1 MediaWiki has optional support for memcached, a "high-performance,
2 distributed memory object caching system". For general information
3 on it, see: http://www.danga.com/memcached/
5 Memcached is likely more trouble than a small site will need, but
6 for a larger site with heavy load, like Wikipedia, it should help
7 lighten the load on the database servers by caching data and objects
12 Packages are available for Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu and probably other
13 Linux distributions. If you there's no package available for your
14 distribution, you can compile it from source.
18 * PHP must be compiled with --enable-sockets
20 * libevent: http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
21 (as of 2003-08-11, 0.7a is current)
23 * optionally, epoll-rt patch for Linux kernel:
24 http://www.xmailserver.org/linux-patches/nio-improve.html
26 * memcached: http://www.danga.com/memcached/download.bml
27 (as of this writing, 1.1.9 is current)
29 Memcached and libevent are under BSD-style licenses.
31 The server should run on Linux and other Unix-like systems... you
32 can run multiple servers on one machine or on multiple machines on
33 a network; storage can be distributed across multiple servers, and
34 multiple web servers can use the same cache cluster.
36 ********************* W A R N I N G ! ! ! ! ! ***********************
37 Memcached has no security or authentication. Please ensure that your
38 server is appropriately firewalled, and that the port(s) used for
39 memcached servers are not publicly accessible. Otherwise, anyone on
40 the internet can put data into and read data from your cache.
42 An attacker familiar with MediaWiki internals could use this to steal
43 passwords and email addresses, or to make themselves a sysop and
44 install malicious javascript on the site. There may be other types
45 of vulnerability, no audit has been done -- so be safe and keep it
47 ********************* W A R N I N G ! ! ! ! ! ***********************
51 If you installed memcached using a distro, the daemon should be started
52 automatically using /etc/init.d/memcached.
54 To start the daemon manually, use something like:
56 memcached -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -m 64
58 (to run in daemon mode, accessible only via loopback interface,
59 on port 11211, using up to 64MB of memory)
61 In your LocalSettings.php file, set:
63 $wgMainCacheType = CACHE_MEMCACHED;
64 $wgMemCachedServers = array( "127.0.0.1:11211" );
66 The wiki should then use memcached to cache various data. To use
67 multiple servers (physically separate boxes or multiple caches
68 on one machine on a large-memory x86 box), just add more items
69 to the array. To increase the weight of a server (say, because
70 it has twice the memory of the others and you want to spread
71 usage evenly), make its entry a subarray:
73 $wgMemCachedServers = array(
74 "127.0.0.1:11211", # one gig on this box
75 array("192.168.0.1:11211", 2 ) # two gigs on the other box
78 == PHP client for memcached ==
80 MediaWiki uses a fork of Ryan T. Dean's pure-PHP memcached client.
81 The newer PECL module is not yet supported.
83 MediaWiki uses three object for object caching:
84 * $wgMemc, controlled by $wgMainCacheType
85 * $parserMemc, controlled by $wgParserCacheType
86 * $messageMemc, controlled by $wgMessageCacheType
87 If you set CACHE_NONE to one of the three control variable, (default
88 value for $wgMainCacheType), MediaWiki still create a MemCacheClient,
89 but requests to it are no-ops and we always fall through to the
90 database. If the cache daemon can't be contacted, it should also
91 disable itself fairly smoothly.
93 By default, $wgMemc is used but when it is $parserMemc or $messageMemc
94 this is mentionned below.
98 (incomplete, out of date)
101 key: $wgDBname:dateformatter
102 ex: wikidb:dateformatter
103 stores: a single instance of the DateFormatter class
108 key: $wgDBname:diff:version:{MW_DIFF_VERSION}:oldid:$old:newid:$new
109 ex: wikidb:diff:version:1.11a:oldid:1:newid:2
110 stores: body of a difference
115 key: $wgDBname:interwiki:$prefix
116 ex: wikidb:interwiki:w
117 stores: object from the interwiki table of the database
118 expiry: $wgInterwikiExpiry
121 Lag time of the databases:
122 key: $wgDBname:lag_times
124 stores: array mapping the database id to its lag time
129 key: $wgDBname:localisation:$lang
130 ex: wikidb:localisation:de
131 stores: array of localisation settings
132 set in: Language::loadLocalisation()
134 cleared by: Language::loadLocalisation()
137 stored in: $messageMemc
138 key: $wgDBname:messages, $wgDBname:messages-hash, $wgDBname:messages-status
139 ex: wikidb:messages, wikidb:messages-hash, wikidb:messages-status
140 stores: an array where the keys are DB keys and the values are messages
141 set in: wfMsg(), Article::editUpdates() both call wfLoadAllMessages()
142 expriy: $wgMsgCacheExpiry
146 key: $wgDBname:newtalk:ip:$ip
147 ex: wikidb:newtalk:ip:123.45.67.89
148 stores: integer, 0 or 1
149 set in: User::loadFromDatabase()
150 cleared by: User::saveSettings() # ?
154 stored in: $parserMemc
155 controlled by: $wgEnableParserCache
156 key: $wgDBname:pcache:idhash:$pageid-$renderkey!$hash$edit
157 $pageid: id of the page
158 $renderkey: 1 if action=render, 0 otherwise
159 $hash: hash of user options, see User::getPageRenderingHash()
160 $edit: '!edit=0' if the user can't edit the page, '' otherwise
161 ex: wikidb:pcache:idhash:1-0!1!0!!en!2
162 stores: ParserOutput object
163 modified by: Article::editUpdates()
164 expriy: $wgParserCacheExpireTime or one hour if it contains specific magic
168 controlled by: $wgRateLimits
169 key: $wgDBname:limiter:action:$action:ip:$ip,
170 $wgDBname:limiter:action:$action:user:$id,
171 mediawiki:limiter:action:$action:ip:$ip and
172 mediawiki:limiter:action:$action:subnet:$sub
173 ex: wikidb:limiter:action:edit:ip:123.45.67.89,
174 wikidb:limiter:action:edit:user:1012
175 mediawiki:limiter:action:edit:ip:123.45.67.89 and
176 mediawiki:limiter:action:$action:subnet:123.45.67
177 stores: number of action made by user/ip/subnet
179 expiry: expiry set for the action and group in $wgRateLimits
182 Proxy Check: (deprecated)
183 key: $wgDBname:proxy:ip:$ip
184 ex: wikidb:proxy:ip:123.45.67.89
185 stores: 1 if the ip is a proxy
187 expiry: $wgProxyMemcExpiry
190 key: $wgDBname:revisiontext:textid:$id
191 ex: wikidb:revisiontext:textid:1012
192 stores: text of a revision
194 expriry: $wgRevisionCacheExpiry
197 controlled by: $wgSessionsInMemcached
198 key: $wgBDname:session:$id
199 ex: wikidb:session:38d7c5b8d3bfc51egf40c69bc40f8be3
200 stores: $SESSION, useful when using a multi-sever wiki
202 cleared by: session_destroy()
205 stored in: $parserMemc
206 controlled by: $wgEnableSidebarCache
207 key: $wgDBname:sidebar
209 stores: the html output of the sidebar
210 expriy: $wgSidebarCacheExpiry
211 cleared by: MessageCache::replace()
214 key: $wgDBname:allpages:ns:$ns
215 ex: wikidb:allpages:ns:0
216 stores: array of pages in a namespace
220 Special:Recentchanges (feed):
221 stored in: $messageMemc
222 key: $wgDBname:rcfeed:$format:limit:$imit:minor:$hideminor and
223 rcfeed:$format:timestamp
224 ex: wikidb:rcfeed:rss:limit:50:minor:0 and rcfeed:rss:timestamp
225 stores: xml output of feed
227 clear by: calling Special:Recentchanges?action=purge
230 controlled by: $wgStatsMethod
231 key: $wgDBname:stats:$key
232 ex: wikibd:stats:request_with_session
233 stores: counter for statistics (see maintenance/stats.php script)
235 cleared by: maintenance/clear_stats.php script
238 key: $wgDBname:user:id:$sId
239 ex: wikidb:user:id:51
240 stores: instance of class User
241 set in: User::saveToCache()
242 cleared by: User::saveSettings(), User::clearSharedCache()