5 Clang Tools are standalone command line (and potentially GUI) tools
6 designed for use by C++ developers who are already using and enjoying
7 Clang as their compiler. These tools provide developer-oriented
8 functionality such as fast syntax checking, automatic formatting,
11 Only a couple of the most basic and fundamental tools are kept in the
12 primary Clang Subversion project. The rest of the tools are kept in a
13 side-project so that developers who don't want or need to build them
14 don't. If you want to get access to the extra Clang Tools repository,
15 simply check it out into the tools tree of your Clang checkout and
16 follow the usual process for building and working with a combined
21 - ``cd llvm/tools/clang/tools``
22 - ``svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/trunk extra``
26 - ``cd llvm/tools/clang/tools``
27 - ``git clone http://llvm.org/git/clang-tools-extra.git extra``
29 This document describes a high-level overview of the organization of
30 Clang Tools within the project as well as giving an introduction to some
31 of the more important tools. However, it should be noted that this
32 document is currently focused on Clang and Clang Tool developers, not on
33 end users of these tools.
35 Clang Tools Organization
36 ========================
38 Clang Tools are CLI or GUI programs that are intended to be directly
39 used by C++ developers. That is they are *not* primarily for use by
40 Clang developers, although they are hopefully useful to C++ developers
41 who happen to work on Clang, and we try to actively dogfood their
42 functionality. They are developed in three components: the underlying
43 infrastructure for building a standalone tool based on Clang, core
44 shared logic used by many different tools in the form of refactoring and
45 rewriting libraries, and the tools themselves.
47 The underlying infrastructure for Clang Tools is the
48 :doc:`LibTooling <LibTooling>` platform. See its documentation for much
49 more detailed information about how this infrastructure works. The
50 common refactoring and rewriting toolkit-style library is also part of
51 LibTooling organizationally.
53 A few Clang Tools are developed along side the core Clang libraries as
54 examples and test cases of fundamental functionality. However, most of
55 the tools are developed in a side repository to provide easy separation
56 from the core libraries. We intentionally do not support public
57 libraries in the side repository, as we want to carefully review and
58 find good APIs for libraries as they are lifted out of a few tools and
59 into the core Clang library set.
61 Regardless of which repository Clang Tools' code resides in, the
62 development process and practices for all Clang Tools are exactly those
63 of Clang itself. They are entirely within the Clang *project*,
64 regardless of the version control scheme.
69 The core set of Clang tools that are within the main repository are
70 tools that very specifically complement, and allow use and testing of
71 *Clang* specific functionality.
76 :doc:`ClangCheck` combines the LibTooling framework for running a
77 Clang tool with the basic Clang diagnostics by syntax checking specific files
78 in a fast, command line interface. It can also accept flags to re-display the
79 diagnostics in different formats with different flags, suitable for use driving
80 an IDE or editor. Furthermore, it can be used in fixit-mode to directly apply
81 fixit-hints offered by clang. See :doc:`HowToSetupToolingForLLVM` for
82 instructions on how to setup and used `clang-check`.
87 Clang-format is both a :doc:`library <LibFormat>` and a :doc:`stand-alone tool
88 <ClangFormat>` with the goal of automatically reformatting C++ sources files
89 according to configurable style guides. To do so, clang-format uses Clang's
90 ``Lexer`` to transform an input file into a token stream and then changes all
91 the whitespace around those tokens. The goal is for clang-format to serve both
92 as a user tool (ideally with powerful IDE integrations) and as part of other
93 refactoring tools, e.g. to do a reformatting of all the lines changed during a
98 ``clang-modernize`` migrates C++ code to use C++11 features where appropriate.
101 * convert loops to range-based for loops;
103 * convert null pointer constants (like ``NULL`` or ``0``) to C++11 ``nullptr``;
105 * replace the type specifier in variable declarations with the ``auto`` type specifier;
107 * add the ``override`` specifier to applicable member functions.
112 As various categories of Clang Tools are added to the extra repository,
113 they'll be tracked here. The focus of this documentation is on the scope
114 and features of the tools for other tool developers; each tool should
115 provide its own user-focused documentation.
120 * C++ cast conversion tool. Will convert C-style casts (``(type) value``) to
121 appropriate C++ cast (``static_cast``, ``const_cast`` or
122 ``reinterpret_cast``).
123 * Non-member ``begin()`` and ``end()`` conversion tool. Will convert
124 ``foo.begin()`` into ``begin(foo)`` and similarly for ``end()``, where
125 ``foo`` is a standard container. We could also detect similar patterns for
127 * ``make_shared`` / ``make_unique`` conversion. Part of this transformation
128 can be incorporated into the ``auto`` transformation. Will convert
132 std::shared_ptr<Foo> sp(new Foo);
133 std::unique_ptr<Foo> up(new Foo);
135 func(std::shared_ptr<Foo>(new Foo), bar());
141 auto sp = std::make_shared<Foo>();
142 auto up = std::make_unique<Foo>(); // In C++14 mode.
144 // This also affects correctness. For the cases where bar() throws,
145 // make_shared() is safe and the original code may leak.
146 func(std::make_shared<Foo>(), bar());
148 * ``tr1`` removal tool. Will migrate source code from using TR1 library
149 features to C++11 library. For example:
153 #include <tr1/unordered_map>
156 std::tr1::unordered_map <int, int> ma;
157 std::cout << ma.size () << std::endl;
161 should be rewritten to:
165 #include <unordered_map>
168 std::unordered_map <int, int> ma;
169 std::cout << ma.size () << std::endl;
173 * A tool to remove ``auto``. Will convert ``auto`` to an explicit type or add
174 comments with deduced types. The motivation is that there are developers
175 that don't want to use ``auto`` because they are afraid that they might lose
176 control over their code.
178 * C++14: less verbose operator function objects (`N3421
179 <http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3421.htm>`_).
184 sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater<ValueType>());
186 should be rewritten to:
190 sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater<>());