boot/installboot.c

   1 /*      installboot 3.0 - Make a device bootable        Author: Kees J. Bot
   2  *                                                              21 Dec 1991
   3  *
   4  * Either make a device bootable or make an image from kernel, mm, fs, etc.
   5  */
   6 #define nil 0
   7 #define _POSIX_SOURCE   1
   8 #define _MINIX          1
   9 #include <stdio.h>
  10 #include <stddef.h>
  11 #include <sys/types.h>
  12 #include <sys/stat.h>
  13 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  14 #include <stdlib.h>
  15 #include <unistd.h>
  16 #include <fcntl.h>
  17 #include <string.h>
  18 #include <errno.h>
  19 #include <dirent.h>
  20 #include <a.out.h>
  21 #include <minix/config.h>
  22 #include <minix/const.h>
  23 #include <minix/partition.h>
  24 #include <minix/u64.h>
  25 #include "rawfs.h"
  26 #include "image.h"
  27
  28 #define BOOTBLOCK       0       /* Of course */
  29 #define SECTOR_SIZE     512     /* Disk sector size. */
  30 #define RATIO(b)        ((b)/SECTOR_SIZE)
  31 #define SIGNATURE       0xAA55  /* Boot block signature. */
  32 #define BOOT_MAX        64      /* Absolute maximum size of secondary boot */
  33 #define SIGPOS          510     /* Where to put signature word. */
  34 #define PARTPOS         446     /* Offset to the partition table in a master
  35                                  * boot block.
  36                                  */
  37
  38 #define between(a, c, z)        ((unsigned) ((c) - (a)) <= ((z) - (a)))
  39 #define control(c)              between('\0', (c), '\37')
  40
  41 #define BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE 1024
  42
  43 void report(char *label)
  44 /* installboot: label: No such file or directory */
  45 {
  46         fprintf(stderr, "installboot: %s: %s\n", label, strerror(errno));
  47 }
  48
  49 void fatal(char *label)
  50 {
  51         report(label);
  52         exit(1);
  53 }
  54
  55 char *basename(char *name)
  56 /* Return the last component of name, stripping trailing slashes from name.
  57  * Precondition: name != "/".  If name is prefixed by a label, then the
  58  * label is copied to the basename too.
  59  */
  60 {
  61         static char base[IM_NAME_MAX];
  62         char *p, *bp= base;
  63
  64         if ((p= strchr(name, ':')) != nil) {
  65                 while (name <= p && bp < base + IM_NAME_MAX - 1)
  66                         *bp++ = *name++;
  67         }
  68         for (;;) {
  69                 if ((p= strrchr(name, '/')) == nil) { p= name; break; }
  70                 if (*++p != 0) break;
  71                 *--p= 0;
  72         }
  73         while (*p != 0 && bp < base + IM_NAME_MAX - 1) *bp++ = *p++;
  74         *bp= 0;
  75         return base;
  76 }
  77
  78 void bread(FILE *f, char *name, void *buf, size_t len)
  79 /* Read len bytes.  Don't dare return without them. */
  80 {
  81         if (len > 0 && fread(buf, len, 1, f) != 1) {
  82                 if (ferror(f)) fatal(name);
  83                 fprintf(stderr, "installboot: Unexpected EOF on %s\n", name);
  84                 exit(1);
  85         }
  86 }
  87
  88 void bwrite(FILE *f, char *name, void *buf, size_t len)
  89 {
  90         if (len > 0 && fwrite(buf, len, 1, f) != 1) fatal(name);
  91 }
  92
  93 long total_text= 0, total_data= 0, total_bss= 0;
  94 int making_image= 0;
  95
  96 void read_header(int talk, char *proc, FILE *procf, struct image_header *ihdr)
  97 /* Read the a.out header of a program and check it.  If procf happens to be
  98  * nil then the header is already in *image_hdr and need only be checked.
  99  */
 100 {
 101         int n, big= 0;
 102         static int banner= 0;
 103         struct exec *phdr= &ihdr->process;
 104
 105         if (procf == nil) {
 106                 /* Header already present. */
 107                 n= phdr->a_hdrlen;
 108         } else {
 109                 memset(ihdr, 0, sizeof(*ihdr));
 110
 111                 /* Put the basename of proc in the header. */
 112                 strncpy(ihdr->name, basename(proc), IM_NAME_MAX);
 113
 114                 /* Read the header. */
 115                 n= fread(phdr, sizeof(char), A_MINHDR, procf);
 116                 if (ferror(procf)) fatal(proc);
 117         }
 118
 119         if (n < A_MINHDR || BADMAG(*phdr)) {
 120                 fprintf(stderr, "installboot: %s is not an executable\n", proc);
 121                 exit(1);
 122         }
 123
 124         /* Get the rest of the exec header. */
 125         if (procf != nil) {
 126                 bread(procf, proc, ((char *) phdr) + A_MINHDR,
 127                                                 phdr->a_hdrlen - A_MINHDR);
 128         }
 129
 130         if (talk && !banner) {
 131                 printf("     text     data      bss      size\n");
 132                 banner= 1;
 133         }
 134
 135         if (talk) {
 136                 printf(" %8ld %8ld %8ld %9ld  %s\n",
 137                         phdr->a_text, phdr->a_data, phdr->a_bss,
 138                         phdr->a_text + phdr->a_data + phdr->a_bss, proc);
 139         }
 140         total_text+= phdr->a_text;
 141         total_data+= phdr->a_data;
 142         total_bss+= phdr->a_bss;
 143
 144         if (phdr->a_cpu == A_I8086) {
 145                 long data= phdr->a_data + phdr->a_bss;
 146
 147                 if (!(phdr->a_flags & A_SEP)) data+= phdr->a_text;
 148
 149                 if (phdr->a_text >= 65536) big|= 1;
 150                 if (data >= 65536) big|= 2;
 151         }
 152         if (big) {
 153                 fprintf(stderr,
 154                         "%s will crash, %s%s%s segment%s larger then 64K\n",
 155                         proc,
 156                         big & 1 ? "text" : "",
 157                         big == 3 ? " and " : "",
 158                         big & 2 ? "data" : "",
 159                         big == 3 ? "s are" : " is");
 160         }
 161 }
 162
 163 void padimage(char *image, FILE *imagef, int n)
 164 /* Add n zeros to image to pad it to a sector boundary. */
 165 {
 166         while (n > 0) {
 167                 if (putc(0, imagef) == EOF) fatal(image);
 168                 n--;
 169         }
 170 }
 171
 172 #define align(n)        (((n) + ((SECTOR_SIZE) - 1)) & ~((SECTOR_SIZE) - 1))
 173
 174 void copyexec(char *proc, FILE *procf, char *image, FILE *imagef, long n)
 175 /* Copy n bytes from proc to image padded to fill a sector. */
 176 {
 177         int pad, c;
 178
 179         /* Compute number of padding bytes. */
 180         pad= align(n) - n;
 181
 182         while (n > 0) {
 183                 if ((c= getc(procf)) == EOF) {
 184                         if (ferror(procf)) fatal(proc);
 185                         fprintf(stderr, "installboot: premature EOF on %s\n",
 186                                                                         proc);
 187                         exit(1);
 188                 }
 189                 if (putc(c, imagef) == EOF) fatal(image);
 190                 n--;
 191         }
 192         padimage(image, imagef, pad);
 193 }
 194
 195 void make_image(char *image, char **procv)
 196 /* Collect a set of files in an image, each "segment" is nicely padded out
 197  * to SECTOR_SIZE, so it may be read from disk into memory without trickery.
 198  */
 199 {
 200         FILE *imagef, *procf;
 201         char *proc, *file;
 202         int procn;
 203         struct image_header ihdr;
 204         struct exec phdr;
 205         struct stat st;
 206
 207         making_image= 1;
 208
 209         if ((imagef= fopen(image, "w")) == nil) fatal(image);
 210
 211         for (procn= 0; (proc= *procv++) != nil; procn++) {
 212                 /* Remove the label from the file name. */
 213                 if ((file= strchr(proc, ':')) != nil) file++; else file= proc;
 214
 215                 /* Real files please, may need to seek. */
 216                 if (stat(file, &st) < 0
 217                         || (errno= EISDIR, !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
 218                         || (procf= fopen(file, "r")) == nil
 219                 ) fatal(proc);
 220
 221                 /* Read a.out header. */
 222                 read_header(1, proc, procf, &ihdr);
 223
 224                 /* Scratch. */
 225                 phdr= ihdr.process;
 226
 227                 /* The symbol table is always stripped off. */
 228                 ihdr.process.a_syms= 0;
 229                 ihdr.process.a_flags &= ~A_NSYM;
 230
 231                 /* Write header padded to fill a sector */
 232                 bwrite(imagef, image, &ihdr, sizeof(ihdr));
 233
 234                 padimage(image, imagef, SECTOR_SIZE - sizeof(ihdr));
 235
 236                 /* A page aligned executable needs the header in text. */
 237                 if (phdr.a_flags & A_PAL) {
 238                         rewind(procf);
 239                         phdr.a_text+= phdr.a_hdrlen;
 240                 }
 241
 242                 /* Copy text and data of proc to image. */
 243                 if (phdr.a_flags & A_SEP) {
 244                         /* Separate I&D: pad text & data separately. */
 245
 246                         copyexec(proc, procf, image, imagef, phdr.a_text);
 247                         copyexec(proc, procf, image, imagef, phdr.a_data);
 248                 } else {
 249                         /* Common I&D: keep text and data together. */
 250
 251                         copyexec(proc, procf, image, imagef,
 252                                                 phdr.a_text + phdr.a_data);
 253                 }
 254
 255                 /* Done with proc. */
 256                 (void) fclose(procf);
 257         }
 258         /* Done with image. */
 259
 260         if (fclose(imagef) == EOF) fatal(image);
 261
 262         printf("   ------   ------   ------   -------\n");
 263         printf(" %8ld %8ld %8ld %9ld  total\n",
 264                 total_text, total_data, total_bss,
 265                 total_text + total_data + total_bss);
 266 }
 267
 268 void extractexec(FILE *imagef, char *image, FILE *procf, char *proc,
 269                                                 long count, off_t *alen)
 270 /* Copy a segment of an executable.  It is padded to a sector in image. */
 271 {
 272         char buf[SECTOR_SIZE];
 273
 274         while (count > 0) {
 275                 bread(imagef, image, buf, sizeof(buf));
 276                 *alen-= sizeof(buf);
 277
 278                 bwrite(procf, proc, buf,
 279                         count < sizeof(buf) ? (size_t) count : sizeof(buf));
 280                 count-= sizeof(buf);
 281         }
 282 }
 283
 284 void extract_image(char *image)
 285 /* Extract the executables from an image. */
 286 {
 287         FILE *imagef, *procf;
 288         off_t len;
 289         struct stat st;
 290         struct image_header ihdr;
 291         struct exec phdr;
 292         char buf[SECTOR_SIZE];
 293
 294         if (stat(image, &st) < 0) fatal(image);
 295
 296         /* Size of the image. */
 297         len= S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ? st.st_size : -1;
 298
 299         if ((imagef= fopen(image, "r")) == nil) fatal(image);
 300
 301         while (len != 0) {
 302                 /* Extract a program, first sector is an extended header. */
 303                 bread(imagef, image, buf, sizeof(buf));
 304                 len-= sizeof(buf);
 305
 306                 memcpy(&ihdr, buf, sizeof(ihdr));
 307                 phdr= ihdr.process;
 308
 309                 /* Check header. */
 310                 read_header(1, ihdr.name, nil, &ihdr);
 311
 312                 if ((procf= fopen(ihdr.name, "w")) == nil) fatal(ihdr.name);
 313
 314                 if (phdr.a_flags & A_PAL) {
 315                         /* A page aligned process contains a header in text. */
 316                         phdr.a_text+= phdr.a_hdrlen;
 317                 } else {
 318                         bwrite(procf, ihdr.name, &ihdr.process, phdr.a_hdrlen);
 319                 }
 320
 321                 /* Extract text and data segments. */
 322                 if (phdr.a_flags & A_SEP) {
 323                         extractexec(imagef, image, procf, ihdr.name,
 324                                                 phdr.a_text, &len);
 325                         extractexec(imagef, image, procf, ihdr.name,
 326                                                 phdr.a_data, &len);
 327                 } else {
 328                         extractexec(imagef, image, procf, ihdr.name,
 329                                 phdr.a_text + phdr.a_data, &len);
 330                 }
 331
 332                 if (fclose(procf) == EOF) fatal(ihdr.name);
 333         }
 334 }
 335
 336 int rawfd;      /* File descriptor to open device. */
 337 char *rawdev;   /* Name of device. */
 338
 339 void readblock(off_t blk, char *buf, int block_size)
 340 /* For rawfs, so that it can read blocks. */
 341 {
 342         int n;
 343
 344         if (lseek(rawfd, blk * block_size, SEEK_SET) < 0
 345                 || (n= read(rawfd, buf, block_size)) < 0
 346         ) fatal(rawdev);
 347
 348         if (n < block_size) {
 349                 fprintf(stderr, "installboot: Unexpected EOF on %s\n", rawdev);
 350                 exit(1);
 351         }
 352 }
 353
 354 void writeblock(off_t blk, char *buf, int block_size)
 355 /* Add a function to write blocks for local use. */
 356 {
 357         if (lseek(rawfd, blk * block_size, SEEK_SET) < 0
 358                 || write(rawfd, buf, block_size) < 0
 359         ) fatal(rawdev);
 360 }
 361
 362 int raw_install(char *file, off_t *start, off_t *len, int block_size)
 363 /* Copy bootcode or an image to the boot device at the given absolute disk
 364  * block number.  This "raw" installation is used to place bootcode and
 365  * image on a disk without a filesystem to make a simple boot disk.  Useful
 366  * in automated scripts for J. Random User.
 367  * Note: *len == 0 when an image is read.  It is set right afterwards.
 368  */
 369 {
 370         static char buf[_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE];       /* Nonvolatile block buffer. */
 371         FILE *f;
 372         off_t sec;
 373         unsigned long devsize;
 374         static int banner= 0;
 375         struct partition entry;
 376
 377         /* See if the device has a maximum size. */
 378         devsize= -1;
 379         if (ioctl(rawfd, DIOCGETP, &entry) == 0) devsize= cv64ul(entry.size);
 380
 381         if ((f= fopen(file, "r")) == nil) fatal(file);
 382
 383         /* Copy sectors from file onto the boot device. */
 384         sec= *start;
 385         do {
 386                 int off= sec % RATIO(BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE);
 387
 388                 if (fread(buf + off * SECTOR_SIZE, 1, SECTOR_SIZE, f) == 0)
 389                         break;
 390
 391                 if (sec >= devsize) {
 392                         fprintf(stderr,
 393                         "installboot: %s can't be attached to %s\n",
 394                                 file, rawdev);
 395                         return 0;
 396                 }
 397
 398                 if (off == RATIO(BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE) - 1) writeblock(sec / RATIO(BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE), buf, BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE);
 399         } while (++sec != *start + *len);
 400
 401         if (ferror(f)) fatal(file);
 402         (void) fclose(f);
 403
 404         /* Write a partial block, this may be the last image. */
 405         if (sec % RATIO(BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) writeblock(sec / RATIO(BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE), buf, BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE);
 406
 407         if (!banner) {
 408                 printf("  sector  length\n");
 409                 banner= 1;
 410         }
 411         *len= sec - *start;
 412         printf("%8ld%8ld  %s\n", *start, *len, file);
 413         *start= sec;
 414         return 1;
 415 }
 416
 417 enum howto { FS, BOOT };
 418
 419 void make_bootable(enum howto how, char *device, char *bootblock,
 420                                         char *bootcode, char **imagev)
 421 /* Install bootblock on the bootsector of device with the disk addresses to
 422  * bootcode patched into the data segment of bootblock.  "How" tells if there
 423  * should or shoudn't be a file system on the disk.  The images in the imagev
 424  * vector are added to the end of the device.
 425  */
 426 {
 427         char buf[_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE + 256], *adrp, *parmp;
 428         struct fileaddr {
 429                 off_t   address;
 430                 int     count;
 431         } bootaddr[BOOT_MAX + 1], *bap= bootaddr;
 432         struct exec boothdr;
 433         struct image_header dummy;
 434         struct stat st;
 435         ino_t ino;
 436         off_t sector, max_sector;
 437         FILE *bootf;
 438         off_t addr, fssize, pos, len;
 439         char *labels, *label, *image;
 440         int nolabel;
 441         int block_size = 0;
 442
 443         /* Open device and set variables for readblock. */
 444         if ((rawfd= open(rawdev= device, O_RDWR)) < 0) fatal(device);
 445
 446         /* Read and check the superblock. */
 447         fssize= r_super(&block_size);
 448
 449         switch (how) {
 450         case FS:
 451                 if (fssize == 0) {
 452                         fprintf(stderr,
 453                                 "installboot: %s is not a Minix file system\n",
 454                                 device);
 455                         exit(1);
 456                 }
 457                 break;
 458         case BOOT:
 459                 if (fssize != 0) {
 460                         int s;
 461                         printf("%s contains a file system!\n", device);
 462                         printf("Scribbling in 10 seconds");
 463                         for (s= 0; s < 10; s++) {
 464                                 fputc('.', stdout);
 465                                 fflush(stdout);
 466                                 sleep(1);
 467                         }
 468                         fputc('\n', stdout);
 469                 }
 470                 fssize= 1;      /* Just a boot block. */
 471         }
 472
 473         if (how == FS) {
 474                 /* See if the boot code can be found on the file system. */
 475                 if ((ino= r_lookup(ROOT_INO, bootcode)) == 0) {
 476                         if (errno != ENOENT) fatal(bootcode);
 477                 }
 478         } else {
 479                 /* Boot code must be attached at the end. */
 480                 ino= 0;
 481         }
 482
 483         if (ino == 0) {
 484                 /* For a raw installation, we need to copy the boot code onto
 485                  * the device, so we need to look at the file to be copied.
 486                  */
 487                 if (stat(bootcode, &st) < 0) fatal(bootcode);
 488
 489                 if ((bootf= fopen(bootcode, "r")) == nil) fatal(bootcode);
 490         } else {
 491                 /* Boot code is present in the file system. */
 492                 r_stat(ino, &st);
 493
 494                 /* Get the header from the first block. */
 495                 if ((addr= r_vir2abs((off_t) 0)) == 0) {
 496                         boothdr.a_magic[0]= !A_MAGIC0;
 497                 } else {
 498                         readblock(addr, buf, block_size);
 499                         memcpy(&boothdr, buf, sizeof(struct exec));
 500                 }
 501                 bootf= nil;
 502                 dummy.process= boothdr;
 503         }
 504         /* See if it is an executable (read_header does the check). */
 505         read_header(0, bootcode, bootf, &dummy);
 506         boothdr= dummy.process;
 507
 508         if (bootf != nil) fclose(bootf);
 509
 510         /* Get all the sector addresses of the secondary boot code. */
 511         max_sector= (boothdr.a_hdrlen + boothdr.a_text
 512                         + boothdr.a_data + SECTOR_SIZE - 1) / SECTOR_SIZE;
 513
 514         if (max_sector > BOOT_MAX * RATIO(block_size)) {
 515                 fprintf(stderr, "installboot: %s is way too big\n", bootcode);
 516                 exit(0);
 517         }
 518
 519         /* Determine the addresses to the boot code to be patched into the
 520          * boot block.
 521          */
 522         bap->count= 0;  /* Trick to get the address recording going. */
 523
 524         for (sector= 0; sector < max_sector; sector++) {
 525                 if (ino == 0) {
 526                         addr= fssize + (sector / RATIO(block_size));
 527                 } else
 528                 if ((addr= r_vir2abs(sector / RATIO(block_size))) == 0) {
 529                         fprintf(stderr, "installboot: %s has holes!\n",
 530                                                                 bootcode);
 531                         exit(1);
 532                 }
 533                 addr= (addr * RATIO(block_size)) + (sector % RATIO(block_size));
 534
 535                 /* First address of the addresses array? */
 536                 if (bap->count == 0) bap->address= addr;
 537
 538                 /* Paste sectors together in a multisector read. */
 539                 if (bap->address + bap->count == addr)
 540                         bap->count++;
 541                 else {
 542                         /* New address. */
 543                         bap++;
 544                         bap->address= addr;
 545                         bap->count= 1;
 546                 }
 547         }
 548         (++bap)->count= 0;      /* No more. */
 549
 550         /* Get the boot block and patch the pieces in. */
 551         readblock(BOOTBLOCK, buf, BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE);
 552
 553         if ((bootf= fopen(bootblock, "r")) == nil) fatal(bootblock);
 554
 555         read_header(0, bootblock, bootf, &dummy);
 556         boothdr= dummy.process;
 557
 558         if (boothdr.a_text + boothdr.a_data +
 559                                          4 * (bap - bootaddr) + 1 > PARTPOS) {
 560                 fprintf(stderr,
 561         "installboot: %s + addresses to %s don't fit in the boot sector\n",
 562                         bootblock, bootcode);
 563                 fprintf(stderr,
 564                     "You can try copying/reinstalling %s to defragment it\n",
 565                         bootcode);
 566                 exit(1);
 567         }
 568
 569         /* All checks out right.  Read bootblock into the boot block! */
 570         bread(bootf, bootblock, buf, boothdr.a_text + boothdr.a_data);
 571         (void) fclose(bootf);
 572
 573         /* Patch the addresses in. */
 574         adrp= buf + (int) (boothdr.a_text + boothdr.a_data);
 575         for (bap= bootaddr; bap->count != 0; bap++) {
 576                 *adrp++= bap->count;
 577                 *adrp++= (bap->address >>  0) & 0xFF;
 578                 *adrp++= (bap->address >>  8) & 0xFF;
 579                 *adrp++= (bap->address >> 16) & 0xFF;
 580         }
 581         /* Zero count stops bootblock's reading loop. */
 582         *adrp++= 0;
 583
 584         if (bap > bootaddr+1) {
 585                 printf("%s and %d addresses to %s patched into %s\n",
 586                         bootblock, (int)(bap - bootaddr), bootcode, device);
 587         }
 588
 589         /* Boot block signature. */
 590         buf[SIGPOS+0]= (SIGNATURE >> 0) & 0xFF;
 591         buf[SIGPOS+1]= (SIGNATURE >> 8) & 0xFF;
 592
 593         /* Sector 2 of the boot block is used for boot parameters, initially
 594          * filled with null commands (newlines).  Initialize it only if
 595          * necessary.
 596          */
 597         for (parmp= buf + SECTOR_SIZE; parmp < buf + 2*SECTOR_SIZE; parmp++) {
 598                 if (*imagev != nil || (control(*parmp) && *parmp != '\n')) {
 599                         /* Param sector must be initialized. */
 600                         memset(buf + SECTOR_SIZE, '\n', SECTOR_SIZE);
 601                         break;
 602                 }
 603         }
 604
 605         /* Offset to the end of the file system to add boot code and images. */
 606         pos= fssize * RATIO(block_size);
 607
 608         if (ino == 0) {
 609                 /* Place the boot code onto the boot device. */
 610                 len= max_sector;
 611                 if (!raw_install(bootcode, &pos, &len, block_size)) {
 612                         if (how == FS) {
 613                                 fprintf(stderr,
 614         "\t(Isn't there a copy of %s on %s that can be used?)\n",
 615                                         bootcode, device);
 616                         }
 617                         exit(1);
 618                 }
 619         }
 620
 621         parmp= buf + SECTOR_SIZE;
 622         nolabel= 0;
 623
 624         if (how == BOOT) {
 625                 /* A boot only disk needs to have floppies swapped. */
 626                 strcpy(parmp,
 627         "trailer()echo \\nInsert the root diskette then hit RETURN\\n\\w\\c\n");
 628                 parmp+= strlen(parmp);
 629         }
 630
 631         while ((labels= *imagev++) != nil) {
 632                 /* Place each kernel image on the boot device. */
 633
 634                 if ((image= strchr(labels, ':')) != nil)
 635                         *image++= 0;
 636                 else {
 637                         if (nolabel) {
 638                                 fprintf(stderr,
 639                             "installboot: Only one image can be the default\n");
 640                                 exit(1);
 641                         }
 642                         nolabel= 1;
 643                         image= labels;
 644                         labels= nil;
 645                 }
 646                 len= 0;
 647                 if (!raw_install(image, &pos, &len, block_size)) exit(1);
 648
 649                 if (labels == nil) {
 650                         /* Let this image be the default. */
 651                         sprintf(parmp, "image=%ld:%ld\n", pos-len, len);
 652                         parmp+= strlen(parmp);
 653                 }
 654
 655                 while (labels != nil) {
 656                         /* Image is prefixed by a comma separated list of
 657                          * labels.  Define functions to select label and image.
 658                          */
 659                         label= labels;
 660                         if ((labels= strchr(labels, ',')) != nil) *labels++ = 0;
 661
 662                         sprintf(parmp,
 663                 "%s(%c){label=%s;image=%ld:%ld;echo %s kernel selected;menu}\n",
 664                                 label,
 665                                 between('A', label[0], 'Z')
 666                                         ? label[0]-'A'+'a' : label[0],
 667                                 label, pos-len, len, label);
 668                         parmp+= strlen(parmp);
 669                 }
 670
 671                 if (parmp > buf + block_size) {
 672                         fprintf(stderr,
 673                 "installboot: Out of parameter space, too many images\n");
 674                         exit(1);
 675                 }
 676         }
 677         /* Install boot block. */
 678         writeblock((off_t) BOOTBLOCK, buf, 1024);
 679
 680         if (pos > fssize * RATIO(block_size)) {
 681                 /* Tell the total size of the data on the device. */
 682                 printf("%16ld  (%ld kb) total\n", pos,
 683                                                 (pos + RATIO(block_size) - 1) / RATIO(block_size));
 684         }
 685 }
 686
 687 void install_master(char *device, char *masterboot, char **guide)
 688 /* Booting a hard disk is a two stage process:  The master bootstrap in sector
 689  * 0 loads the bootstrap from sector 0 of the active partition which in turn
 690  * starts the operating system.  This code installs such a master bootstrap
 691  * on a hard disk.  If guide[0] is non-null then the master bootstrap is
 692  * guided into booting a certain device.
 693  */
 694 {
 695         FILE *masf;
 696         unsigned long size;
 697         struct stat st;
 698         static char buf[_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE];
 699
 700         /* Open device. */
 701         if ((rawfd= open(rawdev= device, O_RDWR)) < 0) fatal(device);
 702
 703         /* Open the master boot code. */
 704         if ((masf= fopen(masterboot, "r")) == nil) fatal(masterboot);
 705
 706         /* See if the user is cloning a device. */
 707         if (fstat(fileno(masf), &st) >=0 && S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
 708                 size= PARTPOS;
 709         else {
 710                 /* Read and check header otherwise. */
 711                 struct image_header ihdr;
 712
 713                 read_header(1, masterboot, masf, &ihdr);
 714                 size= ihdr.process.a_text + ihdr.process.a_data;
 715         }
 716         if (size > PARTPOS) {
 717                 fprintf(stderr, "installboot: %s is too big\n", masterboot);
 718                 exit(1);
 719         }
 720
 721         /* Read the master boot block, patch it, write. */
 722         readblock(BOOTBLOCK, buf, BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE);
 723
 724         memset(buf, 0, PARTPOS);
 725         (void) bread(masf, masterboot, buf, size);
 726
 727         if (guide[0] != nil) {
 728                 /* Fixate partition to boot. */
 729                 char *keys= guide[0];
 730                 char *logical= guide[1];
 731                 size_t i;
 732                 int logfd;
 733                 u32_t offset;
 734                 struct partition geometry;
 735
 736                 /* A string of digits to be seen as keystrokes. */
 737                 i= 0;
 738                 do {
 739                         if (!between('0', keys[i], '9')) {
 740                                 fprintf(stderr,
 741                                         "installboot: bad guide keys '%s'\n",
 742                                         keys);
 743                                 exit(1);
 744                         }
 745                 } while (keys[++i] != 0);
 746
 747                 if (size + i + 1 > PARTPOS) {
 748                         fprintf(stderr,
 749                         "installboot: not enough space after '%s' for '%s'\n",
 750                                 masterboot, keys);
 751                         exit(1);
 752                 }
 753                 memcpy(buf + size, keys, i);
 754                 size += i;
 755                 buf[size]= '\r';
 756
 757                 if (logical != nil) {
 758                         if ((logfd= open(logical, O_RDONLY)) < 0
 759                                 || ioctl(logfd, DIOCGETP, &geometry) < 0
 760                         ) {
 761                                 fatal(logical);
 762                         }
 763                         offset= div64u(geometry.base, SECTOR_SIZE);
 764                         if (size + 5 > PARTPOS) {
 765                                 fprintf(stderr,
 766                                         "installboot: not enough space "
 767                                         "after '%s' for '%s' and an offset "
 768                                         "to '%s'\n",
 769                                         masterboot, keys, logical);
 770                                 exit(1);
 771                         }
 772                         buf[size]= '#';
 773                         memcpy(buf+size+1, &offset, 4);
 774                 }
 775         }
 776
 777         /* Install signature. */
 778         buf[SIGPOS+0]= (SIGNATURE >> 0) & 0xFF;
 779         buf[SIGPOS+1]= (SIGNATURE >> 8) & 0xFF;
 780
 781         writeblock(BOOTBLOCK, buf, BOOT_BLOCK_SIZE);
 782 }
 783
 784 void usage(void)
 785 {
 786         fprintf(stderr,
 787           "Usage: installboot -i(mage) image kernel mm fs ... init\n"
 788           "       installboot -(e)x(tract) image\n"
 789           "       installboot -d(evice) device bootblock boot [image ...]\n"
 790           "       installboot -b(oot) device bootblock boot image ...\n"
 791           "       installboot -m(aster) device masterboot [keys [logical]]\n");
 792         exit(1);
 793 }
 794
 795 int isoption(char *option, char *test)
 796 /* Check if the option argument is equals "test".  Also accept -i as short
 797  * for -image, and the special case -x for -extract.
 798  */
 799 {
 800         if (strcmp(option, test) == 0) return 1;
 801         if (option[0] != '-' && strlen(option) != 2) return 0;
 802         if (option[1] == test[1]) return 1;
 803         if (option[1] == 'x' && test[1] == 'e') return 1;
 804         return 0;
 805 }
 806
 807 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 808 {
 809         if (argc < 2) usage();
 810
 811         if (argc >= 4 && isoption(argv[1], "-image")) {
 812                 make_image(argv[2], argv + 3);
 813         } else
 814         if (argc == 3 && isoption(argv[1], "-extract")) {
 815                 extract_image(argv[2]);
 816         } else
 817         if (argc >= 5 && isoption(argv[1], "-device")) {
 818                 make_bootable(FS, argv[2], argv[3], argv[4], argv + 5);
 819         } else
 820         if (argc >= 6 && isoption(argv[1], "-boot")) {
 821                 make_bootable(BOOT, argv[2], argv[3], argv[4], argv + 5);
 822         } else
 823         if ((4 <= argc && argc <= 6) && isoption(argv[1], "-master")) {
 824                 install_master(argv[2], argv[3], argv + 4);
 825         } else {
 826                 usage();
 827         }
 828         exit(0);
 829 }
 830
 831 /*
 832  * $PchId: installboot.c,v 1.10 2000/08/13 22:07:50 philip Exp $
 833  */