1 TITLE: Essential pre-reading for life with LFS
2 LFS VERSION: any and all, including the next one.
3 AUTHOR: Richard A Downing FBCS<richard.downing@bcs.org.uk>
4 (Author's version number 3. Links checked 20030417)
7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 This hint is a list of good documents that you can get for free
9 on the Internet, together with some advice from me and my friends. It will
10 help you get 'educated' to a level where you can:
12 1) build LFS successfully
13 2) ask sensible questions on the LFS lists and understand the replies.
14 3) stay sane while doing all this.
16 In the LFS book, Gerard says:
18 "This book assumes that its reader has a good deal of knowledge about
19 using and installing Linux software."
21 Gerard then suggests some reading. I suggest some more here, and some
22 exercises to go with them.
24 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
25 Please help me improve this hint!
27 1) This is a 'work in progress' and I'm missing a good reference
28 on some stuff. So, if you know of, or find a good one, please write me.
30 2) Sometimes the hyperlinks go out of date - the date I last checked them
31 is stated above. If you find that a link is broken, please start by using
32 google (see below) to try and find the new home.
33 In any case, if you succeed or not, please send me an email so that I
36 3) Also I just like feedback, so it never hurts to send an email.
40 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
42 Part 1. Social stuff. (MOST important)
43 -----------------------------------------
45 Many people ask questions badly on the LFS mailing lists. Sometimes they
46 get rude replies. Read this to stay sane.
48 http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html
50 Please note that all the LFS mailing lists expect:
52 1) plain text email. No HTML.
53 2) bottom posting. Add your bit UNDERNEATH the bit you quoted.
54 3) pruned quotes. Don't quote everything, just the significant bit.
55 4) no cross-posts. Just use the right list.
56 5) thick skins. Don't respond to rudeness, just ignore it.
57 6) zazen. (Just Sitting) If others have a flame-war, just sit and watch.
59 Before asking questions on lfs lists, please search the archives:
61 http://search.linuxfromscratch.org
63 AND PLEASE READ THE FAQ. Read the latest copy, not some
64 old thing you downloaded last week.
66 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/faq/
68 If you ask a question that is in the FAQ, you are being extremely rude,
69 not least to Seth who maintains it (wonderfully). So you rightly WILL get
74 If someone tells you to RTFM, they are not, repeat NOT, being rude
75 or getting at you. This is the accepted phrase indicating that you need to
76 Read The Friendly Manual. If you have previously been told that a
77 certain Old Low Dutch word is referred to by the 'F', please be assured
78 that this is just a myth .:-)
80 Part 2. Technical stuff.
81 -------------------------
83 Many people attempt to build LFS without sufficient understanding
84 or experience with LINUX. Here is an excerpt from the tar manual:
86 "you should understand something about how Unix-type operating systems
87 work, and you should know how to use some basic utilities.
88 For example, you should know how to create, list, copy, rename,
89 edit, and delete files and directories; how to change between
90 directories; and how to figure out where you are in the filesystem.
91 You should have some basic understanding of directory structure and
92 how files are named according to which directory they are in. You
93 should understand concepts such as standard output and standard
94 input, what various definitions of the term "argument" mean, the
95 differences between relative and absolute path names"
97 In the LFS book, Gerard says:
99 "We are going to build the LFS system by using a
100 previously installed Linux distribution such as Debian, SuSE, Slackware,
101 Mandrake, RedHat, etc. We will use the existing Linux system as the
102 development platform, because we need tools like a compiler, linker,
103 text editor, and other development tools to build our system.
105 Choosing a distro is only hard because of the choice, my
106 advice is to choose a modern cheap one because once you have learned
107 a bit and then built LFS you will junk it.
108 I got mine (Mandrake-8) free with a magazine, I've also used Debian.
110 If you are confused about distros this may help:
112 http://tldp.org/HOWTO/CD-Distributions-EN-HOWTO/index.html
114 Unlike Windows, Unix requires you to understand what you are doing to get
115 anything much out of it. Both Windows and Unix require deep understanding
116 to get the best out of them. This document is very basic, but will help
117 you if you are coming from Windows, or just starting out understanding
120 http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Unix-and-Internet-Fundamentals-HOWTO/
122 The next one is also good, yes, it's dated, but still worth reading:
124 http://tldp.org/LDP/gs/
126 A recent new guide geared for the newbie is this one, I like it as it has
127 exercises, so you'll know if you've understood:
129 http://tldp.org/LDP/intro-linux/html/index.html
131 If you have read those, then you are aware that we drive Unix though a
132 shell, which provides the command line interface. The shell we use in LFS,
133 as in most of the Linux world, is bash (The Bourne Again Shell). You need
134 to be fluent in using bash, this is a good tutorial:
136 http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/index.html
138 (Yes, I know it says 'Advanced', but read it anyway, do you want to be a
141 Then there are three books that you ought to have available from or on your
142 box for easy reference, skim read them now so you know how to use them:
144 The Linux User's Guide (this is out of date and so, unfortunately,
145 http://tidp.org doesn't keep it in html but if this link fails try there).
147 http://espc22.murdoch.edu.au/~stewart/guide/guide.html
149 The Linux Systems Administrators Guide
151 http://tldp.org/LDP/sag/index.html
153 The Linux Network Administrators Guide, Second Edition
155 http://tldp.org/LDP/nag2/index.html
157 Having got yourself a LINUX system, and played a bit, you now will know a
158 little about the subject, but before moving on to the building of LFS you
159 should learn how to build packages from source code. This is an area
160 where it's hard to find good references. Gerard suggests this one in the
163 http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Software-Building-HOWTO.html
165 And this is good too, particularly if you want to write Linux software
168 http://sources.redhat.com/autobook/autobook/autobook_toc.html
170 It's very important that you have some experience installing a
171 package from source on your distro before attempting LFS.
173 One good choice would be GNU-emacs. Check out it's homepage at:
175 http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/emacs.html
177 Another, suggested by others, is mplayer. This is a good
178 challenge and a test of your developing skills. Mplayer's home website is
181 http://www.mplayerhq.hu/homepage/
183 IBM, once Big Bad Blue, is now a great supporter of OpenSource and Linux.
184 They have some free tutorials on their website:
186 http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/
188 Look for the 'Tutorials' link (currently top right) and look especially
191 Compiling and installing software from sources
192 Compiling the Linux kernel
193 Using regular expressions
195 but there are rich pickings here, even for the experienced.
199 ---------------------
201 My starting point for any query or gap in my knowledge is google, yours
202 should be too. Go to the google page, and hit the advanced search button.
203 Learn the full capabilities of this essential tool, spend at least a whole
204 day on this. Truely, you can't live without it.
206 http://www.google.com
208 There is a whole heap of documentation at the Linux Documentation Project,
209 some of which I've quoted above. Learn to go there regularly and just poke
210 about, it's a great storehouse of knowledge. Beware though a lot of it is
215 You might want to find some other software for your Linux box. Start with:
217 http://beyond.linuxfromscratch.org
219 And then another place to search is:
221 http://freshmeat.net/
223 And finally, whatever you read or don't read concerning LFS, before
224 asking questions, START by reading the FAQ. FAQ stands for 'Frequently
225 Asked Questions'. We don't want to answer them again, so don't ask them.
228 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/faq/
230 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
233 I have received encouragement and advice from the following, but the words
235 Dagmar D'Surreal, Tushar Teredesai, Ken Dyke, James Robertson, Eric Miller,
236 and lots of others on lfs-chat. Recent feedback from Jeroen Coumans
237 reminded me to check the links again.
238 But nothing would have been done at all without the LFS project
239 that Gerard Beekmans started: www.linuxfromscratch.org