1 AUTHOR: Jim Mischel <jim@mischel.com>
5 LICENSE: GNU Free Documentation License Version 1.2
7 SYNOPSIS: Getting high-resolution console modes using SVGATextMode.
10 The default console modes supplied in the Linux kernel access only a small
11 fraction of the console modes that most video hardware can handle. The
12 SVGATextMode utility gives you access to the full range of console modes
13 that your hardware can support. If you've been wanting a console with
14 50 lines of 132 characters, this is the place to look.
23 It is possible to damage your hardware (specifically, your monitor and your
24 video card) using the program described in this hint (SVGATextMode). Be very
25 careful when specifying your video card's and monitor's capabilities. Be sure
26 to read the documentation that comes with the SVGATextMode program, especially
27 the README.FIRST file, and the notes at the top of TextConfig.
29 The author of this hint, and the authors and maintainers of SVGATextMode
30 cannot be held responsible for any damage caused to your hardware.
35 The default console mode set by the Linux kernel is 25 lines of 80 characters.
36 That's fine if you're not doing much at the console, or if you use a console
37 window from X where you can make the window as big as you like. But if you're
38 doing a lot of work at the console, 80x25 just isn't big enough! 80x25 is an
39 EGA mode selected by the kernel because all common PC hardware supports it.
40 But most video cards and monitors these days are capable of much higher
41 resolutions simply by reprogramming the registers on your VGA card. What
42 would you say to 50 lines of 132 characters each?
45 II. Text mode or graphics mode?
46 -------------------------------
47 The Linux kernel itself provides two different ways to specify text modes
48 larger than 80x25. The first is the video mode selection support that is
49 documented in the svga.txt file found in the kernel source's Documentation
50 directory. With this support, you can specify any of the standard and
51 extended VGA text modes, and also (if you're fortunate) some custom modes.
52 The problem is that the kernel's automatic detection of video cards is not
55 Current Linux kernel versions also include framebuffer support, which will
56 give you a high-resolution console provided you enable framebuffer support
57 in your kernel configuration. Although it's a nice feature, using framebuffer
58 puts your video card into graphics mode, resulting in very slow scrolling. On
59 an older, slower computer, a graphics mode console is unbearable.
61 In either case, kernel support does not include a way to change text modes
67 SVGATextMode is a program that supports a wide range of video cards and chip
68 sets. You specify your video card and the capabilities of your monitor in an
69 X-like configuration file, and then run the program telling it what text mode
70 to display. SVGATextMode talks directly to the hardware, rather than to the
71 BIOS, to set the video mode. Specifying your video card and monitor
72 capabilities helps prevent SVGATextMode from trying to change into a mode that
73 will damage the video card or the monitor.
75 The configuration file also contains descriptions of many different text modes
76 that you can try. Some you probably won't be able to use due to hardware
77 limitations, and others are just plain ugly. But you should be able to find
78 several high-resolution modes that will improve on the standard 80x25 and
79 other modes supported directly by the kernel.
82 IV. Download and installation
83 ------------------------------
84 Source for the current version of SVGATextMode (version 1.10) is available at
85 ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/utils/console/SVGATEXTMODE-1.10-src.tar.gz. Download
86 that file and extract it to your build directory. It was created using an
87 older version of gcc, and might not compile as is with more current gcc
88 versions. If you're using gcc version 3.2 or later, or if you get build errors,
89 download and apply the patch SVGATextMode-1.10.patch that is included with this
92 To build the program, change to the directory that contains the extracted source.
93 If you must apply the patch, then enter this command:
95 patch -Np1 -i ../SVGATextMode-1.10.patch
97 Once the patch is applied (if necessary), you can build the SVGATextMode
98 program by entering the following commands:
103 cp TextConfig /etc/TextConfig
105 SVGATextMode is installed in the /usr/sbin directory.
110 After installation, open the /etc/TextConfig file in your favorite editor.
112 !! READ THE HINTS AND WARNINGS AT THE TOP OF THE FILE !!
114 The default setting for SVGATextMode is standard VGA, which is highly sub-
115 optimal for most modern Linux systems. You'll want to change the configuration
116 settings in this file to match your video card and monitor. Down about line
117 60 of the TextConfig file is this text:
122 You want to comment those lines out by placing '#' characters at the beginning
123 of the lines. Then, scroll down through the (long!) list of chip sets to
124 locate the one that matches your video card. Uncomment the line, and the
125 "Clocks" or "Clockchip" line for your card. For example, I un-commented
126 these two lines for my S3 Virge based video card:
131 Many of the pre-configured cards have additional settings with which you may
134 IMPORTANT: You should be absolutely sure about the kind of video card you have,
135 and specify it properly here. If you have any doubt, get out the documentation
136 for your card, or examine the card itself to see what chips are on it.
138 After you have configured the video card, you need to tell SVGATextMode your
139 monitor's allowable horizontal sync and vertical refresh timings.
141 Find these two lines in TextConfig:
146 These are defaults that will work with almost all monitors. But most monitors
147 are capable of much more than this. Uncomment these two lines and look in the
148 manual to find the allowable values for your monitor. It's possible that those
149 numbers will be printed on the back of the monitor, as well. It's very
150 important that you enter the correct numbers for your monitor here. Failure to
151 do this can cause SVGATextMode to send signals that will fry your monitor.
153 Once you've made these changes, save the file and return to your console prompt.
158 Note that not all modes modes will work with all cards. It's possible to
159 scramble your display such that you can't make head or tails of it.
160 Fortunately, the default mode is 80x25, which should work with all displays,
161 so just typing SVGATextMode (blindly, if you have to) should restore your
162 screen. If you have changed the default text mode in TextConfig, then you'll
167 in order to get things back to normal. If you have the savetextmode and
168 textmode programs, you can type savetextmode to save the current mode before
169 testing SVGATextMode. If your screen becomes scrambled, just type textmode
170 (blindly, possibly) to restore the screen.
172 It's a good idea at this time to close any programs that have unsaved data.
174 At the command prompt, enter
182 The program should show you some status information and set the video mode.
183 You won't notice any change here, because that's the normal operating mode. If
184 your screen is scrambled here, then you probably configured something wrong.
185 If you don't have textmode to restore the screen, you'll probably have to
188 Select one of the text modes from the long list of pre-configured modes that
189 are at the end of /etc/TextConfig. It's a good idea to try one of the
190 "standard" modes first. For example, most SVGA cards should support
191 a 132x50 line screen. Try
193 SVGATextMode 132x50x9
195 You may want to experiment with other modes, or with creating your own.
198 VII. Final Configuration
199 -------------------------
200 The default TextConfig file enables the "SyncDisks" option to flush the disk
201 cache before trying to reprogram the mode. This is useful when testing, but
202 once you've determined that SVGATextMode is working, you can disable this
203 option and comment out the corresponding message in TextConfig. You will also
204 want to comment out the lines (starting at about line 70) that echo a message
210 SVGATextMode comes with a few other programs, and very good documentation.
211 Be sure to scan the files in the doc directory, and the man pages for more
212 information about using this fine program.
219 * Cleaned up a couple of typos
220 * Converted to new hint format