1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2 <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
3 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
6 <sect1 id="ch-tools-gcc-pass1">
7 <title>GCC-&gcc-version; - Pass 1</title>
8 <?dbhtml filename="gcc-pass1.html"?>
10 <indexterm zone="ch-tools-gcc-pass1">
11 <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
12 <secondary>tools, pass 1</secondary></indexterm>
14 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="../chapter06/gcc.xml" xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/para[1])"/>
16 <screen>&buildtime; 4.4 SBU
17 &diskspace; 411.7 MB</screen>
19 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="../chapter06/gcc.xml" xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/para[2])"/>
23 <title>Installation of GCC</title>
25 <para>Unpack only the GCC-core tarball, as we won't be needing the C++ compiler
26 nor the test suite here.</para>
28 <para>This package is known to behave badly when you change its default
29 optimization flags (including the <emphasis>-march</emphasis> and
30 <emphasis>-mcpu</emphasis> options). Therefore, if you have defined any
31 environment variables that override default optimizations, such as CFLAGS and
32 CXXFLAGS, we recommend un-setting them when building GCC.</para>
34 <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
35 directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
37 <screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build
38 cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
40 <para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
42 <screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
43 --with-local-prefix=/tools \
44 --disable-nls --enable-shared \
45 --enable-languages=c</userinput></screen>
47 <para>The meaning of the configure options:</para>
50 <listitem><para><userinput>--with-local-prefix=/tools</userinput>: The
51 purpose of this switch is to remove <filename>/usr/local/include</filename>
52 from <command>gcc</command>'s include search path. This is not absolutely
53 essential; however, we want to try to minimize the influence of the host
54 system, so this a sensible thing to do.</para></listitem>
56 <listitem><para><userinput>--enable-shared</userinput>: This switch may
57 seem counter-intuitive at first. But using it allows the building of
58 <filename>libgcc_s.so.1</filename> and <filename>libgcc_eh.a</filename>, and
59 having <filename>libgcc_eh.a</filename> available ensures that the configure
60 script for Glibc (the next package we compile) produces the proper results.
61 Note that the <command>gcc</command> binaries will still be linked
62 statically, as this is controlled by the <emphasis>-static</emphasis>
63 value of BOOT_LDFLAGS in the next step.</para></listitem>
65 <listitem><para><userinput>--enable-languages=c</userinput>: This option
66 ensures that only the C compiler is built. The option is only needed when you
67 have downloaded and unpacked the full GCC tarball.</para></listitem>
70 <para>Continue with compiling the package:</para>
72 <screen><userinput>make BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static" bootstrap</userinput></screen>
74 <para>The meaning of the make parameters:</para>
77 <listitem><para><userinput>BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static"</userinput>: This tells
78 GCC to link its programs statically.</para></listitem>
80 <listitem><para><userinput>bootstrap</userinput>: This target doesn't just
81 compile GCC, but compiles it several times. It uses the programs compiled in
82 a first round to compile itself a second time, and then again a third time.
83 It then compares these second and third compiles to make sure it can
84 reproduce itself flawlessly, which most probably means that it was
85 compiled correctly.</para></listitem>
88 <para>Compilation is now complete, and at this point we would normally run the
89 test suite. But, as mentioned before, the test suite framework is not in place
90 yet. And there would be little point in running the tests anyhow, since the
91 programs from this first pass will soon be replaced.</para>
93 <para>Now install the package:</para>
95 <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
97 <para>As a finishing touch we'll create a symlink. Many programs and scripts
98 run <command>cc</command> instead of <command>gcc</command>,
99 a thing meant to keep programs generic and therefore usable on all kinds of
100 Unix systems. Not everybody has the GNU C compiler installed. Simply running
101 <command>cc</command> leaves the system administrator free to decide what
102 C compiler to install, as long as there's a symlink pointing to it:</para>
104 <screen><userinput>ln -s gcc /tools/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
108 <sect2><title> </title><para> </para>
109 <para>The details on this package are found in <xref linkend="contents-gcc"/>.</para>
110 <para> </para></sect2>