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2 Getting Started with the LLVM System using Microsoft Visual Studio
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11 Welcome to LLVM on Windows! This document only covers LLVM on Windows using
12 Visual Studio, not mingw or cygwin. In order to get started, you first need to
13 know some basic information.
15 There are many different projects that compose LLVM. The first piece is the
16 LLVM suite. This contains all of the tools, libraries, and header files needed
17 to use LLVM. It contains an assembler, disassembler, bitcode analyzer and
18 bitcode optimizer. It also contains basic regression tests that can be used to
19 test the LLVM tools and the Clang front end.
21 The second piece is the `Clang <http://clang.llvm.org/>`_ front end. This
22 component compiles C, C++, Objective C, and Objective C++ code into LLVM
23 bitcode. Clang typically uses LLVM libraries to optimize the bitcode and emit
24 machine code. LLVM fully supports the COFF object file format, which is
25 compatible with all other existing Windows toolchains.
27 The last major part of LLVM, the execution Test Suite, does not run on Windows,
28 and this document does not discuss it.
30 Additional information about the LLVM directory structure and tool chain
31 can be found on the main :doc:`GettingStarted` page.
36 Before you begin to use the LLVM system, review the requirements given
37 below. This may save you some trouble by knowing ahead of time what hardware
38 and software you will need.
42 Any system that can adequately run Visual Studio 2015 is fine. The LLVM
43 source tree and object files, libraries and executables will consume
48 You will need Visual Studio 2015 or higher, with the latest Update installed.
50 You will also need the `CMake <http://www.cmake.org/>`_ build system since it
51 generates the project files you will use to build with.
53 If you would like to run the LLVM tests you will need `Python
54 <http://www.python.org/>`_. Version 2.7 and newer are known to work. You will
55 need `GnuWin32 <http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/>`_ tools, too.
57 Do not install the LLVM directory tree into a path containing spaces (e.g.
58 ``C:\Documents and Settings\...``) as the configure step will fail.
63 Here's the short story for getting up and running quickly with LLVM:
65 1. Read the documentation.
66 2. Seriously, read the documentation.
67 3. Remember that you were warned twice about reading the documentation.
68 4. Get the Source Code
70 * With the distributed files:
72 1. ``cd <where-you-want-llvm-to-live>``
73 2. ``gunzip --stdout llvm-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -``
77 * With anonymous Subversion access:
79 1. ``cd <where-you-want-llvm-to-live>``
80 2. ``svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm``
83 5. Use `CMake <http://www.cmake.org/>`_ to generate up-to-date project files:
85 * Once CMake is installed then the simplest way is to just start the
86 CMake GUI, select the directory where you have LLVM extracted to, and
87 the default options should all be fine. One option you may really
88 want to change, regardless of anything else, might be the
89 ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` setting to select a directory to INSTALL to
90 once compiling is complete, although installation is not mandatory for
91 using LLVM. Another important option is ``LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD``,
92 which controls the LLVM target architectures that are included on the
94 * If CMake complains that it cannot find the compiler, make sure that
95 you have the Visual Studio C++ Tools installed, not just Visual Studio
96 itself (trying to create a C++ project in Visual Studio will generally
97 download the C++ tools if they haven't already been).
98 * See the :doc:`LLVM CMake guide <CMake>` for detailed information about
99 how to configure the LLVM build.
100 * CMake generates project files for all build types. To select a specific
101 build type, use the Configuration manager from the VS IDE or the
102 ``/property:Configuration`` command line option when using MSBuild.
103 * By default, the Visual Studio project files generated by CMake use the
104 32-bit toolset. If you are developing on a 64-bit version of Windows and
105 want to use the 64-bit toolset, pass the ``-Thost=x64`` flag when
106 generating the Visual Studio solution. This requires CMake 3.8.0 or later.
108 6. Start Visual Studio
110 * In the directory you created the project files will have an ``llvm.sln``
111 file, just double-click on that to open Visual Studio.
113 7. Build the LLVM Suite:
115 * The projects may still be built individually, but to build them all do
116 not just select all of them in batch build (as some are meant as
117 configuration projects), but rather select and build just the
118 ``ALL_BUILD`` project to build everything, or the ``INSTALL`` project,
119 which first builds the ``ALL_BUILD`` project, then installs the LLVM
120 headers, libs, and other useful things to the directory set by the
121 ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` setting when you first configured CMake.
122 * The Fibonacci project is a sample program that uses the JIT. Modify the
123 project's debugging properties to provide a numeric command line argument
124 or run it from the command line. The program will print the
125 corresponding fibonacci value.
127 8. Test LLVM in Visual Studio:
129 * If ``%PATH%`` does not contain GnuWin32, you may specify
130 ``LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR`` on CMake for the path to GnuWin32.
131 * You can run LLVM tests by merely building the project "check". The test
132 results will be shown in the VS output window.
134 9. Test LLVM on the command line:
136 * The LLVM tests can be run by changing directory to the llvm source
137 directory and running:
141 C:\..\llvm> python ..\build\bin\llvm-lit --param build_config=Win32 --param build_mode=Debug --param llvm_site_config=../build/test/lit.site.cfg test
143 This example assumes that Python is in your PATH variable, you
144 have built a Win32 Debug version of llvm with a standard out of
145 line build. You should not see any unexpected failures, but will
146 see many unsupported tests and expected failures.
148 A specific test or test directory can be run with:
152 C:\..\llvm> python ..\build\bin\llvm-lit --param build_config=Win32 --param build_mode=Debug --param llvm_site_config=../build/test/lit.site.cfg test/path/to/test
155 An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain
156 ====================================
158 1. First, create a simple C file, name it '``hello.c``':
164 printf("hello world\n");
168 2. Next, compile the C file into an LLVM bitcode file:
172 C:\..> clang -c hello.c -emit-llvm -o hello.bc
174 This will create the result file ``hello.bc`` which is the LLVM bitcode
175 that corresponds the compiled program and the library facilities that
176 it required. You can execute this file directly using ``lli`` tool,
177 compile it to native assembly with the ``llc``, optimize or analyze it
178 further with the ``opt`` tool, etc.
180 Alternatively you can directly output an executable with clang with:
184 C:\..> clang hello.c -o hello.exe
186 The ``-o hello.exe`` is required because clang currently outputs ``a.out``
187 when neither ``-o`` nor ``-c`` are given.
189 3. Run the program using the just-in-time compiler:
195 4. Use the ``llvm-dis`` utility to take a look at the LLVM assembly code:
199 C:\..> llvm-dis < hello.bc | more
201 5. Compile the program to object code using the LLC code generator:
205 C:\..> llc -filetype=obj hello.bc
207 6. Link to binary using Microsoft link:
211 C:\..> link hello.obj -defaultlib:libcmt
213 7. Execute the native code program:
222 If you are having problems building or using LLVM, or if you have any other
223 general questions about LLVM, please consult the :doc:`Frequently Asked Questions
229 This document is just an **introduction** to how to use LLVM to do some simple
230 things... there are many more interesting and complicated things that you can
231 do that aren't documented here (but we'll gladly accept a patch if you want to
232 write something up!). For more information about LLVM, check out:
234 * `LLVM homepage <http://llvm.org/>`_
235 * `LLVM doxygen tree <http://llvm.org/doxygen/>`_