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30 .\" @(#)dup.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
39 .Nd duplicate an existing file descriptor
47 .Fn dup2 "int oldd" "int newd"
49 .Fn dup3 "int oldd" "int newd" "int flags"
52 duplicates an existing object descriptor and returns its value to
59 is a small non-negative integer index in
60 the per-process descriptor table.
61 The value must be less than the size of the table, which is returned by
63 The new descriptor returned by the call
64 is the lowest numbered descriptor currently not in use by the process.
66 The object referenced by the descriptor does not distinguish
76 are duplicate references to an open
82 calls all move a single pointer into the file,
83 and append mode, non-blocking I/O and asynchronous I/O options
84 are shared between the references.
85 If a separate pointer into the file is desired, a different
86 object reference to the file must be obtained by issuing an
90 The close-on-exec flag on the new file descriptor is unset.
94 the value of the new descriptor
97 If this descriptor is already
98 in use, the descriptor is first deallocated as if a
100 call had been done first.
105 are the same, the call has no effect.
112 to be set on the returned file descriptor.
113 The following flags are valid:
114 .Bl -tag -width O_NONBLOCK -offset indent
120 Sets non-blocking I/O.
128 The value \-1 is returned if an error occurs in either call.
129 The external variable
131 indicates the cause of the error.
133 All three functions may fail if:
137 is not a valid active descriptor
140 is not in the range of valid file descriptors.
145 function may also fail if:
148 Too many descriptors are active.
153 function will also fail if:
181 function is inspired from Linux and appeared in