1 MediaWiki has optional support for memcached, a "high-performance,
2 distributed memory object caching system". For general information
3 on it, see: http://www.danga.com/memcached/
5 Memcached is likely more trouble than a small site will need, but
6 for a larger site with heavy load, like Wikipedia, it should help
7 lighten the load on the database servers by caching data and objects
12 Packages are available for Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu and probably other
13 Linux distributions. If there's no package available for your
14 distribution, you can compile it from source.
18 * PHP must be compiled with --enable-sockets
20 * libevent: http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
21 (as of 2003-08-11, 0.7a is current)
23 * optionally, epoll-rt patch for Linux kernel:
24 http://www.xmailserver.org/linux-patches/nio-improve.html
26 * memcached: http://www.danga.com/memcached/download.bml
27 (as of this writing, 1.1.9 is current)
29 Memcached and libevent are under BSD-style licenses.
31 The server should run on Linux and other Unix-like systems... you
32 can run multiple servers on one machine or on multiple machines on
33 a network; storage can be distributed across multiple servers, and
34 multiple web servers can use the same cache cluster.
36 ********************* W A R N I N G ! ! ! ! ! ***********************
37 Memcached has no security or authentication. Please ensure that your
38 server is appropriately firewalled, and that the port(s) used for
39 memcached servers are not publicly accessible. Otherwise, anyone on
40 the internet can put data into and read data from your cache.
42 An attacker familiar with MediaWiki internals could use this to steal
43 passwords and email addresses, or to make themselves a sysop and
44 install malicious javascript on the site. There may be other types
45 of vulnerability, no audit has been done -- so be safe and keep it
47 ********************* W A R N I N G ! ! ! ! ! ***********************
51 If you installed memcached using a distro, the daemon should be started
52 automatically using /etc/init.d/memcached.
54 To start the daemon manually, use something like:
56 memcached -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -m 64
58 (to run in daemon mode, accessible only via loopback interface,
59 on port 11211, using up to 64MB of memory)
61 In your LocalSettings.php file, set:
63 $wgMainCacheType = CACHE_MEMCACHED;
64 $wgMemCachedServers = array( "127.0.0.1:11211" );
66 The wiki should then use memcached to cache various data. To use
67 multiple servers (physically separate boxes or multiple caches
68 on one machine on a large-memory x86 box), just add more items
69 to the array. To increase the weight of a server (say, because
70 it has twice the memory of the others and you want to spread
71 usage evenly), make its entry a subarray:
73 $wgMemCachedServers = array(
74 "127.0.0.1:11211", # one gig on this box
75 array("192.168.0.1:11211", 2 ) # two gigs on the other box
78 == PHP client for memcached ==
80 MediaWiki uses a fork of Ryan T. Dean's pure-PHP memcached client.
81 It also supports the PECL PHP extension for memcached.
83 MediaWiki uses three object for object caching:
84 * $wgMemc, controlled by $wgMainCacheType
85 * $parserMemc, controlled by $wgParserCacheType
86 * $messageMemc, controlled by $wgMessageCacheType
87 If you set CACHE_NONE to one of the three control variable, (default
88 value for $wgMainCacheType), MediaWiki still create a MemCacheClient,
89 but requests to it are no-ops and we always fall through to the
90 database. If the cache daemon can't be contacted, it should also
91 disable itself fairly smoothly.
93 By default, $wgMemc is used but when it is $parserMemc or $messageMemc
94 this is mentioned below.
98 (incomplete, out of date)
101 key: $wgDBname:dateformatter
102 ex: wikidb:dateformatter
103 stores: a single instance of the DateFormatter class
108 key: $wgDBname:diff:version:{MW_DIFF_VERSION}:oldid:$old:newid:$new
109 ex: wikidb:diff:version:1.11a:oldid:1:newid:2
110 stores: body of a difference
115 key: $wgDBname:interwiki:$prefix
116 ex: wikidb:interwiki:w
117 stores: object from the interwiki table of the database
118 expiry: $wgInterwikiExpiry
121 Lag time of the databases:
122 key: $wgDBname:lag_times
124 stores: array mapping the database id to its lag time
129 key: $wgDBname:localisation:$lang
130 ex: wikidb:localisation:de
131 stores: array of localisation settings
132 set in: Language::loadLocalisation()
134 cleared by: Language::loadLocalisation()
137 stored in: $messageMemc
138 key: $wgDBname:messages, $wgDBname:messages-hash, $wgDBname:messages-status
139 ex: wikidb:messages, wikidb:messages-hash, wikidb:messages-status
140 stores: an array where the keys are DB keys and the values are messages
141 set in: wfMessage(), Article::editUpdates() and Title::moveTo()
142 expriy: $wgMsgCacheExpiry
146 key: $wgDBname:newtalk:ip:$ip
147 ex: wikidb:newtalk:ip:123.45.67.89
148 stores: integer, 0 or 1
149 set in: User::loadFromDatabase()
150 cleared by: User::saveSettings() # ?
154 stored in: $parserMemc
155 key: $wgDBname:pcache:idhash:$pageid-$renderkey!$hash
156 $pageid: id of the page
157 $renderkey: 1 if action=render, 0 otherwise
158 $hash: hash of user options applied to the page, see ParserOptions::optionsHash()
159 ex: wikidb:pcache:idhash:1-0!1!0!!en!2
160 stores: ParserOutput object
161 modified by: WikiPage::doEditUpdates() or PoolWorkArticleView::doWork()
162 expiry: $wgParserCacheExpireTime or less if it contains short lived functions
164 key: $wgDBname:pcache:idoptions:$pageid
165 stores: CacheTime object with an additional list of used options for the hash,
166 serves as ParserCache pointer.
167 modified by: ParserCache::save()
168 expiry: The same as the ParserCache entry it points to.
171 controlled by: $wgRateLimits
172 key: $wgDBname:limiter:action:$action:ip:$ip,
173 $wgDBname:limiter:action:$action:user:$id,
174 mediawiki:limiter:action:$action:ip:$ip and
175 mediawiki:limiter:action:$action:subnet:$sub
176 ex: wikidb:limiter:action:edit:ip:123.45.67.89,
177 wikidb:limiter:action:edit:user:1012
178 mediawiki:limiter:action:edit:ip:123.45.67.89 and
179 mediawiki:limiter:action:$action:subnet:123.45.67
180 stores: number of action made by user/ip/subnet
182 expiry: expiry set for the action and group in $wgRateLimits
185 Proxy Check: (deprecated)
186 key: $wgDBname:proxy:ip:$ip
187 ex: wikidb:proxy:ip:123.45.67.89
188 stores: 1 if the ip is a proxy
190 expiry: $wgProxyMemcExpiry
193 key: $wgDBname:revisiontext:textid:$id
194 ex: wikidb:revisiontext:textid:1012
195 stores: text of a revision
197 expriry: $wgRevisionCacheExpiry
200 controlled by: $wgSessionsInObjectCache
201 key: $wgBDname:session:$id
202 ex: wikidb:session:38d7c5b8d3bfc51egf40c69bc40f8be3
203 stores: $SESSION, useful when using a multi-sever wiki
205 cleared by: session_destroy()
208 stored in: $parserMemc
209 controlled by: $wgEnableSidebarCache
210 key: $wgDBname:sidebar
212 stores: the html output of the sidebar
213 expriy: $wgSidebarCacheExpiry
214 cleared by: MessageCache::replace()
217 key: $wgDBname:allpages:ns:$ns
218 ex: wikidb:allpages:ns:0
219 stores: array of pages in a namespace
223 Special:Recentchanges (feed):
224 stored in: $messageMemc
225 key: $wgDBname:rcfeed:$format:$limit:$hideminor:$target and
226 rcfeed:$format:timestamp
227 ex: wikidb:rcfeed:rss:50:: and rcfeed:rss:timestamp
228 stores: xml output of feed
230 clear by: maintenance/rebuildrecentchanges.php script, or
231 calling Special:Recentchanges?action=purge&feed=rss,
232 Special:Recentchanges?action=purge&feed=atom,
233 but note need $wgGroupPermissions[...]['purge'] permission.
236 controlled by: $wgStatsMethod
237 key: $wgDBname:stats:$key
238 ex: wikibd:stats:request_with_session
239 stores: counter for statistics (see maintenance/showCacheStats.php script)
241 cleared by: maintenance/clearCacheStats.php script
244 key: $wgDBname:user:id:$sId
245 ex: wikidb:user:id:51
246 stores: instance of class User
247 set in: User::saveToCache()
248 cleared by: User::saveSettings(), User::clearSharedCache()