3 ls \- list the contents of a directory
5 \fBls\fP [\fB\-acdfghilnpqrstu1ACDFLMRTX\fP] [\fIname\fP...]
7 For each file argument, list it. For each directory argument, list its
8 contents. The current working directory is listed when no files are named.
9 Information is printed multicolumn on terminals, single column if the output
10 is redirected. The options control what information is shown and how.
13 has two sources other then the command line to draw options from, one is
14 the environment variable
16 that is scanned for option letters when the output of
18 is displayed on a terminal. The other is the name of
22 is linked to another name, then all the characters after the l are used as
23 flags too, except that d, f, r, t and x are translated to D, F, R, T and X.
31 Files whose names start with a dot are by default not listed.
33 Note that standard MINIX 3 doesn't have sockets, and
37 are no-ops on a V1 file system, since only modified times are stored in V1
42 All entries are listed, even
48 Use inode changed time for sorting, listing or searching.
51 Do not list contents of directories, but list the directory itself.
54 Do not sort (should also be: treat a file as a directory, but that
55 can't be implemented portably).
58 Suppress the owner name on a long listing (implies
62 Show file sizes in kilo, mega or gigabytes.
65 I-node number printed in the first column.
68 Long listing: mode, links, owner, group, size and time.
70 uses columns in a wide enough window!)
73 Print numerical user and group id's.
76 Mark directories with a '\fB/\fP'.
79 Print nongraphic characters as '\fB?\fP' (default on terminals).
82 Reverse the sort order.
85 Give the size in kilobytes in the first
91 Sort by time (modified time default), latest first.
94 Use last accessed time for sorting, listing or searching.
100 List all entries, but not
104 (This is the default for privileged users.)
107 Print multicolumn (default on terminals).
110 Distinguish files by type, i.e. regular files together, directories
114 Mark directories with a '\fB/\fP', executables with a '\fB*\fP', \s-2UNIX\s+2
115 domain sockets with a '\fB=\fP', named pipes with a '\fB|\fP' and symbolic
116 links with a '\fB@\fP' behind the name.
119 Print the file referenced by a symbolic link instead of the link.
122 List mode before name (implies
126 List directory trees recursively.
129 Print file times in a long format, e.g. "Oct 24 21:37:41 1996".
132 Print crunched mode and size before name (implies
134 Only the rwx permissions that its caller has on the file are shown, but they
135 are in upper case if the caller owns the file and has given the permission
136 to the callers group or other users. The size is listed in bytes (<= 5K),
137 or rounded up kilo, mega or gigabytes.
145 when viewing files through
148 Is only portable to systems with the same
160 flags are not found on other
162 implementations. (They have their own nonstandard flags.)
164 Kees J. Bot <kjb@cs.vu.nl>