1 ===================================
2 How To Setup Clang Tooling For LLVM
3 ===================================
5 Clang Tooling provides infrastructure to write tools that need syntactic
6 and semantic information about a program. This term also relates to a set
7 of specific tools using this infrastructure (e.g. ``clang-check``). This
8 document provides information on how to set up and use Clang Tooling for
14 Clang Tooling needs a compilation database to figure out specific build
15 options for each file. Currently it can create a compilation database
16 from the ``compile_commands.json`` file, generated by CMake. When
17 invoking clang tools, you can either specify a path to a build directory
18 using a command line parameter ``-p`` or let Clang Tooling find this
19 file in your source tree. In either case you need to configure your
20 build using CMake to use clang tools.
22 Setup Clang Tooling Using CMake and Make
23 ========================================
25 If you intend to use make to build LLVM, you should have CMake 2.8.6 or
26 later installed (can be found `here <https://cmake.org>`_).
28 First, you need to generate Makefiles for LLVM with CMake. You need to
29 make a build directory and run CMake from it:
31 .. code-block:: console
33 $ mkdir your/build/directory
34 $ cd your/build/directory
35 $ cmake -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON path/to/llvm/sources
37 If you want to use clang instead of GCC, you can add
38 ``-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/path/to/clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/path/to/clang++``.
39 You can also use ``ccmake``, which provides a curses interface to configure
42 As a result, the new ``compile_commands.json`` file should appear in the
43 current directory. You should link it to the LLVM source tree so that
44 Clang Tooling is able to use it:
46 .. code-block:: console
48 $ ln -s $PWD/compile_commands.json path/to/llvm/source/
50 Now you are ready to build and test LLVM using make:
52 .. code-block:: console
56 Setup Clang Tooling Using CMake on Windows
57 ==========================================
59 For Windows developers, the Visual Studio project generators in CMake do
60 not support `CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS
61 <https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/variable/CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS.html>`_.
62 However, the Ninja generator does support this variable and can be used
63 on Windows to generate a suitable ``compile_commands.json`` that invokes
66 First, you will need to install `Ninja`_. Once installed, the Ninja
67 executable will need to be in your search path for CMake to locate it.
69 Next, assuming you already have Visual Studio installed on your machine, you
70 need to have the appropriate environment variables configured so that CMake
71 will locate the MSVC compiler for the Ninja generator. The `documentation
72 <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/building-on-the-command-line?view=msvc-170#path_and_environment>`_
73 describes the necessary environment variable settings, but the simplest thing
74 is to use a `developer command-prompt window
75 <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/building-on-the-command-line?view=msvc-170#developer_command_prompt_shortcuts>`_
76 or call a `developer command file
77 <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/building-on-the-command-line?view=msvc-170#developer_command_file_locations>`_
78 to set the environment variables appropriately.
80 Now you can run CMake with the Ninja generator to export a compilation
83 .. code-block:: console
85 C:\> mkdir build-ninja
87 C:\build-ninja> cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON path/to/llvm/sources
89 It is best to keep your Visual Studio IDE build folder separate from the
90 Ninja build folder. This prevents the two build systems from negatively
91 interacting with each other.
93 Once the ``compile_commands.json`` file has been created by Ninja, you can
94 use that compilation database with Clang Tooling. One caveat is that because
95 there are indirect settings obtained through the environment variables,
96 you may need to run any Clang Tooling executables through a command prompt
97 window created for use with Visual Studio as described above. An
98 alternative, e.g. for using the Visual Studio debugger on a Clang Tooling
99 executable, is to ensure that the environment variables are also visible
100 to the debugger settings. This can be done locally in Visual Studio's
101 debugger configuration locally or globally by launching the Visual Studio
102 IDE from a suitable command-prompt window.
107 After you completed the previous steps, you are ready to run clang tools. If
108 you have a recent clang installed, you should have ``clang-check`` in
109 ``$PATH``. Try to run it on any ``.cpp`` file inside the LLVM source tree:
111 .. code-block:: console
113 $ clang-check tools/clang/lib/Tooling/CompilationDatabase.cpp
115 If you're using vim, it's convenient to have clang-check integrated. Put
116 this into your ``.vimrc``:
120 function! ClangCheckImpl(cmd)
121 if &autowrite | wall | endif
122 echo "Running " . a:cmd . " ..."
123 let l:output = system(a:cmd)
126 let w:quickfix_title = a:cmd
127 if v:shell_error != 0
130 let g:clang_check_last_cmd = a:cmd
133 function! ClangCheck()
134 let l:filename = expand('%')
135 if l:filename =~ '\.\(cpp\|cxx\|cc\|c\)$'
136 call ClangCheckImpl("clang-check " . l:filename)
137 elseif exists("g:clang_check_last_cmd")
138 call ClangCheckImpl(g:clang_check_last_cmd)
140 echo "Can't detect file's compilation arguments and no previous clang-check invocation!"
144 nmap <silent> <F5> :call ClangCheck()<CR><CR>
146 When editing a .cpp/.cxx/.cc/.c file, hit F5 to reparse the file. In
147 case the current file has a different extension (for example, .h), F5
148 will re-run the last clang-check invocation made from this vim instance
149 (if any). The output will go into the error window, which is opened
150 automatically when clang-check finds errors, and can be re-opened with
153 Other ``clang-check`` options that can be useful when working with clang
156 * ``-ast-print`` --- Build ASTs and then pretty-print them.
157 * ``-ast-dump`` --- Build ASTs and then debug dump them.
158 * ``-ast-dump-filter=<string>`` --- Use with ``-ast-dump`` or ``-ast-print`` to
159 dump/print only AST declaration nodes having a certain substring in a
160 qualified name. Use ``-ast-list`` to list all filterable declaration node
162 * ``-ast-list`` --- Build ASTs and print the list of declaration node qualified
167 .. code-block:: console
169 $ clang-check tools/clang/tools/clang-check/ClangCheck.cpp -ast-dump -ast-dump-filter ActionFactory::newASTConsumer
170 Processing: tools/clang/tools/clang-check/ClangCheck.cpp.
171 Dumping ::ActionFactory::newASTConsumer:
172 clang::ASTConsumer *newASTConsumer() (CompoundStmt 0x44da290 </home/alexfh/local/llvm/tools/clang/tools/clang-check/ClangCheck.cpp:64:40, line:72:3>
173 (IfStmt 0x44d97c8 <line:65:5, line:66:45>
175 (ImplicitCastExpr 0x44d96d0 <line:65:9> '_Bool' <UserDefinedConversion>
177 $ clang-check tools/clang/tools/clang-check/ClangCheck.cpp -ast-print -ast-dump-filter ActionFactory::newASTConsumer
178 Processing: tools/clang/tools/clang-check/ClangCheck.cpp.
179 Printing <anonymous namespace>::ActionFactory::newASTConsumer:
180 clang::ASTConsumer *newASTConsumer() {
181 if (this->ASTList.operator _Bool())
182 return clang::CreateASTDeclNodeLister();
183 if (this->ASTDump.operator _Bool())
184 return clang::CreateASTDumper(nullptr /*Dump to stdout.*/,
185 this->ASTDumpFilter);
186 if (this->ASTPrint.operator _Bool())
187 return clang::CreateASTPrinter(&llvm::outs(), this->ASTDumpFilter);
188 return new clang::ASTConsumer();
191 Using Ninja Build System
192 =======================================
194 Optionally you can use the `Ninja`_ build system instead of make. It is
195 aimed at making your builds faster. Currently this step will require
196 building Ninja from sources.
198 To take advantage of using Clang Tools along with Ninja build you need
199 at least CMake 2.8.9.
201 Clone the Ninja git repository and build Ninja from sources:
203 .. code-block:: console
205 $ git clone git://github.com/martine/ninja.git
209 This will result in a single binary ``ninja`` in the current directory.
210 It doesn't require installation and can just be copied to any location
211 inside ``$PATH``, say ``/usr/local/bin/``:
213 .. code-block:: console
215 $ sudo cp ninja /usr/local/bin/
216 $ sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/ninja
218 After doing all of this, you'll need to generate Ninja build files for
219 LLVM with CMake. You need to make a build directory and run CMake from
222 .. code-block:: console
224 $ mkdir your/build/directory
225 $ cd your/build/directory
226 $ cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON path/to/llvm/sources
228 If you want to use clang instead of GCC, you can add
229 ``-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/path/to/clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/path/to/clang++``.
230 You can also use ``ccmake``, which provides a curses interface to configure
231 CMake variables in an interactive manner.
233 As a result, the new ``compile_commands.json`` file should appear in the
234 current directory. You should link it to the LLVM source tree so that
235 Clang Tooling is able to use it:
237 .. code-block:: console
239 $ ln -s $PWD/compile_commands.json path/to/llvm/source/
241 Now you are ready to build and test LLVM using Ninja:
243 .. code-block:: console
247 Other target names can be used in the same way as with make.
249 .. _Ninja: https://ninja-build.org/