3 vol \- split input on or combine output from several volumes
15 either reads a large input stream from standard input and distributes it
16 over several volumes or combines volumes and sends them to
17 standard output. The size of the volumes is determined automatically if
18 the device supports this, but may be specified before the
19 argument naming the device if automated detection is not possible or if
20 only part of the physical volume is used. The direction of the data is
21 automatically determined by checking whether the input or output of
23 is a file or pipe. Use the
27 flag if you want to specify the direction explicitly, in shell scripts
31 waits for each new volume to be inserted, typing return makes it continue.
32 If no size is explicitely given then the size of the device is determined
33 each time before it is read or written, so it is possible to mix floppies
34 of different sizes. If the size cannot be determined (probably a tape) then
35 the device is assumed to be infinitely big.
37 can be used both for block or character devices. It will buffer the data
38 and use a block size appropriate for fixed or variable block sized tapes.
41 reads or writes 8192 bytes to block devices, usually floppies. Character
42 devices are read or written using a multiple of 512 bytes. This multiple
43 has an upper limit of 32767 bytes (16-bit machine), 64 kb (32-bit), or even
44 1 Mb (32-bit VM). The last partial write to a character device is padded
45 with zeros to the block size. If a character device is a tape device that
48 status call then the reported tape block size will be used as the smallest
49 unit. If the tape is a variable block length device then it is read or
50 written like a block device, 8192 bytes at the time, with a minimum unit
53 All sizes may be suffixed by the letters
59 to multiply the number by mega, kilo, block (512), or word (2). The volume
60 size by default in kilobytes if there is no suffix.
64 Explicitly specify reading or writing. Almost mandatory in scripts.
67 Just one volume, start immediately.
70 Specify the device block size.
73 Specify the maximum read or write size of multiple blocks. The
77 options allow one to modify the block size assumptions that are made above.
80 for block devices or variable length tapes, and
81 .B "\-b 512 \-m 65536"
82 for character devices (32 bit machine.) These options will not override the
83 tape block size found out with an
85 call. The multiple may be larger then the default if
87 can allocate the memory required.
89 To back up a tree to floppies as a compressed tarfile:
92 tar cf \- . | compress | vol /dev/fd0
95 To restore a tree from 720 kb images from possibly bigger floppies:
98 vol 720 /dev/fd0 | uncompress | tar xfp \-
101 Read or write a device with 1024 byte blocks:
104 vol \-b 1k /dev/rsd15
107 Read or write a variable block length tape using blocking factor 20 as used
113 vol \-m 20b /dev/rst5
118 was used in the last example. It sets the size to use to read or write,
120 sets the basic block size that may be written in multiples.