1 //===-ThinLTOCodeGenerator.cpp - LLVM Link Time Optimizer -----------------===//
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 // This file implements the Thin Link Time Optimization library. This library is
10 // intended to be used by linker to optimize code at link time.
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 #include "llvm/LTO/legacy/ThinLTOCodeGenerator.h"
16 #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
17 #include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
18 #include "llvm/Analysis/ModuleSummaryAnalysis.h"
19 #include "llvm/Analysis/ProfileSummaryInfo.h"
20 #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetLibraryInfo.h"
21 #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetTransformInfo.h"
22 #include "llvm/Bitcode/BitcodeReader.h"
23 #include "llvm/Bitcode/BitcodeWriter.h"
24 #include "llvm/Bitcode/BitcodeWriterPass.h"
25 #include "llvm/Config/llvm-config.h"
26 #include "llvm/IR/DebugInfo.h"
27 #include "llvm/IR/DiagnosticPrinter.h"
28 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
29 #include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
30 #include "llvm/IR/Mangler.h"
31 #include "llvm/IR/PassTimingInfo.h"
32 #include "llvm/IR/RemarkStreamer.h"
33 #include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
34 #include "llvm/IRReader/IRReader.h"
35 #include "llvm/LTO/LTO.h"
36 #include "llvm/LTO/SummaryBasedOptimizations.h"
37 #include "llvm/MC/SubtargetFeature.h"
38 #include "llvm/Object/IRObjectFile.h"
39 #include "llvm/Support/CachePruning.h"
40 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
41 #include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
42 #include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
43 #include "llvm/Support/SHA1.h"
44 #include "llvm/Support/SmallVectorMemoryBuffer.h"
45 #include "llvm/Support/TargetRegistry.h"
46 #include "llvm/Support/ThreadPool.h"
47 #include "llvm/Support/Threading.h"
48 #include "llvm/Support/ToolOutputFile.h"
49 #include "llvm/Support/VCSRevision.h"
50 #include "llvm/Target/TargetMachine.h"
51 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO.h"
52 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO/FunctionImport.h"
53 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO/Internalize.h"
54 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO/PassManagerBuilder.h"
55 #include "llvm/Transforms/ObjCARC.h"
56 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/FunctionImportUtils.h"
60 #if !defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
68 #define DEBUG_TYPE "thinlto"
71 // Flags -discard-value-names, defined in LTOCodeGenerator.cpp
72 extern cl::opt
<bool> LTODiscardValueNames
;
73 extern cl::opt
<std::string
> RemarksFilename
;
74 extern cl::opt
<std::string
> RemarksPasses
;
75 extern cl::opt
<bool> RemarksWithHotness
;
76 extern cl::opt
<std::string
> RemarksFormat
;
82 ThreadCount("threads", cl::init(llvm::heavyweight_hardware_concurrency()));
84 // Simple helper to save temporary files for debug.
85 static void saveTempBitcode(const Module
&TheModule
, StringRef TempDir
,
86 unsigned count
, StringRef Suffix
) {
89 // User asked to save temps, let dump the bitcode file after import.
90 std::string SaveTempPath
= (TempDir
+ llvm::Twine(count
) + Suffix
).str();
92 raw_fd_ostream
OS(SaveTempPath
, EC
, sys::fs::OF_None
);
94 report_fatal_error(Twine("Failed to open ") + SaveTempPath
+
95 " to save optimized bitcode\n");
96 WriteBitcodeToFile(TheModule
, OS
, /* ShouldPreserveUseListOrder */ true);
99 static const GlobalValueSummary
*
100 getFirstDefinitionForLinker(const GlobalValueSummaryList
&GVSummaryList
) {
101 // If there is any strong definition anywhere, get it.
102 auto StrongDefForLinker
= llvm::find_if(
103 GVSummaryList
, [](const std::unique_ptr
<GlobalValueSummary
> &Summary
) {
104 auto Linkage
= Summary
->linkage();
105 return !GlobalValue::isAvailableExternallyLinkage(Linkage
) &&
106 !GlobalValue::isWeakForLinker(Linkage
);
108 if (StrongDefForLinker
!= GVSummaryList
.end())
109 return StrongDefForLinker
->get();
110 // Get the first *linker visible* definition for this global in the summary
112 auto FirstDefForLinker
= llvm::find_if(
113 GVSummaryList
, [](const std::unique_ptr
<GlobalValueSummary
> &Summary
) {
114 auto Linkage
= Summary
->linkage();
115 return !GlobalValue::isAvailableExternallyLinkage(Linkage
);
117 // Extern templates can be emitted as available_externally.
118 if (FirstDefForLinker
== GVSummaryList
.end())
120 return FirstDefForLinker
->get();
123 // Populate map of GUID to the prevailing copy for any multiply defined
124 // symbols. Currently assume first copy is prevailing, or any strong
125 // definition. Can be refined with Linker information in the future.
126 static void computePrevailingCopies(
127 const ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
128 DenseMap
<GlobalValue::GUID
, const GlobalValueSummary
*> &PrevailingCopy
) {
129 auto HasMultipleCopies
= [&](const GlobalValueSummaryList
&GVSummaryList
) {
130 return GVSummaryList
.size() > 1;
133 for (auto &I
: Index
) {
134 if (HasMultipleCopies(I
.second
.SummaryList
))
135 PrevailingCopy
[I
.first
] =
136 getFirstDefinitionForLinker(I
.second
.SummaryList
);
140 static StringMap
<lto::InputFile
*>
141 generateModuleMap(std::vector
<std::unique_ptr
<lto::InputFile
>> &Modules
) {
142 StringMap
<lto::InputFile
*> ModuleMap
;
143 for (auto &M
: Modules
) {
144 assert(ModuleMap
.find(M
->getName()) == ModuleMap
.end() &&
145 "Expect unique Buffer Identifier");
146 ModuleMap
[M
->getName()] = M
.get();
151 static void promoteModule(Module
&TheModule
, const ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
) {
152 if (renameModuleForThinLTO(TheModule
, Index
))
153 report_fatal_error("renameModuleForThinLTO failed");
157 class ThinLTODiagnosticInfo
: public DiagnosticInfo
{
160 ThinLTODiagnosticInfo(const Twine
&DiagMsg
,
161 DiagnosticSeverity Severity
= DS_Error
)
162 : DiagnosticInfo(DK_Linker
, Severity
), Msg(DiagMsg
) {}
163 void print(DiagnosticPrinter
&DP
) const override
{ DP
<< Msg
; }
167 /// Verify the module and strip broken debug info.
168 static void verifyLoadedModule(Module
&TheModule
) {
169 bool BrokenDebugInfo
= false;
170 if (verifyModule(TheModule
, &dbgs(), &BrokenDebugInfo
))
171 report_fatal_error("Broken module found, compilation aborted!");
172 if (BrokenDebugInfo
) {
173 TheModule
.getContext().diagnose(ThinLTODiagnosticInfo(
174 "Invalid debug info found, debug info will be stripped", DS_Warning
));
175 StripDebugInfo(TheModule
);
179 static std::unique_ptr
<Module
> loadModuleFromInput(lto::InputFile
*Input
,
180 LLVMContext
&Context
,
183 auto &Mod
= Input
->getSingleBitcodeModule();
185 Expected
<std::unique_ptr
<Module
>> ModuleOrErr
=
186 Lazy
? Mod
.getLazyModule(Context
,
187 /* ShouldLazyLoadMetadata */ true, IsImporting
)
188 : Mod
.parseModule(Context
);
190 handleAllErrors(ModuleOrErr
.takeError(), [&](ErrorInfoBase
&EIB
) {
191 SMDiagnostic Err
= SMDiagnostic(Mod
.getModuleIdentifier(),
192 SourceMgr::DK_Error
, EIB
.message());
193 Err
.print("ThinLTO", errs());
195 report_fatal_error("Can't load module, abort.");
198 verifyLoadedModule(*ModuleOrErr
.get());
199 return std::move(*ModuleOrErr
);
203 crossImportIntoModule(Module
&TheModule
, const ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
204 StringMap
<lto::InputFile
*> &ModuleMap
,
205 const FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
&ImportList
) {
206 auto Loader
= [&](StringRef Identifier
) {
207 auto &Input
= ModuleMap
[Identifier
];
208 return loadModuleFromInput(Input
, TheModule
.getContext(),
209 /*Lazy=*/true, /*IsImporting*/ true);
212 FunctionImporter
Importer(Index
, Loader
);
213 Expected
<bool> Result
= Importer
.importFunctions(TheModule
, ImportList
);
215 handleAllErrors(Result
.takeError(), [&](ErrorInfoBase
&EIB
) {
216 SMDiagnostic Err
= SMDiagnostic(TheModule
.getModuleIdentifier(),
217 SourceMgr::DK_Error
, EIB
.message());
218 Err
.print("ThinLTO", errs());
220 report_fatal_error("importFunctions failed");
222 // Verify again after cross-importing.
223 verifyLoadedModule(TheModule
);
226 static void optimizeModule(Module
&TheModule
, TargetMachine
&TM
,
227 unsigned OptLevel
, bool Freestanding
) {
228 // Populate the PassManager
229 PassManagerBuilder PMB
;
230 PMB
.LibraryInfo
= new TargetLibraryInfoImpl(TM
.getTargetTriple());
232 PMB
.LibraryInfo
->disableAllFunctions();
233 PMB
.Inliner
= createFunctionInliningPass();
234 // FIXME: should get it from the bitcode?
235 PMB
.OptLevel
= OptLevel
;
236 PMB
.LoopVectorize
= true;
237 PMB
.SLPVectorize
= true;
238 // Already did this in verifyLoadedModule().
239 PMB
.VerifyInput
= false;
240 PMB
.VerifyOutput
= false;
242 legacy::PassManager PM
;
244 // Add the TTI (required to inform the vectorizer about register size for
246 PM
.add(createTargetTransformInfoWrapperPass(TM
.getTargetIRAnalysis()));
249 PMB
.populateThinLTOPassManager(PM
);
255 addUsedSymbolToPreservedGUID(const lto::InputFile
&File
,
256 DenseSet
<GlobalValue::GUID
> &PreservedGUID
) {
257 for (const auto &Sym
: File
.symbols()) {
259 PreservedGUID
.insert(GlobalValue::getGUID(Sym
.getIRName()));
263 // Convert the PreservedSymbols map from "Name" based to "GUID" based.
264 static DenseSet
<GlobalValue::GUID
>
265 computeGUIDPreservedSymbols(const StringSet
<> &PreservedSymbols
,
266 const Triple
&TheTriple
) {
267 DenseSet
<GlobalValue::GUID
> GUIDPreservedSymbols(PreservedSymbols
.size());
268 for (auto &Entry
: PreservedSymbols
) {
269 StringRef Name
= Entry
.first();
270 if (TheTriple
.isOSBinFormatMachO() && Name
.size() > 0 && Name
[0] == '_')
271 Name
= Name
.drop_front();
272 GUIDPreservedSymbols
.insert(GlobalValue::getGUID(Name
));
274 return GUIDPreservedSymbols
;
277 std::unique_ptr
<MemoryBuffer
> codegenModule(Module
&TheModule
,
279 SmallVector
<char, 128> OutputBuffer
;
283 raw_svector_ostream
OS(OutputBuffer
);
284 legacy::PassManager PM
;
286 // If the bitcode files contain ARC code and were compiled with optimization,
287 // the ObjCARCContractPass must be run, so do it unconditionally here.
288 PM
.add(createObjCARCContractPass());
290 // Setup the codegen now.
291 if (TM
.addPassesToEmitFile(PM
, OS
, nullptr, TargetMachine::CGFT_ObjectFile
,
292 /* DisableVerify */ true))
293 report_fatal_error("Failed to setup codegen");
295 // Run codegen now. resulting binary is in OutputBuffer.
298 return make_unique
<SmallVectorMemoryBuffer
>(std::move(OutputBuffer
));
301 /// Manage caching for a single Module.
302 class ModuleCacheEntry
{
303 SmallString
<128> EntryPath
;
306 // Create a cache entry. This compute a unique hash for the Module considering
307 // the current list of export/import, and offer an interface to query to
308 // access the content in the cache.
310 StringRef CachePath
, const ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
, StringRef ModuleID
,
311 const FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
&ImportList
,
312 const FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
&ExportList
,
313 const std::map
<GlobalValue::GUID
, GlobalValue::LinkageTypes
> &ResolvedODR
,
314 const GVSummaryMapTy
&DefinedGVSummaries
, unsigned OptLevel
,
315 bool Freestanding
, const TargetMachineBuilder
&TMBuilder
) {
316 if (CachePath
.empty())
319 if (!Index
.modulePaths().count(ModuleID
))
320 // The module does not have an entry, it can't have a hash at all
323 if (all_of(Index
.getModuleHash(ModuleID
),
324 [](uint32_t V
) { return V
== 0; }))
325 // No hash entry, no caching!
328 llvm::lto::Config Conf
;
329 Conf
.OptLevel
= OptLevel
;
330 Conf
.Options
= TMBuilder
.Options
;
331 Conf
.CPU
= TMBuilder
.MCpu
;
332 Conf
.MAttrs
.push_back(TMBuilder
.MAttr
);
333 Conf
.RelocModel
= TMBuilder
.RelocModel
;
334 Conf
.CGOptLevel
= TMBuilder
.CGOptLevel
;
335 Conf
.Freestanding
= Freestanding
;
337 computeLTOCacheKey(Key
, Conf
, Index
, ModuleID
, ImportList
, ExportList
,
338 ResolvedODR
, DefinedGVSummaries
);
340 // This choice of file name allows the cache to be pruned (see pruneCache()
341 // in include/llvm/Support/CachePruning.h).
342 sys::path::append(EntryPath
, CachePath
, "llvmcache-" + Key
);
345 // Access the path to this entry in the cache.
346 StringRef
getEntryPath() { return EntryPath
; }
348 // Try loading the buffer for this cache entry.
349 ErrorOr
<std::unique_ptr
<MemoryBuffer
>> tryLoadingBuffer() {
350 if (EntryPath
.empty())
351 return std::error_code();
352 SmallString
<64> ResultPath
;
353 Expected
<sys::fs::file_t
> FDOrErr
= sys::fs::openNativeFileForRead(
354 Twine(EntryPath
), sys::fs::OF_UpdateAtime
, &ResultPath
);
356 return errorToErrorCode(FDOrErr
.takeError());
357 ErrorOr
<std::unique_ptr
<MemoryBuffer
>> MBOrErr
= MemoryBuffer::getOpenFile(
358 *FDOrErr
, EntryPath
, /*FileSize=*/-1, /*RequiresNullTerminator=*/false);
359 sys::fs::closeFile(*FDOrErr
);
363 // Cache the Produced object file
364 void write(const MemoryBuffer
&OutputBuffer
) {
365 if (EntryPath
.empty())
368 // Write to a temporary to avoid race condition
369 SmallString
<128> TempFilename
;
370 SmallString
<128> CachePath(EntryPath
);
372 llvm::sys::path::remove_filename(CachePath
);
373 sys::path::append(TempFilename
, CachePath
, "Thin-%%%%%%.tmp.o");
375 sys::fs::createUniqueFile(TempFilename
, TempFD
, TempFilename
);
377 errs() << "Error: " << EC
.message() << "\n";
378 report_fatal_error("ThinLTO: Can't get a temporary file");
381 raw_fd_ostream
OS(TempFD
, /* ShouldClose */ true);
382 OS
<< OutputBuffer
.getBuffer();
384 // Rename temp file to final destination; rename is atomic
385 EC
= sys::fs::rename(TempFilename
, EntryPath
);
387 sys::fs::remove(TempFilename
);
391 static std::unique_ptr
<MemoryBuffer
>
392 ProcessThinLTOModule(Module
&TheModule
, ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
393 StringMap
<lto::InputFile
*> &ModuleMap
, TargetMachine
&TM
,
394 const FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
&ImportList
,
395 const FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
&ExportList
,
396 const DenseSet
<GlobalValue::GUID
> &GUIDPreservedSymbols
,
397 const GVSummaryMapTy
&DefinedGlobals
,
398 const ThinLTOCodeGenerator::CachingOptions
&CacheOptions
,
399 bool DisableCodeGen
, StringRef SaveTempsDir
,
400 bool Freestanding
, unsigned OptLevel
, unsigned count
) {
402 // "Benchmark"-like optimization: single-source case
403 bool SingleModule
= (ModuleMap
.size() == 1);
406 promoteModule(TheModule
, Index
);
408 // Apply summary-based prevailing-symbol resolution decisions.
409 thinLTOResolvePrevailingInModule(TheModule
, DefinedGlobals
);
411 // Save temps: after promotion.
412 saveTempBitcode(TheModule
, SaveTempsDir
, count
, ".1.promoted.bc");
415 // Be friendly and don't nuke totally the module when the client didn't
416 // supply anything to preserve.
417 if (!ExportList
.empty() || !GUIDPreservedSymbols
.empty()) {
418 // Apply summary-based internalization decisions.
419 thinLTOInternalizeModule(TheModule
, DefinedGlobals
);
422 // Save internalized bitcode
423 saveTempBitcode(TheModule
, SaveTempsDir
, count
, ".2.internalized.bc");
426 crossImportIntoModule(TheModule
, Index
, ModuleMap
, ImportList
);
428 // Save temps: after cross-module import.
429 saveTempBitcode(TheModule
, SaveTempsDir
, count
, ".3.imported.bc");
432 optimizeModule(TheModule
, TM
, OptLevel
, Freestanding
);
434 saveTempBitcode(TheModule
, SaveTempsDir
, count
, ".4.opt.bc");
436 if (DisableCodeGen
) {
437 // Configured to stop before CodeGen, serialize the bitcode and return.
438 SmallVector
<char, 128> OutputBuffer
;
440 raw_svector_ostream
OS(OutputBuffer
);
441 ProfileSummaryInfo
PSI(TheModule
);
442 auto Index
= buildModuleSummaryIndex(TheModule
, nullptr, &PSI
);
443 WriteBitcodeToFile(TheModule
, OS
, true, &Index
);
445 return make_unique
<SmallVectorMemoryBuffer
>(std::move(OutputBuffer
));
448 return codegenModule(TheModule
, TM
);
451 /// Resolve prevailing symbols. Record resolutions in the \p ResolvedODR map
452 /// for caching, and in the \p Index for application during the ThinLTO
453 /// backends. This is needed for correctness for exported symbols (ensure
454 /// at least one copy kept) and a compile-time optimization (to drop duplicate
455 /// copies when possible).
456 static void resolvePrevailingInIndex(
457 ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
458 StringMap
<std::map
<GlobalValue::GUID
, GlobalValue::LinkageTypes
>>
460 const DenseSet
<GlobalValue::GUID
> &GUIDPreservedSymbols
) {
462 DenseMap
<GlobalValue::GUID
, const GlobalValueSummary
*> PrevailingCopy
;
463 computePrevailingCopies(Index
, PrevailingCopy
);
465 auto isPrevailing
= [&](GlobalValue::GUID GUID
, const GlobalValueSummary
*S
) {
466 const auto &Prevailing
= PrevailingCopy
.find(GUID
);
467 // Not in map means that there was only one copy, which must be prevailing.
468 if (Prevailing
== PrevailingCopy
.end())
470 return Prevailing
->second
== S
;
473 auto recordNewLinkage
= [&](StringRef ModuleIdentifier
,
474 GlobalValue::GUID GUID
,
475 GlobalValue::LinkageTypes NewLinkage
) {
476 ResolvedODR
[ModuleIdentifier
][GUID
] = NewLinkage
;
479 thinLTOResolvePrevailingInIndex(Index
, isPrevailing
, recordNewLinkage
,
480 GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
483 // Initialize the TargetMachine builder for a given Triple
484 static void initTMBuilder(TargetMachineBuilder
&TMBuilder
,
485 const Triple
&TheTriple
) {
486 // Set a default CPU for Darwin triples (copied from LTOCodeGenerator).
487 // FIXME this looks pretty terrible...
488 if (TMBuilder
.MCpu
.empty() && TheTriple
.isOSDarwin()) {
489 if (TheTriple
.getArch() == llvm::Triple::x86_64
)
490 TMBuilder
.MCpu
= "core2";
491 else if (TheTriple
.getArch() == llvm::Triple::x86
)
492 TMBuilder
.MCpu
= "yonah";
493 else if (TheTriple
.getArch() == llvm::Triple::aarch64
)
494 TMBuilder
.MCpu
= "cyclone";
496 TMBuilder
.TheTriple
= std::move(TheTriple
);
499 } // end anonymous namespace
501 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::addModule(StringRef Identifier
, StringRef Data
) {
502 MemoryBufferRef
Buffer(Data
, Identifier
);
504 auto InputOrError
= lto::InputFile::create(Buffer
);
506 report_fatal_error("ThinLTO cannot create input file: " +
507 toString(InputOrError
.takeError()));
509 auto TripleStr
= (*InputOrError
)->getTargetTriple();
510 Triple
TheTriple(TripleStr
);
513 initTMBuilder(TMBuilder
, Triple(TheTriple
));
514 else if (TMBuilder
.TheTriple
!= TheTriple
) {
515 if (!TMBuilder
.TheTriple
.isCompatibleWith(TheTriple
))
516 report_fatal_error("ThinLTO modules with incompatible triples not "
518 initTMBuilder(TMBuilder
, Triple(TMBuilder
.TheTriple
.merge(TheTriple
)));
521 Modules
.emplace_back(std::move(*InputOrError
));
524 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::preserveSymbol(StringRef Name
) {
525 PreservedSymbols
.insert(Name
);
528 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::crossReferenceSymbol(StringRef Name
) {
529 // FIXME: At the moment, we don't take advantage of this extra information,
530 // we're conservatively considering cross-references as preserved.
531 // CrossReferencedSymbols.insert(Name);
532 PreservedSymbols
.insert(Name
);
535 // TargetMachine factory
536 std::unique_ptr
<TargetMachine
> TargetMachineBuilder::create() const {
538 const Target
*TheTarget
=
539 TargetRegistry::lookupTarget(TheTriple
.str(), ErrMsg
);
541 report_fatal_error("Can't load target for this Triple: " + ErrMsg
);
544 // Use MAttr as the default set of features.
545 SubtargetFeatures
Features(MAttr
);
546 Features
.getDefaultSubtargetFeatures(TheTriple
);
547 std::string FeatureStr
= Features
.getString();
549 return std::unique_ptr
<TargetMachine
>(
550 TheTarget
->createTargetMachine(TheTriple
.str(), MCpu
, FeatureStr
, Options
,
551 RelocModel
, None
, CGOptLevel
));
555 * Produce the combined summary index from all the bitcode files:
558 std::unique_ptr
<ModuleSummaryIndex
> ThinLTOCodeGenerator::linkCombinedIndex() {
559 std::unique_ptr
<ModuleSummaryIndex
> CombinedIndex
=
560 llvm::make_unique
<ModuleSummaryIndex
>(/*HaveGVs=*/false);
561 uint64_t NextModuleId
= 0;
562 for (auto &Mod
: Modules
) {
563 auto &M
= Mod
->getSingleBitcodeModule();
565 M
.readSummary(*CombinedIndex
, Mod
->getName(), NextModuleId
++)) {
567 logAllUnhandledErrors(
568 std::move(Err
), errs(),
569 "error: can't create module summary index for buffer: ");
573 return CombinedIndex
;
576 static void internalizeAndPromoteInIndex(
577 const StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
> &ExportLists
,
578 const DenseSet
<GlobalValue::GUID
> &GUIDPreservedSymbols
,
579 ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
) {
580 auto isExported
= [&](StringRef ModuleIdentifier
, GlobalValue::GUID GUID
) {
581 const auto &ExportList
= ExportLists
.find(ModuleIdentifier
);
582 return (ExportList
!= ExportLists
.end() &&
583 ExportList
->second
.count(GUID
)) ||
584 GUIDPreservedSymbols
.count(GUID
);
587 thinLTOInternalizeAndPromoteInIndex(Index
, isExported
);
590 static void computeDeadSymbolsInIndex(
591 ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
592 const DenseSet
<GlobalValue::GUID
> &GUIDPreservedSymbols
) {
593 // We have no symbols resolution available. And can't do any better now in the
594 // case where the prevailing symbol is in a native object. It can be refined
595 // with linker information in the future.
596 auto isPrevailing
= [&](GlobalValue::GUID G
) {
597 return PrevailingType::Unknown
;
599 computeDeadSymbolsWithConstProp(Index
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
, isPrevailing
,
600 /* ImportEnabled = */ true);
604 * Perform promotion and renaming of exported internal functions.
605 * Index is updated to reflect linkage changes from weak resolution.
607 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::promote(Module
&TheModule
, ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
608 const lto::InputFile
&File
) {
609 auto ModuleCount
= Index
.modulePaths().size();
610 auto ModuleIdentifier
= TheModule
.getModuleIdentifier();
612 // Collect for each module the list of function it defines (GUID -> Summary).
613 StringMap
<GVSummaryMapTy
> ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
;
614 Index
.collectDefinedGVSummariesPerModule(ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
);
616 // Convert the preserved symbols set from string to GUID
617 auto GUIDPreservedSymbols
= computeGUIDPreservedSymbols(
618 PreservedSymbols
, Triple(TheModule
.getTargetTriple()));
620 // Add used symbol to the preserved symbols.
621 addUsedSymbolToPreservedGUID(File
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
623 // Compute "dead" symbols, we don't want to import/export these!
624 computeDeadSymbolsInIndex(Index
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
626 // Generate import/export list
627 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
> ImportLists(ModuleCount
);
628 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
> ExportLists(ModuleCount
);
629 ComputeCrossModuleImport(Index
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
, ImportLists
,
632 // Resolve prevailing symbols
633 StringMap
<std::map
<GlobalValue::GUID
, GlobalValue::LinkageTypes
>> ResolvedODR
;
634 resolvePrevailingInIndex(Index
, ResolvedODR
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
636 thinLTOResolvePrevailingInModule(
637 TheModule
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
[ModuleIdentifier
]);
639 // Promote the exported values in the index, so that they are promoted
641 internalizeAndPromoteInIndex(ExportLists
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
, Index
);
643 promoteModule(TheModule
, Index
);
647 * Perform cross-module importing for the module identified by ModuleIdentifier.
649 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::crossModuleImport(Module
&TheModule
,
650 ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
651 const lto::InputFile
&File
) {
652 auto ModuleMap
= generateModuleMap(Modules
);
653 auto ModuleCount
= Index
.modulePaths().size();
655 // Collect for each module the list of function it defines (GUID -> Summary).
656 StringMap
<GVSummaryMapTy
> ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries(ModuleCount
);
657 Index
.collectDefinedGVSummariesPerModule(ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
);
659 // Convert the preserved symbols set from string to GUID
660 auto GUIDPreservedSymbols
= computeGUIDPreservedSymbols(
661 PreservedSymbols
, Triple(TheModule
.getTargetTriple()));
663 addUsedSymbolToPreservedGUID(File
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
665 // Compute "dead" symbols, we don't want to import/export these!
666 computeDeadSymbolsInIndex(Index
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
668 // Generate import/export list
669 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
> ImportLists(ModuleCount
);
670 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
> ExportLists(ModuleCount
);
671 ComputeCrossModuleImport(Index
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
, ImportLists
,
673 auto &ImportList
= ImportLists
[TheModule
.getModuleIdentifier()];
675 crossImportIntoModule(TheModule
, Index
, ModuleMap
, ImportList
);
679 * Compute the list of summaries needed for importing into module.
681 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::gatherImportedSummariesForModule(
682 Module
&TheModule
, ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
683 std::map
<std::string
, GVSummaryMapTy
> &ModuleToSummariesForIndex
,
684 const lto::InputFile
&File
) {
685 auto ModuleCount
= Index
.modulePaths().size();
686 auto ModuleIdentifier
= TheModule
.getModuleIdentifier();
688 // Collect for each module the list of function it defines (GUID -> Summary).
689 StringMap
<GVSummaryMapTy
> ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries(ModuleCount
);
690 Index
.collectDefinedGVSummariesPerModule(ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
);
692 // Convert the preserved symbols set from string to GUID
693 auto GUIDPreservedSymbols
= computeGUIDPreservedSymbols(
694 PreservedSymbols
, Triple(TheModule
.getTargetTriple()));
696 addUsedSymbolToPreservedGUID(File
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
698 // Compute "dead" symbols, we don't want to import/export these!
699 computeDeadSymbolsInIndex(Index
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
701 // Generate import/export list
702 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
> ImportLists(ModuleCount
);
703 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
> ExportLists(ModuleCount
);
704 ComputeCrossModuleImport(Index
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
, ImportLists
,
707 llvm::gatherImportedSummariesForModule(
708 ModuleIdentifier
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
,
709 ImportLists
[ModuleIdentifier
], ModuleToSummariesForIndex
);
713 * Emit the list of files needed for importing into module.
715 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::emitImports(Module
&TheModule
, StringRef OutputName
,
716 ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
717 const lto::InputFile
&File
) {
718 auto ModuleCount
= Index
.modulePaths().size();
719 auto ModuleIdentifier
= TheModule
.getModuleIdentifier();
721 // Collect for each module the list of function it defines (GUID -> Summary).
722 StringMap
<GVSummaryMapTy
> ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries(ModuleCount
);
723 Index
.collectDefinedGVSummariesPerModule(ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
);
725 // Convert the preserved symbols set from string to GUID
726 auto GUIDPreservedSymbols
= computeGUIDPreservedSymbols(
727 PreservedSymbols
, Triple(TheModule
.getTargetTriple()));
729 addUsedSymbolToPreservedGUID(File
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
731 // Compute "dead" symbols, we don't want to import/export these!
732 computeDeadSymbolsInIndex(Index
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
734 // Generate import/export list
735 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
> ImportLists(ModuleCount
);
736 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
> ExportLists(ModuleCount
);
737 ComputeCrossModuleImport(Index
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
, ImportLists
,
740 std::map
<std::string
, GVSummaryMapTy
> ModuleToSummariesForIndex
;
741 llvm::gatherImportedSummariesForModule(
742 ModuleIdentifier
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
,
743 ImportLists
[ModuleIdentifier
], ModuleToSummariesForIndex
);
746 if ((EC
= EmitImportsFiles(ModuleIdentifier
, OutputName
,
747 ModuleToSummariesForIndex
)))
748 report_fatal_error(Twine("Failed to open ") + OutputName
+
749 " to save imports lists\n");
753 * Perform internalization. Runs promote and internalization together.
754 * Index is updated to reflect linkage changes.
756 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::internalize(Module
&TheModule
,
757 ModuleSummaryIndex
&Index
,
758 const lto::InputFile
&File
) {
759 initTMBuilder(TMBuilder
, Triple(TheModule
.getTargetTriple()));
760 auto ModuleCount
= Index
.modulePaths().size();
761 auto ModuleIdentifier
= TheModule
.getModuleIdentifier();
763 // Convert the preserved symbols set from string to GUID
764 auto GUIDPreservedSymbols
=
765 computeGUIDPreservedSymbols(PreservedSymbols
, TMBuilder
.TheTriple
);
767 addUsedSymbolToPreservedGUID(File
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
769 // Collect for each module the list of function it defines (GUID -> Summary).
770 StringMap
<GVSummaryMapTy
> ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries(ModuleCount
);
771 Index
.collectDefinedGVSummariesPerModule(ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
);
773 // Compute "dead" symbols, we don't want to import/export these!
774 computeDeadSymbolsInIndex(Index
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
776 // Generate import/export list
777 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
> ImportLists(ModuleCount
);
778 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
> ExportLists(ModuleCount
);
779 ComputeCrossModuleImport(Index
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
, ImportLists
,
781 auto &ExportList
= ExportLists
[ModuleIdentifier
];
783 // Be friendly and don't nuke totally the module when the client didn't
784 // supply anything to preserve.
785 if (ExportList
.empty() && GUIDPreservedSymbols
.empty())
788 // Resolve prevailing symbols
789 StringMap
<std::map
<GlobalValue::GUID
, GlobalValue::LinkageTypes
>> ResolvedODR
;
790 resolvePrevailingInIndex(Index
, ResolvedODR
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
792 // Promote the exported values in the index, so that they are promoted
794 internalizeAndPromoteInIndex(ExportLists
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
, Index
);
796 promoteModule(TheModule
, Index
);
799 thinLTOResolvePrevailingInModule(
800 TheModule
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
[ModuleIdentifier
]);
802 thinLTOInternalizeModule(TheModule
,
803 ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
[ModuleIdentifier
]);
807 * Perform post-importing ThinLTO optimizations.
809 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::optimize(Module
&TheModule
) {
810 initTMBuilder(TMBuilder
, Triple(TheModule
.getTargetTriple()));
813 optimizeModule(TheModule
, *TMBuilder
.create(), OptLevel
, Freestanding
);
816 /// Write out the generated object file, either from CacheEntryPath or from
817 /// OutputBuffer, preferring hard-link when possible.
818 /// Returns the path to the generated file in SavedObjectsDirectoryPath.
820 ThinLTOCodeGenerator::writeGeneratedObject(int count
, StringRef CacheEntryPath
,
821 const MemoryBuffer
&OutputBuffer
) {
822 auto ArchName
= TMBuilder
.TheTriple
.getArchName();
823 SmallString
<128> OutputPath(SavedObjectsDirectoryPath
);
824 llvm::sys::path::append(OutputPath
,
825 Twine(count
) + "." + ArchName
+ ".thinlto.o");
826 OutputPath
.c_str(); // Ensure the string is null terminated.
827 if (sys::fs::exists(OutputPath
))
828 sys::fs::remove(OutputPath
);
830 // We don't return a memory buffer to the linker, just a list of files.
831 if (!CacheEntryPath
.empty()) {
832 // Cache is enabled, hard-link the entry (or copy if hard-link fails).
833 auto Err
= sys::fs::create_hard_link(CacheEntryPath
, OutputPath
);
835 return OutputPath
.str();
836 // Hard linking failed, try to copy.
837 Err
= sys::fs::copy_file(CacheEntryPath
, OutputPath
);
839 return OutputPath
.str();
840 // Copy failed (could be because the CacheEntry was removed from the cache
841 // in the meantime by another process), fall back and try to write down the
842 // buffer to the output.
843 errs() << "error: can't link or copy from cached entry '" << CacheEntryPath
844 << "' to '" << OutputPath
<< "'\n";
846 // No cache entry, just write out the buffer.
848 raw_fd_ostream
OS(OutputPath
, Err
, sys::fs::OF_None
);
850 report_fatal_error("Can't open output '" + OutputPath
+ "'\n");
851 OS
<< OutputBuffer
.getBuffer();
852 return OutputPath
.str();
855 // Main entry point for the ThinLTO processing
856 void ThinLTOCodeGenerator::run() {
857 // Prepare the resulting object vector
858 assert(ProducedBinaries
.empty() && "The generator should not be reused");
859 if (SavedObjectsDirectoryPath
.empty())
860 ProducedBinaries
.resize(Modules
.size());
862 sys::fs::create_directories(SavedObjectsDirectoryPath
);
864 sys::fs::is_directory(SavedObjectsDirectoryPath
, IsDir
);
866 report_fatal_error("Unexistent dir: '" + SavedObjectsDirectoryPath
+ "'");
867 ProducedBinaryFiles
.resize(Modules
.size());
871 // Perform only parallel codegen and return.
874 for (auto &Mod
: Modules
) {
875 Pool
.async([&](int count
) {
877 Context
.setDiscardValueNames(LTODiscardValueNames
);
880 auto TheModule
= loadModuleFromInput(Mod
.get(), Context
, false,
881 /*IsImporting*/ false);
884 auto OutputBuffer
= codegenModule(*TheModule
, *TMBuilder
.create());
885 if (SavedObjectsDirectoryPath
.empty())
886 ProducedBinaries
[count
] = std::move(OutputBuffer
);
888 ProducedBinaryFiles
[count
] =
889 writeGeneratedObject(count
, "", *OutputBuffer
);
896 // Sequential linking phase
897 auto Index
= linkCombinedIndex();
899 // Save temps: index.
900 if (!SaveTempsDir
.empty()) {
901 auto SaveTempPath
= SaveTempsDir
+ "index.bc";
903 raw_fd_ostream
OS(SaveTempPath
, EC
, sys::fs::OF_None
);
905 report_fatal_error(Twine("Failed to open ") + SaveTempPath
+
906 " to save optimized bitcode\n");
907 WriteIndexToFile(*Index
, OS
);
911 // Prepare the module map.
912 auto ModuleMap
= generateModuleMap(Modules
);
913 auto ModuleCount
= Modules
.size();
915 // Collect for each module the list of function it defines (GUID -> Summary).
916 StringMap
<GVSummaryMapTy
> ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries(ModuleCount
);
917 Index
->collectDefinedGVSummariesPerModule(ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
);
919 // Convert the preserved symbols set from string to GUID, this is needed for
920 // computing the caching hash and the internalization.
921 auto GUIDPreservedSymbols
=
922 computeGUIDPreservedSymbols(PreservedSymbols
, TMBuilder
.TheTriple
);
924 // Add used symbol from inputs to the preserved symbols.
925 for (const auto &M
: Modules
)
926 addUsedSymbolToPreservedGUID(*M
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
928 // Compute "dead" symbols, we don't want to import/export these!
929 computeDeadSymbolsInIndex(*Index
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
931 // Synthesize entry counts for functions in the combined index.
932 computeSyntheticCounts(*Index
);
934 // Collect the import/export lists for all modules from the call-graph in the
936 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ImportMapTy
> ImportLists(ModuleCount
);
937 StringMap
<FunctionImporter::ExportSetTy
> ExportLists(ModuleCount
);
938 ComputeCrossModuleImport(*Index
, ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
, ImportLists
,
941 // We use a std::map here to be able to have a defined ordering when
942 // producing a hash for the cache entry.
943 // FIXME: we should be able to compute the caching hash for the entry based
944 // on the index, and nuke this map.
945 StringMap
<std::map
<GlobalValue::GUID
, GlobalValue::LinkageTypes
>> ResolvedODR
;
947 // Resolve prevailing symbols, this has to be computed early because it
948 // impacts the caching.
949 resolvePrevailingInIndex(*Index
, ResolvedODR
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
);
951 // Use global summary-based analysis to identify symbols that can be
952 // internalized (because they aren't exported or preserved as per callback).
953 // Changes are made in the index, consumed in the ThinLTO backends.
954 internalizeAndPromoteInIndex(ExportLists
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
, *Index
);
956 // Make sure that every module has an entry in the ExportLists, ImportList,
957 // GVSummary and ResolvedODR maps to enable threaded access to these maps
959 for (auto &Module
: Modules
) {
960 auto ModuleIdentifier
= Module
->getName();
961 ExportLists
[ModuleIdentifier
];
962 ImportLists
[ModuleIdentifier
];
963 ResolvedODR
[ModuleIdentifier
];
964 ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
[ModuleIdentifier
];
967 // Compute the ordering we will process the inputs: the rough heuristic here
968 // is to sort them per size so that the largest module get schedule as soon as
969 // possible. This is purely a compile-time optimization.
970 std::vector
<int> ModulesOrdering
;
971 ModulesOrdering
.resize(Modules
.size());
972 std::iota(ModulesOrdering
.begin(), ModulesOrdering
.end(), 0);
973 llvm::sort(ModulesOrdering
, [&](int LeftIndex
, int RightIndex
) {
975 Modules
[LeftIndex
]->getSingleBitcodeModule().getBuffer().size();
977 Modules
[RightIndex
]->getSingleBitcodeModule().getBuffer().size();
978 return LSize
> RSize
;
981 // Parallel optimizer + codegen
983 ThreadPool
Pool(ThreadCount
);
984 for (auto IndexCount
: ModulesOrdering
) {
985 auto &Mod
= Modules
[IndexCount
];
986 Pool
.async([&](int count
) {
987 auto ModuleIdentifier
= Mod
->getName();
988 auto &ExportList
= ExportLists
[ModuleIdentifier
];
990 auto &DefinedGVSummaries
= ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
[ModuleIdentifier
];
992 // The module may be cached, this helps handling it.
993 ModuleCacheEntry
CacheEntry(CacheOptions
.Path
, *Index
, ModuleIdentifier
,
994 ImportLists
[ModuleIdentifier
], ExportList
,
995 ResolvedODR
[ModuleIdentifier
],
996 DefinedGVSummaries
, OptLevel
, Freestanding
,
998 auto CacheEntryPath
= CacheEntry
.getEntryPath();
1001 auto ErrOrBuffer
= CacheEntry
.tryLoadingBuffer();
1002 LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Cache " << (ErrOrBuffer
? "hit" : "miss")
1003 << " '" << CacheEntryPath
<< "' for buffer "
1004 << count
<< " " << ModuleIdentifier
<< "\n");
1008 if (SavedObjectsDirectoryPath
.empty())
1009 ProducedBinaries
[count
] = std::move(ErrOrBuffer
.get());
1011 ProducedBinaryFiles
[count
] = writeGeneratedObject(
1012 count
, CacheEntryPath
, *ErrOrBuffer
.get());
1017 LLVMContext Context
;
1018 Context
.setDiscardValueNames(LTODiscardValueNames
);
1019 Context
.enableDebugTypeODRUniquing();
1020 auto DiagFileOrErr
= lto::setupOptimizationRemarks(
1021 Context
, RemarksFilename
, RemarksPasses
, RemarksFormat
,
1022 RemarksWithHotness
, count
);
1023 if (!DiagFileOrErr
) {
1024 errs() << "Error: " << toString(DiagFileOrErr
.takeError()) << "\n";
1025 report_fatal_error("ThinLTO: Can't get an output file for the "
1030 auto TheModule
= loadModuleFromInput(Mod
.get(), Context
, false,
1031 /*IsImporting*/ false);
1033 // Save temps: original file.
1034 saveTempBitcode(*TheModule
, SaveTempsDir
, count
, ".0.original.bc");
1036 auto &ImportList
= ImportLists
[ModuleIdentifier
];
1037 // Run the main process now, and generates a binary
1038 auto OutputBuffer
= ProcessThinLTOModule(
1039 *TheModule
, *Index
, ModuleMap
, *TMBuilder
.create(), ImportList
,
1040 ExportList
, GUIDPreservedSymbols
,
1041 ModuleToDefinedGVSummaries
[ModuleIdentifier
], CacheOptions
,
1042 DisableCodeGen
, SaveTempsDir
, Freestanding
, OptLevel
, count
);
1044 // Commit to the cache (if enabled)
1045 CacheEntry
.write(*OutputBuffer
);
1047 if (SavedObjectsDirectoryPath
.empty()) {
1048 // We need to generated a memory buffer for the linker.
1049 if (!CacheEntryPath
.empty()) {
1050 // When cache is enabled, reload from the cache if possible.
1051 // Releasing the buffer from the heap and reloading it from the
1052 // cache file with mmap helps us to lower memory pressure.
1053 // The freed memory can be used for the next input file.
1054 // The final binary link will read from the VFS cache (hopefully!)
1055 // or from disk (if the memory pressure was too high).
1056 auto ReloadedBufferOrErr
= CacheEntry
.tryLoadingBuffer();
1057 if (auto EC
= ReloadedBufferOrErr
.getError()) {
1058 // On error, keep the preexisting buffer and print a diagnostic.
1059 errs() << "error: can't reload cached file '" << CacheEntryPath
1060 << "': " << EC
.message() << "\n";
1062 OutputBuffer
= std::move(*ReloadedBufferOrErr
);
1065 ProducedBinaries
[count
] = std::move(OutputBuffer
);
1068 ProducedBinaryFiles
[count
] = writeGeneratedObject(
1069 count
, CacheEntryPath
, *OutputBuffer
);
1074 pruneCache(CacheOptions
.Path
, CacheOptions
.Policy
);
1076 // If statistics were requested, print them out now.
1077 if (llvm::AreStatisticsEnabled())
1078 llvm::PrintStatistics();
1079 reportAndResetTimings();