test/t40d.c

   1 /* t40d.c
   2  *
   3  * Test FIFOs and pipes
   4  *
   5  * Select works on regular files, (pseudo) terminal devices, streams-based
   6  * files, FIFOs, pipes, and sockets. This test verifies selecting for FIFOs
   7  * (named pipes) and pipes (anonymous pipes). This test will not verify most
   8  * error file descriptors, as the setting of this fdset in the face of an error
   9  * condition is implementation-specific (except for regular files (alway set)
  10  * and sockets (protocol-specific or OOB data received), but those file types
  11  * are not being tested in this specific test).
  12  *
  13  * This test is part of a bigger select test. It expects as argument which sub-
  14  * test it is.
  15  *
  16  * [1] If a socket has a pending error, it shall be considered to have an
  17  * exceptional condition pending. Otherwise, what constitutes an exceptional
  18  * condition is file type-specific. For a file descriptor for use with a
  19  * socket, it is protocol-specific except as noted below. For other file types
  20  * it is implementation-defined. If the operation is meaningless for a
  21  * particular file type, pselect() or select() shall indicate that the
  22  * descriptor is ready for read or write operations, and shall indicate that
  23  * the descriptor has no exceptional condition pending.
  24  */
  25
  26 #include <stdio.h>
  27 #include <stdlib.h>
  28 #include <unistd.h>
  29 #include <sys/types.h>
  30 #include <sys/stat.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/select.h>
  33 #include <errno.h>
  34 #include <sys/wait.h>
  35 #include <string.h>
  36 #include <time.h>
  37 #include <assert.h>
  38
  39 #define NAMEDPIPE1 "selecttestd-1"
  40 #define NAMEDPIPE2 "selecttestd-2"
  41 #define SENDSTRING "minixrocks"
  42 #define DO_HANDLEDATA 1
  43 #define DO_PAUSE 3
  44 #define DO_TIMEOUT 7
  45 #define MAX_ERROR 5
  46
  47 int errct = 0, subtest = -1;
  48 char errbuf[1000];
  49 int fd_ap[2]; /* Anonymous pipe; read from fd_ap[0], write to fd_ap[1] */
  50 int fd_np1; /* Named pipe */
  51 int fd_np2; /* Named pipe */
  52
  53 void e(int n, char *s) {
  54   printf("Subtest %d, error %d, %s\n", subtest, n, s);
  55
  56   if (errct++ > MAX_ERROR) {
  57     printf("Too many errors; test aborted\n");
  58     exit(errct);
  59   }
  60 }
  61
  62 void do_child(void) {
  63   struct timeval tv;
  64   int retval;
  65
  66   /* Open named pipe for writing. This will block until a reader arrives. */
  67   if((fd_np1 = open(NAMEDPIPE1, O_WRONLY)) == -1) {
  68     printf("Error opening %s for writing, signalling parent to quit\n",
  69            NAMEDPIPE1);
  70     perror(NULL);
  71     printf("Please make sure that %s is not in use while running this test\n",
  72            NAMEDPIPE1);
  73     exit(-1);
  74   }
  75
  76   /* Going to sleep for three seconds to allow the parent proc to get ready */
  77   tv.tv_sec = DO_HANDLEDATA;
  78   tv.tv_usec = 0;
  79   select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
  80
  81   /* Try to write. Doesn't matter how many bytes we actually send. */
  82   retval = write(fd_np1, SENDSTRING, strlen(SENDSTRING));
  83
  84   /* Wait for another second to allow the parent to process incoming data */
  85   tv.tv_sec = DO_HANDLEDATA;
  86   tv.tv_usec = 0;
  87   retval = select(0,NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
  88
  89   close(fd_np1);
  90
  91   /* Wait for another second to allow the parent to process incoming data */
  92   tv.tv_sec = DO_HANDLEDATA;
  93   tv.tv_usec = 0;
  94   retval = select(0,NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
  95
  96   /* Open named pipe for reading. This will block until a writer arrives. */
  97   if((fd_np2 = open(NAMEDPIPE2, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
  98     printf("Error opening %s for reading, signalling parent to quit\n",
  99            NAMEDPIPE2);
 100     perror(NULL);
 101     printf("Please make sure that %s is not in use while running this test\n",
 102            NAMEDPIPE2);
 103     exit(-1);
 104   }
 105
 106   /* Wait for another second to allow the parent to run some tests. */
 107   tv.tv_sec = DO_HANDLEDATA;
 108   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 109   retval = select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
 110
 111   close(fd_np2);
 112
 113   /*                             Anonymous pipe                              */
 114
 115   /* Let the parent do initial read and write tests from and to the pipe. */
 116   tv.tv_sec = DO_PAUSE;
 117   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 118   retval = select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
 119
 120   /* Unblock blocking read select by writing data */
 121   if(write(fd_ap[1], SENDSTRING, strlen(SENDSTRING)) < 0) {
 122     perror("Could not write to anonymous pipe");
 123     exit(-1);
 124   }
 125
 126   exit(0);
 127 }
 128
 129 int count_fds(int nfds, fd_set *fds) {
 130   /* Return number of bits set in fds */
 131   int i, result = 0;
 132   assert(fds != NULL && nfds > 0);
 133   for(i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
 134     if(FD_ISSET(i, fds)) result++;
 135   }
 136   return result;
 137 }
 138
 139 int empty_fds(int nfds, fd_set *fds) {
 140   /* Returns nonzero if the first bits up to nfds in fds are not set */
 141   int i;
 142   assert(fds != NULL && nfds > 0);
 143   for(i = 0; i < nfds; i++) if(FD_ISSET(i, fds)) return 0;
 144   return 1;
 145 }
 146
 147 int compare_fds(int nfds, fd_set *lh, fd_set *rh) {
 148   /* Returns nonzero if lh equals rh up to nfds bits */
 149   int i;
 150   assert(lh != NULL && rh != NULL && nfds > 0);
 151   for(i = 0; i < nfds; i++) {
 152     if((FD_ISSET(i, lh) && !FD_ISSET(i, rh)) ||
 153        (!FD_ISSET(i, lh) && FD_ISSET(i, rh))) {
 154       return 0;
 155     }
 156   }
 157   return 1;
 158 }
 159
 160 void dump_fds(int nfds, fd_set *fds) {
 161   /* Print a graphical representation of bits in fds */
 162   int i;
 163   if(fds != NULL && nfds > 0) {
 164     for(i = 0; i < nfds; i++) printf("%d ", (FD_ISSET(i, fds) ? 1 : 0));
 165     printf("\n");
 166   }
 167 }
 168
 169 void do_parent(int child) {
 170   fd_set fds_read, fds_write, fds_error;
 171   fd_set fds_compare_read, fds_compare_write;
 172   struct timeval tv;
 173   time_t start, end;
 174   int retval;
 175   char buf[20];
 176
 177   /* Open named pipe for reading. This will block until a writer arrives. */
 178   if((fd_np1 = open(NAMEDPIPE1, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
 179     printf("Error opening %s for reading\n", NAMEDPIPE1);
 180     perror(NULL);
 181     printf("Please make sure that %s is not in use while running this test.\n",
 182            NAMEDPIPE1);
 183     waitpid(child, &retval, 0);
 184     exit(-1);
 185   }
 186
 187   /* Clear bit masks */
 188   FD_ZERO(&fds_read); FD_ZERO(&fds_write);
 189   /* Set read and write bits */
 190   FD_SET(fd_np1, &fds_read);
 191   FD_SET(fd_np1, &fds_write);
 192   tv.tv_sec = DO_TIMEOUT;
 193   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 194
 195   /* Test if we can read or write from/to fd_np1. As fd_np1 is opened read only
 196    * we cannot actually write, so the select should return immediately [1] and
 197    * the offending bit set in the fd set. We read from a pipe that is opened
 198    * with O_NONBLOCKING cleared, so it is guaranteed we can read.
 199    * However, at this moment the writer is sleeping, so the pipe is empty and
 200    * read is supposed to block. Therefore, only 1 file descriptor should be
 201    * ready. A timeout value is still set in case an error occurs in a faulty
 202    * implementation. */
 203   retval = select(fd_np1+1, &fds_read, &fds_write, NULL, &tv);
 204
 205   /* Did we receive an error? */
 206   if(retval <= 0) {
 207     snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
 208              "one fd should be set%s", (retval == 0 ? " (TIMEOUT)" : ""));
 209     e(1, errbuf);
 210   }
 211
 212   if(!empty_fds(fd_np1+1,&fds_read)) e(2, "no read bits should be set");
 213
 214
 215   /* Make sure the write bit is set (and just 1 bit) */
 216   FD_ZERO(&fds_compare_write); FD_SET(fd_np1, &fds_compare_write);
 217   if(!compare_fds(fd_np1+1, &fds_compare_write, &fds_write))
 218     e(3, "write should be set");
 219
 220   /* Clear sets and set up new bit masks */
 221   FD_ZERO(&fds_read); FD_ZERO(&fds_write);
 222   FD_SET(fd_np1, &fds_read);
 223   tv.tv_sec = DO_TIMEOUT; /* To make sure we get to see some error messages
 224                              instead of blocking forever when the
 225                              implementation is faulty. A timeout causes retval
 226                              to be 0. */
 227   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 228   /* The sleeping writer is about to wake up and write data to the pipe. */
 229   retval = select(fd_np1+1, &fds_read, &fds_write, NULL, &tv);
 230
 231   /* Correct amount of ready file descriptors? Just 1 read */
 232   if(retval != 1) {
 233     snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
 234              "one fd should be set%s", (retval == 0 ? " (TIMEOUT)" : ""));
 235     e(4, errbuf);
 236   }
 237
 238   if(!FD_ISSET(fd_np1, &fds_read)) e(5, "read should be set");
 239
 240   /* Note that we left the write set empty. This should be equivalent to
 241    * setting this parameter to NULL. */
 242   if(!empty_fds(fd_np1+1, &fds_write)) e(6, "write should NOT be set");
 243
 244   /* In case something went wrong above, we might end up with a child process
 245    * blocking on a write call we close the file descriptor now. Synchronize on
 246    * a read. */
 247   if(read(fd_np1, buf, sizeof(SENDSTRING)) < 0) perror("Read error");
 248
 249   /* Close file descriptor. We're going to reverse the test */
 250   close(fd_np1);
 251
 252   /* Wait for a second to allow the child to close the pipe as well */
 253   tv.tv_sec = DO_HANDLEDATA;
 254   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 255   retval = select(0,NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv);
 256
 257   /* Open named pipe for writing. This call blocks until a reader arrives. */
 258   if((fd_np2 = open(NAMEDPIPE2, O_WRONLY)) == -1) {
 259     printf("Error opening %s for writing\n",
 260            NAMEDPIPE2);
 261     perror(NULL);
 262     printf("Please make sure that %s is not in use while running this test\n",
 263            NAMEDPIPE2);
 264     exit(-1);
 265   }
 266
 267   /* At this moment the child process has opened the named pipe for reading and
 268    * we have opened it for writing. We're now going to reverse some of the
 269    * tests we've done earlier. */
 270
 271   /* Clear sets and set up bit masks */
 272   FD_ZERO(&fds_read); FD_ZERO(&fds_write); FD_ZERO(&fds_error);
 273   FD_SET(fd_np2, &fds_read);
 274   FD_SET(fd_np2, &fds_write);
 275   tv.tv_sec = DO_TIMEOUT;
 276   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 277   /* Select for reading from an fd opened O_WRONLY. This should return
 278    * immediately as it is not a meaningful operation [1] and is therefore not
 279    * blocking. The select should return two file descriptors are ready (the
 280    * failing read and valid write). */
 281
 282   retval = select(fd_np2+1, &fds_read, &fds_write, &fds_error, &tv);
 283
 284   /* Did we receive an error? */
 285   if(retval <= 0) {
 286     snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
 287              "two fds should be set%s", (retval == 0 ? " (TIMEOUT)" : ""));
 288     e(7, errbuf);
 289   }
 290
 291   /* Make sure read bit is set (and just 1 bit) */
 292   FD_ZERO(&fds_compare_read); FD_SET(fd_np2, &fds_compare_read);
 293   if(!compare_fds(fd_np2+1, &fds_compare_read, &fds_read))
 294     e(8, "read should be set");
 295
 296   /* Write bit should be set (and just 1 bit) */
 297   FD_ZERO(&fds_compare_write); FD_SET(fd_np2, &fds_compare_write);
 298   if(!compare_fds(fd_np2+1, &fds_compare_write, &fds_write))
 299     e(9, "write should be set");
 300
 301   if(!empty_fds(fd_np2+1, &fds_error))
 302     e(10, "Error should NOT be set");
 303
 304   FD_ZERO(&fds_read); FD_ZERO(&fds_write);
 305   FD_SET(fd_np2, &fds_write);
 306   tv.tv_sec = DO_TIMEOUT;
 307   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 308   retval = select(fd_np2+1, &fds_read, &fds_write, NULL, &tv);
 309
 310   /* Correct amount of ready file descriptors? Just 1 write */
 311   if(retval != 1) {
 312     snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
 313              "one fd should be set%s", (retval == 0 ? " (TIMEOUT)" : ""));
 314     e(11, errbuf);
 315   }
 316
 317   if(!empty_fds(fd_np2+1, &fds_read)) e(12, "read should NOT be set");
 318
 319   /*                             Anonymous pipe                              */
 320
 321   /* Check if we can write to the pipe */
 322   FD_ZERO(&fds_read); FD_ZERO(&fds_write);
 323   FD_SET(fd_ap[1], &fds_write);
 324   tv.tv_sec = DO_TIMEOUT;
 325   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 326   retval = select(fd_ap[1]+1, NULL, &fds_write, NULL, &tv);
 327
 328   /* Correct amount of ready file descriptors? Just 1 write */
 329   if(retval != 1) {
 330     snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
 331              "one fd should be set%s", (retval == 0 ? " (TIMEOUT)" : ""));
 332     e(13, errbuf);
 333   }
 334
 335   /* Make sure write bit is set (and just 1 bit) */
 336   FD_ZERO(&fds_compare_write); FD_SET(fd_ap[1], &fds_compare_write);
 337   if(!compare_fds(fd_ap[1]+1, &fds_compare_write, &fds_write))
 338     e(14, "write should be set");
 339
 340   /* Intentionally test reading from pipe and letting it time out. */
 341   FD_SET(fd_ap[0], &fds_read);
 342   tv.tv_sec = 1;
 343   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 344   start = time(NULL);
 345   retval = select(fd_ap[0]+1, &fds_read, NULL, NULL, &tv);
 346   end = time(NULL);
 347
 348   /* Did we time out? */
 349   if(retval != 0) e(15, "we should have timed out");
 350
 351   /* Did it take us approximately 1 second? */
 352   if((int) (end - start) != 1) {
 353     snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
 354              "time out is not 1 second (instead, it is %ld)",
 355              (long int) (end - start));
 356     e(16, errbuf);
 357   }
 358
 359   /* Do another read, but this time we expect incoming data from child. */
 360   FD_ZERO(&fds_read);
 361   FD_SET(fd_ap[0], &fds_read);
 362   tv.tv_sec = DO_TIMEOUT;
 363   tv.tv_usec = 0;
 364   retval = select(fd_ap[0]+1, &fds_read, NULL, NULL, &tv);
 365
 366   /* Correct amount of ready file descriptors? Just 1 read. */
 367   if(retval != 1) e(17, "one fd should be set");
 368
 369   /* Is the read bit set? And just 1 bit. */
 370   FD_ZERO(&fds_compare_read); FD_SET(fd_ap[0], &fds_compare_read);
 371   if(!compare_fds(fd_ap[0]+1, &fds_compare_read, &fds_read))
 372     e(18, "read should be set.");
 373
 374   /* By convention fd_ap[0] is meant to be used for reading from the pipe and
 375    * fd_ap[1] is meant for writing, where fd_ap is a an anonymous pipe.
 376    * However, it is unspecified what happens when fd_ap[0] is used for writing
 377    * and fd_ap[1] for reading. (It is unsupported on Minix.) As such, it is not
 378    * necessary to make test cases for wrong pipe file descriptors using select.
 379    */
 380
 381   waitpid(child, &retval, 0);
 382   unlink(NAMEDPIPE2);
 383   unlink(NAMEDPIPE1);
 384   exit(errct);
 385 }
 386
 387 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
 388   int forkres;
 389
 390   /* Get subtest number */
 391   if(argc != 2) {
 392     printf("Usage: %s subtest_no\n", argv[0]);
 393     exit(-2);
 394   } else if(sscanf(argv[1], "%d", &subtest) != 1) {
 395     printf("Usage: %s subtest_no\n", argv[0]);
 396     exit(-2);
 397   }
 398
 399   /* Set up anonymous pipe */
 400   if(pipe(fd_ap) < 0) {
 401     perror("Could not create anonymous pipe");
 402     exit(-1);
 403   }
 404
 405   /* Create named pipe2. It is unlinked by do_parent. */
 406   if(mkfifo(NAMEDPIPE1, 0600) < 0) {
 407     printf("Could not create named pipe %s", NAMEDPIPE1);
 408     perror(NULL);
 409     exit(-1);
 410   }
 411
 412   if(mkfifo(NAMEDPIPE2, 0600) < 0) {
 413     printf("Could not create named pipe %s", NAMEDPIPE2);
 414     perror(NULL);
 415     exit(-1);
 416   }
 417
 418   forkres = fork();
 419   if(forkres == 0) do_child();
 420   else if(forkres > 0)  do_parent(forkres);
 421   else { /* Fork failed */
 422     perror("Unable to fork");
 423     exit(-1);
 424   }
 425
 426   exit(-2); /* We're not supposed to get here. Both do_* routines should exit*/
 427
 428 }