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1 # @(#)southamerica 8.11
2 # <pre>
4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
9 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
11 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
12 #
13 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
14 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
15 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
16 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
17 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
18 #
19 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
20 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
21 #
22 # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
23 # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
24 # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
25 # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
26 # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
27 # in Europe and South America.
28 # -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
29 # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
30 #
31 # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
32 # for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
33 # "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
34 # the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
35 # The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
36 # Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
37 # "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
38 # The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
39 # "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
40 # name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
41 # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
42 # Corrections are welcome!
43 # std dst
44 # -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
45 # -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
46 # -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
47 # -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
49 ###############################################################################
51 ###############################################################################
53 # Argentina
55 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
56 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
57 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
59 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
60 # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
62 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
63 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
64 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
66 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
67 Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
68 Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
69 Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
70 Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
71 Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
72 Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
73 Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
74 Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
75 Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
76 Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
77 Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
78 Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
79 Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
80 Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
81 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
82 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
83 Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
84 Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
85 Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
86 Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
87 Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
88 Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
89 #
90 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
91 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
92 # obtaining the data from the:
93 # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
94 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
95 Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
96 Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
97 #
98 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
99 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
100 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
101 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
102 #
103 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
104 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
105 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
106 # from the International Date Line.
107 Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
108 Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
109 #
110 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
111 # We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
112 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
113 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
114 #
115 # From Fabian L. Arce Jofre (2000-04-04):
116 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
117 # de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
118 # in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
119 #
120 # From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
121 # one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
122 # Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
123 # in effect.... The article is at
124 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
125 # ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
126 # 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
127 # http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
128 # Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
129 #
130 # (2001-06-12):
131 # the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
132 # Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
133 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
134 #
135 # (2001-06-25):
136 # Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
137 # Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
138 # http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
139 # It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
140 # This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
141 # We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
142 #
143 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
144 # Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
145 # its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
146 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
147 # From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
148 # It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
149 # now we'll assume it's for this year only.
150 #
151 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
152 # <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
153 # Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08)
154 # </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
155 # to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value
156 # over Shanks & Pottenger.
157 #
158 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
159 # These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
160 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
161 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
162 #
163 # The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
164 # midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
165 # Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
166 # time in October 17th.
167 #
168 # Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
169 # Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman.
170 #
171 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
172 # ... this weekend, the Province of Tucuman decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
173 # yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
174 # annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
175 #
176 # From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):
177 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ...
178 # "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from
179 # the start. The government had decreed that the measure would take
180 # effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin
181 # three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday....
182 # Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place
183 # on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other
184 # provinces). Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier. So the article
185 # contains a contradiction. I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday
186 # date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del
187 # Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00.
188 #
189 # From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05):
190 # The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone
191 # back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the
192 # new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17).
193 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf
194 #
195 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05):
196 # San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between
197 # Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC-03:00
198 # at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th....
199 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html
200 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
201 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
203 # Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992,
204 # from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
205 # America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, but we
206 # haven't verified this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region.
207 #
208 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
209 #
210 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
211 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
212 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
213 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
214 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
215 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
216 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
217 -3:00 - ART
218 #
219 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
220 # Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Santiago del Estero (SE), Cordoba (CB),
221 # San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
222 #
223 # Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
224 # - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
225 # - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
226 # - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
227 # - San Luis switched to -4:00 on 1990-03-14, then to -3:00 on 1990-10-15,
228 # then to -4:00 on 1991-03-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-06-01.
229 # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
230 # then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
231 #
232 Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
233 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
234 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
235 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
236 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
237 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
238 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
239 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
240 -3:00 - ART
241 #
242 # Tucuman (TM)
243 Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
244 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
245 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
246 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
247 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
248 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
249 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
250 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
251 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
252 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 13
253 -3:00 - ART
254 #
255 # La Rioja (LR)
256 Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
257 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
258 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
259 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
260 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
261 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
262 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
263 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
264 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
265 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
266 -3:00 - ART
267 #
268 # San Juan (SJ)
269 Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
270 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
271 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
272 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
273 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
274 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
275 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
276 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
277 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31
278 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25
279 -3:00 - ART
280 #
281 # Jujuy (JY)
282 Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
283 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
284 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
285 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
286 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
287 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28
288 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17
289 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
290 -3:00 1:00 ARST 1992
291 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
292 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
293 -3:00 - ART
294 #
295 # Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
296 Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
297 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
298 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
299 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
300 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
301 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
302 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
303 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
304 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
305 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
306 -3:00 - ART
307 #
308 # Mendoza (MZ)
309 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
310 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
311 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
312 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
313 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
314 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15
315 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1
316 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
317 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
318 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
319 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
320 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
321 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 23
322 -4:00 - WART 2004 Sep 26
323 -3:00 - ART
324 #
325 # Santa Cruz (SC)
326 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
327 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
328 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
329 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
330 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
331 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
332 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
333 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
334 -3:00 - ART
335 #
336 # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
337 Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
338 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
339 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
340 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
341 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
342 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
343 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 30
344 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
345 -3:00 - ART
347 # Aruba
348 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
349 Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
350 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
351 -4:00 - AST
353 # Bolivia
354 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
355 Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
356 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
357 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
358 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
360 # Brazil
362 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
363 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
364 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
365 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
366 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
367 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
369 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
370 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
371 # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
372 # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
373 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
374 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
376 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
377 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
378 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
379 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
380 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
381 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
382 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
383 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
384 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
385 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
386 # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
387 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
388 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
389 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
390 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
391 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
392 # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
393 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
395 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
396 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
397 # Brazilian official page
398 # </a>
400 # From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
401 # [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
402 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
403 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
405 # From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09):
406 # The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil.
407 #
408 # Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and
409 # the results are known almost immediately. Yesterday, it was the first
410 # round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President,
411 # Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies. Nobody is
412 # counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second
413 # round for the Presidency and also for some Governors. The 2nd round will
414 # take place on October 27th.
415 #
416 # The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands
417 # of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the
418 # Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
419 # the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution
420 # (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)...
422 # From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
423 # It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
424 # modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
425 # with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
427 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10):
428 # The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
429 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
430 # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
431 # </a>.
433 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
434 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
435 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
436 Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
437 Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
438 Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
439 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
440 # revoked DST.
441 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
442 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
443 Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
444 Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
445 Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
446 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
447 Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
448 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
449 # revoked DST.
450 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
451 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
452 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
453 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
454 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
455 Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
456 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
457 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
458 Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
459 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
460 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
461 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
462 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
463 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
464 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
465 Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
466 Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
467 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
468 # revoked DST.
469 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
470 Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
471 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
472 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
473 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
474 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
475 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
476 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
477 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
478 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
479 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
480 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
481 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
482 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
483 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
484 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
485 # with the same exceptions
486 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
487 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
488 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
489 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
490 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
491 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
492 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
493 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
494 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
495 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
496 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
497 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
498 # adopted by same states.
499 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
500 Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
501 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
502 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
503 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22;
504 # web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
505 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
506 # adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
507 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
508 # adds AL, SE.
509 Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
510 Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
511 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
512 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
513 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
514 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
515 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
516 # From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
517 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
518 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
519 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
520 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
521 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
522 #
523 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
524 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
525 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
526 # (1998-02-10)
527 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
528 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
529 # adopted by the same states as before.
530 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
531 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
532 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
533 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
534 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
535 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
536 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
537 Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
538 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
539 # adopted by the same states as before.
540 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
541 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
542 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
543 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
544 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
545 # (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
546 Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
547 Rule Brazil 2001 2006 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
548 # Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
549 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm"></a>
550 Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 S
551 # Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
552 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm"></a>
553 Rule Brazil 2003 only - Oct 19 0:00 1:00 S
554 # Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
555 # <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm"></a>
556 Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
557 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19),
558 # adopted by the same states as before.
559 Rule Brazil 2005 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
560 # Decree <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2006/Decreto/D5920.htm">5,920</a>
561 # (2006-10-03), adopted by the same states as before.
562 Rule Brazil 2006 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
563 Rule Brazil 2007 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
564 # The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
565 # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
566 # For dates after mid-2007, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
567 # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
570 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
571 #
572 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
573 Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
574 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
575 -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30
576 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15
577 -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13
578 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1
579 -2:00 - FNT
580 # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
581 # These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES),
582 # Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE).
583 # Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
584 # it also included the Penedos.
585 #
586 # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
587 # East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
588 # The division between east and west Para is the river Xingu.
589 # In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
590 # the border with Amapa) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
591 Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
592 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
593 -3:00 - BRT
594 #
595 # Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
596 # Paraiba (PB)
597 Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
598 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
599 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
600 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
601 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
602 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
603 -3:00 - BRT
604 #
605 # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
606 Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
607 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
608 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
609 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
610 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
611 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
612 -3:00 - BRT
613 #
614 # Tocantins (TO)
615 Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
616 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
617 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
618 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
619 -3:00 - BRT
620 #
621 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
622 Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
623 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
624 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
625 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
626 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
627 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
628 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
629 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
630 -3:00 - BRT
631 #
632 # Bahia (BA)
633 # There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
634 # of America/Salvador.
635 Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914
636 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
637 -3:00 - BRT
638 #
639 # Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
640 # Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
641 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
642 Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
643 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
644 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
645 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
646 #
647 # Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
648 Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914
649 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
650 #
651 # Mato Grosso (MT)
652 Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
653 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2003 Sep 24
654 -4:00 - AMT 2004 Oct 1
655 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
656 #
657 # west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
658 # West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
659 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
660 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
661 -4:00 - AMT
662 #
663 # Roraima (RR)
664 Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
665 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
666 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
667 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
668 -4:00 - AMT
669 #
670 # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
671 # The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
672 # east from west Amazonas.
673 Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
674 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
675 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
676 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
677 -4:00 - AMT
678 #
679 # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
680 # Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
681 Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
682 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
683 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
684 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
685 -5:00 - ACT
686 #
687 # Acre (AC)
688 Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
689 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
690 -5:00 - ACT
693 # Chile
695 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
696 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
697 # of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
698 # (1998-09-29):
699 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
700 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
701 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
703 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
704 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
705 # on April 3, (one-time change).
707 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
708 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
710 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08):
711 # I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link
712 # from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4
713 # ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15
714 # (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but
715 # anyhow it clears up some doubts too.
717 # From Paul Eggert (2006-12-27):
718 # The following data for Chile and America/Santiago are from
719 # <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm> (2006-09-20), transcribed by
720 # Jesper Norgaard Welen. The data for Pacific/Easter are from Shanks
721 # & Pottenger, except with DST transitions after 1932 cloned from
722 # America/Santiago. The pre-1980 Pacific/Easter data are dubious,
723 # but we have no other source.
725 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
726 Rule Chile 1927 1932 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
727 Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
728 Rule Chile 1942 only - Jun 1 4:00u 0 -
729 Rule Chile 1942 only - Aug 1 5:00u 1:00 S
730 Rule Chile 1946 only - Jul 15 4:00u 1:00 S
731 Rule Chile 1946 only - Sep 1 3:00u 0:00 -
732 Rule Chile 1947 only - Apr 1 4:00u 0 -
733 Rule Chile 1968 only - Nov 3 4:00u 1:00 S
734 Rule Chile 1969 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
735 Rule Chile 1969 only - Nov 23 4:00u 1:00 S
736 Rule Chile 1970 only - Mar 29 3:00u 0 -
737 Rule Chile 1971 only - Mar 14 3:00u 0 -
738 Rule Chile 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
739 Rule Chile 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
740 Rule Chile 1973 only - Sep 30 4:00u 1:00 S
741 Rule Chile 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
742 Rule Chile 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
743 Rule Chile 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
744 Rule Chile 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
745 Rule Chile 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
746 Rule Chile 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
747 Rule Chile 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
748 Rule Chile 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
749 Rule Chile 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
750 Rule Chile 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
751 Rule Chile 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
752 Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
753 Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
754 Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
755 Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
756 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
757 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
758 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
759 Zone America/Santiago -4:42:46 - LMT 1890
760 -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
761 -5:00 - CLT 1916 Jul 1 # Chile Time
762 -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
763 -4:00 - CLT 1919 Jul 1 # Chile Time
764 -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
765 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1947 May 22 # Chile Time
766 -4:00 Chile CL%sT
767 Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:44 - LMT 1890
768 -7:17:28 - EMT 1932 Sep # Easter Mean Time
769 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 13 21:00 # Easter I Time
770 -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
771 #
772 # Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
773 # Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
774 # San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
776 # Colombia
777 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
778 Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S
779 Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
780 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
781 Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
782 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
783 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
784 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
785 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
787 # Curacao
788 #
789 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
790 # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
791 # -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
792 # Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
793 # 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say
794 # Saba Island has been like Curacao.
795 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
796 #
797 # By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become
798 # associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
799 # Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
800 # Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones
801 # though, as far as we know.
802 #
803 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
804 Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
805 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
806 -4:00 - AST
808 # Ecuador
809 #
810 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04):
811 # Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992.
812 # <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and
813 # <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both
814 # talk about "hora Sixto". Leave this alone for now, as we have no data.
815 #
816 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
817 Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
818 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
819 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
820 Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
821 -5:00 - ECT 1986
822 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
824 # Falklands
826 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
827 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
828 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
830 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
831 # via Jesper Norgaard:
832 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
833 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
834 # September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
835 # am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
836 # Sunday 1 September.
838 # From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
839 #
840 # I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
841 # time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
842 # what was said then:
843 #
844 # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
845 # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
846 # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
847 # There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
848 # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
849 # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
850 # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
851 # and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
852 # is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
853 # as UK or Chile."
854 #
855 # I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
856 # 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
857 # not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
858 #
859 # Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
860 # Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
861 # that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
862 # West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
863 # DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
864 # it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
865 #
866 # I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
867 # which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
868 # the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
869 # customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
871 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
872 # For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
873 # better info.
875 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
876 Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
877 Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
878 Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
879 Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
880 Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
881 Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
882 Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
883 Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
884 Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
885 Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
886 Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
887 Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
888 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
889 Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
890 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
891 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
892 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
893 -4:00 Falk FK%sT
895 # French Guiana
896 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
897 Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
898 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
899 -3:00 - GFT
901 # Guyana
902 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
903 Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
904 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
905 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
906 -3:00 - GYT 1991
907 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
908 -4:00 - GYT
910 # Paraguay
911 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
912 # Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
913 # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999
914 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
915 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
916 Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
917 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
918 Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
919 Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
920 Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
921 Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
922 Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
923 Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
924 Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
925 Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
926 Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
927 Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
928 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
929 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
930 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
931 # (10-01).
932 #
933 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
934 # <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
935 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
936 # </a>:
937 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
938 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
939 # system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
940 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
941 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
942 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
943 #
944 Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
945 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
946 Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
947 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
948 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
949 Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
950 # From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
951 # A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
952 # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
953 # April.
954 Rule Para 2002 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
955 Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
956 #
957 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
958 # There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
959 # a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
960 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
961 # Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
962 # From Carlos Raul Perasso via Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
963 # <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf>
964 Rule Para 2004 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
965 Rule Para 2005 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
967 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
968 Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
969 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
970 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
971 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
972 -4:00 Para PY%sT
974 # Peru
975 #
976 # <a href="news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net">
977 # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26):</a>
978 # When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
979 # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
980 #
981 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
982 # Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
984 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
985 Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
986 Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
987 Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
988 Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
989 Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
990 Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
991 Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
992 Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
993 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
994 Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
995 Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
996 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
997 Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
998 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
999 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
1001 # South Georgia
1002 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1003 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
1004 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
1006 # South Sandwich Is
1007 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
1009 # Suriname
1010 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1011 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
1012 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
1013 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
1014 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
1015 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
1016 -3:00 - SRT
1018 # Trinidad and Tobago
1019 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1020 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1021 -4:00 - AST
1023 # Uruguay
1024 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
1025 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
1026 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
1027 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1028 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1029 Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
1030 Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1031 Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
1032 Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
1033 # Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
1034 Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
1035 Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
1036 Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
1037 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1038 Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
1039 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
1040 # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1041 Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS
1042 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
1043 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
1044 Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
1045 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
1046 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
1047 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
1048 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
1049 Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1050 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
1051 Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
1052 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
1053 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
1054 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
1055 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
1056 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
1057 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
1058 Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1059 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
1060 Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1061 Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
1062 Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
1063 Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
1064 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
1065 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
1066 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
1067 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
1068 # Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
1069 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
1070 Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1071 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
1072 Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
1073 Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
1074 # From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
1075 # The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
1076 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm
1077 Rule Uruguay 2004 only - Sep 19 0:00 1:00 S
1078 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
1079 # Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
1080 # save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
1081 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm
1082 Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 -
1083 # From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
1084 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
1085 # This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
1086 # 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
1087 Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
1088 Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 -
1089 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
1090 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
1091 Rule Uruguay 2006 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
1092 Rule Uruguay 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 -
1093 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1094 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
1095 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
1096 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
1097 -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
1099 # Venezuela
1100 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1101 Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
1102 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
1103 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
1104 -4:00 - VET