lib/Demangle/MicrosoftDemangleNodes.cpp

   1 //===- MicrosoftDemangle.cpp ----------------------------------------------===//
   2 //
   3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
   4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
   5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
   6 //
   7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
   8 //
   9 // This file defines a demangler for MSVC-style mangled symbols.
  10 //
  11 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
  12
  13 #include "llvm/Demangle/MicrosoftDemangleNodes.h"
  14 #include "llvm/Demangle/DemangleConfig.h"
  15 #include "llvm/Demangle/Utility.h"
  16 #include <cctype>
  17 #include <string>
  18
  19 using namespace llvm;
  20 using namespace ms_demangle;
  21
  22 #define OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(Enum, Value, Desc)                             \
  23   case Enum::Value:                                                            \
  24     OS << Desc;                                                                \
  25     break;
  26
  27 // Writes a space if the last token does not end with a punctuation.
  28 static void outputSpaceIfNecessary(OutputStream &OS) {
  29   if (OS.empty())
  30     return;
  31
  32   char C = OS.back();
  33   if (std::isalnum(C) || C == '>')
  34     OS << " ";
  35 }
  36
  37 static void outputSingleQualifier(OutputStream &OS, Qualifiers Q) {
  38   switch (Q) {
  39   case Q_Const:
  40     OS << "const";
  41     break;
  42   case Q_Volatile:
  43     OS << "volatile";
  44     break;
  45   case Q_Restrict:
  46     OS << "__restrict";
  47     break;
  48   default:
  49     break;
  50   }
  51 }
  52
  53 static bool outputQualifierIfPresent(OutputStream &OS, Qualifiers Q,
  54                                      Qualifiers Mask, bool NeedSpace) {
  55   if (!(Q & Mask))
  56     return NeedSpace;
  57
  58   if (NeedSpace)
  59     OS << " ";
  60
  61   outputSingleQualifier(OS, Mask);
  62   return true;
  63 }
  64
  65 static void outputQualifiers(OutputStream &OS, Qualifiers Q, bool SpaceBefore,
  66                              bool SpaceAfter) {
  67   if (Q == Q_None)
  68     return;
  69
  70   size_t Pos1 = OS.getCurrentPosition();
  71   SpaceBefore = outputQualifierIfPresent(OS, Q, Q_Const, SpaceBefore);
  72   SpaceBefore = outputQualifierIfPresent(OS, Q, Q_Volatile, SpaceBefore);
  73   SpaceBefore = outputQualifierIfPresent(OS, Q, Q_Restrict, SpaceBefore);
  74   size_t Pos2 = OS.getCurrentPosition();
  75   if (SpaceAfter && Pos2 > Pos1)
  76     OS << " ";
  77 }
  78
  79 static void outputCallingConvention(OutputStream &OS, CallingConv CC) {
  80   outputSpaceIfNecessary(OS);
  81
  82   switch (CC) {
  83   case CallingConv::Cdecl:
  84     OS << "__cdecl";
  85     break;
  86   case CallingConv::Fastcall:
  87     OS << "__fastcall";
  88     break;
  89   case CallingConv::Pascal:
  90     OS << "__pascal";
  91     break;
  92   case CallingConv::Regcall:
  93     OS << "__regcall";
  94     break;
  95   case CallingConv::Stdcall:
  96     OS << "__stdcall";
  97     break;
  98   case CallingConv::Thiscall:
  99     OS << "__thiscall";
 100     break;
 101   case CallingConv::Eabi:
 102     OS << "__eabi";
 103     break;
 104   case CallingConv::Vectorcall:
 105     OS << "__vectorcall";
 106     break;
 107   case CallingConv::Clrcall:
 108     OS << "__clrcall";
 109     break;
 110   default:
 111     break;
 112   }
 113 }
 114
 115 std::string Node::toString(OutputFlags Flags) const {
 116   OutputStream OS;
 117   initializeOutputStream(nullptr, nullptr, OS, 1024);
 118   this->output(OS, Flags);
 119   OS << '\0';
 120   return {OS.getBuffer()};
 121 }
 122
 123 void TypeNode::outputQuals(bool SpaceBefore, bool SpaceAfter) const {}
 124
 125 void PrimitiveTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 126   switch (PrimKind) {
 127     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Void, "void");
 128     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Bool, "bool");
 129     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Char, "char");
 130     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Schar, "signed char");
 131     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Uchar, "unsigned char");
 132     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Char8, "char8_t");
 133     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Char16, "char16_t");
 134     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Char32, "char32_t");
 135     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Short, "short");
 136     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Ushort, "unsigned short");
 137     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Int, "int");
 138     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Uint, "unsigned int");
 139     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Long, "long");
 140     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Ulong, "unsigned long");
 141     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Int64, "__int64");
 142     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Uint64, "unsigned __int64");
 143     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Wchar, "wchar_t");
 144     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Float, "float");
 145     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Double, "double");
 146     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Ldouble, "long double");
 147     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(PrimitiveKind, Nullptr, "std::nullptr_t");
 148   }
 149   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, true, false);
 150 }
 151
 152 void NodeArrayNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 153   output(OS, Flags, ", ");
 154 }
 155
 156 void NodeArrayNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags,
 157                            StringView Separator) const {
 158   if (Count == 0)
 159     return;
 160   if (Nodes[0])
 161     Nodes[0]->output(OS, Flags);
 162   for (size_t I = 1; I < Count; ++I) {
 163     OS << Separator;
 164     Nodes[I]->output(OS, Flags);
 165   }
 166 }
 167
 168 void EncodedStringLiteralNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 169                                       OutputFlags Flags) const {
 170   switch (Char) {
 171   case CharKind::Wchar:
 172     OS << "L\"";
 173     break;
 174   case CharKind::Char:
 175     OS << "\"";
 176     break;
 177   case CharKind::Char16:
 178     OS << "u\"";
 179     break;
 180   case CharKind::Char32:
 181     OS << "U\"";
 182     break;
 183   }
 184   OS << DecodedString << "\"";
 185   if (IsTruncated)
 186     OS << "...";
 187 }
 188
 189 void IntegerLiteralNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 190   if (IsNegative)
 191     OS << '-';
 192   OS << Value;
 193 }
 194
 195 void TemplateParameterReferenceNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 196                                             OutputFlags Flags) const {
 197   if (ThunkOffsetCount > 0)
 198     OS << "{";
 199   else if (Affinity == PointerAffinity::Pointer)
 200     OS << "&";
 201
 202   if (Symbol) {
 203     Symbol->output(OS, Flags);
 204     if (ThunkOffsetCount > 0)
 205       OS << ", ";
 206   }
 207
 208   if (ThunkOffsetCount > 0)
 209     OS << ThunkOffsets[0];
 210   for (int I = 1; I < ThunkOffsetCount; ++I) {
 211     OS << ", " << ThunkOffsets[I];
 212   }
 213   if (ThunkOffsetCount > 0)
 214     OS << "}";
 215 }
 216
 217 void IdentifierNode::outputTemplateParameters(OutputStream &OS,
 218                                               OutputFlags Flags) const {
 219   if (!TemplateParams)
 220     return;
 221   OS << "<";
 222   TemplateParams->output(OS, Flags);
 223   OS << ">";
 224 }
 225
 226 void DynamicStructorIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 227                                            OutputFlags Flags) const {
 228   if (IsDestructor)
 229     OS << "`dynamic atexit destructor for ";
 230   else
 231     OS << "`dynamic initializer for ";
 232
 233   if (Variable) {
 234     OS << "`";
 235     Variable->output(OS, Flags);
 236     OS << "''";
 237   } else {
 238     OS << "'";
 239     Name->output(OS, Flags);
 240     OS << "''";
 241   }
 242 }
 243
 244 void NamedIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 245   OS << Name;
 246   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
 247 }
 248
 249 void IntrinsicFunctionIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 250                                              OutputFlags Flags) const {
 251   switch (Operator) {
 252     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, New, "operator new");
 253     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Delete, "operator delete");
 254     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Assign, "operator=");
 255     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, RightShift, "operator>>");
 256     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LeftShift, "operator<<");
 257     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LogicalNot, "operator!");
 258     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Equals, "operator==");
 259     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, NotEquals, "operator!=");
 260     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ArraySubscript,
 261                             "operator[]");
 262     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Pointer, "operator->");
 263     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Increment, "operator++");
 264     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Decrement, "operator--");
 265     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Minus, "operator-");
 266     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Plus, "operator+");
 267     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Dereference, "operator*");
 268     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseAnd, "operator&");
 269     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, MemberPointer,
 270                             "operator->*");
 271     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Divide, "operator/");
 272     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Modulus, "operator%");
 273     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LessThan, "operator<");
 274     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LessThanEqual, "operator<=");
 275     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, GreaterThan, "operator>");
 276     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, GreaterThanEqual,
 277                             "operator>=");
 278     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Comma, "operator,");
 279     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Parens, "operator()");
 280     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseNot, "operator~");
 281     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseXor, "operator^");
 282     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseOr, "operator|");
 283     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LogicalAnd, "operator&&");
 284     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LogicalOr, "operator||");
 285     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, TimesEqual, "operator*=");
 286     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, PlusEqual, "operator+=");
 287     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, MinusEqual, "operator-=");
 288     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, DivEqual, "operator/=");
 289     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ModEqual, "operator%=");
 290     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, RshEqual, "operator>>=");
 291     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LshEqual, "operator<<=");
 292     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseAndEqual,
 293                             "operator&=");
 294     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseOrEqual,
 295                             "operator|=");
 296     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, BitwiseXorEqual,
 297                             "operator^=");
 298     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VbaseDtor, "`vbase dtor'");
 299     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VecDelDtor,
 300                             "`vector deleting dtor'");
 301     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, DefaultCtorClosure,
 302                             "`default ctor closure'");
 303     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ScalarDelDtor,
 304                             "`scalar deleting dtor'");
 305     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VecCtorIter,
 306                             "`vector ctor iterator'");
 307     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VecDtorIter,
 308                             "`vector dtor iterator'");
 309     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VecVbaseCtorIter,
 310                             "`vector vbase ctor iterator'");
 311     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VdispMap,
 312                             "`virtual displacement map'");
 313     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVecCtorIter,
 314                             "`eh vector ctor iterator'");
 315     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVecDtorIter,
 316                             "`eh vector dtor iterator'");
 317     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVecVbaseCtorIter,
 318                             "`eh vector vbase ctor iterator'");
 319     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, CopyCtorClosure,
 320                             "`copy ctor closure'");
 321     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, LocalVftableCtorClosure,
 322                             "`local vftable ctor closure'");
 323     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ArrayNew, "operator new[]");
 324     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ArrayDelete,
 325                             "operator delete[]");
 326     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ManVectorCtorIter,
 327                             "`managed vector ctor iterator'");
 328     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ManVectorDtorIter,
 329                             "`managed vector dtor iterator'");
 330     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVectorCopyCtorIter,
 331                             "`EH vector copy ctor iterator'");
 332     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, EHVectorVbaseCopyCtorIter,
 333                             "`EH vector vbase copy ctor iterator'");
 334     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VectorCopyCtorIter,
 335                             "`vector copy ctor iterator'");
 336     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, VectorVbaseCopyCtorIter,
 337                             "`vector vbase copy constructor iterator'");
 338     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, ManVectorVbaseCopyCtorIter,
 339                             "`managed vector vbase copy constructor iterator'");
 340     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, CoAwait,
 341                             "operator co_await");
 342     OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(IntrinsicFunctionKind, Spaceship, "operator<=>");
 343   case IntrinsicFunctionKind::MaxIntrinsic:
 344   case IntrinsicFunctionKind::None:
 345     break;
 346   }
 347   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
 348 }
 349
 350 void LocalStaticGuardIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 351                                             OutputFlags Flags) const {
 352   if (IsThread)
 353     OS << "`local static thread guard'";
 354   else
 355     OS << "`local static guard'";
 356   if (ScopeIndex > 0)
 357     OS << "{" << ScopeIndex << "}";
 358 }
 359
 360 void ConversionOperatorIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 361                                               OutputFlags Flags) const {
 362   OS << "operator";
 363   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
 364   OS << " ";
 365   TargetType->output(OS, Flags);
 366 }
 367
 368 void StructorIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 369   if (IsDestructor)
 370     OS << "~";
 371   Class->output(OS, Flags);
 372   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
 373 }
 374
 375 void LiteralOperatorIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 376                                            OutputFlags Flags) const {
 377   OS << "operator \"\"" << Name;
 378   outputTemplateParameters(OS, Flags);
 379 }
 380
 381 void FunctionSignatureNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS,
 382                                       OutputFlags Flags) const {
 383   if (FunctionClass & FC_Public)
 384     OS << "public: ";
 385   if (FunctionClass & FC_Protected)
 386     OS << "protected: ";
 387   if (FunctionClass & FC_Private)
 388     OS << "private: ";
 389
 390   if (!(FunctionClass & FC_Global)) {
 391     if (FunctionClass & FC_Static)
 392       OS << "static ";
 393   }
 394   if (FunctionClass & FC_Virtual)
 395     OS << "virtual ";
 396
 397   if (FunctionClass & FC_ExternC)
 398     OS << "extern \"C\" ";
 399
 400   if (ReturnType) {
 401     ReturnType->outputPre(OS, Flags);
 402     OS << " ";
 403   }
 404
 405   if (!(Flags & OF_NoCallingConvention))
 406     outputCallingConvention(OS, CallConvention);
 407 }
 408
 409 void FunctionSignatureNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS,
 410                                        OutputFlags Flags) const {
 411   if (!(FunctionClass & FC_NoParameterList)) {
 412     OS << "(";
 413     if (Params)
 414       Params->output(OS, Flags);
 415     else
 416       OS << "void";
 417
 418     if (IsVariadic) {
 419       if (OS.back() != '(')
 420         OS << ", ";
 421       OS << "...";
 422     }
 423     OS << ")";
 424   }
 425
 426   if (Quals & Q_Const)
 427     OS << " const";
 428   if (Quals & Q_Volatile)
 429     OS << " volatile";
 430   if (Quals & Q_Restrict)
 431     OS << " __restrict";
 432   if (Quals & Q_Unaligned)
 433     OS << " __unaligned";
 434
 435   if (IsNoexcept)
 436     OS << " noexcept";
 437
 438   if (RefQualifier == FunctionRefQualifier::Reference)
 439     OS << " &";
 440   else if (RefQualifier == FunctionRefQualifier::RValueReference)
 441     OS << " &&";
 442
 443   if (ReturnType)
 444     ReturnType->outputPost(OS, Flags);
 445 }
 446
 447 void ThunkSignatureNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 448   OS << "[thunk]: ";
 449
 450   FunctionSignatureNode::outputPre(OS, Flags);
 451 }
 452
 453 void ThunkSignatureNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 454   if (FunctionClass & FC_StaticThisAdjust) {
 455     OS << "`adjustor{" << ThisAdjust.StaticOffset << "}'";
 456   } else if (FunctionClass & FC_VirtualThisAdjust) {
 457     if (FunctionClass & FC_VirtualThisAdjustEx) {
 458       OS << "`vtordispex{" << ThisAdjust.VBPtrOffset << ", "
 459          << ThisAdjust.VBOffsetOffset << ", " << ThisAdjust.VtordispOffset
 460          << ", " << ThisAdjust.StaticOffset << "}'";
 461     } else {
 462       OS << "`vtordisp{" << ThisAdjust.VtordispOffset << ", "
 463          << ThisAdjust.StaticOffset << "}'";
 464     }
 465   }
 466
 467   FunctionSignatureNode::outputPost(OS, Flags);
 468 }
 469
 470 void PointerTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 471   if (Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::FunctionSignature) {
 472     // If this is a pointer to a function, don't output the calling convention.
 473     // It needs to go inside the parentheses.
 474     const FunctionSignatureNode *Sig =
 475         static_cast<const FunctionSignatureNode *>(Pointee);
 476     Sig->outputPre(OS, OF_NoCallingConvention);
 477   } else
 478     Pointee->outputPre(OS, Flags);
 479
 480   outputSpaceIfNecessary(OS);
 481
 482   if (Quals & Q_Unaligned)
 483     OS << "__unaligned ";
 484
 485   if (Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::ArrayType) {
 486     OS << "(";
 487   } else if (Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::FunctionSignature) {
 488     OS << "(";
 489     const FunctionSignatureNode *Sig =
 490         static_cast<const FunctionSignatureNode *>(Pointee);
 491     outputCallingConvention(OS, Sig->CallConvention);
 492     OS << " ";
 493   }
 494
 495   if (ClassParent) {
 496     ClassParent->output(OS, Flags);
 497     OS << "::";
 498   }
 499
 500   switch (Affinity) {
 501   case PointerAffinity::Pointer:
 502     OS << "*";
 503     break;
 504   case PointerAffinity::Reference:
 505     OS << "&";
 506     break;
 507   case PointerAffinity::RValueReference:
 508     OS << "&&";
 509     break;
 510   default:
 511     assert(false);
 512   }
 513   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, false, false);
 514 }
 515
 516 void PointerTypeNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 517   if (Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::ArrayType ||
 518       Pointee->kind() == NodeKind::FunctionSignature)
 519     OS << ")";
 520
 521   Pointee->outputPost(OS, Flags);
 522 }
 523
 524 void TagTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 525   if (!(Flags & OF_NoTagSpecifier)) {
 526     switch (Tag) {
 527       OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(TagKind, Class, "class");
 528       OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(TagKind, Struct, "struct");
 529       OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(TagKind, Union, "union");
 530       OUTPUT_ENUM_CLASS_VALUE(TagKind, Enum, "enum");
 531     }
 532     OS << " ";
 533   }
 534   QualifiedName->output(OS, Flags);
 535   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, true, false);
 536 }
 537
 538 void TagTypeNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {}
 539
 540 void ArrayTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 541   ElementType->outputPre(OS, Flags);
 542   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, true, false);
 543 }
 544
 545 void ArrayTypeNode::outputOneDimension(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags,
 546                                        Node *N) const {
 547   assert(N->kind() == NodeKind::IntegerLiteral);
 548   IntegerLiteralNode *ILN = static_cast<IntegerLiteralNode *>(N);
 549   if (ILN->Value != 0)
 550     ILN->output(OS, Flags);
 551 }
 552
 553 void ArrayTypeNode::outputDimensionsImpl(OutputStream &OS,
 554                                          OutputFlags Flags) const {
 555   if (Dimensions->Count == 0)
 556     return;
 557
 558   outputOneDimension(OS, Flags, Dimensions->Nodes[0]);
 559   for (size_t I = 1; I < Dimensions->Count; ++I) {
 560     OS << "][";
 561     outputOneDimension(OS, Flags, Dimensions->Nodes[I]);
 562   }
 563 }
 564
 565 void ArrayTypeNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 566   OS << "[";
 567   outputDimensionsImpl(OS, Flags);
 568   OS << "]";
 569
 570   ElementType->outputPost(OS, Flags);
 571 }
 572
 573 void SymbolNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 574   Name->output(OS, Flags);
 575 }
 576
 577 void FunctionSymbolNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 578   Signature->outputPre(OS, Flags);
 579   outputSpaceIfNecessary(OS);
 580   Name->output(OS, Flags);
 581   Signature->outputPost(OS, Flags);
 582 }
 583
 584 void VariableSymbolNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 585   switch (SC) {
 586   case StorageClass::PrivateStatic:
 587     OS << "private: static ";
 588     break;
 589   case StorageClass::PublicStatic:
 590     OS << "public: static ";
 591     break;
 592   case StorageClass::ProtectedStatic:
 593     OS << "protected: static ";
 594     break;
 595   default:
 596     break;
 597   }
 598
 599   if (Type) {
 600     Type->outputPre(OS, Flags);
 601     outputSpaceIfNecessary(OS);
 602   }
 603   Name->output(OS, Flags);
 604   if (Type)
 605     Type->outputPost(OS, Flags);
 606 }
 607
 608 void CustomTypeNode::outputPre(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 609   Identifier->output(OS, Flags);
 610 }
 611 void CustomTypeNode::outputPost(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {}
 612
 613 void QualifiedNameNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 614   Components->output(OS, Flags, "::");
 615 }
 616
 617 void RttiBaseClassDescriptorNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 618                                          OutputFlags Flags) const {
 619   OS << "`RTTI Base Class Descriptor at (";
 620   OS << NVOffset << ", " << VBPtrOffset << ", " << VBTableOffset << ", "
 621      << this->Flags;
 622   OS << ")'";
 623 }
 624
 625 void LocalStaticGuardVariableNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 626                                           OutputFlags Flags) const {
 627   Name->output(OS, Flags);
 628 }
 629
 630 void VcallThunkIdentifierNode::output(OutputStream &OS,
 631                                       OutputFlags Flags) const {
 632   OS << "`vcall'{" << OffsetInVTable << ", {flat}}";
 633 }
 634
 635 void SpecialTableSymbolNode::output(OutputStream &OS, OutputFlags Flags) const {
 636   outputQualifiers(OS, Quals, false, true);
 637   Name->output(OS, Flags);
 638   if (TargetName) {
 639     OS << "{for `";
 640     TargetName->output(OS, Flags);
 641     OS << "'}";
 642   }
 643   return;
 644 }