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30 .\" @(#)bind.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
37 .Nd bind a name to a socket
43 .Fn bind "int s" "const struct sockaddr *name" "socklen_t namelen"
46 assigns a name to an unnamed socket.
47 When a socket is created
50 it exists in a name space (address family)
51 but has no name assigned.
55 be assigned to the socket.
57 indicates the amount of space pointed to by
63 domain creates a socket in the file
64 system that must be deleted by the caller when it is no longer
68 The rules used in name binding vary between communication domains.
69 Consult the manual entries in section 4 for detailed information.
71 If the bind is successful, a 0 value is returned.
72 A return value of \-1 indicates an error, which is
73 further specified in the global
81 The requested address is protected, and the current user
82 has inadequate permission to access it.
84 The specified address is already in use.
85 .It Bq Er EADDRNOTAVAIL
86 The specified address is not available from the local machine.
87 .It Bq Er EAFNOSUPPORT
88 Addresses in the specified address family cannot be used with this socket.
91 is not a valid descriptor.
95 parameter is not in a valid part of the user
98 The socket is already bound to an address; or
99 the family of the socket and that requested in
100 .Fa name-\*[Gt]sa_family
107 The following errors are specific to binding names in the
112 An I/O error occurred while making the directory entry or allocating the inode.
114 An empty pathname was specified.
116 Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
117 .It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
118 A component of a pathname exceeded
120 characters, or an entire path name exceeded
124 A prefix component of the path name does not exist.
126 A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
128 The name would reside on a read-only file system.
138 function call appeared in
140 .Sh SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
144 to prevent the binding of a socket to the same port as an existing
145 socket when all of the following is true:
146 .Bl -bullet -compact -offset indent
148 either of the existing or new addresses is
151 the uid of the new socket is not root, and
152 the uids of the creators of the sockets are different,
154 the address is not a multicast address, and
156 both sockets are not bound to
163 This prevents an attack where a user could bind to a port with
164 the host's IP address (after setting
168 packets destined for a server that bound to the
175 to honor the user's umask when binding sockets in the local domain.
176 This was done to match the behavior of other operating systems,
181 Linux, and to improve compatibility with some third-party software.
182 Please note that this behavior
183 .Em is not portable .
184 If you must bind a local socket in a portable and secure way, you need
185 to make a directory with tight permissions and then create the socket