13 *Warning* The GN build is experimental and best-effort. It might not work,
14 and if you use it you're expected to feel comfortable to unbreak it if
15 necessary. LLVM's official build system is CMake, if in doubt use that.
16 If you add files, you're expected to update the CMake build but you don't need
17 to update GN build files. Reviewers should not ask authors to update GN build
18 files. Keeping the GN build files up-to-date is on the people who use the GN
21 `GN <https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/>`_ is a metabuild system. It always
22 creates ninja files, but it can create some IDE projects (MSVC, Xcode, ...)
23 which then shell out to ninja for the actual build.
25 The main motivation behind the GN build is that some people find it more
26 convenient for day-to-day hacking on LLVM than CMake. Distribution, building
27 just parts of LLVM, and embedding the LLVM GN build from other builds are
28 non-goals for the GN build.
30 This is a `good overview of GN <https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/15Zwb53JcncHfEwHpnG_PoIbbzQ3GQi_cpujYwbpcbZo/edit#slide=id.g119d702868_0_12>`_.
37 #. ``git clone https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git; cd llvm-project`` if
38 you don't have a checkout yet.
40 #. ``llvm/utils/gn/get.py`` to download a prebuilt gn binary if you're on a
41 64-bit X86 system running Linux, macOS, or Windows. `Build gn yourself
42 <https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/#getting-started>`_ if you're on a different
43 platform or don't want to trust prebuilt binaries.
45 #. ``llvm/utils/gn/gn.py gen out/gn`` to run GN and create build files.
46 ``out/gn`` is the build directory, it can have any name, and you can have as
47 many as you want, each with different build settings. (The ``gn.py`` script
48 adds ``--dotfile=llvm/utils/gn/.gn --root=.`` and just runs regular ``gn``;
49 you can manually pass these parameters and not use the wrapper if you
52 #. ``echo out >> .git/info/exclude`` to tell git to ignore files below ``out``.
54 #. ``ninja -C out/gn check-lld`` to build all prerequisites for and run the LLD
57 By default, you get a release build with assertions enabled that targets
58 the host arch. You can set build options by editing ``out/gn/args.gn``, for
59 example putting ``is_debug = true`` in there gives you a debug build. Run
60 ``llvm/utils/gn/gn.py args --list out/gn`` to see a list of all possible
61 options. After touching ``out/gn/args.gn`` just run ninja: it will re-invoke gn
62 before starting the build.
64 GN has extensive built-in help; try e.g. ``llvm/utils/gn/gn.py help gen`` to see
65 the help for the ``gen`` command. The full GN reference is also `available
66 online <https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/+/refs/heads/main/docs/reference.md>`_.
68 GN has an autoformatter:
69 ``git ls-files '*.gn' '*.gni' | xargs llvm/utils/gn/gn.py format``
70 after making GN build changes is your friend.
72 To not put ``BUILD.gn`` files into the main tree, they are all below
73 ``utils/gn/secondary``. For example, the build file for ``llvm/lib/Support``
74 is in ``utils/gn/secondary/llvm/lib/Support``.
76 .. _Syncing GN files from CMake files:
78 Syncing GN files from CMake files
79 =================================
81 Sometimes after pulling in the latest changes, the GN build doesn't work.
82 Most of the time this is due to someone adding a file to CMakeLists.txt file.
83 Run ``llvm/utils/gn/build/sync_source_lists_from_cmake.py`` to print a report
84 of which files need to be added to or removed from ``BUILD.gn`` files to
85 match the corresponding ``CMakeLists.txt``. You have to manually read the output
86 of the script and implement its suggestions.
88 If new ``CMakeLists.txt`` files have been added, you have to manually create
89 a new corresponding ``BUILD.gn`` file below ``llvm/utils/gn/secondary/``.
91 If the dependencies in a ``CMakeLists.txt`` file have been changed, you have to
92 manually analyze and fix.
99 GN believes in using GN arguments to configure the build explicitly, instead
100 of implicitly figuring out what to do based on what's available on the current
103 configure is used for three classes of feature checks:
105 - compiler checks. In GN, these could use exec_script to identify the host
106 compiler at GN time. For now the build has explicit toggles for compiler
107 features. (Maybe there could be a script that writes args.gn based on the
108 host compiler). It's possible we'll use exec_script() for this going forward,
109 but we'd have one exec_script call to identify compiler id and version,
110 and then base GN arg default values of compiler id and version instead of
111 doing one exec_script per feature check.
112 (In theory, the config approach means a new os / compiler just needs to tweak
113 the checks and not the code, but in practice a) new os's / compilers are rare
114 b) they will require code changes anyhow, so the configure tradeoff seems
117 - library checks. For e.g. like zlib, GN thinks it's better to say "we require
118 zlib, else we error at build time" than silently omitting features. People
119 who really don't want to install zlib can explicitly set the GN arg to turn
122 - header checks (does system header X exist). These are generally not needed
123 (just keying this off the host OS works fine), but if they should become
124 necessary in the future, they should be done at build time and the few
125 targets that need to know if header X exists then depend on that build-time
126 check while everything else can build parallel with it.
128 - LLVM-specific build toggles (assertions on/off, debug on/off, targets to
129 build, ...). These map cleanly to GN args (which then get copied into
130 config.h in a build step).
132 For the last two points, it would be nice if LLVM didn't have a single
133 ``config.h`` header, but one header per toggle. That way, when e.g.
134 ``llvm_enable_terminfo`` is toggled, only the 3 files caring about that setting
135 would need to be rebuilt, instead of everything including ``config.h``.
137 GN doesn't believe in users setting arbitrary cflags from an environment
138 variable, it wants the build to be controlled by .gn files.