| blob | 87f57c650a8ba4dd23458cf65cab69155cf56e1c |
1 # <pre>
2 # @(#)africa 8.33
3 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
6 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
10 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
11 #
12 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
13 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
14 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
15 #
16 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
17 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
18 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
19 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
20 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
21 #
22 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
23 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
24 #
25 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
26 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
27 # I found in the UCLA library.
28 #
29 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
30 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
31 #
32 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
33 # for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
34 # but Mark R V Murray reports that
35 # `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
36 # `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
37 # `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
38 # the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
39 # He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
40 #
41 # To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
42 # I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
43 # and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
44 # This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
45 # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
46 #
47 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
48 # -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
49 # 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
50 # 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
51 # 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
52 # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
53 # 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
54 # I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
55 # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
56 # until we get more information.
57 #
58 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
59 # 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
60 # 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used)
61 # 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
62 # 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
63 # 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
64 # 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
65 # 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
67 # Algeria
68 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
69 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
70 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
71 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
72 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
73 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
74 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
75 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
76 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
77 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
78 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
79 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
80 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
81 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
82 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
83 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
84 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
85 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
86 Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
87 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S
88 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
89 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
90 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
91 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
92 # more precise 0:09:21.
93 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
94 Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
95 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
96 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00
97 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7
98 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29
99 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14
100 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21
101 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26
102 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May
103 1:00 - CET
105 # Angola
106 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
107 Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
108 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time
109 1:00 - WAT
111 # Benin
112 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
113 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
114 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
115 Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
116 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
117 1:00 - WAT
119 # Botswana
120 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
121 Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
122 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
123 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
124 2:00 - CAT
126 # Burkina Faso
127 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
128 Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
129 0:00 - GMT
131 # Burundi
132 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
133 Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
134 2:00 - CAT
136 # Cameroon
137 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
138 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
139 Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
140 1:00 - WAT
142 # Cape Verde
143 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
144 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
145 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep
146 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
147 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
148 -1:00 - CVT
150 # Central African Republic
151 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
152 Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
153 1:00 - WAT
155 # Chad
156 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
157 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
158 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
159 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
160 1:00 - WAT
162 # Comoros
163 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
164 Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
165 3:00 - EAT
167 # Democratic Republic of Congo
168 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
169 Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
170 1:00 - WAT
171 Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
172 2:00 - CAT
174 # Republic of the Congo
175 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
176 Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
177 1:00 - WAT
179 # Cote D'Ivoire
180 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
181 Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
182 0:00 - GMT
184 # Djibouti
185 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
186 Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
187 3:00 - EAT
189 ###############################################################################
191 # Egypt
193 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
194 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S
195 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
196 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
197 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
198 Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
199 Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 -
200 Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
201 Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S
202 Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
203 Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
204 Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
205 Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
206 Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
207 Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
208 Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S
209 Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S
210 Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
211 Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S
212 Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
213 # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
214 # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
216 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20):
217 # "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight
218 # saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of
219 # Egyptians would approve the cancellation."
220 #
221 # Egypt to cancel daylight saving time
222 # <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168">
223 # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168
224 # </a>
225 # or
226 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html">
227 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html
228 # </a>
229 Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
230 Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
231 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):
232 # The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:
233 # Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday
234 # after observing the daylight saving time since May.
235 # http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf
236 Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 -
237 # From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14):
238 # I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight
239 # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.
240 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
241 # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm
242 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
243 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...:
244 # http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm
245 Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 -
246 # From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06):
247 # Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter
248 # than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each
249 # year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite
250 # hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by
251 # shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently,
252 # unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008.
253 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
254 # For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August.
256 # From Petr Machata (2009-04-06):
257 # The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited):
258 #
259 # > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009
260 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =
261 # Apr 23
262 # > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200
263 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri =
264 # Apr 24
265 # > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800
266 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =
267 # Aug 27
268 # > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800
269 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu =
270 # Aug 27
271 # > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200
272 #
273 # > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59=
274 # :59)
275 # > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/
276 #
277 # timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that.
278 #
279 # [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263">
280 # https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263
281 # </a>
282 # [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53">
283 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
284 # </a>
285 # [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/">
286 # http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
287 # </a>
289 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20):
290 # In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth
291 # Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday
292 # in September.
294 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11):
295 # We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet
296 # Information and Decision Support Center:
297 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html">
298 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html
299 # </a>
300 #
301 # The Middle East News Agency
302 # <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx">
303 # http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx
304 # </a>
305 # also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21"
306 # today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT."
307 # Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service,
308 # and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine
309 # (at least today).
311 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20):
312 # According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has
313 # decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during
314 # Ramadan.
315 #
316 # Arabic translation:
317 # "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again"
318 # <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again">
319 # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again
320 # </a>
321 # or
322 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html">
323 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html
324 # </a>
326 Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 -
327 Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 -
328 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 -
329 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 10 0:00 1:00 S
330 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
332 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
333 Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct
334 2:00 Egypt EE%sT
336 # Equatorial Guinea
337 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
338 Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
339 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15
340 1:00 - WAT
342 # Eritrea
343 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
344 Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
345 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
346 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
347 3:00 - EAT
349 # Ethiopia
350 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
351 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
352 # between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
353 # We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
354 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
355 Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
356 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
357 3:00 - EAT
359 # Gabon
360 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
361 Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
362 1:00 - WAT
364 # Gambia
365 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
366 Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
367 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
368 -1:00 - WAT 1964
369 0:00 - GMT
371 # Ghana
372 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
373 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
374 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
375 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
376 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
377 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
378 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
379 0:00 Ghana %s
381 # Guinea
382 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
383 Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
384 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
385 -1:00 - WAT 1960
386 0:00 - GMT
388 # Guinea-Bissau
389 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
390 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
391 -1:00 - WAT 1975
392 0:00 - GMT
394 # Kenya
395 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
396 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
397 3:00 - EAT 1930
398 2:30 - BEAT 1940
399 2:45 - BEAUT 1960
400 3:00 - EAT
402 # Lesotho
403 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
404 Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
405 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
406 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
407 2:00 - SAST
409 # Liberia
410 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
411 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
412 # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
413 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
414 # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
415 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
416 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
417 # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
418 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
419 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
420 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
421 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time
422 0:00 - GMT
424 ###############################################################################
426 # Libya
428 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
429 Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S
430 Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
431 Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
432 Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
433 Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S
434 Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
435 Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
436 Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
437 Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
438 Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S
439 Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
440 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
441 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
442 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
443 Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
444 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
445 2:00 - EET 1982
446 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
447 # The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;
448 # the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
449 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
450 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4
451 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4
452 2:00 - EET
454 # Madagascar
455 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
456 Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
457 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
458 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
459 3:00 - EAT
461 # Malawi
462 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
463 Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
464 2:00 - CAT
466 # Mali
467 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
468 Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
469 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
470 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20
471 0:00 - GMT
473 # Mauritania
474 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
475 Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
476 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
477 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28
478 0:00 - GMT
480 # Mauritius
482 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25):
483 # Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial
484 # basis....
485 # It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to
486 # 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful....
487 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html
489 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25):
490 # http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
492 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30):
493 # The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A
494 # final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving
495 # would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight.
497 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
498 # Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger.
500 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10):
501 # According to
502 # <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216">
503 # http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216
504 # </a>
505 # (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier
506 # than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start
507 # date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time
508 # given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time).
509 #
510 # A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date
511 # to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date,
512 # but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in
513 # USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder
514 # why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which
515 # changes two days later.
517 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11):
518 # Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving
519 # time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally
520 # published on Monday, June 30, 2008...
521 #
522 # I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction
523 # de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26
524 # and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.
525 # ...
526 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html">
527 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html
528 # </a>
530 # From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03):
531 # The Government of Mauritius weblink
532 # <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD">
533 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
534 # </a>
535 # Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows:
536 #
537 # 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly
538 # of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in
539 # Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of
540 # the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United
541 # States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the
542 # last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on
543 # the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the
544 # year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
545 # and end on 29 March 2009.
547 # From Ed Maste (2008-10-07):
548 # THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the
549 # beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the
550 # morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March.
551 # <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf">
552 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf
553 # </a>
555 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05):
556 # According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe
557 # DST the coming summer...
558 #
559 # Some sources, in French:
560 # <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB">
561 # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB
562 # </a>
563 # <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-">
564 # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-
565 # </a>
566 #
567 # Our wrap-up:
568 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html">
569 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
570 # </a>
572 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11):
573 # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this:
574 # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour
575 # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..."
577 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
578 Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S
579 Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 -
580 Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
581 Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
582 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
583 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
584 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time
585 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
586 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
588 # Mayotte
589 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
590 Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
591 3:00 - EAT
593 # Morocco
594 # See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
596 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
597 # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
598 # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
599 #
600 # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will
601 # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
602 # Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
603 #
604 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html">
605 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
606 # </a>
607 # OR
608 # <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html">
609 # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
610 # </a>
612 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
613 # The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse:
614 # <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view">
615 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view
616 # </a>
617 #
618 # Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt.
619 # spokesman.
621 # From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09):
622 # According to this article:
623 # <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html">
624 # http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html
625 # </a>
626 # (and republished here:
627 # <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html">
628 # http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html
629 # </a>
630 # )
631 # the changes occurs at midnight:
632 #
633 # saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be
634 # intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday)
635 # sunday night the 28th at midnight
636 #
637 # Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say
638 # the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and
639 # monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive
640 # june1st to sept 27th.
641 #
642 # The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree
643 # published on the web.
644 #
645 # It's also confirmed here:
646 # <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm">
647 # http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm
648 # </a>
649 # on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet
650 # posted in english).
651 #
652 # The following google query will generate many relevant hits:
653 # <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search">
654 # http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
655 # </a>
657 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
658 # Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow
659 # Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of
660 # Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named
661 # SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)?
663 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09):
664 # XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now.
666 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):
667 # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31
668 # and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end
669 # of September:
670 #
671 # One article about it (in French):
672 # <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default">
673 # http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default
674 # </a>
675 #
676 # We have some further details posted here:
677 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html">
678 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html
679 # </a>
681 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17):
682 # Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according
683 # to many sources, such as
684 # <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html">
685 # http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html
686 # </a>
687 # <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312">
688 # http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312
689 # </a>
690 # (French)
691 #
692 # Our summary:
693 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html">
694 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html
695 # </a>
697 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
698 # Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre,
699 # Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics
700 #
701 # Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967)
702 # concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of
703 # Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be
704 # advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight.
705 #
706 # <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf">
707 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf
708 # </a>
709 #
710 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html">
711 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html
712 # </a>
714 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13):
715 # Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization
716 # of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from
717 # 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08.
718 #
719 # Example:
720 # <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html">
721 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html
722 # </a>
723 # (French)
724 # Our page:
725 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html">
726 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html
727 # </a>
729 # From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30):
730 # ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format)
731 # The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00
732 # The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00
733 # ...Official links of change in morocco
734 # The change was broadcast on the FM Radio
735 # I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at
736 # +212.537.71.84.00
737 # <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/">
738 # http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/
739 # </a>
740 # They said that
741 # <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view">
742 # http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view
743 # </a>
744 # is the official publication to look at.
745 # They said that the decision was already taken.
746 #
747 # More articles in the press
748 # <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev">
749 # http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev
750 # </a>
751 # e.html
752 # <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923">
753 # http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923
754 # </a>
755 # <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim">
756 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim
757 # anche-prochain-5538.html
758 # </a>
760 # From Petr Machata (2011-03-30):
761 # They have it written in English here:
762 # <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view">
763 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view
764 # </a>
765 #
766 # It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31,
767 # 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of
768 # wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has
769 # also been like that in the past.
771 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
773 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S
774 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
775 Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S
776 Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 -
777 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S
778 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 -
779 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S
780 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
781 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S
782 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
783 Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
784 Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
785 Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
786 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
787 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
788 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
789 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
790 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
791 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 -
792 Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
793 Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 -
794 Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
795 Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 -
796 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
797 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
798 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
799 1:00 - CET 1986
800 0:00 Morocco WE%sT
801 # Western Sahara
802 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan
803 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
804 0:00 - WET
806 # Mozambique
807 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
808 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
809 2:00 - CAT
811 # Namibia
812 # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
813 # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
815 # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in
816 # <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>:
817 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
818 # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there
819 # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of
820 # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of
821 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
822 # of the country.
823 #
824 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):
825 # Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but
826 # we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
828 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
829 Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
830 Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
831 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
832 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
833 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
834 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
835 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
836 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
837 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
838 1:00 Namibia WA%sT
840 # Niger
841 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
842 Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
843 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
844 0:00 - GMT 1960
845 1:00 - WAT
847 # Nigeria
848 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
849 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
850 1:00 - WAT
852 # Reunion
853 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
854 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
855 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time
856 #
857 # Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
858 # The following information about them is taken from
859 # Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
860 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
861 # We have no info about their time zone histories.
862 #
863 # Bassas da India - uninhabited
864 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
865 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
866 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
867 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
869 # Rwanda
870 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
871 Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
872 2:00 - CAT
874 # St Helena
875 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
876 Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
877 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
878 0:00 - GMT
879 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
880 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
881 # Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
882 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
883 # on GMT, says the CIA
884 # Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
886 # Sao Tome and Principe
887 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
888 Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
889 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
890 0:00 - GMT
892 # Senegal
893 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
894 Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
895 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun
896 0:00 - GMT
898 # Seychelles
899 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
900 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
901 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
902 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
903 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
904 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
905 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
906 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
907 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
909 # Sierra Leone
910 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
911 # Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
912 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
913 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
914 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
915 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT
916 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
917 Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
918 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
919 -1:00 SL %s 1957
920 0:00 SL %s
922 # Somalia
923 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
924 Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
925 3:00 - EAT 1931
926 2:30 - BEAT 1957
927 3:00 - EAT
929 # South Africa
930 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
931 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
932 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
933 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
934 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
935 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
936 2:00 SA SAST
937 # Marion and Prince Edward Is
938 # scientific station since 1947
939 # no information
941 # Sudan
942 #
943 # From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
944 # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
945 # </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
946 # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
947 # Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
948 # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
949 #
950 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
951 Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
952 Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
953 Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
954 Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
955 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
956 Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931
957 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
958 3:00 - EAT
960 # South Sudan
961 Zone Africa/Juba 2:06:24 - LMT 1931
962 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
963 3:00 - EAT
965 # Swaziland
966 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
967 Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
968 2:00 - SAST
970 # Tanzania
971 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
972 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
973 3:00 - EAT 1948
974 2:45 - BEAUT 1961
975 3:00 - EAT
977 # Togo
978 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
979 Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
980 0:00 - GMT
982 # Tunisia
984 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
985 # My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
986 # this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
987 # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
988 # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
989 # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
990 # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
991 # Saturday." (My translation)
992 #
993 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
994 # LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
995 # <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
996 # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
997 # 1h standard time.
998 #
999 # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
1000 # The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
1001 # Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
1002 # Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
1003 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
1005 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16):
1006 # According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year.
1007 # (Arabic)
1008 # <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546">
1009 # http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546
1010 # </a>
1011 # <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp">
1012 # http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp
1013 # </a>
1014 #
1015 # We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia.
1016 # We have a wrap-up about this on the following page:
1017 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html">
1018 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html
1019 # </a>
1021 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
1022 # Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency
1023 #
1024 # Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn):
1025 #
1026 # (in English)
1027 # <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157">
1028 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157
1029 # </a>
1030 #
1031 # (in Arabic)
1032 # <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1">
1033 # http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1
1034 # </a>
1036 # From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18):
1037 # The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact
1038 # that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time.
1039 # Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long."
1040 # So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future).
1042 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27):
1043 # According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010
1044 #
1045 # (translation):
1046 # "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on
1047 # Sunday...
1048 # Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also
1049 # coincided with the month of Ramadan..."
1050 #
1051 # (in Arabic)
1052 # <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1">
1053 # http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1
1054 # <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036">
1055 # http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036
1056 # or
1057 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html">
1058 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html
1060 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1061 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
1062 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
1063 Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S
1064 Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 -
1065 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S
1066 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
1067 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S
1068 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 -
1069 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S
1070 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
1071 Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
1072 Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
1073 Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
1074 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S
1075 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 -
1076 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1077 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
1078 Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1079 Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
1080 Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S
1081 Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1082 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1083 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
1084 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
1085 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
1087 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
1088 # more precise 0:09:21.
1089 # Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
1090 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1091 Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
1092 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1093 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT
1095 # Uganda
1096 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1097 Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
1098 3:00 - EAT 1930
1099 2:30 - BEAT 1948
1100 2:45 - BEAUT 1957
1101 3:00 - EAT
1103 # Zambia
1104 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1105 Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
1106 2:00 - CAT
1108 # Zimbabwe
1109 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1110 Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
1111 2:00 - CAT