sbin/newfs_ext2fs/newfs_ext2fs.c

   1 /*      $NetBSD: newfs_ext2fs.c,v 1.8 2009/03/02 10:38:13 tsutsui Exp $ */
   2
   3 /*
   4  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
   5  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   6  *
   7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   9  * are met:
  10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  17  *    without specific prior written permission.
  18  *
  19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  30  */
  31
  32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  33 #ifndef lint
  34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\
  35  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
  36 #endif /* not lint */
  37
  38 #ifndef lint
  39 #if 0
  40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c     8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95";
  41 #else
  42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs_ext2fs.c,v 1.8 2009/03/02 10:38:13 tsutsui Exp $");
  43 #endif
  44 #endif /* not lint */
  45
  46 /*
  47  * newfs: friendly front end to mke2fs
  48  */
  49 #include <sys/param.h>
  50 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  51 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
  52 #include <sys/disk.h>
  53 #include <sys/file.h>
  54 #include <sys/mount.h>
  55
  56 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs.h>
  57 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs_dinode.h>
  58
  59 #include <disktab.h>
  60 #include <err.h>
  61 #include <errno.h>
  62 #include <limits.h>
  63 #include <paths.h>
  64 #include <stdio.h>
  65 #include <stdlib.h>
  66 #include <string.h>
  67 #include <unistd.h>
  68 #include <util.h>
  69 #include <mntopts.h>
  70
  71 #include <minix/partition.h>
  72
  73 #include "extern.h"
  74 #include "partutil.h"
  75
  76 static int64_t strsuftoi64(const char *, const char *, int64_t, int64_t, int *);
  77 static void usage(void) __dead;
  78
  79 /*
  80  * For file systems smaller than SMALL_FSSIZE we use the S_DFL_* defaults,
  81  * otherwise if less than MEDIUM_FSSIZE use M_DFL_*, otherwise use
  82  * L_DFL_*.
  83  */
  84 #define SMALL_FSSIZE    ((4 * 1024 * 1024) / sectorsize)        /* 4MB */
  85 #define S_DFL_BSIZE     1024
  86 #define MEDIUM_FSSIZE   ((512 * 1024 * 1024) / sectorsize)      /* 512MB */
  87 #define M_DFL_BSIZE     1024
  88 #define L_DFL_BSIZE     4096
  89
  90 /*
  91  * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
  92  * We allocate one inode slot per 2, 4, or 8 blocks, expecting this
  93  * to be far more than we will ever need.
  94  */
  95 #define S_DFL_NINODE(blocks)    ((blocks) / 8)
  96 #define M_DFL_NINODE(blocks)    ((blocks) / 4)
  97 #define L_DFL_NINODE(blocks)    ((blocks) / 2)
  98
  99 /*
 100  * Default sector size.
 101  */
 102 #define DFL_SECSIZE     512
 103
 104 int     Nflag;                  /* run without writing file system */
 105 int     Oflag = 0;              /* format as conservative REV0 by default */
 106 int     verbosity;              /* amount of printf() output */
 107 #define DEFAULT_VERBOSITY 3     /* 4 is traditional behavior of newfs(8) */
 108 int64_t fssize;                 /* file system size */
 109 uint    sectorsize;             /* bytes/sector */
 110 uint16_t inodesize = EXT2_REV0_DINODE_SIZE;     /* inode size */
 111 uint    fsize = 0;              /* fragment size */
 112 uint    bsize = 0;              /* block size */
 113 uint    minfree = MINFREE;      /* free space threshold */
 114 uint    density;                /* number of bytes per inode */
 115 uint    num_inodes;             /* number of inodes (overrides density) */
 116 char    *volname = NULL;        /* volume name */
 117
 118 #ifndef __minix
 119 static char *disktype = NULL;
 120 #endif
 121 static char device[MAXPATHLEN];
 122
 123 static const char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label";
 124
 125 int
 126 main(int argc, char *argv[])
 127 {
 128 #ifndef __minix
 129         struct disk_geom geo;
 130         struct dkwedge_info dkw;
 131         struct statvfs *mp;
 132         char *s2;
 133         int len, n;
 134 #else
 135         u64_t minix_fssize;
 136 #endif
 137         struct stat sb;
 138         int ch, fsi, fso, Fflag, Iflag, Zflag;
 139         char *cp, *s1, *special;
 140         const char *opstring;
 141         int byte_sized;
 142         uint blocks;                    /* number of blocks */
 143
 144         cp = NULL;
 145         fso = -1;
 146         Fflag = Iflag = Zflag = 0;
 147         verbosity = -1;
 148         opstring = "D:FINO:S:V:Zb:f:i:l:m:n:s:v:B:";
 149         byte_sized = 0;
 150         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1)
 151                 switch (ch) {
 152                 case 'D':
 153                         inodesize = (uint16_t)strtol(optarg, &s1, 0);
 154                         if (*s1 || (inodesize != 128 && inodesize != 256))
 155                                 errx(1, "Bad inode size %d "
 156                                     "(only 128 and 256 supported)", inodesize);
 157                         break;
 158                 case 'F':
 159                         Fflag = 1;
 160                         break;
 161 #ifndef __minix
 162                 case 'I':
 163                         Iflag = 1;
 164                         break;
 165 #endif
 166                 case 'N':
 167                         Nflag = 1;
 168                         if (verbosity == -1)
 169                                 verbosity = DEFAULT_VERBOSITY;
 170                         break;
 171                 case 'O':
 172                         Oflag = strsuftoi64("format", optarg, 0, 1, NULL);
 173                         break;
 174                 case 'S':
 175                         /*
 176                          * XXX:
 177                          * non-512 byte sectors almost certainly don't work.
 178                          */
 179                         sectorsize = strsuftoi64("sector size",
 180                             optarg, 512, 65536, NULL);
 181                         if (!powerof2(sectorsize))
 182                                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 183                                     "sector size `%s' is not a power of 2.",
 184                                     optarg);
 185                         break;
 186                 case 'V':
 187                         verbosity = strsuftoi64("verbose", optarg, 0, 4, NULL);
 188                         break;
 189 #ifndef __minix
 190                 case 'Z':
 191                         Zflag = 1;
 192                         break;
 193 #endif
 194                 case 'B':
 195                 case 'b':
 196                         bsize = strsuftoi64("block size",
 197                             optarg, MINBSIZE, EXT2_MAXBSIZE, NULL);
 198                         break;
 199                 case 'f':
 200                         fsize = strsuftoi64("fragment size",
 201                             optarg, MINBSIZE, EXT2_MAXBSIZE, NULL);
 202                         break;
 203                 case 'i':
 204                         density = strsuftoi64("bytes per inode",
 205                             optarg, 1, INT_MAX, NULL);
 206                         break;
 207                 case 'm':
 208                         minfree = strsuftoi64("free space %",
 209                             optarg, 0, 99, NULL);
 210                         break;
 211                 case 'n':
 212                         num_inodes = strsuftoi64("number of inodes",
 213                             optarg, 1, INT_MAX, NULL);
 214                         break;
 215                 case 's':
 216                         fssize = strsuftoi64("file system size",
 217                             optarg, INT64_MIN, INT64_MAX, &byte_sized);
 218                         break;
 219                 case 'v':
 220                         volname = optarg;
 221                         if (volname[0] == '\0')
 222                                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 223                                     "Volume name cannot be zero length");
 224                         break;
 225                 case '?':
 226                 default:
 227                         usage();
 228                 }
 229         argc -= optind;
 230         argv += optind;
 231
 232         if (verbosity == -1)
 233                 /* Default to showing cg info */
 234                 verbosity = DEFAULT_VERBOSITY;
 235
 236         if (argc != 1)
 237                 usage();
 238
 239         memset(&sb, 0, sizeof(sb));
 240 #ifndef __minix
 241         memset(&dkw, 0, sizeof(dkw));
 242 #endif
 243         special = argv[0];
 244         if (Fflag) {
 245                 int fl;
 246                 /*
 247                  * It's a file system image
 248                  * no label, use fixed default for sectorsize.
 249                  */
 250                 if (sectorsize == 0)
 251                         sectorsize = DFL_SECSIZE;
 252
 253                 /* creating image in a regular file */
 254                 if (Nflag)
 255                         fl = O_RDONLY;
 256                 else {
 257                         if (fssize > 0)
 258                                 fl = O_RDWR | O_CREAT;
 259                         else
 260                                 fl = O_RDWR;
 261                 }
 262                 fsi = open(special, fl, 0777);
 263                 if (fsi == -1)
 264                         err(EXIT_FAILURE, "can't open file %s", special);
 265                 if (fstat(fsi, &sb) == -1)
 266                         err(EXIT_FAILURE, "can't fstat opened %s", special);
 267                 if (!Nflag)
 268                         fso = fsi;
 269         } else {        /* !Fflag */
 270                 fsi = opendisk(special, O_RDONLY, device, sizeof(device), 0);
 271                 special = device;
 272                 if (fsi < 0 || fstat(fsi, &sb) == -1)
 273                         err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: open for read", special);
 274
 275 #ifndef __minix
 276                 if (!Nflag) {
 277                         fso = open(special, O_WRONLY, 0);
 278                         if (fso < 0)
 279                                 err(EXIT_FAILURE,
 280                                     "%s: open for write", special);
 281
 282                         /* Bail if target special is mounted */
 283                         n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT);
 284                         if (n == 0)
 285                                 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: getmntinfo", special);
 286
 287                         len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
 288                         s1 = special;
 289                         if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0)
 290                                 s1 += len;
 291
 292                         while (--n >= 0) {
 293                                 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
 294                                 if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) {
 295                                         s2 += len - 1;
 296                                         *s2 = 'r';
 297                                 }
 298                                 if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 ||
 299                                     strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0)
 300                                         errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 301                                             "%s is mounted on %s",
 302                                             special, mp->f_mntonname);
 303                                 ++mp;
 304                         }
 305                 }
 306
 307                 if (getdiskinfo(special, fsi, disktype, &geo, &dkw) == -1)
 308                         errx(EXIT_FAILURE, lmsg, special);
 309
 310                 if (sectorsize == 0) {
 311                         sectorsize = geo.dg_secsize;
 312                         if (sectorsize <= 0)
 313                                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "no default sector size");
 314                 }
 315
 316                 if (dkw.dkw_parent[0]) {
 317                         if (dkw.dkw_size == 0)
 318                                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 319                                     "%s partition is unavailable", special);
 320
 321                         if (!Iflag) {
 322                                 static const char m[] =
 323                                     "%s partition type is not `%s' (or use -I)";
 324                                 if (strcmp(dkw.dkw_ptype, DKW_PTYPE_EXT2FS))
 325                                         errx(EXIT_FAILURE, m,
 326                                             special, "Linux Ext2");
 327                         }
 328                 }
 329 #else
 330          {
 331                 fso = open(special, O_WRONLY, 0);
 332                 if (fso < 0)
 333                         err(EXIT_FAILURE,
 334                             "%s: open for write", special);
 335
 336                 if(minix_sizeup(special, &minix_fssize) < 0)
 337                         errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "minix_sizeup failed");
 338
 339                 fssize = minix_fssize;
 340                 byte_sized = 1;
 341
 342                 if (sectorsize == 0)
 343                         sectorsize = 512;
 344          }
 345 #endif
 346         }
 347
 348         if (byte_sized)
 349                 fssize /= sectorsize;
 350 #ifndef __minix
 351         if (fssize <= 0) {
 352                 if (sb.st_size != 0)
 353                         fssize += sb.st_size / sectorsize;
 354                 else
 355                         fssize += dkw.dkw_size;
 356                 if (fssize <= 0)
 357                         errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 358                             "Unable to determine file system size");
 359         }
 360
 361         if (dkw.dkw_parent[0] && fssize > dkw.dkw_size)
 362                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 363                     "size %" PRIu64 " exceeds maximum file system size on "
 364                     "`%s' of %" PRIu64 " sectors",
 365                     fssize, special, dkw.dkw_size);
 366 #endif
 367
 368         printf("fssize = %lld %d-byte sectors\n", fssize, sectorsize);
 369
 370         /* XXXLUKEM: only ftruncate() regular files ? (dsl: or at all?) */
 371         if (Fflag && fso != -1
 372             && ftruncate(fso, (off_t)fssize * sectorsize) == -1)
 373                 err(1, "can't ftruncate %s to %" PRId64, special, fssize);
 374
 375 #ifndef __minix
 376         if (Zflag && fso != -1) {       /* pre-zero (and de-sparce) the file */
 377                 char *buf;
 378                 int bufsize, i;
 379                 off_t bufrem;
 380
 381                 struct statvfs sfs;
 382                 if (fstatvfs(fso, &sfs) == -1) {
 383                         warn("can't fstatvfs `%s'", special);
 384                         bufsize = 8192;
 385                 } else
 386                         bufsize = sfs.f_iosize;
 387
 388                 if ((buf = calloc(1, bufsize)) == NULL)
 389                         err(1, "can't malloc buffer of %d",
 390                         bufsize);
 391                 bufrem = fssize * sectorsize;
 392                 if (verbosity > 0)
 393                         printf("Creating file system image in `%s', "
 394                             "size %" PRId64 " bytes, in %d byte chunks.\n",
 395                             special, (signed long long) bufrem, bufsize);
 396                 while (bufrem > 0) {
 397                         i = write(fso, buf, MIN(bufsize, bufrem));
 398                         if (i == -1)
 399                                 err(1, "writing image");
 400                         bufrem -= i;
 401                 }
 402                 free(buf);
 403         }
 404 #endif
 405
 406         /* Sort out fragment and block sizes */
 407         if (bsize == 0) {
 408                 bsize = fsize;
 409                 if (bsize == 0) {
 410                         if (fssize < SMALL_FSSIZE)
 411                                 bsize = S_DFL_BSIZE;
 412                         else if (fssize < MEDIUM_FSSIZE)
 413                                 bsize = M_DFL_BSIZE;
 414                         else
 415                                 bsize = L_DFL_BSIZE;
 416                 }
 417         }
 418
 419         if (fsize == 0)
 420                 fsize = bsize;
 421
 422         blocks = fssize * sectorsize / bsize;
 423
 424         fssize = (u64_t) blocks * bsize / sectorsize;
 425
 426         if (num_inodes == 0) {
 427                 if (density != 0)
 428                         num_inodes = fssize / density;
 429                 else {
 430                         if (fssize < SMALL_FSSIZE)
 431                                 num_inodes = S_DFL_NINODE(blocks);
 432                         else if (fssize < MEDIUM_FSSIZE)
 433                                 num_inodes = M_DFL_NINODE(blocks);
 434                         else
 435                                 num_inodes = L_DFL_NINODE(blocks);
 436                 }
 437         }
 438         mke2fs(special, fsi, fso);
 439
 440         if (fsi != -1)
 441                 close(fsi);
 442         if (fso != -1 && fso != fsi)
 443                 close(fso);
 444         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 445 }
 446
 447 static int64_t
 448 strsuftoi64(const char *desc, const char *arg, int64_t min, int64_t max,
 449     int *num_suffix)
 450 {
 451         int64_t result, r1;
 452         int shift = 0;
 453         char *ep;
 454
 455         errno = 0;
 456         r1 = strtoll(arg, &ep, 10);
 457         if (ep[0] != '\0' && ep[1] != '\0')
 458                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 459                     "%s `%s' is not a valid number.", desc, arg);
 460         switch (ep[0]) {
 461         case '\0':
 462         case 's':
 463         case 'S':
 464                 if (num_suffix != NULL)
 465                         *num_suffix = 0;
 466                 break;
 467         case 'g':
 468         case 'G':
 469                 shift += 10;
 470                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 471         case 'm':
 472         case 'M':
 473                 shift += 10;
 474                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 475         case 'k':
 476         case 'K':
 477                 shift += 10;
 478                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 479         case 'b':
 480         case 'B':
 481                 if (num_suffix != NULL)
 482                         *num_suffix = 1;
 483                 break;
 484         default:
 485                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 486                     "`%s' is not a valid suffix for %s.", ep, desc);
 487         }
 488         result = r1 << shift;
 489         if (errno == ERANGE || result >> shift != r1)
 490                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 491                     "%s `%s' is too large to convert.", desc, arg);
 492         if (result < min)
 493                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 494                     "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is less than the minimum (%"
 495                     PRId64 ").", desc, arg, result, min);
 496         if (result > max)
 497                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
 498                     "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is greater than the maximum (%"
 499                     PRId64 ").", desc, arg, result, max);
 500         return result;
 501 }
 502
 503 static const char help_strings[] =
 504         "\t-b bsize\tblock size\n"
 505         "\t-D inodesize\tsize of an inode in bytes (128 or 256)\n"
 506         "\t-F \t\tcreate file system image in regular file\n"
 507         "\t-f fsize\tfragment size\n"
 508         "\t-I \t\tdo not check that the file system type is `Linux Ext2'\n"
 509         "\t-i density\tnumber of bytes per inode\n"
 510         "\t-m minfree\tminimum free space %\n"
 511         "\t-N \t\tdo not create file system, just print out parameters\n"
 512         "\t-n inodes\tnumber of inodes (overrides -i density)\n"
 513         "\t-O N\t\tfilesystem revision: 0 ==> REV0, 1 ==> REV1 (default 0)\n"
 514         "\t-S secsize\tsector size\n"
 515         "\t-s fssize\tfile system size (sectors)\n"
 516         "\t-V verbose\toutput verbosity: 0 ==> none, 4 ==> max\n"
 517         "\t-v volname\text2fs volume name\n"
 518         "\t-Z \t\tpre-zero the image file\n";
 519
 520 static void
 521 usage(void)
 522 {
 523
 524         fprintf(stderr,
 525             "usage: %s [ fsoptions ] special-device\n", getprogname());
 526         fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
 527         fprintf(stderr, "%s", help_strings);
 528
 529         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 530 }