; hook
++)
534 if ((hook
->esr_mask
& esr
) == hook
->esr_val
) {
535 hook
->handler(esr
, regs
);
540 * New SYS instructions may previously have been undefined at EL0. Fall
541 * back to our usual undefined instruction handler so that we handle
542 * these consistently.
547 long compat_arm_syscall(struct pt_regs
*regs
);
549 asmlinkage
long do_ni_syscall(struct pt_regs
*regs
)
553 if (is_compat_task()) {
554 ret
= compat_arm_syscall(regs
);
560 if (show_unhandled_signals_ratelimited()) {
561 pr_info("%s[%d]: syscall %d\n", current
->comm
,
562 task_pid_nr(current
), (int)regs
->syscallno
);
563 dump_instr("", regs
);
568 return sys_ni_syscall();
571 static const char *esr_class_str
[] = {
572 [0 ... ESR_ELx_EC_MAX
] = "UNRECOGNIZED EC",
573 [ESR_ELx_EC_UNKNOWN
] = "Unknown/Uncategorized",
574 [ESR_ELx_EC_WFx
] = "WFI/WFE",
575 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP15_32
] = "CP15 MCR/MRC",
576 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP15_64
] = "CP15 MCRR/MRRC",
577 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_MR
] = "CP14 MCR/MRC",
578 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_LS
] = "CP14 LDC/STC",
579 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_ASIMD
] = "ASIMD",
580 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP10_ID
] = "CP10 MRC/VMRS",
581 [ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_64
] = "CP14 MCRR/MRRC",
582 [ESR_ELx_EC_ILL
] = "PSTATE.IL",
583 [ESR_ELx_EC_SVC32
] = "SVC (AArch32)",
584 [ESR_ELx_EC_HVC32
] = "HVC (AArch32)",
585 [ESR_ELx_EC_SMC32
] = "SMC (AArch32)",
586 [ESR_ELx_EC_SVC64
] = "SVC (AArch64)",
587 [ESR_ELx_EC_HVC64
] = "HVC (AArch64)",
588 [ESR_ELx_EC_SMC64
] = "SMC (AArch64)",
589 [ESR_ELx_EC_SYS64
] = "MSR/MRS (AArch64)",
590 [ESR_ELx_EC_IMP_DEF
] = "EL3 IMP DEF",
591 [ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_LOW
] = "IABT (lower EL)",
592 [ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR
] = "IABT (current EL)",
593 [ESR_ELx_EC_PC_ALIGN
] = "PC Alignment",
594 [ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_LOW
] = "DABT (lower EL)",
595 [ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR
] = "DABT (current EL)",
596 [ESR_ELx_EC_SP_ALIGN
] = "SP Alignment",
597 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC32
] = "FP (AArch32)",
598 [ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC64
] = "FP (AArch64)",
599 [ESR_ELx_EC_SERROR
] = "SError",
600 [ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_LOW
] = "Breakpoint (lower EL)",
601 [ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_CUR
] = "Breakpoint (current EL)",
602 [ESR_ELx_EC_SOFTSTP_LOW
] = "Software Step (lower EL)",
603 [ESR_ELx_EC_SOFTSTP_CUR
] = "Software Step (current EL)",
604 [ESR_ELx_EC_WATCHPT_LOW
] = "Watchpoint (lower EL)",
605 [ESR_ELx_EC_WATCHPT_CUR
] = "Watchpoint (current EL)",
606 [ESR_ELx_EC_BKPT32
] = "BKPT (AArch32)",
607 [ESR_ELx_EC_VECTOR32
] = "Vector catch (AArch32)",
608 [ESR_ELx_EC_BRK64
] = "BRK (AArch64)",
611 const char *esr_get_class_string(u32 esr
)
613 return esr_class_str
[ESR_ELx_EC(esr
)];
617 * bad_mode handles the impossible case in the exception vector. This is always
620 asmlinkage
void bad_mode(struct pt_regs
*regs
, int reason
, unsigned int esr
)
624 pr_crit("Bad mode in %s handler detected on CPU%d, code 0x%08x -- %s\n",
625 handler
[reason
], smp_processor_id(), esr
,
626 esr_get_class_string(esr
));
628 die("Oops - bad mode", regs
, 0);
634 * bad_el0_sync handles unexpected, but potentially recoverable synchronous
635 * exceptions taken from EL0. Unlike bad_mode, this returns.
637 asmlinkage
void bad_el0_sync(struct pt_regs
*regs
, int reason
, unsigned int esr
)
640 void __user
*pc
= (void __user
*)instruction_pointer(regs
);
643 pr_crit("Bad EL0 synchronous exception detected on CPU%d, code 0x%08x -- %s\n",
644 smp_processor_id(), esr
, esr_get_class_string(esr
));
647 info
.si_signo
= SIGILL
;
649 info
.si_code
= ILL_ILLOPC
;
652 current
->thread
.fault_address
= 0;
653 current
->thread
.fault_code
= 0;
655 force_sig_info(info
.si_signo
, &info
, current
);
658 void __pte_error(const char *file
, int line
, unsigned long val
)
660 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pte %016lx.\n", file
, line
, val
);
663 void __pmd_error(const char *file
, int line
, unsigned long val
)
665 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pmd %016lx.\n", file
, line
, val
);
668 void __pud_error(const char *file
, int line
, unsigned long val
)
670 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pud %016lx.\n", file
, line
, val
);
673 void __pgd_error(const char *file
, int line
, unsigned long val
)
675 pr_err("%s:%d: bad pgd %016lx.\n", file
, line
, val
);
678 /* GENERIC_BUG traps */
680 int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long addr
)
683 * bug_handler() only called for BRK #BUG_BRK_IMM.
684 * So the answer is trivial -- any spurious instances with no
685 * bug table entry will be rejected by report_bug() and passed
686 * back to the debug-monitors code and handled as a fatal
687 * unexpected debug exception.
692 static int bug_handler(struct pt_regs
*regs
, unsigned int esr
)
695 return DBG_HOOK_ERROR
;
697 switch (report_bug(regs
->pc
, regs
)) {
698 case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_BUG
:
699 die("Oops - BUG", regs
, 0);
702 case BUG_TRAP_TYPE_WARN
:
703 /* Ideally, report_bug() should backtrace for us... but no. */
704 dump_backtrace(regs
, NULL
);
708 /* unknown/unrecognised bug trap type */
709 return DBG_HOOK_ERROR
;
712 /* If thread survives, skip over the BUG instruction and continue: */
713 regs
->pc
+= AARCH64_INSN_SIZE
; /* skip BRK and resume */
714 return DBG_HOOK_HANDLED
;
717 static struct break_hook bug_break_hook
= {
718 .esr_val
= 0xf2000000 | BUG_BRK_IMM
,
719 .esr_mask
= 0xffffffff,
724 * Initial handler for AArch64 BRK exceptions
725 * This handler only used until debug_traps_init().
727 int __init
early_brk64(unsigned long addr
, unsigned int esr
,
728 struct pt_regs
*regs
)
730 return bug_handler(regs
, esr
) != DBG_HOOK_HANDLED
;
733 /* This registration must happen early, before debug_traps_init(). */
734 void __init
trap_init(void)
736 register_break_hook(&bug_break_hook
);