1 TITLE: Naming Network Interfaces
3 AUTHOR: Richard A Downing FBCS <geek109@yahoo.co.uk>
6 This hint describes how to specify your own names for Network
7 Interface Cards instead of eth0, eth1, etc...
14 When the Linux kernel boots, it assigns names (eth0 etc..) to
15 network devices in the order that it finds them. This means that two
16 different versions of the kernel, say 2.4 and 2.6, might find the network
17 interfaces in a diffent order. When this happens you might have to
18 swap all the cables to get your connections to work the way you want.
19 The proper way to do this is to name the interfaces with the nameif
20 command (part of the net-tools).
22 TAKE CARE: All the commands given in this hint need root priviledges.
27 The nameif command can be driven from the command line, if you want to
28 do that, then read it's man page. Another way is to set up a
29 /etc/mactab file to relate the MAC addresses of the network cards to
32 Every NIC interface in the (known) universe has a unique MAC address
33 (Media Access Control address), which is usually expressed as a 12 digit
34 hexadecimal number, colon-dotted in pairs for readability.
36 You will need to find the MAC addresses of each of your network cards.
37 The easiest way to find these (if you didn't make a note of the MAC
38 label when you installed the card) is to use ifconfig, each interface
39 that is configured will report its MAC address. e.g:
42 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:97:52:9A:94
43 inet addr:192.168.1.3 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
44 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
45 RX packets:6043 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
46 TX packets:6039 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
47 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
48 RX bytes:1439604 (1.3 Mb) TX bytes:509857 (497.9 Kb)
49 Interrupt:10 Base address:0xc800
51 lo Link encap:Local Loopback
52 inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
53 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
54 RX packets:7218 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
55 TX packets:7218 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
56 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
57 RX bytes:1085452 (1.0 Mb) TX bytes:1085452 (1.0 Mb)
59 Take note of the HWaddr, this the NIC's MAC address.
61 Now you can decide what you would like the NIC to be called, and set
62 up your /etc/mactab, here's mine as an example:
65 # This file relates MAC addresses to interface names.
66 # We need this so that we can force the name we want
67 # even if the kernel finds the interfaces in the
70 # eth0 under 2.4, eth1 under 2.6
71 beannet 00:60:97:52:9A:94
73 # eth1 under 2.4, eth0 under 2.6
74 sparenet 00:A0:C9:43:8F:77
78 If you run nameif (without parameters) now you will probably get an
79 error message, since nameif must be run when the interfaces are down.
82 cannot change name of eth0 to beannet: Device or resource busy
84 so, first take the interface down, then rename it:
90 beannet Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:97:52:9A:94
91 inet addr:192.168.1.3 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
92 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
93 RX packets:6617 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
94 TX packets:6596 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
95 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
96 RX bytes:1748349 (1.6 Mb) TX bytes:598513 (584.4 Kb)
97 Interrupt:10 Base address:0xc800
99 lo Link encap:Local Loopback
100 inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
101 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
102 RX packets:9097 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
103 TX packets:9097 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
104 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
105 RX bytes:1340480 (1.2 Mb) TX bytes:1340480 (1.2 Mb)
108 LFS BOOTSCRIPT CHANGES
109 ======================
111 The following assumes normal LFS bootscripts.
113 As we've seen nameif needs to be run early in the boot cycle, before
114 the network interfaces are brought up. This means adding it to
115 /etc/rc.d/init.d/network
117 Edit the start of the file as follows:
120 # Begin $rc_base/init.d/network - Network Control Script
122 # Based on ethnet script from LFS-3.1 and earlier.
123 # Rewritten by Gerard Beekmans - gerard@linuxfromscratch.org
125 source /etc/sysconfig/rc
127 source /etc/sysconfig/network
131 if [ -e /etc/mactab ]
133 # if /etc/mactab exists then set up the named interfaces
136 for file in $(grep -il "ONBOOT=yes" $network_devices/ifconfig.*)
140 This ensures that nameif is run with /etc/mactab, if that file exists.
142 Now go to /etc/sysconfig and change the name(s) of the interface(s) wherever
143 it(they) occur(s). I made the following changes:
145 1) edit /etc/sysconfig/network to specify the renamed GATEWAY_IF.
146 2) rename /etc/network-devices/ifconfig.eth0 to ifconfig.yourname and
147 edit it so that DEVICE=yourname.
149 If you use the Beyond Linux From Scratch instructions to use DHCP,
150 then you will need to substitute your new NIC names in the scripts and
151 filenames in the appropriate places.
154 COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS
155 ========================
157 To the author please. I'm indebited to Kevin Fleming for pointing the nameif