1 MIPS Relocation Principles
3 In LLVM, there are several elements of the llvm::ISD::NodeType enum
4 that deal with addresses and/or relocations. These are defined in
5 include/llvm/Target/TargetSelectionDAG.td, namely:
6 GlobalAddress, GlobalTLSAddress, JumpTable, ConstantPool,
7 ExternalSymbol, BlockAddress
8 The MIPS backend uses several principles to handle these.
10 1. Code for lowering addresses references to machine dependent code is
11 factored into common code for generating different address forms and
12 is called by the relocation model specific lowering function, using
13 templated functions. For example:
15 // lib/Target/Mips/MipsISelLowering.cpp
16 SDValue MipsTargetLowering::
17 lowerJumpTable(SDValue Op, SelectionDAG &DAG) const
21 template <class NodeTy> // lib/Target/Mips/MipsISelLowering.h
22 SDValue getAddrLocal(NodeTy *N, const SDLoc &DL, EVT Ty,
23 SelectionDAG &DAG, bool IsN32OrN64) const
25 which calls the overloaded function:
27 // lib/Target/Mips/MipsISelLowering.h
28 SDValue getTargetNode(JumpTableSDNode *N, EVT Ty, SelectionDAG &DAG,
31 2. Generic address nodes are lowered to some combination of target
32 independent and machine specific SDNodes (for example:
33 MipsISD::{Highest, Higher, Hi, Lo}) depending upon relocation model,
34 ABI, and compilation options.
36 The choice of specific instructions that are to be used is delegated
37 to ISel which in turn relies on TableGen patterns to choose subtarget
38 specific instructions. For example, in getAddrLocal, the pseudo-code
41 (add (load (wrapper $gp, %got(sym)), %lo(sym))
43 where "%lo" represents an instance of an SDNode with opcode
44 "MipsISD::Lo", "wrapper" indicates one with opcode "MipsISD::Wrapper",
45 and "%got" the global table pointer "getGlobalReg(...)". The "add" is
46 "ISD::ADD", not a target dependent one.
48 3. A TableGen multiclass pattern "MipsHiLoRelocs" is used to define a
49 template pattern parameterized over the load upper immediate
50 instruction, add operation, the zero register, and register class.
51 Here the instantiation of MipsHiLoRelocs in MipsInstrInfo.td is used
52 to MIPS32 to compute addresses for the static relocation model.
54 // lib/Target/Mips/MipsInstrInfo.td
55 multiclass MipsHiLoRelocs<Instruction Lui, Instruction Addiu,
56 Register ZeroReg, RegisterOperand GPROpnd> {
57 def : MipsPat<(MipsHi tglobaladdr:$in), (Lui tglobaladdr:$in)>;
59 def : MipsPat<(MipsLo tglobaladdr:$in), (Addiu ZeroReg, tglobaladdr:$in)>;
61 def : MipsPat<(add GPROpnd:$hi, (MipsLo tglobaladdr:$lo)),
62 (Addiu GPROpnd:$hi, tglobaladdr:$lo)>;
65 defm : MipsHiLoRelocs<LUi, ADDiu, ZERO, GPR32Opnd>;
67 // lib/Target/Mips/Mips64InstrInfo.td
68 defm : MipsHiLoRelocs<LUi64, DADDiu, ZERO_64, GPR64Opnd>, SYM_32;
70 The instantiation in Mips64InstrInfo.td is used for MIPS64 in ILP32
71 mode, as guarded by the predicate "SYM_32" and also for a submode of
72 LP64 where symbols are assumed to be 32 bits wide.
74 More details on how multiclasses in TableGen work can be found in the
75 section "Multiclass definitions and instances" in the document
76 "TableGen Language Introduction"
78 4. Instruction definitions are multiply defined to cover the different
79 register classes. In some cases, such as LW/LW64, this also accounts
80 for the difference in the results of instruction execution. On MIPS32,
81 "lw" loads a 32 bit value from memory. On MIPS64, "lw" loads a 32 bit
82 value from memory and sign extends the value to 64 bits.
84 // lib/Target/Mips/MipsInstrInfo.td
85 def LUi : MMRel, LoadUpper<"lui", GPR32Opnd, uimm16_relaxed>, LUI_FM;
86 // lib/Target/Mips/Mips64InstrInfo.td
87 def LUi64 : LoadUpper<"lui", GPR64Opnd, uimm16_64_relaxed>, LUI_FM;
89 defines two names "LUi" and "LUi64" with two different register
90 classes, but with the same encoding---"LUI_FM". These instructions load a
91 16-bit immediate into bits 31-16 and clear the lower 15 bits. On MIPS64,
92 the result is sign-extended to 64 bits.