drivers/mtd/tests/torturetest.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Artem Bityutskiy
   3  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Jarkko Lavinen
   4  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Adrian Hunter
   5  *
   6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   7  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
   8  * the Free Software Foundation.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
  13  * more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
  16  * this program; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
  18  *
  19  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy, Jarkko Lavinen, Adria Hunter
  20  *
  21  * WARNING: this test program may kill your flash and your device. Do not
  22  * use it unless you know what you do. Authors are not responsible for any
  23  * damage caused by this program.
  24  */
  25
  26 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
  27
  28 #include <linux/init.h>
  29 #include <linux/ktime.h>
  30 #include <linux/module.h>
  31 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
  32 #include <linux/err.h>
  33 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
  34 #include <linux/slab.h>
  35 #include <linux/sched.h>
  36 #include "mtd_test.h"
  37
  38 #define RETRIES 3
  39
  40 static int eb = 8;
  41 module_param(eb, int, S_IRUGO);
  42 MODULE_PARM_DESC(eb, "eraseblock number within the selected MTD device");
  43
  44 static int ebcnt = 32;
  45 module_param(ebcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
  46 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ebcnt, "number of consecutive eraseblocks to torture");
  47
  48 static int pgcnt;
  49 module_param(pgcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
  50 MODULE_PARM_DESC(pgcnt, "number of pages per eraseblock to torture (0 => all)");
  51
  52 static int dev = -EINVAL;
  53 module_param(dev, int, S_IRUGO);
  54 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dev, "MTD device number to use");
  55
  56 static int gran = 512;
  57 module_param(gran, int, S_IRUGO);
  58 MODULE_PARM_DESC(gran, "how often the status information should be printed");
  59
  60 static int check = 1;
  61 module_param(check, int, S_IRUGO);
  62 MODULE_PARM_DESC(check, "if the written data should be checked");
  63
  64 static unsigned int cycles_count;
  65 module_param(cycles_count, uint, S_IRUGO);
  66 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cycles_count, "how many erase cycles to do "
  67                                "(infinite by default)");
  68
  69 static struct mtd_info *mtd;
  70
  71 /* This buffer contains 0x555555...0xAAAAAA... pattern */
  72 static unsigned char *patt_5A5;
  73 /* This buffer contains 0xAAAAAA...0x555555... pattern */
  74 static unsigned char *patt_A5A;
  75 /* This buffer contains all 0xFF bytes */
  76 static unsigned char *patt_FF;
  77 /* This a temporary buffer is use when checking data */
  78 static unsigned char *check_buf;
  79 /* How many erase cycles were done */
  80 static unsigned int erase_cycles;
  81
  82 static int pgsize;
  83 static ktime_t start, finish;
  84
  85 static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written);
  86
  87 static inline void start_timing(void)
  88 {
  89         start = ktime_get();
  90 }
  91
  92 static inline void stop_timing(void)
  93 {
  94         finish = ktime_get();
  95 }
  96
  97 /*
  98  * Check that the contents of eraseblock number @enbum is equivalent to the
  99  * @buf buffer.
 100  */
 101 static inline int check_eraseblock(int ebnum, unsigned char *buf)
 102 {
 103         int err, retries = 0;
 104         size_t read;
 105         loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
 106         size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
 107
 108         if (pgcnt) {
 109                 addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
 110                 len = pgcnt * pgsize;
 111         }
 112
 113 retry:
 114         err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, len, &read, check_buf);
 115         if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
 116                 pr_err("single bit flip occurred at EB %d "
 117                        "MTD reported that it was fixed.\n", ebnum);
 118         else if (err) {
 119                 pr_err("error %d while reading EB %d, "
 120                        "read %zd\n", err, ebnum, read);
 121                 return err;
 122         }
 123
 124         if (read != len) {
 125                 pr_err("failed to read %zd bytes from EB %d, "
 126                        "read only %zd, but no error reported\n",
 127                        len, ebnum, read);
 128                 return -EIO;
 129         }
 130
 131         if (memcmp(buf, check_buf, len)) {
 132                 pr_err("read wrong data from EB %d\n", ebnum);
 133                 report_corrupt(check_buf, buf);
 134
 135                 if (retries++ < RETRIES) {
 136                         /* Try read again */
 137                         yield();
 138                         pr_info("re-try reading data from EB %d\n",
 139                                ebnum);
 140                         goto retry;
 141                 } else {
 142                         pr_info("retried %d times, still errors, "
 143                                "give-up\n", RETRIES);
 144                         return -EINVAL;
 145                 }
 146         }
 147
 148         if (retries != 0)
 149                 pr_info("only attempt number %d was OK (!!!)\n",
 150                        retries);
 151
 152         return 0;
 153 }
 154
 155 static inline int write_pattern(int ebnum, void *buf)
 156 {
 157         int err;
 158         size_t written;
 159         loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
 160         size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
 161
 162         if (pgcnt) {
 163                 addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
 164                 len = pgcnt * pgsize;
 165         }
 166         err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, len, &written, buf);
 167         if (err) {
 168                 pr_err("error %d while writing EB %d, written %zd"
 169                       " bytes\n", err, ebnum, written);
 170                 return err;
 171         }
 172         if (written != len) {
 173                 pr_info("written only %zd bytes of %zd, but no error"
 174                        " reported\n", written, len);
 175                 return -EIO;
 176         }
 177
 178         return 0;
 179 }
 180
 181 static int __init tort_init(void)
 182 {
 183         int err = 0, i, infinite = !cycles_count;
 184         unsigned char *bad_ebs;
 185
 186         printk(KERN_INFO "\n");
 187         printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
 188         pr_info("Warning: this program is trying to wear out your "
 189                "flash, stop it if this is not wanted.\n");
 190
 191         if (dev < 0) {
 192                 pr_info("Please specify a valid mtd-device via module parameter\n");
 193                 pr_crit("CAREFUL: This test wipes all data on the specified MTD device!\n");
 194                 return -EINVAL;
 195         }
 196
 197         pr_info("MTD device: %d\n", dev);
 198         pr_info("torture %d eraseblocks (%d-%d) of mtd%d\n",
 199                ebcnt, eb, eb + ebcnt - 1, dev);
 200         if (pgcnt)
 201                 pr_info("torturing just %d pages per eraseblock\n",
 202                         pgcnt);
 203         pr_info("write verify %s\n", check ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 204
 205         mtd = get_mtd_device(NULL, dev);
 206         if (IS_ERR(mtd)) {
 207                 err = PTR_ERR(mtd);
 208                 pr_err("error: cannot get MTD device\n");
 209                 return err;
 210         }
 211
 212         if (mtd->writesize == 1) {
 213                 pr_info("not NAND flash, assume page size is 512 "
 214                        "bytes.\n");
 215                 pgsize = 512;
 216         } else
 217                 pgsize = mtd->writesize;
 218
 219         if (pgcnt && (pgcnt > mtd->erasesize / pgsize || pgcnt < 0)) {
 220                 pr_err("error: invalid pgcnt value %d\n", pgcnt);
 221                 goto out_mtd;
 222         }
 223
 224         err = -ENOMEM;
 225         patt_5A5 = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
 226         if (!patt_5A5)
 227                 goto out_mtd;
 228
 229         patt_A5A = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
 230         if (!patt_A5A)
 231                 goto out_patt_5A5;
 232
 233         patt_FF = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
 234         if (!patt_FF)
 235                 goto out_patt_A5A;
 236
 237         check_buf = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
 238         if (!check_buf)
 239                 goto out_patt_FF;
 240
 241         bad_ebs = kzalloc(ebcnt, GFP_KERNEL);
 242         if (!bad_ebs)
 243                 goto out_check_buf;
 244
 245         err = 0;
 246
 247         /* Initialize patterns */
 248         memset(patt_FF, 0xFF, mtd->erasesize);
 249         for (i = 0; i < mtd->erasesize / pgsize; i++) {
 250                 if (!(i & 1)) {
 251                         memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
 252                         memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
 253                 } else {
 254                         memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
 255                         memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
 256                 }
 257         }
 258
 259         err = mtdtest_scan_for_bad_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
 260         if (err)
 261                 goto out;
 262
 263         start_timing();
 264         while (1) {
 265                 int i;
 266                 void *patt;
 267
 268                 err = mtdtest_erase_good_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
 269                 if (err)
 270                         goto out;
 271
 272                 /* Check if the eraseblocks contain only 0xFF bytes */
 273                 if (check) {
 274                         for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
 275                                 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
 276                                         continue;
 277                                 err = check_eraseblock(i, patt_FF);
 278                                 if (err) {
 279                                         pr_info("verify failed"
 280                                                " for 0xFF... pattern\n");
 281                                         goto out;
 282                                 }
 283
 284                                 err = mtdtest_relax();
 285                                 if (err)
 286                                         goto out;
 287                         }
 288                 }
 289
 290                 /* Write the pattern */
 291                 for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
 292                         if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
 293                                 continue;
 294                         if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
 295                                 patt = patt_5A5;
 296                         else
 297                                 patt = patt_A5A;
 298                         err = write_pattern(i, patt);
 299                         if (err)
 300                                 goto out;
 301
 302                         err = mtdtest_relax();
 303                         if (err)
 304                                 goto out;
 305                 }
 306
 307                 /* Verify what we wrote */
 308                 if (check) {
 309                         for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
 310                                 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
 311                                         continue;
 312                                 if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
 313                                         patt = patt_5A5;
 314                                 else
 315                                         patt = patt_A5A;
 316                                 err = check_eraseblock(i, patt);
 317                                 if (err) {
 318                                         pr_info("verify failed for %s"
 319                                                " pattern\n",
 320                                                ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1) ?
 321                                                "0x55AA55..." : "0xAA55AA...");
 322                                         goto out;
 323                                 }
 324
 325                                 err = mtdtest_relax();
 326                                 if (err)
 327                                         goto out;
 328                         }
 329                 }
 330
 331                 erase_cycles += 1;
 332
 333                 if (erase_cycles % gran == 0) {
 334                         long ms;
 335
 336                         stop_timing();
 337                         ms = ktime_ms_delta(finish, start);
 338                         pr_info("%08u erase cycles done, took %lu "
 339                                "milliseconds (%lu seconds)\n",
 340                                erase_cycles, ms, ms / 1000);
 341                         start_timing();
 342                 }
 343
 344                 if (!infinite && --cycles_count == 0)
 345                         break;
 346         }
 347 out:
 348
 349         pr_info("finished after %u erase cycles\n",
 350                erase_cycles);
 351         kfree(bad_ebs);
 352 out_check_buf:
 353         kfree(check_buf);
 354 out_patt_FF:
 355         kfree(patt_FF);
 356 out_patt_A5A:
 357         kfree(patt_A5A);
 358 out_patt_5A5:
 359         kfree(patt_5A5);
 360 out_mtd:
 361         put_mtd_device(mtd);
 362         if (err)
 363                 pr_info("error %d occurred during torturing\n", err);
 364         printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
 365         return err;
 366 }
 367 module_init(tort_init);
 368
 369 static void __exit tort_exit(void)
 370 {
 371         return;
 372 }
 373 module_exit(tort_exit);
 374
 375 static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
 376                       unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
 377                       unsigned *bitsp);
 378 static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
 379                        int len);
 380
 381 /*
 382  * Report the detailed information about how the read EB differs from what was
 383  * written.
 384  */
 385 static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written)
 386 {
 387         int i;
 388         int bytes, bits, pages, first;
 389         int offset, len;
 390         size_t check_len = mtd->erasesize;
 391
 392         if (pgcnt)
 393                 check_len = pgcnt * pgsize;
 394
 395         bytes = bits = pages = 0;
 396         for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize)
 397                 if (countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
 398                                &bits) >= 0)
 399                         pages++;
 400
 401         pr_info("verify fails on %d pages, %d bytes/%d bits\n",
 402                pages, bytes, bits);
 403         pr_info("The following is a list of all differences between"
 404                " what was read from flash and what was expected\n");
 405
 406         for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize) {
 407                 cond_resched();
 408                 bytes = bits = 0;
 409                 first = countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
 410                                    &bits);
 411                 if (first < 0)
 412                         continue;
 413
 414                 printk("-------------------------------------------------------"
 415                        "----------------------------------\n");
 416
 417                 pr_info("Page %zd has %d bytes/%d bits failing verify,"
 418                        " starting at offset 0x%x\n",
 419                        (mtd->erasesize - check_len + i) / pgsize,
 420                        bytes, bits, first);
 421
 422                 offset = first & ~0x7;
 423                 len = ((first + bytes) | 0x7) + 1 - offset;
 424
 425                 print_bufs(read, written, offset, len);
 426         }
 427 }
 428
 429 static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
 430                        int len)
 431 {
 432         int i = 0, j1, j2;
 433         char *diff;
 434
 435         printk("Offset       Read                          Written\n");
 436         while (i < len) {
 437                 printk("0x%08x: ", start + i);
 438                 diff = "   ";
 439                 for (j1 = 0; j1 < 8 && i + j1 < len; j1++) {
 440                         printk(" %02x", read[start + i + j1]);
 441                         if (read[start + i + j1] != written[start + i + j1])
 442                                 diff = "***";
 443                 }
 444
 445                 while (j1 < 8) {
 446                         printk(" ");
 447                         j1 += 1;
 448                 }
 449
 450                 printk("  %s ", diff);
 451
 452                 for (j2 = 0; j2 < 8 && i + j2 < len; j2++)
 453                         printk(" %02x", written[start + i + j2]);
 454                 printk("\n");
 455                 i += 8;
 456         }
 457 }
 458
 459 /*
 460  * Count the number of differing bytes and bits and return the first differing
 461  * offset.
 462  */
 463 static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
 464                       unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
 465                       unsigned *bitsp)
 466 {
 467         unsigned i, bit;
 468         int first = -1;
 469
 470         for (i = offset; i < offset + len; i++)
 471                 if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
 472                         first = i;
 473                         break;
 474                 }
 475
 476         while (i < offset + len) {
 477                 if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
 478                         (*bytesp)++;
 479                         bit = 1;
 480                         while (bit < 256) {
 481                                 if ((buf[i] & bit) != (check_buf[i] & bit))
 482                                         (*bitsp)++;
 483                                 bit <<= 1;
 484                         }
 485                 }
 486                 i++;
 487         }
 488
 489         return first;
 490 }
 491
 492 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Eraseblock torturing module");
 493 MODULE_AUTHOR("Artem Bityutskiy, Jarkko Lavinen, Adrian Hunter");
 494 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");