1 .\" $NetBSD: csh.ap,v 1.1 2007/10/18 18:26:31 tls Exp $
3 .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
4 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
6 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
15 .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
16 .\" without specific prior written permission.
18 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30 .\" @(#)csh.a 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/8/93
33 Appendix \- Special characters
35 The following table lists the special characters of
37 and the \s-2UNIX\s0 system, giving for each the section(s) in which it
39 A number of these characters also have special meaning in expressions.
46 Syntactic metacharacters
48 ; 2.4 separates commands to be executed sequentially
49 | 1.5 separates commands in a pipeline
50 ( ) 2.2,3.6 brackets expressions and variable values
51 & 2.5 follows commands to be executed without waiting for completion
54 Filename metacharacters
56 / 1.6 separates components of a file's pathname
57 \&. 1.6 separates root parts of a file name from extensions
58 ? 1.6 expansion character matching any single character
59 * 1.6 expansion character matching any sequence of characters
60 [ ] 1.6 expansion sequence matching any single character from a set
61 ~ 1.6 used at the beginning of a filename to indicate home directories
62 { } 4.2 used to specify groups of arguments with common parts
65 Quotation metacharacters
67 \e 1.7 prevents meta-meaning of following single character
68 \' 1.7 prevents meta-meaning of a group of characters
69 " 4.3 like \', but allows variable and command expansion
72 Input/output metacharacters
74 < 1.5 indicates redirected input
75 > 1.3 indicates redirected output
78 Expansion/substitution metacharacters
80 $ 3.4 indicates variable substitution
81 ! 2.3 indicates history substitution
82 : 3.6 precedes substitution modifiers
83 ^ 2.3 used in special forms of history substitution
84 \` 4.3 indicates command substitution
89 # 1.3,3.6 begins scratch file names; indicates shell comments
90 \- 1.2 prefixes option (flag) arguments to commands
91 % 2.6 prefixes job name specifications