1 <sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2>
3 <sect2><title>Descriptions</title>
5 <para>Last checked against version &binutils-contversion;.</para>
7 <sect3><title>Program file descriptions</title>
9 <sect4><title>addr2line</title>
10 <para>addr2line translates program addresses into file names and line numbers.
11 Given an address and an executable, it uses the debugging information in
12 the executable to figure out which file name and line number are associated
13 with a given address.</para></sect4>
15 <sect4><title>ar</title>
16 <para>The ar program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives. An archive
17 is a single file holding a collection of other files in a structure that makes
18 it possible to retrieve the original individual files (called members of
19 the archive).</para></sect4>
21 <sect4><title>as</title>
22 <para>as is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C compiler,
23 gcc, for use by the linker ld.</para></sect4>
25 <sect4><title>gprof</title>
26 <para>gprof displays call graph profile data.</para></sect4>
28 <sect4><title>ld</title>
29 <para>ld combines a number of object and archive files, relocates their data
30 and ties up symbol references. Often the last step in building a new compiled
31 program to run is a call to ld.</para></sect4>
33 <sect4><title>nm</title>
34 <para>nm lists the symbols from object files.</para></sect4>
36 <sect4><title>objcopy</title>
37 <para>objcopy utility copies the contents of an object file to another. objcopy
38 uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the object files. It can write
39 the destination object file in a format different from that of the source
40 object file.</para></sect4>
42 <sect4><title>objdump</title>
43 <para>objdump displays information about one or more object files. The options
44 control what particular information to display. This information is mostly
45 useful to programmers who are working on the compilation tools, as opposed to
46 programmers who just want their program to compile and work.</para></sect4>
48 <sect4><title>ranlib</title>
49 <para>ranlib generates an index to the contents of an archive, and stores it in
50 the archive. The index lists each symbol defined by an archive member
51 that is a relocatable object file.</para></sect4>
53 <sect4><title>readelf</title>
54 <para>readelf displays information about elf type binaries.</para></sect4>
56 <sect4><title>size</title>
57 <para>size lists the section sizes --and the total size-- for each of the
58 object files in its argument list. By default, one line of output is
59 generated for each object file or each module in an archive.</para></sect4>
61 <sect4><title>strings</title>
62 <para>For each file given, strings prints the printable character sequences
63 that are at least 4 characters long (or the number specified with an
64 option to the program) and are followed by an unprintable character. By
65 default, it only prints the strings from the initialized and loaded
66 sections of object files. For other types of files, it prints the strings
67 from the whole file.</para>
69 <para>strings is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text files.</para></sect4>
71 <sect4><title>strip</title>
72 <para>strip discards all or specific symbols from object files. The list of
73 object files may include archives. At least one object file must be
74 given. strip modifies the files named in its argument, rather than writing
75 modified copies under different names.</para></sect4>
79 <sect3><title>Library file descriptions</title>
81 <sect4><title>libbfd</title>
82 <para>libbfd is the Binary File Descriptor library.</para></sect4>
84 <sect4><title>libopcodes</title>
85 <para>libopcodes is a native library for dealing with opcodes and is
86 used in the course of building utilities such as objdump. Opcodes are
87 actually "readable text" versions of instructions for the
88 processor.</para></sect4>