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[mediawiki.git] / includes / http / MWHttpRequest.php

<?php
/**
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
 * http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
 *
 * @file
 */

use MediaWiki\MainConfigNames;
use MediaWiki\MediaWikiServices;
use MediaWiki\Request\WebRequest;
use MediaWiki\Status\Status;
use MediaWiki\Utils\UrlUtils;
use Psr\Log\LoggerAwareInterface;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
use Psr\Log\NullLogger;
use Wikimedia\Http\TelemetryHeadersInterface;

/**
 * This wrapper class will call out to curl (if available) or fallback
 * to regular PHP if necessary for handling internal HTTP requests.
 *
 * Renamed from HttpRequest to MWHttpRequest to avoid conflict with
 * PHP's HTTP extension.
 */
abstract class MWHttpRequest implements LoggerAwareInterface {
        public const SUPPORTS_FILE_POSTS = false;

        /**
         * @var int|string
         */
        protected $timeout = 'default';

        /** @var string|null */
        protected $content;
        /** @var bool|null */
        protected $headersOnly = null;
        /** @var array|null */
        protected $postData = null;
        /** @var string|null */
        protected $proxy = null;
        /** @var bool */
        protected $noProxy = false;
        /** @var bool */
        protected $sslVerifyHost = true;
        /** @var bool */
        protected $sslVerifyCert = true;
        /** @var string|null */
        protected $caInfo = null;
        /** @var string */
        protected $method = "GET";
        /** @var array */
        protected $reqHeaders = [];
        /** @var string */
        protected $url;
        /** @var array|false */
        protected $parsedUrl;
        /** @var callable */
        protected $callback;
        /** @var int */
        protected $maxRedirects = 5;
        /** @var bool */
        protected $followRedirects = false;
        /** @var int */
        protected $connectTimeout;

        /**
         * @var CookieJar
         */
        protected $cookieJar;

        /** @var array */
        protected $headerList = [];
        /** @var string */
        protected $respVersion = "0.9";
        /** @var string */
        protected $respStatus = "200 Ok";
        /** @var string[][] */
        protected $respHeaders = [];

        /** @var StatusValue */
        protected $status;

        /**
         * @var Profiler
         */
        protected $profiler;

        /**
         * @var string
         */
        protected $profileName;

        /**
         * @var LoggerInterface
         */
        protected $logger;

        private UrlUtils $urlUtils;

        /**
         * @param string $url Url to use. If protocol-relative, will be expanded to an http:// URL
         * @param array $options extra params to pass (see HttpRequestFactory::create())
         * @phpcs:ignore Generic.Files.LineLength
         * @phan-param array{timeout?:int|string,connectTimeout?:int|string,postData?:array,proxy?:string,noProxy?:bool,sslVerifyHost?:bool,sslVerifyCert?:bool,caInfo?:string,maxRedirects?:int,followRedirects?:bool,userAgent?:string,logger?:LoggerInterface,username?:string,password?:string,originalRequest?:WebRequest|array{ip:string,userAgent:string},method?:string} $options
         * @param string $caller The method making this request, for profiling @phan-mandatory-param
         * @param Profiler|null $profiler An instance of the profiler for profiling, or null
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public function __construct(
                $url, array $options, $caller = __METHOD__, ?Profiler $profiler = null
        ) {
                $this->urlUtils = MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getUrlUtils();
                if ( !array_key_exists( 'timeout', $options )
                        || !array_key_exists( 'connectTimeout', $options ) ) {
                        throw new InvalidArgumentException( "timeout and connectionTimeout options are required" );
                }
                $this->url = $this->urlUtils->expand( $url, PROTO_HTTP ) ?? false;
                $this->parsedUrl = $this->urlUtils->parse( (string)$this->url ) ?? false;

                $this->logger = $options['logger'] ?? new NullLogger();
                $this->timeout = $options['timeout'];
                $this->connectTimeout = $options['connectTimeout'];

                if ( !$this->parsedUrl || !self::isValidURI( $this->url ) ) {
                        $this->status = StatusValue::newFatal( 'http-invalid-url', $url );
                } else {
                        $this->status = StatusValue::newGood( 100 ); // continue
                }

                if ( isset( $options['userAgent'] ) ) {
                        $this->setUserAgent( $options['userAgent'] );
                }
                if ( isset( $options['username'] ) && isset( $options['password'] ) ) {
                        $this->setHeader(
                                'Authorization',
                                'Basic ' . base64_encode( $options['username'] . ':' . $options['password'] )
                        );
                }
                if ( isset( $options['originalRequest'] ) ) {
                        $this->setOriginalRequest( $options['originalRequest'] );
                }

                $members = [ "postData", "proxy", "noProxy", "sslVerifyHost", "caInfo",
                                "method", "followRedirects", "maxRedirects", "sslVerifyCert", "callback" ];

                foreach ( $members as $o ) {
                        if ( isset( $options[$o] ) ) {
                                // ensure that MWHttpRequest::method is always
                                // uppercased. T38137
                                if ( $o == 'method' ) {
                                        // @phan-suppress-next-line PhanTypePossiblyInvalidDimOffset False positive
                                        $options[$o] = strtoupper( $options[$o] );
                                }
                                $this->$o = $options[$o];
                        }
                }

                if ( $this->noProxy ) {
                        $this->proxy = ''; // noProxy takes precedence
                }

                // Profile based on what's calling us
                $this->profiler = $profiler;
                $this->profileName = $caller;
        }

        public function setLogger( LoggerInterface $logger ) {
                $this->logger = $logger;
        }

        /**
         * Simple function to test if we can make any sort of requests at all, using
         * cURL or fopen()
         * @return bool
         */
        public static function canMakeRequests() {
                return function_exists( 'curl_init' ) || wfIniGetBool( 'allow_url_fopen' );
        }

        /**
         * Get the body, or content, of the response to the request
         *
         * @return string
         */
        public function getContent() {
                return $this->content;
        }

        /**
         * Set the parameters of the request
         *
         * @param array $args
         * @todo overload the args param
         */
        public function setData( array $args ) {
                $this->postData = $args;
        }

        /**
         * Add Telemetry information to the request
         *
         * @param TelemetryHeadersInterface $telemetry
         * @return void
         */
        public function addTelemetry( TelemetryHeadersInterface $telemetry ): void {
                foreach ( $telemetry->getRequestHeaders() as $header => $value ) {
                        $this->setHeader( $header, $value );
                }
        }

        /**
         * Take care of setting up the proxy (do nothing if "noProxy" is set)
         *
         * @return void
         */
        protected function proxySetup() {
                $httpProxy = MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getMainConfig()->get(
                        MainConfigNames::HTTPProxy );
                $localHTTPProxy = MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getMainConfig()->get(
                        MainConfigNames::LocalHTTPProxy );
                // If proxies are disabled, clear any other proxy
                if ( $this->noProxy ) {
                        $this->proxy = '';
                        return;
                }

                // If there is an explicit proxy already set, use it
                if ( $this->proxy ) {
                        return;
                }

                // Otherwise, fallback to $wgLocalHTTPProxy for local URLs
                // or $wgHTTPProxy for everything else
                if ( self::isLocalURL( $this->url ) ) {
                        if ( $localHTTPProxy !== false ) {
                                $this->setReverseProxy( $localHTTPProxy );
                        }
                } else {
                        $this->proxy = (string)$httpProxy;
                }
        }

        /**
         * Enable use of a reverse proxy in which the hostname is
         * passed as a "Host" header, and the request is sent to the
         * proxy's host:port instead.
         *
         * Note that any custom port in the request URL will be lost
         * and cookies and redirects may not work properly.
         *
         * @param string $proxy URL of proxy
         */
        protected function setReverseProxy( string $proxy ) {
                $parsedProxy = $this->urlUtils->parse( $proxy );
                if ( $parsedProxy === null ) {
                        throw new InvalidArgumentException( "Invalid reverseProxy configured: $proxy" );
                }
                // Set the current host in the Host header
                $this->setHeader( 'Host', $this->parsedUrl['host'] );
                // Replace scheme, host and port in the request
                $this->parsedUrl['scheme'] = $parsedProxy['scheme'];
                $this->parsedUrl['host'] = $parsedProxy['host'];
                if ( isset( $parsedProxy['port'] ) ) {
                        $this->parsedUrl['port'] = $parsedProxy['port'];
                } else {
                        unset( $this->parsedUrl['port'] );
                }
                $this->url = UrlUtils::assemble( $this->parsedUrl );
                // Mark that we're already using a proxy
                $this->noProxy = true;
        }

        /**
         * Check if the URL can be served by a local endpoint
         *
         * @param string $url Full url to check
         * @return bool
         */
        private static function isLocalURL( $url ) {
                $localVirtualHosts = MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getMainConfig()->get(
                        MainConfigNames::LocalVirtualHosts );

                // Extract host part
                $matches = [];
                if ( preg_match( '!^https?://([\w.-]+)[/:].*$!', $url, $matches ) ) {
                        $host = $matches[1];
                        // Split up dotwise
                        $domainParts = explode( '.', $host );
                        // Check if this domain or any superdomain is listed as a local virtual host
                        $domainParts = array_reverse( $domainParts );

                        $domain = '';
                        $countParts = count( $domainParts );
                        for ( $i = 0; $i < $countParts; $i++ ) {
                                $domainPart = $domainParts[$i];
                                if ( $i == 0 ) {
                                        $domain = $domainPart;
                                } else {
                                        $domain = $domainPart . '.' . $domain;
                                }

                                if ( in_array( $domain, $localVirtualHosts ) ) {
                                        return true;
                                }
                        }
                }

                return false;
        }

        /**
         * @param string $UA
         */
        public function setUserAgent( $UA ) {
                $this->setHeader( 'User-Agent', $UA );
        }

        /**
         * Set an arbitrary header
         * @param string $name
         * @param string $value
         */
        public function setHeader( $name, $value ) {
                // I feel like I should normalize the case here...
                $this->reqHeaders[$name] = $value;
        }

        /**
         * Get an array of the headers
         * @return array
         */
        protected function getHeaderList() {
                $list = [];

                if ( $this->cookieJar ) {
                        $this->reqHeaders['Cookie'] =
                                $this->cookieJar->serializeToHttpRequest(
                                        $this->parsedUrl['path'],
                                        $this->parsedUrl['host']
                                );
                }

                foreach ( $this->reqHeaders as $name => $value ) {
                        $list[] = "$name: $value";
                }

                return $list;
        }

        /**
         * Set a read callback to accept data read from the HTTP request.
         * By default, data is appended to an internal buffer which can be
         * retrieved through $req->getContent().
         *
         * To handle data as it comes in -- especially for large files that
         * would not fit in memory -- you can instead set your own callback,
         * in the form function($resource, $buffer) where the first parameter
         * is the low-level resource being read (implementation specific),
         * and the second parameter is the data buffer.
         *
         * You MUST return the number of bytes handled in the buffer; if fewer
         * bytes are reported handled than were passed to you, the HTTP fetch
         * will be aborted.
         *
         * @param callable|null $callback
         * @throws InvalidArgumentException
         */
        public function setCallback( $callback ) {
                $this->doSetCallback( $callback );
        }

        /**
         * Worker function for setting callbacks.  Calls can originate both internally and externally
         * via setCallback).  Defaults to the internal read callback if $callback is null.
         *
         * @param callable|null $callback
         * @throws InvalidArgumentException
         */
        protected function doSetCallback( $callback ) {
                if ( $callback === null ) {
                        $callback = [ $this, 'read' ];
                } elseif ( !is_callable( $callback ) ) {
                        $this->status->fatal( 'http-internal-error' );
                        throw new InvalidArgumentException( __METHOD__ . ': invalid callback' );
                }
                $this->callback = $callback;
        }

        /**
         * A generic callback to read the body of the response from a remote
         * server.
         *
         * @param resource $fh
         * @param string $content
         * @return int
         * @internal
         */
        public function read( $fh, $content ) {
                $this->content .= $content;
                return strlen( $content );
        }

        /**
         * Take care of whatever is necessary to perform the URI request.
         *
         * @return Status
         * @note currently returns Status for B/C
         */
        public function execute() {
                throw new LogicException( 'children must override this' );
        }

        protected function prepare() {
                $this->content = "";

                if ( strtoupper( $this->method ) == "HEAD" ) {
                        $this->headersOnly = true;
                }

                $this->proxySetup(); // set up any proxy as needed

                if ( !$this->callback ) {
                        $this->doSetCallback( null );
                }

                if ( !isset( $this->reqHeaders['User-Agent'] ) ) {
                        $http = MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getHttpRequestFactory();
                        $this->setUserAgent( $http->getUserAgent() );
                }
        }

        /**
         * Parses the headers, including the HTTP status code and any
         * Set-Cookie headers.  This function expects the headers to be
         * found in an array in the member variable headerList.
         */
        protected function parseHeader() {
                $lastname = "";

                // Failure without (valid) headers gets a response status of zero
                if ( !$this->status->isOK() ) {
                        $this->respStatus = '0 Error';
                }

                foreach ( $this->headerList as $header ) {
                        if ( preg_match( "#^HTTP/([0-9.]+) (.*)#", $header, $match ) ) {
                                $this->respVersion = $match[1];
                                $this->respStatus = $match[2];
                        } elseif ( preg_match( "#^[ \t]#", $header ) ) {
                                $last = count( $this->respHeaders[$lastname] ) - 1;
                                $this->respHeaders[$lastname][$last] .= "\r\n$header";
                        } elseif ( preg_match( "#^([^:]*):[\t ]*(.*)#", $header, $match ) ) {
                                $this->respHeaders[strtolower( $match[1] )][] = $match[2];
                                $lastname = strtolower( $match[1] );
                        }
                }

                $this->parseCookies();
        }

        /**
         * Sets HTTPRequest status member to a fatal value with the error
         * message if the returned integer value of the status code was
         * not successful (1-299) or a redirect (300-399).
         * See RFC2616, section 10, http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html
         * for a list of status codes.
         */
        protected function setStatus() {
                if ( !$this->respHeaders ) {
                        $this->parseHeader();
                }

                if ( (int)$this->respStatus > 0 && (int)$this->respStatus < 400 ) {
                        $this->status->setResult( true, (int)$this->respStatus );
                } else {
                        [ $code, $message ] = explode( " ", $this->respStatus, 2 );
                        $this->status->setResult( false, (int)$this->respStatus );
                        $this->status->fatal( "http-bad-status", $code, $message );
                }
        }

        /**
         * Get the integer value of the HTTP status code (e.g. 200 for "200 Ok")
         * (see RFC2616, section 10, http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html
         * for a list of status codes.)
         *
         * @return int
         */
        public function getStatus() {
                if ( !$this->respHeaders ) {
                        $this->parseHeader();
                }

                return (int)$this->respStatus;
        }

        /**
         * Returns true if the last status code was a redirect.
         *
         * @return bool
         */
        public function isRedirect() {
                if ( !$this->respHeaders ) {
                        $this->parseHeader();
                }

                $status = (int)$this->respStatus;

                if ( $status >= 300 && $status <= 303 ) {
                        return true;
                }

                return false;
        }

        /**
         * Returns an associative array of response headers after the
         * request has been executed.  Because some headers
         * (e.g. Set-Cookie) can appear more than once the, each value of
         * the associative array is an array of the values given.
         * Header names are always in lowercase.
         *
         * @return array
         */
        public function getResponseHeaders() {
                if ( !$this->respHeaders ) {
                        $this->parseHeader();
                }

                return $this->respHeaders;
        }

        /**
         * Returns the value of the given response header.
         *
         * @param string $header case-insensitive
         * @return string|null
         */
        public function getResponseHeader( $header ) {
                if ( !$this->respHeaders ) {
                        $this->parseHeader();
                }

                if ( isset( $this->respHeaders[strtolower( $header )] ) ) {
                        $v = $this->respHeaders[strtolower( $header )];
                        return $v[count( $v ) - 1];
                }

                return null;
        }

        /**
         * Tells the MWHttpRequest object to use this pre-loaded CookieJar.
         *
         * To read response cookies from the jar, getCookieJar must be called first.
         */
        public function setCookieJar( CookieJar $jar ) {
                $this->cookieJar = $jar;
        }

        /**
         * Returns the cookie jar in use.
         *
         * @return CookieJar
         */
        public function getCookieJar() {
                if ( !$this->respHeaders ) {
                        $this->parseHeader();
                }

                return $this->cookieJar;
        }

        /**
         * Sets a cookie. Used before a request to set up any individual
         * cookies. Used internally after a request to parse the
         * Set-Cookie headers.
         * @see Cookie::set
         * @param string $name
         * @param string $value
         * @param array $attr
         */
        public function setCookie( $name, $value, array $attr = [] ) {
                if ( !$this->cookieJar ) {
                        $this->cookieJar = new CookieJar;
                }

                if ( $this->parsedUrl && !isset( $attr['domain'] ) ) {
                        $attr['domain'] = $this->parsedUrl['host'];
                }

                $this->cookieJar->setCookie( $name, $value, $attr );
        }

        /**
         * Parse the cookies in the response headers and store them in the cookie jar.
         */
        protected function parseCookies() {
                if ( !$this->cookieJar ) {
                        $this->cookieJar = new CookieJar;
                }

                if ( isset( $this->respHeaders['set-cookie'] ) ) {
                        $url = parse_url( $this->getFinalUrl() );
                        if ( !isset( $url['host'] ) ) {
                                $this->status->fatal( 'http-invalid-url', $this->getFinalUrl() );
                        } else {
                                foreach ( $this->respHeaders['set-cookie'] as $cookie ) {
                                        $this->cookieJar->parseCookieResponseHeader( $cookie, $url['host'] );
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

        /**
         * Returns the final URL after all redirections.
         *
         * Relative values of the "Location" header are incorrect as
         * stated in RFC, however they do happen and modern browsers
         * support them.  This function loops backwards through all
         * locations in order to build the proper absolute URI - Marooned
         * at wikia-inc.com
         *
         * Note that the multiple Location: headers are an artifact of
         * CURL -- they shouldn't actually get returned this way. Rewrite
         * this when T31232 is taken care of (high-level redirect
         * handling rewrite).
         *
         * @return string
         */
        public function getFinalUrl() {
                $headers = $this->getResponseHeaders();

                // return full url (fix for incorrect but handled relative location)
                if ( isset( $headers['location'] ) ) {
                        $locations = $headers['location'];
                        $domain = '';
                        $foundRelativeURI = false;
                        $countLocations = count( $locations );

                        for ( $i = $countLocations - 1; $i >= 0; $i-- ) {
                                $url = parse_url( $locations[$i] );

                                if ( isset( $url['scheme'] ) && isset( $url['host'] ) ) {
                                        $domain = $url['scheme'] . '://' . $url['host'];
                                        break; // found correct URI (with host)
                                } else {
                                        $foundRelativeURI = true;
                                }
                        }

                        if ( !$foundRelativeURI ) {
                                return $locations[$countLocations - 1];
                        }
                        if ( $domain ) {
                                return $domain . $locations[$countLocations - 1];
                        }
                        $url = parse_url( $this->url );
                        if ( isset( $url['scheme'] ) && isset( $url['host'] ) ) {
                                return $url['scheme'] . '://' . $url['host'] .
                                        $locations[$countLocations - 1];
                        }
                }

                return $this->url;
        }

        /**
         * Returns true if the backend can follow redirects. Overridden by the
         * child classes.
         * @return bool
         */
        public function canFollowRedirects() {
                return true;
        }

        /**
         * Set information about the original request. This can be useful for
         * endpoints/API modules which act as a proxy for some service, and
         * throttling etc. needs to happen in that service.
         * Calling this will result in the X-Forwarded-For and X-Original-User-Agent
         * headers being set.
         * @param WebRequest|array $originalRequest When in array form, it's
         *   expected to have the keys 'ip' and 'userAgent'.
         * @note IP/user agent is personally identifiable information, and should
         *   only be set when the privacy policy of the request target is
         *   compatible with that of the MediaWiki installation.
         */
        public function setOriginalRequest( $originalRequest ) {
                if ( $originalRequest instanceof WebRequest ) {
                        $originalRequest = [
                                'ip' => $originalRequest->getIP(),
                                'userAgent' => $originalRequest->getHeader( 'User-Agent' ),
                        ];
                } elseif (
                        !is_array( $originalRequest )
                        || array_diff( [ 'ip', 'userAgent' ], array_keys( $originalRequest ) )
                ) {
                        throw new InvalidArgumentException( __METHOD__ . ': $originalRequest must be a '
                                . "WebRequest or an array with 'ip' and 'userAgent' keys" );
                }

                $this->reqHeaders['X-Forwarded-For'] = $originalRequest['ip'];
                $this->reqHeaders['X-Original-User-Agent'] = $originalRequest['userAgent'];
        }

        /**
         * Check that the given URI is a valid one.
         *
         * This hardcodes a small set of protocols only, because we want to
         * deterministically reject protocols not supported by all HTTP-transport
         * methods.
         *
         * "file://" specifically must not be allowed, for security reasons
         * (see <https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:Code/MediaWiki/r67684>).
         *
         * @todo FIXME this is wildly inaccurate and fails to actually check most stuff
         *
         * @since 1.34
         * @param string $uri URI to check for validity
         * @return bool
         */
        public static function isValidURI( $uri ) {
                return (bool)preg_match(
                        '/^https?:\/\/[^\/\s]\S*$/D',
                        $uri
                );
        }
}