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135 .\" ========================================================================
137 .IX Title "BIO_read 3"
138 .TH BIO_read 3 "2009-07-19" "1.0.1n" "OpenSSL"
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144 BIO_read, BIO_write, BIO_gets, BIO_puts \- BIO I/O functions
148 .IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
150 \& #include <openssl/bio.h>
152 \& int BIO_read(BIO *b, void *buf, int len);
153 \& int BIO_gets(BIO *b,char *buf, int size);
154 \& int BIO_write(BIO *b, const void *buf, int len);
155 \& int BIO_puts(BIO *b,const char *buf);
158 .IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
159 \&\fIBIO_read()\fR attempts to read \fBlen\fR bytes from \s-1BIO \s0\fBb\fR and places
160 the data in \fBbuf\fR.
162 \&\fIBIO_gets()\fR performs the BIOs \*(L"gets\*(R" operation and places the data
163 in \fBbuf\fR. Usually this operation will attempt to read a line of data
164 from the \s-1BIO\s0 of maximum length \fBlen\fR. There are exceptions to this
165 however, for example \fIBIO_gets()\fR on a digest \s-1BIO\s0 will calculate and
166 return the digest and other BIOs may not support \fIBIO_gets()\fR at all.
168 \&\fIBIO_write()\fR attempts to write \fBlen\fR bytes from \fBbuf\fR to \s-1BIO \s0\fBb\fR.
170 \&\fIBIO_puts()\fR attempts to write a null terminated string \fBbuf\fR to \s-1BIO \s0\fBb\fR
172 .IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
173 All these functions return either the amount of data successfully read or
174 written (if the return value is positive) or that no data was successfully
175 read or written if the result is 0 or \-1. If the return value is \-2 then
176 the operation is not implemented in the specific \s-1BIO\s0 type.
179 A 0 or \-1 return is not necessarily an indication of an error. In
180 particular when the source/sink is non-blocking or of a certain type
181 it may merely be an indication that no data is currently available and that
182 the application should retry the operation later.
184 One technique sometimes used with blocking sockets is to use a system call
185 (such as \fIselect()\fR, \fIpoll()\fR or equivalent) to determine when data is available
186 and then call \fIread()\fR to read the data. The equivalent with BIOs (that is call
187 \&\fIselect()\fR on the underlying I/O structure and then call \fIBIO_read()\fR to
188 read the data) should \fBnot\fR be used because a single call to \fIBIO_read()\fR
189 can cause several reads (and writes in the case of \s-1SSL\s0 BIOs) on the underlying
190 I/O structure and may block as a result. Instead \fIselect()\fR (or equivalent)
191 should be combined with non blocking I/O so successive reads will request
192 a retry instead of blocking.
194 See \fIBIO_should_retry\fR\|(3) for details of how to
195 determine the cause of a retry and other I/O issues.
197 If the \fIBIO_gets()\fR function is not supported by a \s-1BIO\s0 then it possible to
198 work around this by adding a buffering \s-1BIO \s0\fIBIO_f_buffer\fR\|(3)
201 .IX Header "SEE ALSO"
202 \&\fIBIO_should_retry\fR\|(3)