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1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4 # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
5 # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
6 # COMNAP - Stations and Bases
7 # http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/
8 # and
9 # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
10 # http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm
11 # for information.
12 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
13 #
14 # Except for the French entries,
15 # I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
16 # FORMAT is 'zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
18 # Argentina - year-round bases
19 # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
20 # Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
21 # Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
22 # Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
23 # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
24 # San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21
25 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
27 # Australia - territories
28 # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
29 # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
30 # Margaret Turner reports
31 # http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html
32 # (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
33 # presumably this is when they have visitors.
34 #
35 # year-round bases
36 # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
37 # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
38 # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
39 # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
41 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11):
42 # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone:
43 # Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11
44 # Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5
45 # Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5
46 # The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times).
47 #
48 # Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division)
49 # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079
50 #
51 # We have more background information here:
52 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html
54 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10):
55 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ...
56 #
57 # - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010.
58 # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but
59 # has not been decided yet.
60 #
61 # - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010
62 # 20:00 UTC.
63 #
64 # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5.
65 #
66 # Background:
67 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
69 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
70 Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969
71 8:00 - AWST 2009 Oct 18 2:00
72 # Australian Western Std Time
73 11:00 - CAST 2010 Mar 5 2:00 # Casey Time
74 8:00 - AWST 2011 Oct 28 2:00
75 11:00 - CAST 2012 Feb 21 17:00u
76 8:00 - AWST
77 Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13
78 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
79 0 - zzz 1969 Feb
80 7:00 - DAVT 2009 Oct 18 2:00
81 5:00 - DAVT 2010 Mar 10 20:00u
82 7:00 - DAVT 2011 Oct 28 2:00
83 5:00 - DAVT 2012 Feb 21 20:00u
84 7:00 - DAVT
85 Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13
86 6:00 - MAWT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 # Mawson Time
87 5:00 - MAWT
88 # References:
89 # Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
90 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html
91 # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
92 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html
93 # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
94 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html
96 # Belgium - year-round base
97 # Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007
99 # Brazil - year-round base
100 # Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4
102 # Bulgaria - year-round base
103 # St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988
105 # Chile - year-round bases and towns
106 # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
107 # Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07
108 # O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
109 # Prat, -6230-05941
110 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
111 # These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'.
113 # China - year-round bases
114 # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
115 # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26
117 # France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy")
118 #
119 # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
120 # Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
121 # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
122 # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases
123 # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came
124 # from Tasmania.
125 #
126 # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
127 #
128 # Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964;
129 # sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+;
130 # see Indian/Reunion.
131 #
132 # Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
133 # Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
134 # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
135 #
136 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
137 # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
138 #
139 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
140 Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Français
141 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
142 #
143 # year-round base in the main continent
144 # Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
145 # <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05)
146 #
147 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
148 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
149 #
150 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
151 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947
152 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
153 0 - zzz 1956 Nov
154 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
156 # France & Italy - year-round base
157 # Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005
159 # Germany - year-round base
160 # Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009
162 # India - year-round bases
163 # Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012
164 # Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989
166 # Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy")
167 # Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986
169 # Japan - year-round bases
170 # Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957
171 #
172 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
173 # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
174 #
175 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
176 # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
177 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
178 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
179 Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29
180 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
181 # See:
182 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
183 # http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html
185 # S Korea - year-round base
186 # Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014
187 # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988
189 # New Zealand - claims
190 # Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
191 # Scott Island (never inhabited)
192 #
193 # year-round base
194 # Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01.
195 # See Pacific/Auckland.
197 # Norway - territories
198 # Bouvet (never inhabited)
199 #
200 # claims
201 # Peter I Island (never inhabited)
202 #
203 # year-round base
204 # Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12
205 #
206 # From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10):
207 # I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com.
208 # In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones:
209 # GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March
210 # GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October
211 # GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7
212 # GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1
213 # The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely
214 # correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates.
215 #
216 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21):
217 # The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tzcode 2014b or later, so as
218 # suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate
219 # with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent.
220 #
221 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
222 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 CET
223 Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 CEST
224 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 CET
225 #Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 UTC
226 # Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines.
227 Rule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 UTC
228 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
229 Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - zzz 2005 Feb 12
230 0:00 Troll %s
232 # Poland - year-round base
233 # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
235 # Romania - year-bound base
236 # Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986
238 # Russia - year-round bases
239 # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
240 # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
241 # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551,
242 # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
243 # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
244 # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
246 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
247 # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15):
248 # http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP
249 # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
250 # time as Moscow, Russia.
251 #
252 # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
253 # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
254 # what they had to say about time there:
255 # "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
256 # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
257 # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
258 # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
259 # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
260 #
261 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
262 # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
263 # in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local
264 # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
265 # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
266 # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
267 # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
268 # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6.
269 #
270 Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16
271 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time
273 # S Africa - year-round bases
274 # Marion Island, -4653+03752
275 # SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997
277 # Ukraine - year-round base
278 # Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954
280 # United Kingdom
281 #
282 # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
283 # South Orkney Islands
284 # scientific station from 1903
285 # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
286 # South Shetland Islands
287 #
288 # year-round bases
289 # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
290 # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
291 # scientific station 1943/1967,
292 # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
293 # and a garrison was deployed briefly
294 # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
295 # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
296 # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
297 # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
298 #
299 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
300 # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
301 #
302 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
303 Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1
304 -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time
306 # Uruguay - year round base
307 # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
309 # USA - year-round bases
310 #
311 # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
312 # See 'southamerica' for Antarctica/Palmer, since it uses South American DST.
313 #
314 # McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12
315 # Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
316 #
317 # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
318 # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
319 # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
320 # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
321 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
322 # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
323 # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.)
324 #
325 # From Susan Smith
326 # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
327 # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
328 # We use the same time as McMurdo does.
329 # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
330 # One last quirk about South Pole time.
331 # All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
332 # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
333 # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
334 # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
335 # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
336 #
337 # See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.