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30 .\" @(#)popen.3 8.2 (Berkeley) 5/3/95
45 .Fn popen "const char *command" "const char *type"
47 .Fn pclose "FILE *stream"
53 a process by creating an IPC connection,
55 and invoking the shell.
58 was implemented with a unidirectional pipe;
59 hence many implementations of
63 argument to specify reading or writing, not both.
66 is now implemented using sockets, the
68 may request a bidirectional data flow.
71 argument is a pointer to a null-terminated string
78 for reading and writing.
79 In addition if the character
83 string, the file descriptor used internally is set to be closed on
88 argument is a pointer to a null-terminated string
89 containing a shell command line.
90 This command is passed to
94 flag; interpretation, if any, is performed by the shell.
100 stream in all respects
101 save that it must be closed with
105 Writing to such a stream
106 writes to the standard input of the command;
107 the command's standard output is the same as that of the process that called
109 unless this is altered by the command itself.
110 Conversely, reading from a
112 stream reads the command's standard output, and
113 the command's standard input is the same as that of the process that called
118 streams are fully buffered by default.
122 function waits for the associated process to terminate
123 and returns the exit status of the command
137 or if it cannot allocate memory.
144 is not associated with a
156 function does not reliably set
185 Since the standard input of a command opened for reading
186 shares its seek offset with the process that called
188 if the original process has done a buffered read,
189 the command's input position may not be as expected.
190 Similarly, the output from a command opened for writing
191 may become intermingled with that of the original process.
192 The latter can be avoided by calling
197 Failure to execute the shell
198 is indistinguishable from the shell's failure to execute command,
199 or an immediate exit of the command.
200 The only hint is an exit status of 127.