6 CA.pl - friendlier interface for OpenSSL certificate programs
27 The B<CA.pl> script is a perl script that supplies the relevant command line
28 arguments to the B<openssl> command for some common certificate operations.
29 It is intended to simplify the process of certificate creation and management
30 by the use of some simple options.
32 =head1 COMMAND OPTIONS
36 =item B<?>, B<-h>, B<-help>
38 prints a usage message.
42 creates a new self signed certificate. The private key is written to the file
43 "newkey.pem" and the request written to the file "newreq.pem".
47 creates a new certificate request. The private key is written to the file
48 "newkey.pem" and the request written to the file "newreq.pem".
50 =item B<-newreq-nodes>
52 is like B<-newreq> except that the private key will not be encrypted.
56 creates a new CA hierarchy for use with the B<ca> program (or the B<-signcert>
57 and B<-xsign> options). The user is prompted to enter the filename of the CA
58 certificates (which should also contain the private key) or by hitting ENTER
59 details of the CA will be prompted for. The relevant files and directories
60 are created in a directory called "demoCA" in the current directory.
64 create a PKCS#12 file containing the user certificate, private key and CA
65 certificate. It expects the user certificate and private key to be in the
66 file "newcert.pem" and the CA certificate to be in the file demoCA/cacert.pem,
67 it creates a file "newcert.p12". This command can thus be called after the
68 B<-sign> option. The PKCS#12 file can be imported directly into a browser.
69 If there is an additional argument on the command line it will be used as the
70 "friendly name" for the certificate (which is typically displayed in the browser
71 list box), otherwise the name "My Certificate" is used.
73 =item B<-sign>, B<-signreq>, B<-xsign>
75 calls the B<ca> program to sign a certificate request. It expects the request
76 to be in the file "newreq.pem". The new certificate is written to the file
77 "newcert.pem" except in the case of the B<-xsign> option when it is written
83 this option is the same as the B<-signreq> option except it uses the configuration
84 file section B<v3_ca> and so makes the signed request a valid CA certificate. This
85 is useful when creating intermediate CA from a root CA.
89 this option is the same as B<-sign> except it expects a self signed certificate
90 to be present in the file "newreq.pem".
94 verifies certificates against the CA certificate for "demoCA". If no certificates
95 are specified on the command line it tries to verify the file "newcert.pem".
99 one or more optional certificate file names for use with the B<-verify> command.
105 Create a CA hierarchy:
109 Complete certificate creation example: create a CA, create a request, sign
110 the request and finally create a PKCS#12 file containing it.
115 CA.pl -pkcs12 "My Test Certificate"
117 =head1 DSA CERTIFICATES
119 Although the B<CA.pl> creates RSA CAs and requests it is still possible to
120 use it with DSA certificates and requests using the L<req(1)|req(1)> command
121 directly. The following example shows the steps that would typically be taken.
123 Create some DSA parameters:
125 openssl dsaparam -out dsap.pem 1024
127 Create a DSA CA certificate and private key:
129 openssl req -x509 -newkey dsa:dsap.pem -keyout cacert.pem -out cacert.pem
131 Create the CA directories and files:
135 enter cacert.pem when prompted for the CA file name.
137 Create a DSA certificate request and private key (a different set of parameters
138 can optionally be created first):
140 openssl req -out newreq.pem -newkey dsa:dsap.pem
148 Most of the filenames mentioned can be modified by editing the B<CA.pl> script.
150 If the demoCA directory already exists then the B<-newca> command will not
151 overwrite it and will do nothing. This can happen if a previous call using
152 the B<-newca> option terminated abnormally. To get the correct behaviour
153 delete the demoCA directory if it already exists.
155 Under some environments it may not be possible to run the B<CA.pl> script
156 directly (for example Win32) and the default configuration file location may
157 be wrong. In this case the command:
161 can be used and the B<OPENSSL_CONF> environment variable changed to point to
162 the correct path of the configuration file "openssl.cnf".
164 The script is intended as a simple front end for the B<openssl> program for use
165 by a beginner. Its behaviour isn't always what is wanted. For more control over the
166 behaviour of the certificate commands call the B<openssl> command directly.
168 =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
170 The variable B<OPENSSL_CONF> if defined allows an alternative configuration
171 file location to be specified, it should contain the full path to the
172 configuration file, not just its directory.
176 L<x509(1)|x509(1)>, L<ca(1)|ca(1)>, L<req(1)|req(1)>, L<pkcs12(1)|pkcs12(1)>,
177 L<config(5)|config(5)>