* (bug 15497) Removed encoding attribute from <?xml ?> tags

[mediawiki.git] / includes / User.php

<?php
/**
 * Implements the User class for the %MediaWiki software.
 * @file
 */

/**
 * \type{\int} Number of characters in user_token field.
 * @ingroup Constants
 */
define( 'USER_TOKEN_LENGTH', 32 );

/**
 * \type{\int} Serialized record version.
 * @ingroup Constants
 */
define( 'MW_USER_VERSION', 6 );

/**
 * \type{\string} Some punctuation to prevent editing from broken text-mangling proxies.
 * @ingroup Constants
 */
define( 'EDIT_TOKEN_SUFFIX', '+\\' );

/**
 * Thrown by User::setPassword() on error.
 * @ingroup Exception
 */
class PasswordError extends MWException {
        // NOP
}

/**
 * The User object encapsulates all of the user-specific settings (user_id,
 * name, rights, password, email address, options, last login time). Client
 * classes use the getXXX() functions to access these fields. These functions
 * do all the work of determining whether the user is logged in,
 * whether the requested option can be satisfied from cookies or
 * whether a database query is needed. Most of the settings needed
 * for rendering normal pages are set in the cookie to minimize use
 * of the database.
 */
class User {

        /**
         * \type{\arrayof{\string}} A list of default user toggles, i.e., boolean user 
         * preferences that are displayed by Special:Preferences as checkboxes.
         * This list can be extended via the UserToggles hook or by
         * $wgContLang::getExtraUserToggles().
         * @showinitializer
         */
        public static $mToggles = array(
                'highlightbroken',
                'justify',
                'hideminor',
                'extendwatchlist',
                'usenewrc',
                'numberheadings',
                'showtoolbar',
                'editondblclick',
                'editsection',
                'editsectiononrightclick',
                'showtoc',
                'rememberpassword',
                'editwidth',
                'watchcreations',
                'watchdefault',
                'watchmoves',
                'watchdeletion',
                'minordefault',
                'previewontop',
                'previewonfirst',
                'nocache',
                'enotifwatchlistpages',
                'enotifusertalkpages',
                'enotifminoredits',
                'enotifrevealaddr',
                'shownumberswatching',
                'fancysig',
                'externaleditor',
                'externaldiff',
                'showjumplinks',
                'uselivepreview',
                'forceeditsummary',
                'watchlisthideminor',
                'watchlisthidebots',
                'watchlisthideown',
                'watchlisthideanons',
                'watchlisthideliu',
                'ccmeonemails',
                'diffonly',
                'showhiddencats',
                'noconvertlink',
        );

        /**
         * \type{\arrayof{\string}} List of member variables which are saved to the 
         * shared cache (memcached). Any operation which changes the 
         * corresponding database fields must call a cache-clearing function.
         * @showinitializer
         */
        static $mCacheVars = array(
                // user table
                'mId',
                'mName',
                'mRealName',
                'mPassword',
                'mNewpassword',
                'mNewpassTime',
                'mEmail',
                'mOptions',
                'mTouched',
                'mToken',
                'mEmailAuthenticated',
                'mEmailToken',
                'mEmailTokenExpires',
                'mRegistration',
                'mEditCount',
                // user_group table
                'mGroups',
        );

        /**
         * \type{\arrayof{\string}} Core rights.
         * Each of these should have a corresponding message of the form 
         * "right-$right".
         * @showinitializer
         */
        static $mCoreRights = array(
                'apihighlimits',
                'autoconfirmed',
                'autopatrol',
                'bigdelete',
                'block',
                'blockemail',
                'bot',
                'browsearchive',
                'createaccount',
                'createpage',
                'createtalk',
                'delete',
                'deletedhistory',
                'edit',
                'editinterface',
                'editusercssjs',
                'import',
                'importupload',
                'ipblock-exempt',
                'markbotedits',
                'minoredit',
                'move',
                'nominornewtalk',
                'noratelimit',
                'patrol',
                'protect',
                'proxyunbannable',
                'purge',
                'read',
                'reupload',
                'reupload-shared',
                'rollback',
                'siteadmin',
                'suppressredirect',
                'trackback',
                'undelete',
                'unwatchedpages',
                'upload',
                'upload_by_url',
                'userrights',
        );
        /**
         * \type{\string} Cached results of getAllRights()
         */
        static $mAllRights = false;

        /** @name Cache variables */
        //@{
        var $mId, $mName, $mRealName, $mPassword, $mNewpassword, $mNewpassTime,
                $mEmail, $mOptions, $mTouched, $mToken, $mEmailAuthenticated,
                $mEmailToken, $mEmailTokenExpires, $mRegistration, $mGroups;
        //@}

        /**
         * \type{\bool} Whether the cache variables have been loaded.
         */
        var $mDataLoaded;

        /**
         * \type{\string} Initialization data source if mDataLoaded==false. May be one of:
         *  - 'defaults'   anonymous user initialised from class defaults
         *  - 'name'       initialise from mName
         *  - 'id'         initialise from mId
         *  - 'session'    log in from cookies or session if possible
         *
         * Use the User::newFrom*() family of functions to set this.
         */
        var $mFrom;

        /** @name Lazy-initialized variables, invalidated with clearInstanceCache */
        //@{
        var $mNewtalk, $mDatePreference, $mBlockedby, $mHash, $mSkin, $mRights,
                $mBlockreason, $mBlock, $mEffectiveGroups;
        //@}

        /**
         * Lightweight constructor for an anonymous user.
         * Use the User::newFrom* factory functions for other kinds of users.
         * 
         * @see newFromName()
         * @see newFromId()
         * @see newFromConfirmationCode()
         * @see newFromSession()
         * @see newFromRow()
         */
        function User() {
                $this->clearInstanceCache( 'defaults' );
        }

        /**
         * Load the user table data for this object from the source given by mFrom.
         */
        function load() {
                if ( $this->mDataLoaded ) {
                        return;
                }
                wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );

                # Set it now to avoid infinite recursion in accessors
                $this->mDataLoaded = true;

                switch ( $this->mFrom ) {
                        case 'defaults':
                                $this->loadDefaults();
                                break;
                        case 'name':
                                $this->mId = self::idFromName( $this->mName );
                                if ( !$this->mId ) {
                                        # Nonexistent user placeholder object
                                        $this->loadDefaults( $this->mName );
                                } else {
                                        $this->loadFromId();
                                }
                                break;
                        case 'id':
                                $this->loadFromId();
                                break;
                        case 'session':
                                $this->loadFromSession();
                                break;
                        default:
                                throw new MWException( "Unrecognised value for User->mFrom: \"{$this->mFrom}\"" );
                }
                wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
        }

        /**
         * Load user table data, given mId has already been set.
         * @return \type{\bool} false if the ID does not exist, true otherwise
         * @private
         */
        function loadFromId() {
                global $wgMemc;
                if ( $this->mId == 0 ) {
                        $this->loadDefaults();
                        return false;
                }

                # Try cache
                $key = wfMemcKey( 'user', 'id', $this->mId );
                $data = $wgMemc->get( $key );
                if ( !is_array( $data ) || $data['mVersion'] < MW_USER_VERSION ) {
                        # Object is expired, load from DB
                        $data = false;
                }

                if ( !$data ) {
                        wfDebug( "Cache miss for user {$this->mId}\n" );
                        # Load from DB
                        if ( !$this->loadFromDatabase() ) {
                                # Can't load from ID, user is anonymous
                                return false;
                        }
                        $this->saveToCache();
                } else {
                        wfDebug( "Got user {$this->mId} from cache\n" );
                        # Restore from cache
                        foreach ( self::$mCacheVars as $name ) {
                                $this->$name = $data[$name];
                        }
                }
                return true;
        }

        /**
         * Save user data to the shared cache
         */
        function saveToCache() {
                $this->load();
                $this->loadGroups();
                if ( $this->isAnon() ) {
                        // Anonymous users are uncached
                        return;
                }
                $data = array();
                foreach ( self::$mCacheVars as $name ) {
                        $data[$name] = $this->$name;
                }
                $data['mVersion'] = MW_USER_VERSION;
                $key = wfMemcKey( 'user', 'id', $this->mId );
                global $wgMemc;
                $wgMemc->set( $key, $data );
        }
        
        
        /** @name newFrom*() static factory methods */
        //@{

        /**
         * Static factory method for creation from username.
         *
         * This is slightly less efficient than newFromId(), so use newFromId() if
         * you have both an ID and a name handy.
         *
         * @param $name \type{\string} Username, validated by Title::newFromText()
         * @param $validate \type{\mixed} Validate username. Takes the same parameters as
         *    User::getCanonicalName(), except that true is accepted as an alias
         *    for 'valid', for BC.
         *
         * @return \type{User} The User object, or null if the username is invalid. If the 
         *    username is not present in the database, the result will be a user object 
         *    with a name, zero user ID and default settings.
         */
        static function newFromName( $name, $validate = 'valid' ) {
                if ( $validate === true ) {
                        $validate = 'valid';
                }
                $name = self::getCanonicalName( $name, $validate );
                if ( $name === false ) {
                        return null;
                } else {
                        # Create unloaded user object
                        $u = new User;
                        $u->mName = $name;
                        $u->mFrom = 'name';
                        return $u;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Static factory method for creation from a given user ID.
         *
         * @param $id \type{\int} Valid user ID
         * @return \type{User} The corresponding User object
         */
        static function newFromId( $id ) {
                $u = new User;
                $u->mId = $id;
                $u->mFrom = 'id';
                return $u;
        }

        /**
         * Factory method to fetch whichever user has a given email confirmation code.
         * This code is generated when an account is created or its e-mail address
         * has changed.
         *
         * If the code is invalid or has expired, returns NULL.
         *
         * @param $code \type{\string} Confirmation code
         * @return \type{User}
         */
        static function newFromConfirmationCode( $code ) {
                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                $id = $dbr->selectField( 'user', 'user_id', array(
                        'user_email_token' => md5( $code ),
                        'user_email_token_expires > ' . $dbr->addQuotes( $dbr->timestamp() ),
                        ) );
                if( $id !== false ) {
                        return User::newFromId( $id );
                } else {
                        return null;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Create a new user object using data from session or cookies. If the
         * login credentials are invalid, the result is an anonymous user.
         *
         * @return \type{User}
         */
        static function newFromSession() {
                $user = new User;
                $user->mFrom = 'session';
                return $user;
        }

        /**
         * Create a new user object from a user row.
         * The row should have all fields from the user table in it.
         * @param $row array A row from the user table
         * @return \type{User}
         */
        static function newFromRow( $row ) {
                $user = new User;
                $user->loadFromRow( $row );
                return $user;
        }
        
        //@}
        

        /**
         * Get the username corresponding to a given user ID
         * @param $id \type{\int} %User ID
         * @return \type{\string} The corresponding username
         */
        static function whoIs( $id ) {
                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                return $dbr->selectField( 'user', 'user_name', array( 'user_id' => $id ), 'User::whoIs' );
        }

        /**
         * Get the real name of a user given their user ID
         *
         * @param $id \type{\int} %User ID
         * @return \type{\string} The corresponding user's real name
         */
        static function whoIsReal( $id ) {
                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                return $dbr->selectField( 'user', 'user_real_name', array( 'user_id' => $id ), __METHOD__ );
        }

        /**
         * Get database id given a user name
         * @param $name \type{\string} Username
         * @return \twotypes{\int,\null} The corresponding user's ID, or null if user is nonexistent
         * @static
         */
        static function idFromName( $name ) {
                $nt = Title::newFromText( $name );
                if( is_null( $nt ) ) {
                        # Illegal name
                        return null;
                }
                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                $s = $dbr->selectRow( 'user', array( 'user_id' ), array( 'user_name' => $nt->getText() ), __METHOD__ );

                if ( $s === false ) {
                        return 0;
                } else {
                        return $s->user_id;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Does the string match an anonymous IPv4 address?
         *
         * This function exists for username validation, in order to reject
         * usernames which are similar in form to IP addresses. Strings such
         * as 300.300.300.300 will return true because it looks like an IP
         * address, despite not being strictly valid.
         *
         * We match \d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.xxx as an anonymous IP
         * address because the usemod software would "cloak" anonymous IP
         * addresses like this, if we allowed accounts like this to be created
         * new users could get the old edits of these anonymous users.
         *
         * @param $name \type{\string} String to match
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        static function isIP( $name ) {
                return preg_match('/^\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.(?:xxx|\d{1,3})$/',$name) || IP::isIPv6($name);
        }

        /**
         * Is the input a valid username?
         *
         * Checks if the input is a valid username, we don't want an empty string,
         * an IP address, anything that containins slashes (would mess up subpages),
         * is longer than the maximum allowed username size or doesn't begin with
         * a capital letter.
         *
         * @param $name \type{\string} String to match
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        static function isValidUserName( $name ) {
                global $wgContLang, $wgMaxNameChars;

                if ( $name == ''
                || User::isIP( $name )
                || strpos( $name, '/' ) !== false
                || strlen( $name ) > $wgMaxNameChars
                || $name != $wgContLang->ucfirst( $name ) ) {
                        wfDebugLog( 'username', __METHOD__ .
                                ": '$name' invalid due to empty, IP, slash, length, or lowercase" );
                        return false;
                }

                // Ensure that the name can't be misresolved as a different title,
                // such as with extra namespace keys at the start.
                $parsed = Title::newFromText( $name );
                if( is_null( $parsed )
                        || $parsed->getNamespace()
                        || strcmp( $name, $parsed->getPrefixedText() ) ) {
                        wfDebugLog( 'username', __METHOD__ .
                                ": '$name' invalid due to ambiguous prefixes" );
                        return false;
                }

                // Check an additional blacklist of troublemaker characters.
                // Should these be merged into the title char list?
                $unicodeBlacklist = '/[' .
                        '\x{0080}-\x{009f}' . # iso-8859-1 control chars
                        '\x{00a0}' .          # non-breaking space
                        '\x{2000}-\x{200f}' . # various whitespace
                        '\x{2028}-\x{202f}' . # breaks and control chars
                        '\x{3000}' .          # ideographic space
                        '\x{e000}-\x{f8ff}' . # private use
                        ']/u';
                if( preg_match( $unicodeBlacklist, $name ) ) {
                        wfDebugLog( 'username', __METHOD__ .
                                ": '$name' invalid due to blacklisted characters" );
                        return false;
                }

                return true;
        }

        /**
         * Usernames which fail to pass this function will be blocked
         * from user login and new account registrations, but may be used
         * internally by batch processes.
         *
         * If an account already exists in this form, login will be blocked
         * by a failure to pass this function.
         *
         * @param $name \type{\string} String to match
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        static function isUsableName( $name ) {
                global $wgReservedUsernames;
                // Must be a valid username, obviously ;)
                if ( !self::isValidUserName( $name ) ) {
                        return false;
                }

                static $reservedUsernames = false;
                if ( !$reservedUsernames ) {
                        $reservedUsernames = $wgReservedUsernames;
                        wfRunHooks( 'UserGetReservedNames', array( &$reservedUsernames ) );
                }

                // Certain names may be reserved for batch processes.
                foreach ( $reservedUsernames as $reserved ) {
                        if ( substr( $reserved, 0, 4 ) == 'msg:' ) {
                                $reserved = wfMsgForContent( substr( $reserved, 4 ) );
                        }
                        if ( $reserved == $name ) {
                                return false;
                        }
                }
                return true;
        }

        /**
         * Usernames which fail to pass this function will be blocked
         * from new account registrations, but may be used internally
         * either by batch processes or by user accounts which have
         * already been created.
         *
         * Additional character blacklisting may be added here
         * rather than in isValidUserName() to avoid disrupting
         * existing accounts.
         *
         * @param $name \type{\string} String to match
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        static function isCreatableName( $name ) {
                return
                        self::isUsableName( $name ) &&

                        // Registration-time character blacklisting...
                        strpos( $name, '@' ) === false;
        }

        /**
         * Is the input a valid password for this user?
         *
         * @param $password \type{\string} Desired password
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        function isValidPassword( $password ) {
                global $wgMinimalPasswordLength, $wgContLang;

                $result = null;
                if( !wfRunHooks( 'isValidPassword', array( $password, &$result, $this ) ) )
                        return $result;
                if( $result === false )
                        return false;

                // Password needs to be long enough, and can't be the same as the username
                return strlen( $password ) >= $wgMinimalPasswordLength
                        && $wgContLang->lc( $password ) !== $wgContLang->lc( $this->mName );
        }

        /**
         * Does a string look like an e-mail address?
         *
         * There used to be a regular expression here, it got removed because it
         * rejected valid addresses. Actually just check if there is '@' somewhere
         * in the given address.
         *
         * @todo Check for RFC 2822 compilance (bug 959)
         *
         * @param $addr \type{\string} E-mail address
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        public static function isValidEmailAddr( $addr ) {
                $result = null;
                if( !wfRunHooks( 'isValidEmailAddr', array( $addr, &$result ) ) ) {
                        return $result;
                }

                return strpos( $addr, '@' ) !== false;
        }

        /**
         * Given unvalidated user input, return a canonical username, or false if
         * the username is invalid.
         * @param $name \type{\string} User input
         * @param $validate \twotypes{\string,\bool} Type of validation to use:
         *                - false        No validation
         *                - 'valid'      Valid for batch processes
         *                - 'usable'     Valid for batch processes and login
         *                - 'creatable'  Valid for batch processes, login and account creation
         */
        static function getCanonicalName( $name, $validate = 'valid' ) {
                # Force usernames to capital
                global $wgContLang;
                $name = $wgContLang->ucfirst( $name );

                # Reject names containing '#'; these will be cleaned up
                # with title normalisation, but then it's too late to
                # check elsewhere
                if( strpos( $name, '#' ) !== false )
                        return false;

                # Clean up name according to title rules
                $t = Title::newFromText( $name );
                if( is_null( $t ) ) {
                        return false;
                }

                # Reject various classes of invalid names
                $name = $t->getText();
                global $wgAuth;
                $name = $wgAuth->getCanonicalName( $t->getText() );

                switch ( $validate ) {
                        case false:
                                break;
                        case 'valid':
                                if ( !User::isValidUserName( $name ) ) {
                                        $name = false;
                                }
                                break;
                        case 'usable':
                                if ( !User::isUsableName( $name ) ) {
                                        $name = false;
                                }
                                break;
                        case 'creatable':
                                if ( !User::isCreatableName( $name ) ) {
                                        $name = false;
                                }
                                break;
                        default:
                                throw new MWException( 'Invalid parameter value for $validate in '.__METHOD__ );
                }
                return $name;
        }

        /**
         * Count the number of edits of a user
         * @todo It should not be static and some day should be merged as proper member function / deprecated -- domas
         *
         * @param $uid \type{\int} %User ID to check
         * @return \type{\int} The user's edit count
         */
        static function edits( $uid ) {
                wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );
                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                // check if the user_editcount field has been initialized
                $field = $dbr->selectField(
                        'user', 'user_editcount',
                        array( 'user_id' => $uid ),
                        __METHOD__
                );

                if( $field === null ) { // it has not been initialized. do so.
                        $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                        $count = $dbr->selectField(
                                'revision', 'count(*)',
                                array( 'rev_user' => $uid ),
                                __METHOD__
                        );
                        $dbw->update(
                                'user',
                                array( 'user_editcount' => $count ),
                                array( 'user_id' => $uid ),
                                __METHOD__
                        );
                } else {
                        $count = $field;
                }
                wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
                return $count;
        }

        /**
         * Return a random password. Sourced from mt_rand, so it's not particularly secure.
         * @todo hash random numbers to improve security, like generateToken()
         *
         * @return \type{\string} New random password
         */
        static function randomPassword() {
                global $wgMinimalPasswordLength;
                $pwchars = 'ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz';
                $l = strlen( $pwchars ) - 1;

                $pwlength = max( 7, $wgMinimalPasswordLength );
                $digit = mt_rand(0, $pwlength - 1);
                $np = '';
                for ( $i = 0; $i < $pwlength; $i++ ) {
                        $np .= $i == $digit ? chr( mt_rand(48, 57) ) : $pwchars{ mt_rand(0, $l)};
                }
                return $np;
        }

        /**
         * Set cached properties to default. 
         *
         * @note This no longer clears uncached lazy-initialised properties; 
         *       the constructor does that instead.
         * @private
         */
        function loadDefaults( $name = false ) {
                wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );

                global $wgCookiePrefix;

                $this->mId = 0;
                $this->mName = $name;
                $this->mRealName = '';
                $this->mPassword = $this->mNewpassword = '';
                $this->mNewpassTime = null;
                $this->mEmail = '';
                $this->mOptions = null; # Defer init

                if ( isset( $_COOKIE[$wgCookiePrefix.'LoggedOut'] ) ) {
                        $this->mTouched = wfTimestamp( TS_MW, $_COOKIE[$wgCookiePrefix.'LoggedOut'] );
                } else {
                        $this->mTouched = '0'; # Allow any pages to be cached
                }

                $this->setToken(); # Random
                $this->mEmailAuthenticated = null;
                $this->mEmailToken = '';
                $this->mEmailTokenExpires = null;
                $this->mRegistration = wfTimestamp( TS_MW );
                $this->mGroups = array();

                wfRunHooks( 'UserLoadDefaults', array( $this, $name ) );

                wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
        }

        /**
         * @deprecated Use wfSetupSession().
         */
        function SetupSession() {
                wfDeprecated( __METHOD__ );
                wfSetupSession();
        }

        /**
         * Load user data from the session or login cookie. If there are no valid
         * credentials, initialises the user as an anonymous user.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if the user is logged in, false otherwise.
         */
        private function loadFromSession() {
                global $wgMemc, $wgCookiePrefix;

                $result = null;
                wfRunHooks( 'UserLoadFromSession', array( $this, &$result ) );
                if ( $result !== null ) {
                        return $result;
                }

                if ( isset( $_SESSION['wsUserID'] ) ) {
                        if ( 0 != $_SESSION['wsUserID'] ) {
                                $sId = $_SESSION['wsUserID'];
                        } else {
                                $this->loadDefaults();
                                return false;
                        }
                } else if ( isset( $_COOKIE["{$wgCookiePrefix}UserID"] ) ) {
                        $sId = intval( $_COOKIE["{$wgCookiePrefix}UserID"] );
                        $_SESSION['wsUserID'] = $sId;
                } else {
                        $this->loadDefaults();
                        return false;
                }
                if ( isset( $_SESSION['wsUserName'] ) ) {
                        $sName = $_SESSION['wsUserName'];
                } else if ( isset( $_COOKIE["{$wgCookiePrefix}UserName"] ) ) {
                        $sName = $_COOKIE["{$wgCookiePrefix}UserName"];
                        $_SESSION['wsUserName'] = $sName;
                } else {
                        $this->loadDefaults();
                        return false;
                }

                $passwordCorrect = FALSE;
                $this->mId = $sId;
                if ( !$this->loadFromId() ) {
                        # Not a valid ID, loadFromId has switched the object to anon for us
                        return false;
                }

                if ( isset( $_SESSION['wsToken'] ) ) {
                        $passwordCorrect = $_SESSION['wsToken'] == $this->mToken;
                        $from = 'session';
                } else if ( isset( $_COOKIE["{$wgCookiePrefix}Token"] ) ) {
                        $passwordCorrect = $this->mToken == $_COOKIE["{$wgCookiePrefix}Token"];
                        $from = 'cookie';
                } else {
                        # No session or persistent login cookie
                        $this->loadDefaults();
                        return false;
                }

                if ( ( $sName == $this->mName ) && $passwordCorrect ) {
                        $_SESSION['wsToken'] = $this->mToken;
                        wfDebug( "Logged in from $from\n" );
                        return true;
                } else {
                        # Invalid credentials
                        wfDebug( "Can't log in from $from, invalid credentials\n" );
                        $this->loadDefaults();
                        return false;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Load user and user_group data from the database.
         * $this::mId must be set, this is how the user is identified.
         *
         * @return \type{\bool} True if the user exists, false if the user is anonymous
         * @private
         */
        function loadFromDatabase() {
                # Paranoia
                $this->mId = intval( $this->mId );

                /** Anonymous user */
                if( !$this->mId ) {
                        $this->loadDefaults();
                        return false;
                }

                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                $s = $dbr->selectRow( 'user', '*', array( 'user_id' => $this->mId ), __METHOD__ );

                if ( $s !== false ) {
                        # Initialise user table data
                        $this->loadFromRow( $s );
                        $this->mGroups = null; // deferred
                        $this->getEditCount(); // revalidation for nulls
                        return true;
                } else {
                        # Invalid user_id
                        $this->mId = 0;
                        $this->loadDefaults();
                        return false;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Initialize this object from a row from the user table.
         *
         * @param $row \type{\arrayof{\mixed}} Row from the user table to load.
         */
        function loadFromRow( $row ) {
                $this->mDataLoaded = true;

                if ( isset( $row->user_id ) ) {
                        $this->mId = $row->user_id;
                }
                $this->mName = $row->user_name;
                $this->mRealName = $row->user_real_name;
                $this->mPassword = $row->user_password;
                $this->mNewpassword = $row->user_newpassword;
                $this->mNewpassTime = wfTimestampOrNull( TS_MW, $row->user_newpass_time );
                $this->mEmail = $row->user_email;
                $this->decodeOptions( $row->user_options );
                $this->mTouched = wfTimestamp(TS_MW,$row->user_touched);
                $this->mToken = $row->user_token;
                $this->mEmailAuthenticated = wfTimestampOrNull( TS_MW, $row->user_email_authenticated );
                $this->mEmailToken = $row->user_email_token;
                $this->mEmailTokenExpires = wfTimestampOrNull( TS_MW, $row->user_email_token_expires );
                $this->mRegistration = wfTimestampOrNull( TS_MW, $row->user_registration );
                $this->mEditCount = $row->user_editcount; 
        }

        /**
         * Load the groups from the database if they aren't already loaded.
         * @private
         */
        function loadGroups() {
                if ( is_null( $this->mGroups ) ) {
                        $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                        $res = $dbr->select( 'user_groups',
                                array( 'ug_group' ),
                                array( 'ug_user' => $this->mId ),
                                __METHOD__ );
                        $this->mGroups = array();
                        while( $row = $dbr->fetchObject( $res ) ) {
                                $this->mGroups[] = $row->ug_group;
                        }
                }
        }

        /**
         * Clear various cached data stored in this object.
         * @param $reloadFrom \type{\string} Reload user and user_groups table data from a
         *   given source. May be "name", "id", "defaults", "session", or false for
         *   no reload.
         */
        function clearInstanceCache( $reloadFrom = false ) {
                $this->mNewtalk = -1;
                $this->mDatePreference = null;
                $this->mBlockedby = -1; # Unset
                $this->mHash = false;
                $this->mSkin = null;
                $this->mRights = null;
                $this->mEffectiveGroups = null;

                if ( $reloadFrom ) {
                        $this->mDataLoaded = false;
                        $this->mFrom = $reloadFrom;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Combine the language default options with any site-specific options
         * and add the default language variants.
         *
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of options
         */
        static function getDefaultOptions() {
                global $wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault;
                /**
                 * Site defaults will override the global/language defaults
                 */
                global $wgDefaultUserOptions, $wgContLang;
                $defOpt = $wgDefaultUserOptions + $wgContLang->getDefaultUserOptionOverrides();

                /**
                 * default language setting
                 */
                $variant = $wgContLang->getPreferredVariant( false );
                $defOpt['variant'] = $variant;
                $defOpt['language'] = $variant;

                foreach( $wgNamespacesToBeSearchedDefault as $nsnum => $val ) {
                        $defOpt['searchNs'.$nsnum] = $val;
                }
                return $defOpt;
        }

        /**
         * Get a given default option value.
         *
         * @param $opt \type{\string} Name of option to retrieve
         * @return \type{\string} Default option value
         */
        public static function getDefaultOption( $opt ) {
                $defOpts = self::getDefaultOptions();
                if( isset( $defOpts[$opt] ) ) {
                        return $defOpts[$opt];
                } else {
                        return '';
                }
        }

        /**
         * Get a list of user toggle names
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of user toggle names
         */
        static function getToggles() {
                global $wgContLang;
                $extraToggles = array();
                wfRunHooks( 'UserToggles', array( &$extraToggles ) );
                return array_merge( self::$mToggles, $extraToggles, $wgContLang->getExtraUserToggles() );
        }


        /**
         * Get blocking information
         * @private
         * @param $bFromSlave \type{\bool} Whether to check the slave database first. To
         *                    improve performance, non-critical checks are done
         *                    against slaves. Check when actually saving should be
         *                    done against master.
         */
        function getBlockedStatus( $bFromSlave = true ) {
                global $wgEnableSorbs, $wgProxyWhitelist;

                if ( -1 != $this->mBlockedby ) {
                        wfDebug( "User::getBlockedStatus: already loaded.\n" );
                        return;
                }

                wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );
                wfDebug( __METHOD__.": checking...\n" );

                // Initialize data...
                // Otherwise something ends up stomping on $this->mBlockedby when
                // things get lazy-loaded later, causing false positive block hits
                // due to -1 !== 0. Probably session-related... Nothing should be
                // overwriting mBlockedby, surely?
                $this->load();
                
                $this->mBlockedby = 0;
                $this->mHideName = 0;
                $ip = wfGetIP();

                if ($this->isAllowed( 'ipblock-exempt' ) ) {
                        # Exempt from all types of IP-block
                        $ip = '';
                }

                # User/IP blocking
                $this->mBlock = new Block();
                $this->mBlock->fromMaster( !$bFromSlave );
                if ( $this->mBlock->load( $ip , $this->mId ) ) {
                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": Found block.\n" );
                        $this->mBlockedby = $this->mBlock->mBy;
                        $this->mBlockreason = $this->mBlock->mReason;
                        $this->mHideName = $this->mBlock->mHideName;
                        if ( $this->isLoggedIn() ) {
                                $this->spreadBlock();
                        }
                } else {
                        $this->mBlock = null;
                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": No block.\n" );
                }

                # Proxy blocking
                if ( !$this->isAllowed('proxyunbannable') && !in_array( $ip, $wgProxyWhitelist ) ) {
                        # Local list
                        if ( wfIsLocallyBlockedProxy( $ip ) ) {
                                $this->mBlockedby = wfMsg( 'proxyblocker' );
                                $this->mBlockreason = wfMsg( 'proxyblockreason' );
                        }

                        # DNSBL
                        if ( !$this->mBlockedby && $wgEnableSorbs && !$this->getID() ) {
                                if ( $this->inSorbsBlacklist( $ip ) ) {
                                        $this->mBlockedby = wfMsg( 'sorbs' );
                                        $this->mBlockreason = wfMsg( 'sorbsreason' );
                                }
                        }
                }

                # Extensions
                wfRunHooks( 'GetBlockedStatus', array( &$this ) );

                wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
        }

        /**
         * Whether the given IP is in the SORBS blacklist.
         *
         * @param $ip \type{\string} IP to check
         * @return \type{\bool} True if blacklisted
         */
        function inSorbsBlacklist( $ip ) {
                global $wgEnableSorbs, $wgSorbsUrl;

                return $wgEnableSorbs &&
                        $this->inDnsBlacklist( $ip, $wgSorbsUrl );
        }

        /**
         * Whether the given IP is in a given DNS blacklist.
         *
         * @param $ip \type{\string} IP to check
         * @param $base \type{\string} URL of the DNS blacklist
         * @return \type{\bool} True if blacklisted
         */
        function inDnsBlacklist( $ip, $base ) {
                wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );

                $found = false;
                $host = '';
                // FIXME: IPv6 ???
                $m = array();
                if ( preg_match( '/^(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})$/', $ip, $m ) ) {
                        # Make hostname
                        for ( $i=4; $i>=1; $i-- ) {
                                $host .= $m[$i] . '.';
                        }
                        $host .= $base;

                        # Send query
                        $ipList = gethostbynamel( $host );

                        if ( $ipList ) {
                                wfDebug( "Hostname $host is {$ipList[0]}, it's a proxy says $base!\n" );
                                $found = true;
                        } else {
                                wfDebug( "Requested $host, not found in $base.\n" );
                        }
                }

                wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
                return $found;
        }

        /**
         * Is this user subject to rate limiting?
         *
         * @return \type{\bool} True if rate limited
         */
        public function isPingLimitable() {
                global $wgRateLimitsExcludedGroups;
                if( array_intersect( $this->getEffectiveGroups(), $wgRateLimitsExcludedGroups ) ) {
                        // Deprecated, but kept for backwards-compatibility config
                        return false;
                }
                return !$this->isAllowed('noratelimit');
        }

        /**
         * Primitive rate limits: enforce maximum actions per time period
         * to put a brake on flooding.
         *
         * @note When using a shared cache like memcached, IP-address
         * last-hit counters will be shared across wikis.
         *
         * @param $action \type{\string} Action to enforce; 'edit' if unspecified
         * @return \type{\bool} True if a rate limiter was tripped
         */
        function pingLimiter( $action='edit' ) {

                # Call the 'PingLimiter' hook
                $result = false;
                if( !wfRunHooks( 'PingLimiter', array( &$this, $action, $result ) ) ) {
                        return $result;
                }

                global $wgRateLimits;
                if( !isset( $wgRateLimits[$action] ) ) {
                        return false;
                }

                # Some groups shouldn't trigger the ping limiter, ever
                if( !$this->isPingLimitable() )
                        return false;

                global $wgMemc, $wgRateLimitLog;
                wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );

                $limits = $wgRateLimits[$action];
                $keys = array();
                $id = $this->getId();
                $ip = wfGetIP();
                $userLimit = false;

                if( isset( $limits['anon'] ) && $id == 0 ) {
                        $keys[wfMemcKey( 'limiter', $action, 'anon' )] = $limits['anon'];
                }

                if( isset( $limits['user'] ) && $id != 0 ) {
                        $userLimit = $limits['user'];
                }
                if( $this->isNewbie() ) {
                        if( isset( $limits['newbie'] ) && $id != 0 ) {
                                $keys[wfMemcKey( 'limiter', $action, 'user', $id )] = $limits['newbie'];
                        }
                        if( isset( $limits['ip'] ) ) {
                                $keys["mediawiki:limiter:$action:ip:$ip"] = $limits['ip'];
                        }
                        $matches = array();
                        if( isset( $limits['subnet'] ) && preg_match( '/^(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)\.\d+$/', $ip, $matches ) ) {
                                $subnet = $matches[1];
                                $keys["mediawiki:limiter:$action:subnet:$subnet"] = $limits['subnet'];
                        }
                }
                // Check for group-specific permissions
                // If more than one group applies, use the group with the highest limit
                foreach ( $this->getGroups() as $group ) {
                        if ( isset( $limits[$group] ) ) {
                                if ( $userLimit === false || $limits[$group] > $userLimit ) {
                                        $userLimit = $limits[$group];
                                }
                        }
                }
                // Set the user limit key
                if ( $userLimit !== false ) {
                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": effective user limit: $userLimit\n" );
                        $keys[ wfMemcKey( 'limiter', $action, 'user', $id ) ] = $userLimit;
                }

                $triggered = false;
                foreach( $keys as $key => $limit ) {
                        list( $max, $period ) = $limit;
                        $summary = "(limit $max in {$period}s)";
                        $count = $wgMemc->get( $key );
                        if( $count ) {
                                if( $count > $max ) {
                                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": tripped! $key at $count $summary\n" );
                                        if( $wgRateLimitLog ) {
                                                @error_log( wfTimestamp( TS_MW ) . ' ' . wfWikiID() . ': ' . $this->getName() . " tripped $key at $count $summary\n", 3, $wgRateLimitLog );
                                        }
                                        $triggered = true;
                                } else {
                                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": ok. $key at $count $summary\n" );
                                }
                        } else {
                                wfDebug( __METHOD__.": adding record for $key $summary\n" );
                                $wgMemc->add( $key, 1, intval( $period ) );
                        }
                        $wgMemc->incr( $key );
                }

                wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
                return $triggered;
        }

        /**
         * Check if user is blocked
         * 
         * @param $bFromSlave \type{\bool} Whether to check the slave database instead of the master
         * @return \type{\bool} True if blocked, false otherwise
         */
        function isBlocked( $bFromSlave = true ) { // hacked from false due to horrible probs on site
                wfDebug( "User::isBlocked: enter\n" );
                $this->getBlockedStatus( $bFromSlave );
                return $this->mBlockedby !== 0;
        }

        /**
         * Check if user is blocked from editing a particular article
         * 
         * @param $title      \type{\string} Title to check
         * @param $bFromSlave \type{\bool}   Whether to check the slave database instead of the master
         * @return \type{\bool} True if blocked, false otherwise
         */
        function isBlockedFrom( $title, $bFromSlave = false ) {
                global $wgBlockAllowsUTEdit;
                wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );
                wfDebug( __METHOD__.": enter\n" );

                wfDebug( __METHOD__.": asking isBlocked()\n" );
                $blocked = $this->isBlocked( $bFromSlave );
                # If a user's name is suppressed, they cannot make edits anywhere
                if ( !$this->mHideName && $wgBlockAllowsUTEdit && $title->getText() === $this->getName() &&
                  $title->getNamespace() == NS_USER_TALK ) {
                        $blocked = false;
                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": self-talk page, ignoring any blocks\n" );
                }
                wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
                return $blocked;
        }

        /**
         * If user is blocked, return the name of the user who placed the block
         * @return \type{\string} name of blocker
         */
        function blockedBy() {
                $this->getBlockedStatus();
                return $this->mBlockedby;
        }

        /**
         * If user is blocked, return the specified reason for the block
         * @return \type{\string} Blocking reason
         */
        function blockedFor() {
                $this->getBlockedStatus();
                return $this->mBlockreason;
        }

        /**
         * Get the user's ID.
         * @return \type{\int} The user's ID; 0 if the user is anonymous or nonexistent
         */
        function getId() {
                if( $this->mId === null and $this->mName !== null
                and User::isIP( $this->mName ) ) {
                        // Special case, we know the user is anonymous
                        return 0;
                } elseif( $this->mId === null ) {
                        // Don't load if this was initialized from an ID
                        $this->load();
                }
                return $this->mId;
        }

        /**
         * Set the user and reload all fields according to a given ID
         * @param $v \type{\int} %User ID to reload
         */
        function setId( $v ) {
                $this->mId = $v;
                $this->clearInstanceCache( 'id' );
        }

        /**
         * Get the user name, or the IP of an anonymous user
         * @return \type{\string} User's name or IP address
         */
        function getName() {
                if ( !$this->mDataLoaded && $this->mFrom == 'name' ) {
                        # Special case optimisation
                        return $this->mName;
                } else {
                        $this->load();
                        if ( $this->mName === false ) {
                                # Clean up IPs
                                $this->mName = IP::sanitizeIP( wfGetIP() );
                        }
                        return $this->mName;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Set the user name.
         *
         * This does not reload fields from the database according to the given
         * name. Rather, it is used to create a temporary "nonexistent user" for
         * later addition to the database. It can also be used to set the IP
         * address for an anonymous user to something other than the current
         * remote IP.
         *
         * @note User::newFromName() has rougly the same function, when the named user
         * does not exist.
         * @param $str \type{\string} New user name to set
         */
        function setName( $str ) {
                $this->load();
                $this->mName = $str;
        }

        /**
         * Get the user's name escaped by underscores.
         * @return \type{\string} Username escaped by underscores
         */
        function getTitleKey() {
                return str_replace( ' ', '_', $this->getName() );
        }

        /**
         * Check if the user has new messages.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if the user has new messages
         */
        function getNewtalk() {
                $this->load();

                # Load the newtalk status if it is unloaded (mNewtalk=-1)
                if( $this->mNewtalk === -1 ) {
                        $this->mNewtalk = false; # reset talk page status

                        # Check memcached separately for anons, who have no
                        # entire User object stored in there.
                        if( !$this->mId ) {
                                global $wgMemc;
                                $key = wfMemcKey( 'newtalk', 'ip', $this->getName() );
                                $newtalk = $wgMemc->get( $key );
                                if( strval( $newtalk ) !== '' ) {
                                        $this->mNewtalk = (bool)$newtalk;
                                } else {
                                        // Since we are caching this, make sure it is up to date by getting it
                                        // from the master
                                        $this->mNewtalk = $this->checkNewtalk( 'user_ip', $this->getName(), true );
                                        $wgMemc->set( $key, (int)$this->mNewtalk, 1800 );
                                }
                        } else {
                                $this->mNewtalk = $this->checkNewtalk( 'user_id', $this->mId );
                        }
                }

                return (bool)$this->mNewtalk;
        }

        /**
         * Return the talk page(s) this user has new messages on.
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of page URLs
         */
        function getNewMessageLinks() {
                $talks = array();
                if (!wfRunHooks('UserRetrieveNewTalks', array(&$this, &$talks)))
                        return $talks;

                if (!$this->getNewtalk())
                        return array();
                $up = $this->getUserPage();
                $utp = $up->getTalkPage();
                return array(array("wiki" => wfWikiID(), "link" => $utp->getLocalURL()));
        }


        /**
         * Internal uncached check for new messages
         *
         * @see getNewtalk()
         * @param $field \type{\string} 'user_ip' for anonymous users, 'user_id' otherwise
         * @param $id \twotypes{\string,\int} User's IP address for anonymous users, %User ID otherwise
         * @param $fromMaster \type{\bool} true to fetch from the master, false for a slave
         * @return \type{\bool} True if the user has new messages
         * @private
         */
        function checkNewtalk( $field, $id, $fromMaster = false ) {
                if ( $fromMaster ) {
                        $db = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                } else {
                        $db = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                }
                $ok = $db->selectField( 'user_newtalk', $field,
                        array( $field => $id ), __METHOD__ );
                return $ok !== false;
        }

        /**
         * Add or update the new messages flag
         * @param $field \type{\string} 'user_ip' for anonymous users, 'user_id' otherwise
         * @param $id \twotypes{string,\int} User's IP address for anonymous users, %User ID otherwise
         * @return \type{\bool} True if successful, false otherwise
         * @private
         */
        function updateNewtalk( $field, $id ) {
                $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                $dbw->insert( 'user_newtalk',
                        array( $field => $id ),
                        __METHOD__,
                        'IGNORE' );
                if ( $dbw->affectedRows() ) {
                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": set on ($field, $id)\n" );
                        return true;
                } else {
                        wfDebug( __METHOD__." already set ($field, $id)\n" );
                        return false;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Clear the new messages flag for the given user
         * @param $field \type{\string} 'user_ip' for anonymous users, 'user_id' otherwise
         * @param $id \twotypes{\string,\int} User's IP address for anonymous users, %User ID otherwise
         * @return \type{\bool} True if successful, false otherwise
         * @private
         */
        function deleteNewtalk( $field, $id ) {
                $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                $dbw->delete( 'user_newtalk',
                        array( $field => $id ),
                        __METHOD__ );
                if ( $dbw->affectedRows() ) {
                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": killed on ($field, $id)\n" );
                        return true;
                } else {
                        wfDebug( __METHOD__.": already gone ($field, $id)\n" );
                        return false;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Update the 'You have new messages!' status.
         * @param $val \type{\bool} Whether the user has new messages
         */
        function setNewtalk( $val ) {
                if( wfReadOnly() ) {
                        return;
                }

                $this->load();
                $this->mNewtalk = $val;

                if( $this->isAnon() ) {
                        $field = 'user_ip';
                        $id = $this->getName();
                } else {
                        $field = 'user_id';
                        $id = $this->getId();
                }
                global $wgMemc;

                if( $val ) {
                        $changed = $this->updateNewtalk( $field, $id );
                } else {
                        $changed = $this->deleteNewtalk( $field, $id );
                }

                if( $this->isAnon() ) {
                        // Anons have a separate memcached space, since
                        // user records aren't kept for them.
                        $key = wfMemcKey( 'newtalk', 'ip', $id );
                        $wgMemc->set( $key, $val ? 1 : 0, 1800 );
                }
                if ( $changed ) {
                        $this->invalidateCache();
                }
        }

        /**
         * Generate a current or new-future timestamp to be stored in the
         * user_touched field when we update things.
         * @return \type{\string} Timestamp in TS_MW format
         */
        private static function newTouchedTimestamp() {
                global $wgClockSkewFudge;
                return wfTimestamp( TS_MW, time() + $wgClockSkewFudge );
        }

        /**
         * Clear user data from memcached.
         * Use after applying fun updates to the database; caller's
         * responsibility to update user_touched if appropriate.
         *
         * Called implicitly from invalidateCache() and saveSettings().
         */
        private function clearSharedCache() {
                if( $this->mId ) {
                        global $wgMemc;
                        $wgMemc->delete( wfMemcKey( 'user', 'id', $this->mId ) );
                }
        }

        /**
         * Immediately touch the user data cache for this account.
         * Updates user_touched field, and removes account data from memcached
         * for reload on the next hit.
         */
        function invalidateCache() {
                $this->load();
                if( $this->mId ) {
                        $this->mTouched = self::newTouchedTimestamp();

                        $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                        $dbw->update( 'user',
                                array( 'user_touched' => $dbw->timestamp( $this->mTouched ) ),
                                array( 'user_id' => $this->mId ),
                                __METHOD__ );

                        $this->clearSharedCache();
                }
        }

        /**
         * Validate the cache for this account.
         * @param $timestamp \type{\string} A timestamp in TS_MW format
         */
        function validateCache( $timestamp ) {
                $this->load();
                return ($timestamp >= $this->mTouched);
        }

        /**
         * Get the user touched timestamp
         */
        function getTouched() {
                $this->load();
                return $this->mTouched;
        }

        /**
         * Set the password and reset the random token.
         * Calls through to authentication plugin if necessary;
         * will have no effect if the auth plugin refuses to
         * pass the change through or if the legal password
         * checks fail.
         *
         * As a special case, setting the password to null
         * wipes it, so the account cannot be logged in until
         * a new password is set, for instance via e-mail.
         *
         * @param $str \type{\string} New password to set
         * @throws PasswordError on failure
         */
        function setPassword( $str ) {
                global $wgAuth;

                if( $str !== null ) {
                        if( !$wgAuth->allowPasswordChange() ) {
                                throw new PasswordError( wfMsg( 'password-change-forbidden' ) );
                        }

                        if( !$this->isValidPassword( $str ) ) {
                                global $wgMinimalPasswordLength;
                                throw new PasswordError( wfMsgExt( 'passwordtooshort', array( 'parsemag' ),
                                        $wgMinimalPasswordLength ) );
                        }
                }

                if( !$wgAuth->setPassword( $this, $str ) ) {
                        throw new PasswordError( wfMsg( 'externaldberror' ) );
                }

                $this->setInternalPassword( $str );

                return true;
        }

        /**
         * Set the password and reset the random token unconditionally.
         *
         * @param $str \type{\string} New password to set
         */
        function setInternalPassword( $str ) {
                $this->load();
                $this->setToken();

                if( $str === null ) {
                        // Save an invalid hash...
                        $this->mPassword = '';
                } else {
                        $this->mPassword = self::crypt( $str );
                }
                $this->mNewpassword = '';
                $this->mNewpassTime = null;
        }
        
        /**
         * Get the user's current token.
         * @return \type{\string} Token
         */
        function getToken() {
                $this->load();
                return $this->mToken;
        }
        
        /**
         * Set the random token (used for persistent authentication)
         * Called from loadDefaults() among other places.
         *
         * @param $token \type{\string} If specified, set the token to this value
         * @private
         */
        function setToken( $token = false ) {
                global $wgSecretKey, $wgProxyKey;
                $this->load();
                if ( !$token ) {
                        if ( $wgSecretKey ) {
                                $key = $wgSecretKey;
                        } elseif ( $wgProxyKey ) {
                                $key = $wgProxyKey;
                        } else {
                                $key = microtime();
                        }
                        $this->mToken = md5( $key . mt_rand( 0, 0x7fffffff ) . wfWikiID() . $this->mId );
                } else {
                        $this->mToken = $token;
                }
        }
        
        /**
         * Set the cookie password
         *
         * @param $str \type{\string} New cookie password
         * @private
         */
        function setCookiePassword( $str ) {
                $this->load();
                $this->mCookiePassword = md5( $str );
        }

        /**
         * Set the password for a password reminder or new account email
         *
         * @param $str \type{\string} New password to set
         * @param $throttle \type{\bool} If true, reset the throttle timestamp to the present
         */
        function setNewpassword( $str, $throttle = true ) {
                $this->load();
                $this->mNewpassword = self::crypt( $str );
                if ( $throttle ) {
                        $this->mNewpassTime = wfTimestampNow();
                }
        }

        /**
         * Has password reminder email been sent within the last 
         * $wgPasswordReminderResendTime hours?
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        function isPasswordReminderThrottled() {
                global $wgPasswordReminderResendTime;
                $this->load();
                if ( !$this->mNewpassTime || !$wgPasswordReminderResendTime ) {
                        return false;
                }
                $expiry = wfTimestamp( TS_UNIX, $this->mNewpassTime ) + $wgPasswordReminderResendTime * 3600;
                return time() < $expiry;
        }

        /**
         * Get the user's e-mail address
         * @return \type{\string} User's e-mail address
         */
        function getEmail() {
                $this->load();
                wfRunHooks( 'UserGetEmail', array( $this, &$this->mEmail ) );
                return $this->mEmail;
        }

        /**
         * Get the timestamp of the user's e-mail authentication
         * @return \type{\string} TS_MW timestamp
         */
        function getEmailAuthenticationTimestamp() {
                $this->load();
                wfRunHooks( 'UserGetEmailAuthenticationTimestamp', array( $this, &$this->mEmailAuthenticated ) );
                return $this->mEmailAuthenticated;
        }

        /**
         * Set the user's e-mail address
         * @param $str \type{\string} New e-mail address
         */
        function setEmail( $str ) {
                $this->load();
                $this->mEmail = $str;
                wfRunHooks( 'UserSetEmail', array( $this, &$this->mEmail ) );
        }

        /**
         * Get the user's real name
         * @return \type{\string} User's real name
         */
        function getRealName() {
                $this->load();
                return $this->mRealName;
        }

        /**
         * Set the user's real name
         * @param $str \type{\string} New real name
         */
        function setRealName( $str ) {
                $this->load();
                $this->mRealName = $str;
        }

        /**
         * Get the user's current setting for a given option.
         *
         * @param $oname \type{\string} The option to check
         * @param $defaultOverride \type{\string} A default value returned if the option does not exist
         * @return \type{\string} User's current value for the option
         * @see getBoolOption()
         * @see getIntOption()
         */
        function getOption( $oname, $defaultOverride = '' ) {
                $this->load();

                if ( is_null( $this->mOptions ) ) {
                        if($defaultOverride != '') {
                                return $defaultOverride;
                        }
                        $this->mOptions = User::getDefaultOptions();
                }

                if ( array_key_exists( $oname, $this->mOptions ) ) {
                        return trim( $this->mOptions[$oname] );
                } else {
                        return $defaultOverride;
                }
        }
        
        /**
         * Get the user's current setting for a given option, as a boolean value.
         *
         * @param $oname \type{\string} The option to check
         * @return \type{\bool} User's current value for the option
         * @see getOption()
         */
        function getBoolOption( $oname ) {
                return (bool)$this->getOption( $oname );
        }

        
        /**
         * Get the user's current setting for a given option, as a boolean value.
         *
         * @param $oname \type{\string} The option to check
         * @param $defaultOverride \type{\int} A default value returned if the option does not exist
         * @return \type{\int} User's current value for the option
         * @see getOption()
         */
        function getIntOption( $oname, $defaultOverride=0 ) {
                $val = $this->getOption( $oname );
                if( $val == '' ) {
                        $val = $defaultOverride;
                }
                return intval( $val );
        }

        /**
         * Set the given option for a user.
         *
         * @param $oname \type{\string} The option to set
         * @param $val \type{\mixed} New value to set
         */
        function setOption( $oname, $val ) {
                $this->load();
                if ( is_null( $this->mOptions ) ) {
                        $this->mOptions = User::getDefaultOptions();
                }
                if ( $oname == 'skin' ) {
                        # Clear cached skin, so the new one displays immediately in Special:Preferences
                        unset( $this->mSkin );
                }
                // Filter out any newlines that may have passed through input validation.
                // Newlines are used to separate items in the options blob.
                if( $val ) {
                        $val = str_replace( "\r\n", "\n", $val );
                        $val = str_replace( "\r", "\n", $val );
                        $val = str_replace( "\n", " ", $val );
                }
                // Explicitly NULL values should refer to defaults
                global $wgDefaultUserOptions;
                if( is_null($val) && isset($wgDefaultUserOptions[$oname]) ) {
                        $val = $wgDefaultUserOptions[$oname];
                }
                $this->mOptions[$oname] = $val;
        }

        /**
         * Get the user's preferred date format.
         * @return \type{\string} User's preferred date format
         */
        function getDatePreference() {
                // Important migration for old data rows
                if ( is_null( $this->mDatePreference ) ) {
                        global $wgLang;
                        $value = $this->getOption( 'date' );
                        $map = $wgLang->getDatePreferenceMigrationMap();
                        if ( isset( $map[$value] ) ) {
                                $value = $map[$value];
                        }
                        $this->mDatePreference = $value;
                }
                return $this->mDatePreference;
        }

        /**
         * Get the permissions this user has.
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of permission names
         */
        function getRights() {
                if ( is_null( $this->mRights ) ) {
                        $this->mRights = self::getGroupPermissions( $this->getEffectiveGroups() );
                        wfRunHooks( 'UserGetRights', array( $this, &$this->mRights ) );
                        // Force reindexation of rights when a hook has unset one of them
                        $this->mRights = array_values( $this->mRights );
                }
                return $this->mRights;
        }

        /**
         * Get the list of explicit group memberships this user has.
         * The implicit * and user groups are not included.
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of internal group names
         */
        function getGroups() {
                $this->load();
                return $this->mGroups;
        }

        /**
         * Get the list of implicit group memberships this user has.
         * This includes all explicit groups, plus 'user' if logged in,
         * '*' for all accounts and autopromoted groups
         *
         * @param $recache \type{\bool} Whether to avoid the cache
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of internal group names
         */
        function getEffectiveGroups( $recache = false ) {
                if ( $recache || is_null( $this->mEffectiveGroups ) ) {
                        $this->mEffectiveGroups = $this->getGroups();
                        $this->mEffectiveGroups[] = '*';
                        if( $this->getId() ) {
                                $this->mEffectiveGroups[] = 'user';

                                $this->mEffectiveGroups = array_unique( array_merge(
                                        $this->mEffectiveGroups,
                                        Autopromote::getAutopromoteGroups( $this )
                                ) );

                                # Hook for additional groups
                                wfRunHooks( 'UserEffectiveGroups', array( &$this, &$this->mEffectiveGroups ) );
                        }
                }
                return $this->mEffectiveGroups;
        }

        /**
         * Get the user's edit count.
         * @return \type{\int} User's edit count
         */
        function getEditCount() {
                if ($this->mId) {
                        if ( !isset( $this->mEditCount ) ) {
                                /* Populate the count, if it has not been populated yet */
                                $this->mEditCount = User::edits($this->mId);
                        }
                        return $this->mEditCount;
                } else {
                        /* nil */
                        return null;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Add the user to the given group.
         * This takes immediate effect.
         * @param $group \type{\string} Name of the group to add
         */
        function addGroup( $group ) {
                $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                if( $this->getId() ) {
                        $dbw->insert( 'user_groups',
                                array(
                                        'ug_user'  => $this->getID(),
                                        'ug_group' => $group,
                                ),
                                'User::addGroup',
                                array( 'IGNORE' ) );
                }

                $this->loadGroups();
                $this->mGroups[] = $group;
                $this->mRights = User::getGroupPermissions( $this->getEffectiveGroups( true ) );

                $this->invalidateCache();
        }

        /**
         * Remove the user from the given group.
         * This takes immediate effect.
         * @param $group \type{\string} Name of the group to remove
         */
        function removeGroup( $group ) {
                $this->load();
                $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                $dbw->delete( 'user_groups',
                        array(
                                'ug_user'  => $this->getID(),
                                'ug_group' => $group,
                        ),
                        'User::removeGroup' );

                $this->loadGroups();
                $this->mGroups = array_diff( $this->mGroups, array( $group ) );
                $this->mRights = User::getGroupPermissions( $this->getEffectiveGroups( true ) );

                $this->invalidateCache();
        }


        /**
         * Get whether the user is logged in
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        function isLoggedIn() {
                return $this->getID() != 0;
        }

        /**
         * Get whether the user is anonymous
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         */
        function isAnon() {
                return !$this->isLoggedIn();
        }

        /**
         * Get whether the user is a bot
         * @return \type{\bool} True or false
         * @deprecated
         */
        function isBot() {
                wfDeprecated( __METHOD__ );
                return $this->isAllowed( 'bot' );
        }

        /**
         * Check if user is allowed to access a feature / make an action
         * @param $action \type{\string} action to be checked
         * @return \type{\bool} True if action is allowed, else false
         */
        function isAllowed($action='') {
                if ( $action === '' )
                        // In the spirit of DWIM
                        return true;

                return in_array( $action, $this->getRights() );
        }

        /**
        * Check whether to enable recent changes patrol features for this user
        * @return \type{\bool} True or false
        */
        public function useRCPatrol() {
                global $wgUseRCPatrol;
                return( $wgUseRCPatrol && ($this->isAllowed('patrol') || $this->isAllowed('patrolmarks')) );
        }

        /**
        * Check whether to enable new pages patrol features for this user
        * @return \type{\bool} True or false
        */
        public function useNPPatrol() {
                global $wgUseRCPatrol, $wgUseNPPatrol;
                return( ($wgUseRCPatrol || $wgUseNPPatrol) && ($this->isAllowed('patrol') || $this->isAllowed('patrolmarks')) );
        }

        /**
         * Get the current skin, loading it if required
         * @return \type{Skin} Current skin
         * @todo FIXME : need to check the old failback system [AV]
         */
        function &getSkin() {
                global $wgRequest;
                if ( ! isset( $this->mSkin ) ) {
                        wfProfileIn( __METHOD__ );

                        # get the user skin
                        $userSkin = $this->getOption( 'skin' );
                        $userSkin = $wgRequest->getVal('useskin', $userSkin);

                        $this->mSkin =& Skin::newFromKey( $userSkin );
                        wfProfileOut( __METHOD__ );
                }
                return $this->mSkin;
        }

        /**
         * Check the watched status of an article.
         * @param $title \type{Title} Title of the article to look at
         * @return \type{\bool} True if article is watched
         */
        function isWatched( $title ) {
                $wl = WatchedItem::fromUserTitle( $this, $title );
                return $wl->isWatched();
        }

        /**
         * Watch an article.
         * @param $title \type{Title} Title of the article to look at
         */
        function addWatch( $title ) {
                $wl = WatchedItem::fromUserTitle( $this, $title );
                $wl->addWatch();
                $this->invalidateCache();
        }

        /**
         * Stop watching an article.
         * @param $title \type{Title} Title of the article to look at
         */
        function removeWatch( $title ) {
                $wl = WatchedItem::fromUserTitle( $this, $title );
                $wl->removeWatch();
                $this->invalidateCache();
        }

        /**
         * Clear the user's notification timestamp for the given title.
         * If e-notif e-mails are on, they will receive notification mails on
         * the next change of the page if it's watched etc.
         * @param $title \type{Title} Title of the article to look at
         */
        function clearNotification( &$title ) {
                global $wgUser, $wgUseEnotif, $wgShowUpdatedMarker;

                # Do nothing if the database is locked to writes
                if( wfReadOnly() ) {
                        return;
                }

                if ($title->getNamespace() == NS_USER_TALK &&
                        $title->getText() == $this->getName() ) {
                        if (!wfRunHooks('UserClearNewTalkNotification', array(&$this)))
                                return;
                        $this->setNewtalk( false );
                }

                if( !$wgUseEnotif && !$wgShowUpdatedMarker ) {
                        return;
                }

                if( $this->isAnon() ) {
                        // Nothing else to do...
                        return;
                }

                // Only update the timestamp if the page is being watched.
                // The query to find out if it is watched is cached both in memcached and per-invocation,
                // and when it does have to be executed, it can be on a slave
                // If this is the user's newtalk page, we always update the timestamp
                if ($title->getNamespace() == NS_USER_TALK &&
                        $title->getText() == $wgUser->getName())
                {
                        $watched = true;
                } elseif ( $this->getId() == $wgUser->getId() ) {
                        $watched = $title->userIsWatching();
                } else {
                        $watched = true;
                }

                // If the page is watched by the user (or may be watched), update the timestamp on any
                // any matching rows
                if ( $watched ) {
                        $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                        $dbw->update( 'watchlist',
                                        array( /* SET */
                                                'wl_notificationtimestamp' => NULL
                                        ), array( /* WHERE */
                                                'wl_title' => $title->getDBkey(),
                                                'wl_namespace' => $title->getNamespace(),
                                                'wl_user' => $this->getID()
                                        ), __METHOD__
                        );
                }
        }

        /**
         * Resets all of the given user's page-change notification timestamps.
         * If e-notif e-mails are on, they will receive notification mails on
         * the next change of any watched page.
         *
         * @param $currentUser \type{\int} %User ID
         */
        function clearAllNotifications( $currentUser ) {
                global $wgUseEnotif, $wgShowUpdatedMarker;
                if ( !$wgUseEnotif && !$wgShowUpdatedMarker ) {
                        $this->setNewtalk( false );
                        return;
                }
                if( $currentUser != 0 )  {
                        $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                        $dbw->update( 'watchlist',
                                array( /* SET */
                                        'wl_notificationtimestamp' => NULL
                                ), array( /* WHERE */
                                        'wl_user' => $currentUser
                                ), __METHOD__
                        );
                #       We also need to clear here the "you have new message" notification for the own user_talk page
                #       This is cleared one page view later in Article::viewUpdates();
                }
        }

        /**
         * Encode this user's options as a string
         * @return \type{\string} Encoded options
         * @private
         */
        function encodeOptions() {
                $this->load();
                if ( is_null( $this->mOptions ) ) {
                        $this->mOptions = User::getDefaultOptions();
                }
                $a = array();
                foreach ( $this->mOptions as $oname => $oval ) {
                        array_push( $a, $oname.'='.$oval );
                }
                $s = implode( "\n", $a );
                return $s;
        }

        /**
         * Set this user's options from an encoded string
         * @param $str \type{\string} Encoded options to import
         * @private
         */
        function decodeOptions( $str ) {
                $this->mOptions = array();
                $a = explode( "\n", $str );
                foreach ( $a as $s ) {
                        $m = array();
                        if ( preg_match( "/^(.[^=]*)=(.*)$/", $s, $m ) ) {
                                $this->mOptions[$m[1]] = $m[2];
                        }
                }
        }
        
        /**
         * Set a cookie on the user's client. Wrapper for 
         * WebResponse::setCookie
         */
        protected function setCookie( $name, $value, $exp=0 ) {
                global $wgRequest;
                $wgRequest->response()->setcookie( $name, $value, $exp );
        }
        
        /**
         * Clear a cookie on the user's client
         * @param $name \type{\string} Name of the cookie to clear
         */
        protected function clearCookie( $name ) {
                $this->setCookie( $name, '', time() - 86400 );
        }

        /**
         * Set the default cookies for this session on the user's client.
         */
        function setCookies() {
                $this->load();
                if ( 0 == $this->mId ) return;
                $session = array( 
                        'wsUserID' => $this->mId,
                        'wsToken' => $this->mToken,
                        'wsUserName' => $this->getName()
                );
                $cookies = array(
                        'UserID' => $this->mId,
                        'UserName' => $this->getName(),
                );
                if ( 1 == $this->getOption( 'rememberpassword' ) ) {
                        $cookies['Token'] = $this->mToken;
                } else {
                        $cookies['Token'] = false;
                }
                
                wfRunHooks( 'UserSetCookies', array( $this, &$session, &$cookies ) );
                $_SESSION = $session + $_SESSION;
                foreach ( $cookies as $name => $value ) {
                        if ( $value === false ) {
                                $this->clearCookie( $name );
                        } else {
                                $this->setCookie( $name, $value );
                        }
                }
        }

        /**
         * Log this user out.
         */
        function logout() {
                global $wgUser;
                if( wfRunHooks( 'UserLogout', array(&$this) ) ) {
                        $this->doLogout();
                }
        }

        /**
         * Clear the user's cookies and session, and reset the instance cache.
         * @private
         * @see logout()
         */
        function doLogout() {
                $this->clearInstanceCache( 'defaults' );

                $_SESSION['wsUserID'] = 0;

                $this->clearCookie( 'UserID' );
                $this->clearCookie( 'Token' );

                # Remember when user logged out, to prevent seeing cached pages
                $this->setCookie( 'LoggedOut', wfTimestampNow(), time() + 86400 );
        }

        /**
         * Save this user's settings into the database.
         * @todo Only rarely do all these fields need to be set!
         */
        function saveSettings() {
                $this->load();
                if ( wfReadOnly() ) { return; }
                if ( 0 == $this->mId ) { return; }

                $this->mTouched = self::newTouchedTimestamp();

                $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                $dbw->update( 'user',
                        array( /* SET */
                                'user_name' => $this->mName,
                                'user_password' => $this->mPassword,
                                'user_newpassword' => $this->mNewpassword,
                                'user_newpass_time' => $dbw->timestampOrNull( $this->mNewpassTime ),
                                'user_real_name' => $this->mRealName,
                                'user_email' => $this->mEmail,
                                'user_email_authenticated' => $dbw->timestampOrNull( $this->mEmailAuthenticated ),
                                'user_options' => $this->encodeOptions(),
                                'user_touched' => $dbw->timestamp($this->mTouched),
                                'user_token' => $this->mToken,
                                'user_email_token' => $this->mEmailToken,
                                'user_email_token_expires' => $dbw->timestampOrNull( $this->mEmailTokenExpires ),
                        ), array( /* WHERE */
                                'user_id' => $this->mId
                        ), __METHOD__
                );
                wfRunHooks( 'UserSaveSettings', array( $this ) );
                $this->clearSharedCache();
        }

        /**
         * If only this user's username is known, and it exists, return the user ID.
         */
        function idForName() {
                $s = trim( $this->getName() );
                if ( $s === '' ) return 0;

                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                $id = $dbr->selectField( 'user', 'user_id', array( 'user_name' => $s ), __METHOD__ );
                if ( $id === false ) {
                        $id = 0;
                }
                return $id;
        }

        /**
         * Add a user to the database, return the user object
         *
         * @param $name \type{\string} Username to add
         * @param $params \type{\arrayof{\string}} Non-default parameters to save to the database:
         *   - password             The user's password. Password logins will be disabled if this is omitted.
         *   - newpassword          A temporary password mailed to the user
         *   - email                The user's email address
         *   - email_authenticated  The email authentication timestamp
         *   - real_name            The user's real name
         *   - options              An associative array of non-default options
         *   - token                Random authentication token. Do not set.
         *   - registration         Registration timestamp. Do not set.
         *
         * @return \type{User} A new User object, or null if the username already exists
         */
        static function createNew( $name, $params = array() ) {
                $user = new User;
                $user->load();
                if ( isset( $params['options'] ) ) {
                        $user->mOptions = $params['options'] + $user->mOptions;
                        unset( $params['options'] );
                }
                $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                $seqVal = $dbw->nextSequenceValue( 'user_user_id_seq' );
                $fields = array(
                        'user_id' => $seqVal,
                        'user_name' => $name,
                        'user_password' => $user->mPassword,
                        'user_newpassword' => $user->mNewpassword,
                        'user_newpass_time' => $dbw->timestamp( $user->mNewpassTime ),
                        'user_email' => $user->mEmail,
                        'user_email_authenticated' => $dbw->timestampOrNull( $user->mEmailAuthenticated ),
                        'user_real_name' => $user->mRealName,
                        'user_options' => $user->encodeOptions(),
                        'user_token' => $user->mToken,
                        'user_registration' => $dbw->timestamp( $user->mRegistration ),
                        'user_editcount' => 0,
                );
                foreach ( $params as $name => $value ) {
                        $fields["user_$name"] = $value;
                }
                $dbw->insert( 'user', $fields, __METHOD__, array( 'IGNORE' ) );
                if ( $dbw->affectedRows() ) {
                        $newUser = User::newFromId( $dbw->insertId() );
                } else {
                        $newUser = null;
                }
                return $newUser;
        }

        /**
         * Add this existing user object to the database
         */
        function addToDatabase() {
                $this->load();
                $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                $seqVal = $dbw->nextSequenceValue( 'user_user_id_seq' );
                $dbw->insert( 'user',
                        array(
                                'user_id' => $seqVal,
                                'user_name' => $this->mName,
                                'user_password' => $this->mPassword,
                                'user_newpassword' => $this->mNewpassword,
                                'user_newpass_time' => $dbw->timestamp( $this->mNewpassTime ),
                                'user_email' => $this->mEmail,
                                'user_email_authenticated' => $dbw->timestampOrNull( $this->mEmailAuthenticated ),
                                'user_real_name' => $this->mRealName,
                                'user_options' => $this->encodeOptions(),
                                'user_token' => $this->mToken,
                                'user_registration' => $dbw->timestamp( $this->mRegistration ),
                                'user_editcount' => 0,
                        ), __METHOD__
                );
                $this->mId = $dbw->insertId();

                // Clear instance cache other than user table data, which is already accurate
                $this->clearInstanceCache();
        }

        /**
         * If this (non-anonymous) user is blocked, block any IP address
         * they've successfully logged in from.
         */
        function spreadBlock() {
                wfDebug( __METHOD__."()\n" );
                $this->load();
                if ( $this->mId == 0 ) {
                        return;
                }

                $userblock = Block::newFromDB( '', $this->mId );
                if ( !$userblock ) {
                        return;
                }

                $userblock->doAutoblock( wfGetIp() );

        }

        /**
         * Generate a string which will be different for any combination of
         * user options which would produce different parser output.
         * This will be used as part of the hash key for the parser cache,
         * so users will the same options can share the same cached data
         * safely.
         *
         * Extensions which require it should install 'PageRenderingHash' hook,
         * which will give them a chance to modify this key based on their own
         * settings.
         *
         * @return \type{\string} Page rendering hash
         */
        function getPageRenderingHash() {
                global $wgContLang, $wgUseDynamicDates, $wgLang;
                if( $this->mHash ){
                        return $this->mHash;
                }

                // stubthreshold is only included below for completeness,
                // it will always be 0 when this function is called by parsercache.

                $confstr =        $this->getOption( 'math' );
                $confstr .= '!' . $this->getOption( 'stubthreshold' );
                if ( $wgUseDynamicDates ) {
                        $confstr .= '!' . $this->getDatePreference();
                }
                $confstr .= '!' . ($this->getOption( 'numberheadings' ) ? '1' : '');
                $confstr .= '!' . $wgLang->getCode();
                $confstr .= '!' . $this->getOption( 'thumbsize' );
                // add in language specific options, if any
                $extra = $wgContLang->getExtraHashOptions();
                $confstr .= $extra;

                // Give a chance for extensions to modify the hash, if they have
                // extra options or other effects on the parser cache.
                wfRunHooks( 'PageRenderingHash', array( &$confstr ) );

                // Make it a valid memcached key fragment
                $confstr = str_replace( ' ', '_', $confstr );
                $this->mHash = $confstr;
                return $confstr;
        }

        /**
         * Get whether the user is explicitly blocked from account creation.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if blocked
         */
        function isBlockedFromCreateAccount() {
                $this->getBlockedStatus();
                return $this->mBlock && $this->mBlock->mCreateAccount;
        }

        /**
         * Get whether the user is blocked from using Special:Emailuser.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if blocked
         */
        function isBlockedFromEmailuser() {
                $this->getBlockedStatus();
                return $this->mBlock && $this->mBlock->mBlockEmail;
        }

        /**
         * Get whether the user is allowed to create an account.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if allowed
         */
        function isAllowedToCreateAccount() {
                return $this->isAllowed( 'createaccount' ) && !$this->isBlockedFromCreateAccount();
        }

        /**
         * @deprecated
         */
        function setLoaded( $loaded ) {
                wfDeprecated( __METHOD__ );
        }

        /**
         * Get this user's personal page title.
         *
         * @return \type{Title} User's personal page title
         */
        function getUserPage() {
                return Title::makeTitle( NS_USER, $this->getName() );
        }

        /**
         * Get this user's talk page title.
         *
         * @return \type{Title} User's talk page title
         */
        function getTalkPage() {
                $title = $this->getUserPage();
                return $title->getTalkPage();
        }

        /**
         * Get the maximum valid user ID.
         * @return \type{\int} %User ID
         * @static
         */
        function getMaxID() {
                static $res; // cache

                if ( isset( $res ) )
                        return $res;
                else {
                        $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                        return $res = $dbr->selectField( 'user', 'max(user_id)', false, 'User::getMaxID' );
                }
        }

        /**
         * Determine whether the user is a newbie. Newbies are either
         * anonymous IPs, or the most recently created accounts.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if the user is a newbie
         */
        function isNewbie() {
                return !$this->isAllowed( 'autoconfirmed' );
        }
        
        /**
         * Is the user active? We check to see if they've made at least
         * X number of edits in the last Y days.
         * 
         * @return \type{\bool} True if the user is active, false if not.
         */
        public function isActiveEditor() {
                global $wgActiveUserEditCount, $wgActiveUserDays;
                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                
                // Stolen without shame from RC
                $cutoff_unixtime = time() - ( $wgActiveUserDays * 86400 );
                $cutoff_unixtime = $cutoff_unixtime - ( $cutoff_unixtime % 86400 );
                $oldTime = $dbr->addQuotes( $dbr->timestamp( $cutoff_unixtime ) );
                
                $res = $dbr->select( 'revision', '1',
                                array( 'rev_user_text' => $this->getName(), "rev_timestamp > $oldTime"),
                                __METHOD__,
                                array('LIMIT' => $wgActiveUserEditCount ) );
                
                $count = $dbr->numRows($res);
                $dbr->freeResult($res);

                return $count == $wgActiveUserEditCount;
        }

        /**
         * Check to see if the given clear-text password is one of the accepted passwords
         * @param $password \type{\string} user password.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if the given password is correct, otherwise False.
         */
        function checkPassword( $password ) {
                global $wgAuth;
                $this->load();

                // Even though we stop people from creating passwords that
                // are shorter than this, doesn't mean people wont be able
                // to. Certain authentication plugins do NOT want to save
                // domain passwords in a mysql database, so we should
                // check this (incase $wgAuth->strict() is false).
                if( !$this->isValidPassword( $password ) ) {
                        return false;
                }

                if( $wgAuth->authenticate( $this->getName(), $password ) ) {
                        return true;
                } elseif( $wgAuth->strict() ) {
                        /* Auth plugin doesn't allow local authentication */
                        return false;
                } elseif( $wgAuth->strictUserAuth( $this->getName() ) ) {
                        /* Auth plugin doesn't allow local authentication for this user name */
                        return false;
                }
                if ( self::comparePasswords( $this->mPassword, $password, $this->mId ) ) {
                        return true;
                } elseif ( function_exists( 'iconv' ) ) {
                        # Some wikis were converted from ISO 8859-1 to UTF-8, the passwords can't be converted
                        # Check for this with iconv
                        $cp1252Password = iconv( 'UTF-8', 'WINDOWS-1252//TRANSLIT', $password );
                        if ( self::comparePasswords( $this->mPassword, $cp1252Password, $this->mId ) ) {
                                return true;
                        }
                }
                return false;
        }

        /**
         * Check if the given clear-text password matches the temporary password
         * sent by e-mail for password reset operations.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if matches, false otherwise
         */
        function checkTemporaryPassword( $plaintext ) {
                return self::comparePasswords( $this->mNewpassword, $plaintext, $this->getId() );
        }

        /**
         * Initialize (if necessary) and return a session token value
         * which can be used in edit forms to show that the user's
         * login credentials aren't being hijacked with a foreign form
         * submission.
         *
         * @param $salt \twotypes{\string,\arrayof{\string}} Optional function-specific data for hashing
         * @return \type{\string} The new edit token
         */
        function editToken( $salt = '' ) {
                if ( $this->isAnon() ) {
                        return EDIT_TOKEN_SUFFIX;
                } else {
                        if( !isset( $_SESSION['wsEditToken'] ) ) {
                                $token = $this->generateToken();
                                $_SESSION['wsEditToken'] = $token;
                        } else {
                                $token = $_SESSION['wsEditToken'];
                        }
                        if( is_array( $salt ) ) {
                                $salt = implode( '|', $salt );
                        }
                        return md5( $token . $salt ) . EDIT_TOKEN_SUFFIX;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Generate a looking random token for various uses.
         *
         * @param $salt \type{\string} Optional salt value
         * @return \type{\string} The new random token
         */
        function generateToken( $salt = '' ) {
                $token = dechex( mt_rand() ) . dechex( mt_rand() );
                return md5( $token . $salt );
        }

        /**
         * Check given value against the token value stored in the session.
         * A match should confirm that the form was submitted from the
         * user's own login session, not a form submission from a third-party
         * site.
         *
         * @param $val \type{\string} Input value to compare
         * @param $salt \type{\string} Optional function-specific data for hashing
         * @return \type{\bool} Whether the token matches
         */
        function matchEditToken( $val, $salt = '' ) {
                $sessionToken = $this->editToken( $salt );
                if ( $val != $sessionToken ) {
                        wfDebug( "User::matchEditToken: broken session data\n" );
                }
                return $val == $sessionToken;
        }

        /**
         * Check given value against the token value stored in the session,
         * ignoring the suffix.
         *
         * @param $val \type{\string} Input value to compare
         * @param $salt \type{\string} Optional function-specific data for hashing
         * @return \type{\bool} Whether the token matches
         */
        function matchEditTokenNoSuffix( $val, $salt = '' ) {
                $sessionToken = $this->editToken( $salt );
                return substr( $sessionToken, 0, 32 ) == substr( $val, 0, 32 );
        }

        /**
         * Generate a new e-mail confirmation token and send a confirmation/invalidation
         * mail to the user's given address.
         *
         * @return \twotypes{\bool,WikiError} True on success, a WikiError object on failure.
         */
        function sendConfirmationMail() {
                global $wgLang;
                $expiration = null; // gets passed-by-ref and defined in next line.
                $token = $this->confirmationToken( $expiration );
                $url = $this->confirmationTokenUrl( $token );
                $invalidateURL = $this->invalidationTokenUrl( $token );
                $this->saveSettings();
                
                return $this->sendMail( wfMsg( 'confirmemail_subject' ),
                        wfMsg( 'confirmemail_body',
                                wfGetIP(),
                                $this->getName(),
                                $url,
                                $wgLang->timeanddate( $expiration, false ),
                                $invalidateURL ) );
        }

        /**
         * Send an e-mail to this user's account. Does not check for
         * confirmed status or validity.
         *
         * @param $subject \type{\string} Message subject
         * @param $body \type{\string} Message body
         * @param $from \type{\string} Optional From address; if unspecified, default $wgPasswordSender will be used
         * @param $replyto \type{\string} Reply-to address
         * @return \twotypes{\bool,WikiError} True on success, a WikiError object on failure
         */
        function sendMail( $subject, $body, $from = null, $replyto = null ) {
                if( is_null( $from ) ) {
                        global $wgPasswordSender;
                        $from = $wgPasswordSender;
                }

                $to = new MailAddress( $this );
                $sender = new MailAddress( $from );
                return UserMailer::send( $to, $sender, $subject, $body, $replyto );
        }

        /**
         * Generate, store, and return a new e-mail confirmation code.
         * A hash (unsalted, since it's used as a key) is stored.
         *
         * @note Call saveSettings() after calling this function to commit
         * this change to the database.
         *
         * @param[out] &$expiration \type{\mixed} Accepts the expiration time
         * @return \type{\string} New token
         * @private
         */
        function confirmationToken( &$expiration ) {
                $now = time();
                $expires = $now + 7 * 24 * 60 * 60;
                $expiration = wfTimestamp( TS_MW, $expires );
                $token = $this->generateToken( $this->mId . $this->mEmail . $expires );
                $hash = md5( $token );
                $this->load();
                $this->mEmailToken = $hash;
                $this->mEmailTokenExpires = $expiration;
                return $token;
        }

        /**
        * Return a URL the user can use to confirm their email address.
         * @param $token \type{\string} Accepts the email confirmation token
         * @return \type{\string} New token URL
         * @private
         */
        function confirmationTokenUrl( $token ) {
                return $this->getTokenUrl( 'ConfirmEmail', $token );
        }
        /**
         * Return a URL the user can use to invalidate their email address.
         *
         * @param $token \type{\string} Accepts the email confirmation token
         * @return \type{\string} New token URL
         * @private
         */
        function invalidationTokenUrl( $token ) {
                return $this->getTokenUrl( 'Invalidateemail', $token );
        }
        
        /**
         * Internal function to format the e-mail validation/invalidation URLs.
         * This uses $wgArticlePath directly as a quickie hack to use the
         * hardcoded English names of the Special: pages, for ASCII safety.
         *
         * @note Since these URLs get dropped directly into emails, using the
         * short English names avoids insanely long URL-encoded links, which
         * also sometimes can get corrupted in some browsers/mailers
         * (bug 6957 with Gmail and Internet Explorer).
         *
         * @param $page \type{\string} Special page
         * @param $token \type{\string} Token
         * @return \type{\string} Formatted URL
         */
        protected function getTokenUrl( $page, $token ) {
                global $wgArticlePath;
                return wfExpandUrl(
                        str_replace(
                                '$1',
                                "Special:$page/$token",
                                $wgArticlePath ) );
        }

        /**
         * Mark the e-mail address confirmed.
         *
         * @note Call saveSettings() after calling this function to commit the change.
         */
        function confirmEmail() {
                $this->setEmailAuthenticationTimestamp( wfTimestampNow() );
                return true;
        }

        /**
         * Invalidate the user's e-mail confirmation, and unauthenticate the e-mail
         * address if it was already confirmed.
         *
         * @note Call saveSettings() after calling this function to commit the change.
         */
        function invalidateEmail() {
                $this->load();
                $this->mEmailToken = null;
                $this->mEmailTokenExpires = null;
                $this->setEmailAuthenticationTimestamp( null );
                return true;
        }

        /**
         * Set the e-mail authentication timestamp.
         * @param $timestamp \type{\string} TS_MW timestamp
         */
        function setEmailAuthenticationTimestamp( $timestamp ) {
                $this->load();
                $this->mEmailAuthenticated = $timestamp;
                wfRunHooks( 'UserSetEmailAuthenticationTimestamp', array( $this, &$this->mEmailAuthenticated ) );
        }

        /**
         * Is this user allowed to send e-mails within limits of current
         * site configuration?
         * @return \type{\bool} True if allowed
         */
        function canSendEmail() {
                $canSend = $this->isEmailConfirmed();
                wfRunHooks( 'UserCanSendEmail', array( &$this, &$canSend ) );
                return $canSend;
        }

        /**
         * Is this user allowed to receive e-mails within limits of current
         * site configuration?
         * @return \type{\bool} True if allowed
         */
        function canReceiveEmail() {
                return $this->isEmailConfirmed() && !$this->getOption( 'disablemail' );
        }

        /**
         * Is this user's e-mail address valid-looking and confirmed within
         * limits of the current site configuration?
         *
         * @note If $wgEmailAuthentication is on, this may require the user to have
         * confirmed their address by returning a code or using a password
         * sent to the address from the wiki.
         *
         * @return \type{\bool} True if confirmed
         */
        function isEmailConfirmed() {
                global $wgEmailAuthentication;
                $this->load();
                $confirmed = true;
                if( wfRunHooks( 'EmailConfirmed', array( &$this, &$confirmed ) ) ) {
                        if( $this->isAnon() )
                                return false;
                        if( !self::isValidEmailAddr( $this->mEmail ) )
                                return false;
                        if( $wgEmailAuthentication && !$this->getEmailAuthenticationTimestamp() )
                                return false;
                        return true;
                } else {
                        return $confirmed;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Check whether there is an outstanding request for e-mail confirmation.
         * @return \type{\bool} True if pending
         */
        function isEmailConfirmationPending() {
                global $wgEmailAuthentication;
                return $wgEmailAuthentication &&
                        !$this->isEmailConfirmed() &&
                        $this->mEmailToken &&
                        $this->mEmailTokenExpires > wfTimestamp();
        }

        /**
         * Get the timestamp of account creation.
         *
         * @return \twotypes{\string,\bool} string Timestamp of account creation, or false for
         *                                non-existent/anonymous user accounts.
         */
        public function getRegistration() {
                return $this->mId > 0
                        ? $this->mRegistration
                        : false;
        }

        /**
         * Get the permissions associated with a given list of groups
         *
         * @param $groups \type{\arrayof{\string}} List of internal group names
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} List of permission key names for given groups combined
         */
        static function getGroupPermissions( $groups ) {
                global $wgGroupPermissions;
                $rights = array();
                foreach( $groups as $group ) {
                        if( isset( $wgGroupPermissions[$group] ) ) {
                                $rights = array_merge( $rights,
                                        array_keys( array_filter( $wgGroupPermissions[$group] ) ) );
                        }
                }
                return $rights;
        }
        
        /**
         * Get all the groups who have a given permission
         * 
         * @param $role \type{\string} Role to check
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} List of internal group names with the given permission
         */
        static function getGroupsWithPermission( $role ) {
                global $wgGroupPermissions;
                $allowedGroups = array();
                foreach ( $wgGroupPermissions as $group => $rights ) {
                        if ( isset( $rights[$role] ) && $rights[$role] ) {
                                $allowedGroups[] = $group;
                        }
                }
                return $allowedGroups;
        }

        /**
         * Get the localized descriptive name for a group, if it exists
         *
         * @param $group \type{\string} Internal group name
         * @return \type{\string} Localized descriptive group name
         */
        static function getGroupName( $group ) {
                global $wgMessageCache;
                $wgMessageCache->loadAllMessages();
                $key = "group-$group";
                $name = wfMsg( $key );
                return $name == '' || wfEmptyMsg( $key, $name )
                        ? $group
                        : $name;
        }

        /**
         * Get the localized descriptive name for a member of a group, if it exists
         *
         * @param $group \type{\string} Internal group name
         * @return \type{\string} Localized name for group member
         */
        static function getGroupMember( $group ) {
                global $wgMessageCache;
                $wgMessageCache->loadAllMessages();
                $key = "group-$group-member";
                $name = wfMsg( $key );
                return $name == '' || wfEmptyMsg( $key, $name )
                        ? $group
                        : $name;
        }

        /**
         * Return the set of defined explicit groups.
         * The implicit groups (by default *, 'user' and 'autoconfirmed')
         * are not included, as they are defined automatically, not in the database.
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of internal group names
         */
        static function getAllGroups() {
                global $wgGroupPermissions;
                return array_diff(
                        array_keys( $wgGroupPermissions ),
                        self::getImplicitGroups()
                );
        }

        /**
         * Get a list of all available permissions.
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of permission names
         */
        static function getAllRights() {
                if ( self::$mAllRights === false ) {
                        global $wgAvailableRights;
                        if ( count( $wgAvailableRights ) ) {
                                self::$mAllRights = array_unique( array_merge( self::$mCoreRights, $wgAvailableRights ) );
                        } else {
                                self::$mAllRights = self::$mCoreRights;
                        }
                        wfRunHooks( 'UserGetAllRights', array( &self::$mAllRights ) );
                }
                return self::$mAllRights;
        }

        /**
         * Get a list of implicit groups
         * @return \type{\arrayof{\string}} Array of internal group names
         */
        public static function getImplicitGroups() {
                global $wgImplicitGroups;
                $groups = $wgImplicitGroups;
                wfRunHooks( 'UserGetImplicitGroups', array( &$groups ) );       #deprecated, use $wgImplictGroups instead
                return $groups;
        }

        /**
         * Get the title of a page describing a particular group
         *
         * @param $group \type{\string} Internal group name
         * @return \twotypes{Title,\bool} Title of the page if it exists, false otherwise
         */
        static function getGroupPage( $group ) {
                global $wgMessageCache;
                $wgMessageCache->loadAllMessages();
                $page = wfMsgForContent( 'grouppage-' . $group );
                if( !wfEmptyMsg( 'grouppage-' . $group, $page ) ) {
                        $title = Title::newFromText( $page );
                        if( is_object( $title ) )
                                return $title;
                }
                return false;
        }

        /**
         * Create a link to the group in HTML, if available; 
         * else return the group name.
         *
         * @param $group \type{\string} Internal name of the group
         * @param $text \type{\string} The text of the link
         * @return \type{\string} HTML link to the group
         */
        static function makeGroupLinkHTML( $group, $text = '' ) {
                if( $text == '' ) {
                        $text = self::getGroupName( $group );
                }
                $title = self::getGroupPage( $group );
                if( $title ) {
                        global $wgUser;
                        $sk = $wgUser->getSkin();
                        return $sk->makeLinkObj( $title, htmlspecialchars( $text ) );
                } else {
                        return $text;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Create a link to the group in Wikitext, if available; 
         * else return the group name.
         *
         * @param $group \type{\string} Internal name of the group
         * @param $text \type{\string} The text of the link
         * @return \type{\string} Wikilink to the group
         */
        static function makeGroupLinkWiki( $group, $text = '' ) {
                if( $text == '' ) {
                        $text = self::getGroupName( $group );
                }
                $title = self::getGroupPage( $group );
                if( $title ) {
                        $page = $title->getPrefixedText();
                        return "[[$page|$text]]";
                } else {
                        return $text;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Increment the user's edit-count field.
         * Will have no effect for anonymous users.
         */
        function incEditCount() {
                if( !$this->isAnon() ) {
                        $dbw = wfGetDB( DB_MASTER );
                        $dbw->update( 'user',
                                array( 'user_editcount=user_editcount+1' ),
                                array( 'user_id' => $this->getId() ),
                                __METHOD__ );

                        // Lazy initialization check...
                        if( $dbw->affectedRows() == 0 ) {
                                // Pull from a slave to be less cruel to servers
                                // Accuracy isn't the point anyway here
                                $dbr = wfGetDB( DB_SLAVE );
                                $count = $dbr->selectField( 'revision',
                                        'COUNT(rev_user)',
                                        array( 'rev_user' => $this->getId() ),
                                        __METHOD__ );

                                // Now here's a goddamn hack...
                                if( $dbr !== $dbw ) {
                                        // If we actually have a slave server, the count is
                                        // at least one behind because the current transaction
                                        // has not been committed and replicated.
                                        $count++;
                                } else {
                                        // But if DB_SLAVE is selecting the master, then the
                                        // count we just read includes the revision that was
                                        // just added in the working transaction.
                                }

                                $dbw->update( 'user',
                                        array( 'user_editcount' => $count ),
                                        array( 'user_id' => $this->getId() ),
                                        __METHOD__ );
                        }
                }
                // edit count in user cache too
                $this->invalidateCache();
        }
        
        /**
         * Get the description of a given right
         *
         * @param $right \type{\string} Right to query
         * @return \type{\string} Localized description of the right
         */
        static function getRightDescription( $right ) {
                global $wgMessageCache;
                $wgMessageCache->loadAllMessages();
                $key = "right-$right";
                $name = wfMsg( $key );
                return $name == '' || wfEmptyMsg( $key, $name )
                        ? $right
                        : $name;
        }

        /**
         * Make an old-style password hash
         *
         * @param $password \type{\string} Plain-text password
         * @param $userId \type{\string} %User ID
         * @return \type{\string} Password hash
         */
        static function oldCrypt( $password, $userId ) {
                global $wgPasswordSalt;
                if ( $wgPasswordSalt ) {
                        return md5( $userId . '-' . md5( $password ) );
                } else {
                        return md5( $password );
                }
        }

        /**
         * Make a new-style password hash
         *
         * @param $password \type{\string} Plain-text password
         * @param $salt \type{\string} Optional salt, may be random or the user ID. 
         *                     If unspecified or false, will generate one automatically
         * @return \type{\string} Password hash
         */
        static function crypt( $password, $salt = false ) {
                global $wgPasswordSalt;

                if($wgPasswordSalt) {
                        if ( $salt === false ) {
                                $salt = substr( wfGenerateToken(), 0, 8 );
                        }
                        return ':B:' . $salt . ':' . md5( $salt . '-' . md5( $password ) );
                } else {
                        return ':A:' . md5( $password);
                }
        }

        /**
         * Compare a password hash with a plain-text password. Requires the user
         * ID if there's a chance that the hash is an old-style hash.
         *
         * @param $hash \type{\string} Password hash
         * @param $password \type{\string} Plain-text password to compare
         * @param $userId \type{\string} %User ID for old-style password salt
         * @return \type{\bool} True if matches, false otherwise
         */
        static function comparePasswords( $hash, $password, $userId = false ) {
                $m = false;
                $type = substr( $hash, 0, 3 );
                if ( $type == ':A:' ) {
                        # Unsalted
                        return md5( $password ) === substr( $hash, 3 );
                } elseif ( $type == ':B:' ) {
                        # Salted
                        list( $salt, $realHash ) = explode( ':', substr( $hash, 3 ), 2 );
                        return md5( $salt.'-'.md5( $password ) ) == $realHash;
                } else {
                        # Old-style
                        return self::oldCrypt( $password, $userId ) === $hash;
                }
        }
}