added MouseWheel event support for Silverlight 3.0

[moon.git] / cairo / src / cairo-scaled-font.c

/* -*- Mode: c; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: t; tab-width: 8; -*- */
/*
 * Copyright © 2005 Keith Packard
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it either under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation
 * (the "LGPL") or, at your option, under the terms of the Mozilla
 * Public License Version 1.1 (the "MPL"). If you do not alter this
 * notice, a recipient may use your version of this file under either
 * the MPL or the LGPL.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the LGPL along with this library
 * in the file COPYING-LGPL-2.1; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
 * You should have received a copy of the MPL along with this library
 * in the file COPYING-MPL-1.1
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License
 * Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
 *
 * This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY
 * OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the LGPL or the MPL for
 * the specific language governing rights and limitations.
 *
 * The Original Code is the cairo graphics library.
 *
 * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Keith Packard
 *
 * Contributor(s):
 *      Keith Packard <keithp@keithp.com>
 *      Carl D. Worth <cworth@cworth.org>
 *      Graydon Hoare <graydon@redhat.com>
 *      Owen Taylor <otaylor@redhat.com>
 *      Behdad Esfahbod <behdad@behdad.org>
 */

#include "cairoint.h"
#include "cairo-scaled-font-private.h"

/*
 *  Notes:
 *
 *  To store rasterizations of glyphs, we use an image surface and the
 *  device offset to represent the glyph origin.
 *
 *  A device_transform converts from device space (a conceptual space) to
 *  surface space.  For simple cases of translation only, it's called a
 *  device_offset and is public API (cairo_surface_[gs]et_device_offset()).
 *  A possibly better name for those functions could have been
 *  cairo_surface_[gs]et_origin().  So, that's what they do: they set where
 *  the device-space origin (0,0) is in the surface.  If the origin is inside
 *  the surface, device_offset values are positive.  It may look like this:
 *
 *  Device space:
 *        (-x,-y) <-- negative numbers
 *           +----------------+
 *           |      .         |
 *           |      .         |
 *           |......(0,0) <---|-- device-space origin
 *           |                |
 *           |                |
 *           +----------------+
 *                    (width-x,height-y)
 *
 *  Surface space:
 *         (0,0) <-- surface-space origin
 *           +---------------+
 *           |      .        |
 *           |      .        |
 *           |......(x,y) <--|-- device_offset
 *           |               |
 *           |               |
 *           +---------------+
 *                     (width,height)
 *
 *  In other words: device_offset is the coordinates of the device-space
 *  origin relative to the top-left of the surface.
 *
 *  We use device offsets in a couple of places:
 *
 *    - Public API: To let toolkits like Gtk+ give user a surface that
 *      only represents part of the final destination (say, the expose
 *      area), but has the same device space as the destination.  In these
 *      cases device_offset is typically negative.  Example:
 *
 *           application window
 *           +---------------+
 *           |      .        |
 *           | (x,y).        |
 *           |......+---+    |
 *           |      |   | <--|-- expose area
 *           |      +---+    |
 *           +---------------+
 *
 *      In this case, the user of cairo API can set the device_space on
 *      the expose area to (-x,-y) to move the device space origin to that
 *      of the application window, such that drawing in the expose area
 *      surface and painting it in the application window has the same
 *      effect as drawing in the application window directly.  Gtk+ has
 *      been using this feature.
 *
 *    - Glyph surfaces: In most font rendering systems, glyph surfaces
 *      have an origin at (0,0) and a bounding box that is typically
 *      represented as (x_bearing,y_bearing,width,height).  Depending on
 *      which way y progresses in the system, y_bearing may typically be
 *      negative (for systems similar to cairo, with origin at top left),
 *      or be positive (in systems like PDF with origin at bottom left).
 *      No matter which is the case, it is important to note that
 *      (x_bearing,y_bearing) is the coordinates of top-left of the glyph
 *      relative to the glyph origin.  That is, for example:
 *
 *      Scaled-glyph space:
 *
 *        (x_bearing,y_bearing) <-- negative numbers
 *           +----------------+
 *           |      .         |
 *           |      .         |
 *           |......(0,0) <---|-- glyph origin
 *           |                |
 *           |                |
 *           +----------------+
 *                    (width+x_bearing,height+y_bearing)
 *
 *      Note the similarity of the origin to the device space.  That is
 *      exactly how we use the device_offset to represent scaled glyphs:
 *      to use the device-space origin as the glyph origin.
 *
 *  Now compare the scaled-glyph space to device-space and surface-space
 *  and convince yourself that:
 *
 *      (x_bearing,y_bearing) = (-x,-y) = - device_offset
 *
 *  That's right.  If you are not convinced yet, contrast the definition
 *  of the two:
 *
 *      "(x_bearing,y_bearing) is the coordinates of top-left of the
 *       glyph relative to the glyph origin."
 *
 *      "In other words: device_offset is the coordinates of the
 *       device-space origin relative to the top-left of the surface."
 *
 *  and note that glyph origin = device-space origin.
 */

static void
_cairo_scaled_font_fini_internal (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font);

static cairo_bool_t
_cairo_scaled_glyph_keys_equal (const void *abstract_key_a, const void *abstract_key_b)
{
    const cairo_scaled_glyph_t *key_a = abstract_key_a;
    const cairo_scaled_glyph_t *key_b = abstract_key_b;

    return (_cairo_scaled_glyph_index (key_a) ==
            _cairo_scaled_glyph_index (key_b));
}

static void
_cairo_scaled_glyph_fini (cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph)
{
    cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font = scaled_glyph->scaled_font;
    const cairo_surface_backend_t *surface_backend = scaled_font->surface_backend;

    if (surface_backend != NULL && surface_backend->scaled_glyph_fini != NULL)
        surface_backend->scaled_glyph_fini (scaled_glyph, scaled_font);
    if (scaled_glyph->surface != NULL)
        cairo_surface_destroy (&scaled_glyph->surface->base);
    if (scaled_glyph->path != NULL)
        _cairo_path_fixed_destroy (scaled_glyph->path);
    if (scaled_glyph->meta_surface != NULL)
        cairo_surface_destroy (scaled_glyph->meta_surface);
}

static void
_cairo_scaled_glyph_destroy (void *abstract_glyph)
{
    cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph = abstract_glyph;
    _cairo_scaled_glyph_fini (scaled_glyph);
    free (scaled_glyph);
}

#define ZOMBIE 0
static const cairo_scaled_font_t _cairo_scaled_font_nil = {
    { ZOMBIE },                 /* hash_entry */
    CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY,     /* status */
    CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_INVALID,      /* ref_count */
    { 0, 0, 0, NULL },          /* user_data */
    NULL,                       /* font_face */
    { 1., 0., 0., 1., 0, 0},    /* font_matrix */
    { 1., 0., 0., 1., 0, 0},    /* ctm */
    { CAIRO_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT,  /* options */
      CAIRO_SUBPIXEL_ORDER_DEFAULT,
      CAIRO_HINT_STYLE_DEFAULT,
      CAIRO_HINT_METRICS_DEFAULT} ,
    FALSE,                      /* placeholder */
    TRUE,                       /* finished */
    { 1., 0., 0., 1., 0, 0},    /* scale */
    { 1., 0., 0., 1., 0, 0},    /* scale_inverse */
    1.,                         /* max_scale */
    { 0., 0., 0., 0., 0. },     /* extents */
    CAIRO_MUTEX_NIL_INITIALIZER,/* mutex */
    NULL,                       /* glyphs */
    NULL,                       /* surface_backend */
    NULL,                       /* surface_private */
    CAIRO_SCALED_FONT_BACKEND_DEFAULT,
};

/**
 * _cairo_scaled_font_set_error:
 * @scaled_font: a scaled_font
 * @status: a status value indicating an error
 *
 * Atomically sets scaled_font->status to @status and calls _cairo_error;
 * Does nothing if status is %CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS.
 *
 * All assignments of an error status to scaled_font->status should happen
 * through _cairo_scaled_font_set_error(). Note that due to the nature of
 * the atomic operation, it is not safe to call this function on the nil
 * objects.
 *
 * The purpose of this function is to allow the user to set a
 * breakpoint in _cairo_error() to generate a stack trace for when the
 * user causes cairo to detect an error.
 *
 * Return value: the error status.
 **/
cairo_status_t
_cairo_scaled_font_set_error (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font,
                              cairo_status_t status)
{
    if (status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS)
        return status;

    /* Don't overwrite an existing error. This preserves the first
     * error, which is the most significant. */
    _cairo_status_set_error (&scaled_font->status, status);

    return _cairo_error (status);
}

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_type:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 *
 * This function returns the type of the backend used to create
 * a scaled font. See #cairo_font_type_t for available types.
 *
 * Return value: The type of @scaled_font.
 *
 * Since: 1.2
 **/
cairo_font_type_t
cairo_scaled_font_get_type (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    if (CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_IS_INVALID (&scaled_font->ref_count))
        return CAIRO_FONT_TYPE_TOY;

    return scaled_font->backend->type;
}

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_status:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 *
 * Checks whether an error has previously occurred for this
 * scaled_font.
 *
 * Return value: %CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS or another error such as
 *   %CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY.
 **/
cairo_status_t
cairo_scaled_font_status (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    return scaled_font->status;
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_status);

/* Here we keep a unique mapping from
 * font_face/matrix/ctm/font_options => #cairo_scaled_font_t.
 *
 * Here are the things that we want to map:
 *
 *  a) All otherwise referenced #cairo_scaled_font_t's
 *  b) Some number of not otherwise referenced #cairo_scaled_font_t's
 *
 * The implementation uses a hash table which covers (a)
 * completely. Then, for (b) we have an array of otherwise
 * unreferenced fonts (holdovers) which are expired in
 * least-recently-used order.
 *
 * The cairo_scaled_font_create() code gets to treat this like a regular
 * hash table. All of the magic for the little holdover cache is in
 * cairo_scaled_font_reference() and cairo_scaled_font_destroy().
 */

/* This defines the size of the holdover array ... that is, the number
 * of scaled fonts we keep around even when not otherwise referenced
 */
#define CAIRO_SCALED_FONT_MAX_HOLDOVERS 256

typedef struct _cairo_scaled_font_map {
    cairo_scaled_font_t *mru_scaled_font;
    cairo_hash_table_t *hash_table;
    cairo_scaled_font_t *holdovers[CAIRO_SCALED_FONT_MAX_HOLDOVERS];
    int num_holdovers;
} cairo_scaled_font_map_t;

static cairo_scaled_font_map_t *cairo_scaled_font_map = NULL;

static int
_cairo_scaled_font_keys_equal (const void *abstract_key_a, const void *abstract_key_b);

static cairo_scaled_font_map_t *
_cairo_scaled_font_map_lock (void)
{
    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);

    if (cairo_scaled_font_map == NULL) {
        cairo_scaled_font_map = malloc (sizeof (cairo_scaled_font_map_t));
        if (cairo_scaled_font_map == NULL)
            goto CLEANUP_MUTEX_LOCK;

        cairo_scaled_font_map->mru_scaled_font = NULL;
        cairo_scaled_font_map->hash_table =
            _cairo_hash_table_create (_cairo_scaled_font_keys_equal);

        if (cairo_scaled_font_map->hash_table == NULL)
            goto CLEANUP_SCALED_FONT_MAP;

        cairo_scaled_font_map->num_holdovers = 0;
    }

    return cairo_scaled_font_map;

 CLEANUP_SCALED_FONT_MAP:
    free (cairo_scaled_font_map);
    cairo_scaled_font_map = NULL;
 CLEANUP_MUTEX_LOCK:
    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
    _cairo_error_throw (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
    return NULL;
}

static void
_cairo_scaled_font_map_unlock (void)
{
   CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
}

void
_cairo_scaled_font_map_destroy (void)
{
    cairo_scaled_font_map_t *font_map;
    cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font;

    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);

    font_map = cairo_scaled_font_map;
    if (font_map == NULL) {
        goto CLEANUP_MUTEX_LOCK;
    }

    scaled_font = font_map->mru_scaled_font;
    if (scaled_font != NULL) {
        CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
        cairo_scaled_font_destroy (scaled_font);
        CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
    }

    /* remove scaled_fonts starting from the end so that font_map->holdovers
     * is always in a consistent state when we release the mutex. */
    while (font_map->num_holdovers) {
        scaled_font = font_map->holdovers[font_map->num_holdovers-1];
        assert (! CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_HAS_REFERENCE (&scaled_font->ref_count));
        _cairo_hash_table_remove (font_map->hash_table,
                                  &scaled_font->hash_entry);

        font_map->num_holdovers--;

        /* This releases the font_map lock to avoid the possibility of a
         * recursive deadlock when the scaled font destroy closure gets
         * called
         */
        _cairo_scaled_font_fini (scaled_font);

        free (scaled_font);
    }

    _cairo_hash_table_destroy (font_map->hash_table);

    free (cairo_scaled_font_map);
    cairo_scaled_font_map = NULL;

 CLEANUP_MUTEX_LOCK:
    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
}


/* If a scaled font wants to unlock the font map while still being
 * created (needed for user-fonts), we need to take extra care not
 * ending up with multiple identical scaled fonts being created.
 *
 * What we do is, we create a fake identical scaled font, and mark
 * it as placeholder, lock its mutex, and insert that in the fontmap
 * hash table.  This makes other code trying to create an identical
 * scaled font to just wait and retry.
 *
 * The reason we have to create a fake scaled font instead of just using
 * scaled_font is for lifecycle management: we need to (or rather,
 * other code needs to) reference the scaled_font in the hash table.
 * We can't do that on the input scaled_font as it may be freed by
 * font backend upon error.
 */

cairo_status_t
_cairo_scaled_font_register_placeholder_and_unlock_font_map (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    cairo_status_t status;
    cairo_scaled_font_t *placeholder_scaled_font;

    assert (CAIRO_MUTEX_IS_LOCKED (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex));

    status = scaled_font->status;
    if (status)
        return status;

    placeholder_scaled_font = malloc (sizeof (cairo_scaled_font_t));
    if (placeholder_scaled_font == NULL)
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);

    /* full initialization is wasteful, but who cares... */
    status = _cairo_scaled_font_init (placeholder_scaled_font,
                                      scaled_font->font_face,
                                      &scaled_font->font_matrix,
                                      &scaled_font->ctm,
                                      &scaled_font->options,
                                      NULL);
    if (status)
        goto FREE_PLACEHOLDER;

    placeholder_scaled_font->placeholder = TRUE;

    status = _cairo_hash_table_insert (cairo_scaled_font_map->hash_table,
                                       &placeholder_scaled_font->hash_entry);
    if (status)
        goto FINI_PLACEHOLDER;

    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (placeholder_scaled_font->mutex);

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;

  FINI_PLACEHOLDER:
    _cairo_scaled_font_fini_internal (placeholder_scaled_font);
  FREE_PLACEHOLDER:
    free (placeholder_scaled_font);

    return _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);
}

void
_cairo_scaled_font_unregister_placeholder_and_lock_font_map (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    cairo_scaled_font_t *placeholder_scaled_font;
    cairo_bool_t found;

    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);

    found = _cairo_hash_table_lookup (cairo_scaled_font_map->hash_table,
                                      &scaled_font->hash_entry,
                                      (cairo_hash_entry_t**) &placeholder_scaled_font);
    assert (found);
    assert (placeholder_scaled_font->placeholder);
    assert (CAIRO_MUTEX_IS_LOCKED (placeholder_scaled_font->mutex));

    _cairo_hash_table_remove (cairo_scaled_font_map->hash_table,
                              &scaled_font->hash_entry);

    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);

    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (placeholder_scaled_font->mutex);
    cairo_scaled_font_destroy (placeholder_scaled_font);

    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
}

static void
_cairo_scaled_font_placeholder_wait_for_creation_to_finish (cairo_scaled_font_t *placeholder_scaled_font)
{
    /* reference the place holder so it doesn't go away */
    cairo_scaled_font_reference (placeholder_scaled_font);

    /* now unlock the fontmap mutex so creation has a chance to finish */
    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);

    /* wait on placeholder mutex until we are awaken */
    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (placeholder_scaled_font->mutex);

    /* ok, creation done.  just clean up and back out */
    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (placeholder_scaled_font->mutex);
    cairo_scaled_font_destroy (placeholder_scaled_font);

    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
}

/* Fowler / Noll / Vo (FNV) Hash (http://www.isthe.com/chongo/tech/comp/fnv/)
 *
 * Not necessarily better than a lot of other hashes, but should be OK, and
 * well tested with binary data.
 */

#define FNV_32_PRIME ((uint32_t)0x01000193)
#define FNV1_32_INIT ((uint32_t)0x811c9dc5)

static uint32_t
_hash_bytes_fnv (unsigned char *buffer,
                 int            len,
                 uint32_t       hval)
{
    while (len--) {
        hval *= FNV_32_PRIME;
        hval ^= *buffer++;
    }

    return hval;
}

static void
_cairo_scaled_font_init_key (cairo_scaled_font_t        *scaled_font,
                             cairo_font_face_t          *font_face,
                             const cairo_matrix_t       *font_matrix,
                             const cairo_matrix_t       *ctm,
                             const cairo_font_options_t *options)
{
    uint32_t hash = FNV1_32_INIT;

    scaled_font->status = CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
    scaled_font->placeholder = FALSE;
    scaled_font->font_face = font_face;
    scaled_font->font_matrix = *font_matrix;
    scaled_font->ctm = *ctm;
    /* ignore translation values in the ctm */
    scaled_font->ctm.x0 = 0.;
    scaled_font->ctm.y0 = 0.;
    _cairo_font_options_init_copy (&scaled_font->options, options);

    /* We do a bytewise hash on the font matrices */
    hash = _hash_bytes_fnv ((unsigned char *)(&scaled_font->font_matrix.xx),
                            sizeof(cairo_matrix_t), hash);
    hash = _hash_bytes_fnv ((unsigned char *)(&scaled_font->ctm.xx),
                            sizeof(cairo_matrix_t), hash);

    hash ^= (unsigned long) scaled_font->font_face;

    hash ^= cairo_font_options_hash (&scaled_font->options);

    assert (hash != ZOMBIE);
    scaled_font->hash_entry.hash = hash;
}

static cairo_bool_t
_cairo_scaled_font_keys_equal (const void *abstract_key_a, const void *abstract_key_b)
{
    const cairo_scaled_font_t *key_a = abstract_key_a;
    const cairo_scaled_font_t *key_b = abstract_key_b;

    return (key_a->font_face == key_b->font_face &&
            memcmp ((unsigned char *)(&key_a->font_matrix.xx),
                    (unsigned char *)(&key_b->font_matrix.xx),
                    sizeof(cairo_matrix_t)) == 0 &&
            memcmp ((unsigned char *)(&key_a->ctm.xx),
                    (unsigned char *)(&key_b->ctm.xx),
                    sizeof(cairo_matrix_t)) == 0 &&
            cairo_font_options_equal (&key_a->options, &key_b->options));
}

/* XXX: This 256 number is arbitrary---we've never done any measurement
 * of this. In fact, having a per-font glyph caches each managed
 * separately is probably not what we want anyway. Would probably be
 * much better to have a single cache for glyphs with random
 * replacement across all glyphs of all fonts. */
#define MAX_GLYPHS_CACHED_PER_FONT 256

/*
 * Basic #cairo_scaled_font_t object management
 */

cairo_status_t
_cairo_scaled_font_init (cairo_scaled_font_t               *scaled_font,
                         cairo_font_face_t                 *font_face,
                         const cairo_matrix_t              *font_matrix,
                         const cairo_matrix_t              *ctm,
                         const cairo_font_options_t        *options,
                         const cairo_scaled_font_backend_t *backend)
{
    cairo_status_t status;

    status = cairo_font_options_status ((cairo_font_options_t *) options);
    if (status)
        return status;

    _cairo_scaled_font_init_key (scaled_font, font_face,
                                 font_matrix, ctm, options);

    cairo_matrix_multiply (&scaled_font->scale,
                           &scaled_font->font_matrix,
                           &scaled_font->ctm);

    scaled_font->max_scale = MAX (fabs (scaled_font->scale.xx) + fabs (scaled_font->scale.xy),
                                  fabs (scaled_font->scale.yx) + fabs (scaled_font->scale.yy));
    scaled_font->scale_inverse = scaled_font->scale;
    status = cairo_matrix_invert (&scaled_font->scale_inverse);
    if (status) {
        /* If the font scale matrix is rank 0, just using an all-zero inverse matrix
         * makes everything work correctly.  This make font size 0 work without
         * producing an error.
         *
         * FIXME:  If the scale is rank 1, we still go into error mode.  But then
         * again, that's what we do everywhere in cairo.
         *
         * Also, the check for == 0. below may be too harsh...
         */
        if (scaled_font->scale.xx == 0. && scaled_font->scale.xy == 0. &&
            scaled_font->scale.yx == 0. && scaled_font->scale.yy == 0.)
            cairo_matrix_init (&scaled_font->scale_inverse,
                               0, 0, 0, 0,
                               -scaled_font->scale.x0,
                               -scaled_font->scale.y0);
        else
            return status;
    }

    scaled_font->finished = FALSE;

    scaled_font->glyphs = _cairo_cache_create (_cairo_scaled_glyph_keys_equal,
                                               _cairo_scaled_glyph_destroy,
                                               MAX_GLYPHS_CACHED_PER_FONT);
    if (scaled_font->glyphs == NULL)
        return _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);

    CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_INIT (&scaled_font->ref_count, 1);

    _cairo_user_data_array_init (&scaled_font->user_data);

    cairo_font_face_reference (font_face);

    CAIRO_MUTEX_INIT (scaled_font->mutex);

    scaled_font->surface_backend = NULL;
    scaled_font->surface_private = NULL;

    scaled_font->backend = backend;

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

void
_cairo_scaled_font_freeze_cache (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    /* ensure we do not modify an error object */
    assert (scaled_font->status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS);

    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (scaled_font->mutex);
    _cairo_cache_freeze (scaled_font->glyphs);
}

void
_cairo_scaled_font_thaw_cache (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    _cairo_cache_thaw (scaled_font->glyphs);
    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (scaled_font->mutex);
}

void
_cairo_scaled_font_reset_cache (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    assert (CAIRO_MUTEX_IS_LOCKED (scaled_font->mutex));

    _cairo_cache_destroy (scaled_font->glyphs);
    scaled_font->glyphs = _cairo_cache_create (_cairo_scaled_glyph_keys_equal,
                                               _cairo_scaled_glyph_destroy,
                                               MAX_GLYPHS_CACHED_PER_FONT);
}

cairo_status_t
_cairo_scaled_font_set_metrics (cairo_scaled_font_t         *scaled_font,
                                cairo_font_extents_t        *fs_metrics)
{
    cairo_status_t status;
    double  font_scale_x, font_scale_y;

    status = _cairo_matrix_compute_basis_scale_factors (&scaled_font->font_matrix,
                                                  &font_scale_x, &font_scale_y,
                                                  1);
    if (status)
        return status;

    /*
     * The font responded in unscaled units, scale by the font
     * matrix scale factors to get to user space
     */

    scaled_font->extents.ascent = fs_metrics->ascent * font_scale_y;
    scaled_font->extents.descent = fs_metrics->descent * font_scale_y;
    scaled_font->extents.height = fs_metrics->height * font_scale_y;
    scaled_font->extents.max_x_advance = fs_metrics->max_x_advance * font_scale_x;
    scaled_font->extents.max_y_advance = fs_metrics->max_y_advance * font_scale_y;

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

static void
_cairo_scaled_font_fini_internal (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    scaled_font->finished = TRUE;

    if (scaled_font->font_face != NULL)
        cairo_font_face_destroy (scaled_font->font_face);

    if (scaled_font->glyphs != NULL)
        _cairo_cache_destroy (scaled_font->glyphs);

    CAIRO_MUTEX_FINI (scaled_font->mutex);

    if (scaled_font->surface_backend != NULL &&
        scaled_font->surface_backend->scaled_font_fini != NULL)
        scaled_font->surface_backend->scaled_font_fini (scaled_font);

    if (scaled_font->backend != NULL && scaled_font->backend->fini != NULL)
        scaled_font->backend->fini (scaled_font);

    _cairo_user_data_array_fini (&scaled_font->user_data);
}

void
_cairo_scaled_font_fini (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    /* Release the lock to avoid the possibility of a recursive
     * deadlock when the scaled font destroy closure gets called. */
    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
    _cairo_scaled_font_fini_internal (scaled_font);
    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex);
}

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_create:
 * @font_face: a #cairo_font_face_t
 * @font_matrix: font space to user space transformation matrix for the
 *       font. In the simplest case of a N point font, this matrix is
 *       just a scale by N, but it can also be used to shear the font
 *       or stretch it unequally along the two axes. See
 *       cairo_set_font_matrix().
 * @ctm: user to device transformation matrix with which the font will
 *       be used.
 * @options: options to use when getting metrics for the font and
 *           rendering with it.
 *
 * Creates a #cairo_scaled_font_t object from a font face and matrices that
 * describe the size of the font and the environment in which it will
 * be used.
 *
 * Return value: a newly created #cairo_scaled_font_t. Destroy with
 *  cairo_scaled_font_destroy()
 **/
cairo_scaled_font_t *
cairo_scaled_font_create (cairo_font_face_t          *font_face,
                          const cairo_matrix_t       *font_matrix,
                          const cairo_matrix_t       *ctm,
                          const cairo_font_options_t *options)
{
    cairo_status_t status;
    cairo_font_face_t *impl_face;
    cairo_scaled_font_map_t *font_map;
    cairo_scaled_font_t key, *old = NULL, *scaled_font = NULL;

    if (font_face->status)
        return _cairo_scaled_font_create_in_error (font_face->status);

    status = cairo_font_options_status ((cairo_font_options_t *) options);
    if (status)
        return _cairo_scaled_font_create_in_error (status);

    /* Note that degenerate ctm or font_matrix *are* allowed.
     * We want to support a font size of 0. */

    if (font_face->backend->get_implementation != NULL) {
        /* indirect implementation, lookup the face that is used for the key */
        status = font_face->backend->get_implementation (font_face, &impl_face);
        if (status)
            return _cairo_scaled_font_create_in_error (status);
    } else
        impl_face = font_face;

    font_map = _cairo_scaled_font_map_lock ();
    if (font_map == NULL)
        return _cairo_scaled_font_create_in_error (_cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY));

    _cairo_scaled_font_init_key (&key, impl_face,
                                 font_matrix, ctm, options);
    scaled_font = font_map->mru_scaled_font;
    if (scaled_font != NULL &&
        scaled_font->hash_entry.hash == key.hash_entry.hash &&
        _cairo_scaled_font_keys_equal (scaled_font, &key))
    {
        assert (! scaled_font->placeholder);

        if (scaled_font->status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
            /* We increment the reference count manually here, (rather
             * than calling into cairo_scaled_font_reference), since we
             * must modify the reference count while our lock is still
             * held. */
            _cairo_reference_count_inc (&scaled_font->ref_count);
            _cairo_scaled_font_map_unlock ();
            return scaled_font;
        }

        /* the font has been put into an error status - abandon the cache */
        _cairo_hash_table_remove (font_map->hash_table, &key.hash_entry);
        scaled_font->hash_entry.hash = ZOMBIE;
    }
    else
    {
        while (_cairo_hash_table_lookup (font_map->hash_table, &key.hash_entry,
                                         (cairo_hash_entry_t**) &scaled_font))
        {
            if (! scaled_font->placeholder)
                break;

            /* If the scaled font is being created (happens for user-font),
             * just wait until it's done, then retry */
            _cairo_scaled_font_placeholder_wait_for_creation_to_finish (scaled_font);
        }

        /* Return existing scaled_font if it exists in the hash table. */
        if (scaled_font != NULL) {
            /* If the original reference count is 0, then this font must have
             * been found in font_map->holdovers, (which means this caching is
             * actually working). So now we remove it from the holdovers
             * array. */
            if (! CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_HAS_REFERENCE (&scaled_font->ref_count)) {
                int i;

                for (i = 0; i < font_map->num_holdovers; i++)
                    if (font_map->holdovers[i] == scaled_font)
                        break;
                assert (i < font_map->num_holdovers);

                font_map->num_holdovers--;
                memmove (&font_map->holdovers[i],
                         &font_map->holdovers[i+1],
                         (font_map->num_holdovers - i) * sizeof (cairo_scaled_font_t*));

                /* reset any error status */
                scaled_font->status = CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
            }

            if (scaled_font->status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
                /* We increment the reference count manually here, (rather
                 * than calling into cairo_scaled_font_reference), since we
                 * must modify the reference count while our lock is still
                 * held. */

                old = font_map->mru_scaled_font;
                font_map->mru_scaled_font = scaled_font;
                /* increment reference count for the mru cache */
                _cairo_reference_count_inc (&scaled_font->ref_count);
                /* and increment for the returned reference */
                _cairo_reference_count_inc (&scaled_font->ref_count);
                _cairo_scaled_font_map_unlock ();

                cairo_scaled_font_destroy (old);

                return scaled_font;
            }

            /* the font has been put into an error status - abandon the cache */
            _cairo_hash_table_remove (font_map->hash_table, &key.hash_entry);
            scaled_font->hash_entry.hash = ZOMBIE;
        }
    }

    /* Otherwise create it and insert it into the hash table. */
    status = font_face->backend->scaled_font_create (font_face, font_matrix,
                                                     ctm, options, &scaled_font);
    if (status) {
        _cairo_scaled_font_map_unlock ();
        status = _cairo_font_face_set_error (font_face, status);
        return _cairo_scaled_font_create_in_error (status);
    }

    status = _cairo_hash_table_insert (font_map->hash_table,
                                       &scaled_font->hash_entry);
    if (status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        old = font_map->mru_scaled_font;
        font_map->mru_scaled_font = scaled_font;
        _cairo_reference_count_inc (&scaled_font->ref_count);
    }

    _cairo_scaled_font_map_unlock ();

    if (status) {
        /* We can't call _cairo_scaled_font_destroy here since it expects
         * that the font has already been successfully inserted into the
         * hash table. */
        _cairo_scaled_font_fini_internal (scaled_font);
        free (scaled_font);
        return _cairo_scaled_font_create_in_error (status);
    }

    cairo_scaled_font_destroy (old);

    return scaled_font;
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_create);

static cairo_scaled_font_t *_cairo_scaled_font_nil_objects[CAIRO_STATUS_LAST_STATUS + 1];

/* XXX This should disappear in favour of a common pool of error objects. */
cairo_scaled_font_t *
_cairo_scaled_font_create_in_error (cairo_status_t status)
{
    cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font;

    assert (status != CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS);

    if (status == CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY)
        return (cairo_scaled_font_t *) &_cairo_scaled_font_nil;

    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_error_mutex);
    scaled_font = _cairo_scaled_font_nil_objects[status];
    if (scaled_font == NULL) {
        scaled_font = malloc (sizeof (cairo_scaled_font_t));
        if (scaled_font == NULL) {
            CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_error_mutex);
            _cairo_error_throw (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
            return (cairo_scaled_font_t *) &_cairo_scaled_font_nil;
        }

        *scaled_font = _cairo_scaled_font_nil;
        scaled_font->status = status;
        _cairo_scaled_font_nil_objects[status] = scaled_font;
    }
    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_error_mutex);

    return scaled_font;
}

void
_cairo_scaled_font_reset_static_data (void)
{
    int status;

    CAIRO_MUTEX_LOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_error_mutex);
    for (status = CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
         status <= CAIRO_STATUS_LAST_STATUS;
         status++)
    {
        if (_cairo_scaled_font_nil_objects[status] != NULL) {
            free (_cairo_scaled_font_nil_objects[status]);
            _cairo_scaled_font_nil_objects[status] = NULL;
        }
    }
    CAIRO_MUTEX_UNLOCK (_cairo_scaled_font_error_mutex);
}

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_reference:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t, (may be %NULL in which case
 * this function does nothing)
 *
 * Increases the reference count on @scaled_font by one. This prevents
 * @scaled_font from being destroyed until a matching call to
 * cairo_scaled_font_destroy() is made.
 *
 * The number of references to a #cairo_scaled_font_t can be get using
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_reference_count().
 *
 * Returns: the referenced #cairo_scaled_font_t
 **/
cairo_scaled_font_t *
cairo_scaled_font_reference (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    if (scaled_font == NULL ||
            CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_IS_INVALID (&scaled_font->ref_count))
        return scaled_font;

    assert (CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_HAS_REFERENCE (&scaled_font->ref_count));

    _cairo_reference_count_inc (&scaled_font->ref_count);

    return scaled_font;
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_reference);

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_destroy:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 *
 * Decreases the reference count on @font by one. If the result
 * is zero, then @font and all associated resources are freed.
 * See cairo_scaled_font_reference().
 **/
void
cairo_scaled_font_destroy (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    cairo_scaled_font_t *lru = NULL;
    cairo_scaled_font_map_t *font_map;

    assert (CAIRO_MUTEX_IS_UNLOCKED (_cairo_scaled_font_map_mutex));

    if (scaled_font == NULL ||
            CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_IS_INVALID (&scaled_font->ref_count))
        return;

    assert (CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_HAS_REFERENCE (&scaled_font->ref_count));

    font_map = _cairo_scaled_font_map_lock ();
    assert (font_map != NULL);

    if (_cairo_reference_count_dec_and_test (&scaled_font->ref_count)) {


        if (!scaled_font->placeholder && scaled_font->hash_entry.hash != ZOMBIE) {
            /* Rather than immediately destroying this object, we put it into
             * the font_map->holdovers array in case it will get used again
             * soon (and is why we must hold the lock over the atomic op on
             * the reference count). To make room for it, we do actually
             * destroy the least-recently-used holdover.
             */

            if (font_map->num_holdovers == CAIRO_SCALED_FONT_MAX_HOLDOVERS)
            {
                lru = font_map->holdovers[0];
                assert (! CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_HAS_REFERENCE (&lru->ref_count));

                _cairo_hash_table_remove (font_map->hash_table, &lru->hash_entry);

                font_map->num_holdovers--;
                memmove (&font_map->holdovers[0],
                         &font_map->holdovers[1],
                         font_map->num_holdovers * sizeof (cairo_scaled_font_t*));
            }

            font_map->holdovers[font_map->num_holdovers] = scaled_font;
            font_map->num_holdovers++;
        } else
            lru = scaled_font;

    }

    _cairo_scaled_font_map_unlock ();

    /* If we pulled an item from the holdovers array, (while the font
     * map lock was held, of course), then there is no way that anyone
     * else could have acquired a reference to it. So we can now
     * safely call fini on it without any lock held. This is desirable
     * as we never want to call into any backend function with a lock
     * held. */
    if (lru) {
        _cairo_scaled_font_fini_internal (lru);
        free (lru);
    }
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_destroy);

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_reference_count:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 *
 * Returns the current reference count of @scaled_font.
 *
 * Return value: the current reference count of @scaled_font.  If the
 * object is a nil object, 0 will be returned.
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
unsigned int
cairo_scaled_font_get_reference_count (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    if (scaled_font == NULL ||
            CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_IS_INVALID (&scaled_font->ref_count))
        return 0;

    return CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_GET_VALUE (&scaled_font->ref_count);
}

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_user_data:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @key: the address of the #cairo_user_data_key_t the user data was
 * attached to
 *
 * Return user data previously attached to @scaled_font using the
 * specified key.  If no user data has been attached with the given
 * key this function returns %NULL.
 *
 * Return value: the user data previously attached or %NULL.
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
void *
cairo_scaled_font_get_user_data (cairo_scaled_font_t         *scaled_font,
                                 const cairo_user_data_key_t *key)
{
    return _cairo_user_data_array_get_data (&scaled_font->user_data,
                                            key);
}

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_set_user_data:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @key: the address of a #cairo_user_data_key_t to attach the user data to
 * @user_data: the user data to attach to the #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @destroy: a #cairo_destroy_func_t which will be called when the
 * #cairo_t is destroyed or when new user data is attached using the
 * same key.
 *
 * Attach user data to @scaled_font.  To remove user data from a surface,
 * call this function with the key that was used to set it and %NULL
 * for @data.
 *
 * Return value: %CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS or %CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY if a
 * slot could not be allocated for the user data.
 *
 * Since: 1.4
 **/
cairo_status_t
cairo_scaled_font_set_user_data (cairo_scaled_font_t         *scaled_font,
                                 const cairo_user_data_key_t *key,
                                 void                        *user_data,
                                 cairo_destroy_func_t         destroy)
{
    if (CAIRO_REFERENCE_COUNT_IS_INVALID (&scaled_font->ref_count))
        return scaled_font->status;

    return _cairo_user_data_array_set_data (&scaled_font->user_data,
                                            key, user_data, destroy);
}

static cairo_bool_t
_cairo_scaled_font_is_frozen (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    return CAIRO_MUTEX_IS_LOCKED (scaled_font->mutex) &&
           scaled_font->glyphs->freeze_count > 0;
}

/* Public font API follows. */

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_extents:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @extents: a #cairo_font_extents_t which to store the retrieved extents.
 *
 * Gets the metrics for a #cairo_scaled_font_t.
 **/
void
cairo_scaled_font_extents (cairo_scaled_font_t  *scaled_font,
                           cairo_font_extents_t *extents)
{
    if (scaled_font->status) {
        extents->ascent  = 0.0;
        extents->descent = 0.0;
        extents->height  = 0.0;
        extents->max_x_advance = 0.0;
        extents->max_y_advance = 0.0;
        return;
    }

    *extents = scaled_font->extents;
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_extents);

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_text_extents:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @utf8: a NUL-terminated string of text, encoded in UTF-8
 * @extents: a #cairo_text_extents_t which to store the retrieved extents.
 *
 * Gets the extents for a string of text. The extents describe a
 * user-space rectangle that encloses the "inked" portion of the text
 * drawn at the origin (0,0) (as it would be drawn by cairo_show_text()
 * if the cairo graphics state were set to the same font_face,
 * font_matrix, ctm, and font_options as @scaled_font).  Additionally,
 * the x_advance and y_advance values indicate the amount by which the
 * current point would be advanced by cairo_show_text().
 *
 * Note that whitespace characters do not directly contribute to the
 * size of the rectangle (extents.width and extents.height). They do
 * contribute indirectly by changing the position of non-whitespace
 * characters. In particular, trailing whitespace characters are
 * likely to not affect the size of the rectangle, though they will
 * affect the x_advance and y_advance values.
 *
 * Since: 1.2
 **/
void
cairo_scaled_font_text_extents (cairo_scaled_font_t   *scaled_font,
                                const char            *utf8,
                                cairo_text_extents_t  *extents)
{
    cairo_status_t status;
    cairo_glyph_t *glyphs = NULL;
    int num_glyphs;

    if (scaled_font->status)
        goto ZERO_EXTENTS;

    if (utf8 == NULL)
        goto ZERO_EXTENTS;

    status = cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs (scaled_font, 0., 0.,
                                               utf8, -1,
                                               &glyphs, &num_glyphs,
                                               NULL, NULL,
                                               NULL);
    if (status) {
        status = _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);
        goto ZERO_EXTENTS;
    }

    cairo_scaled_font_glyph_extents (scaled_font, glyphs, num_glyphs, extents);
    free (glyphs);

    return;

ZERO_EXTENTS:
    extents->x_bearing = 0.0;
    extents->y_bearing = 0.0;
    extents->width  = 0.0;
    extents->height = 0.0;
    extents->x_advance = 0.0;
    extents->y_advance = 0.0;
}

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_glyph_extents:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @glyphs: an array of glyph IDs with X and Y offsets.
 * @num_glyphs: the number of glyphs in the @glyphs array
 * @extents: a #cairo_text_extents_t which to store the retrieved extents.
 *
 * Gets the extents for an array of glyphs. The extents describe a
 * user-space rectangle that encloses the "inked" portion of the
 * glyphs, (as they would be drawn by cairo_show_glyphs() if the cairo
 * graphics state were set to the same font_face, font_matrix, ctm,
 * and font_options as @scaled_font).  Additionally, the x_advance and
 * y_advance values indicate the amount by which the current point
 * would be advanced by cairo_show_glyphs().
 *
 * Note that whitespace glyphs do not contribute to the size of the
 * rectangle (extents.width and extents.height).
 **/
void
cairo_scaled_font_glyph_extents (cairo_scaled_font_t   *scaled_font,
                                 const cairo_glyph_t   *glyphs,
                                 int                    num_glyphs,
                                 cairo_text_extents_t  *extents)
{
    cairo_status_t status;
    int i;
    double min_x = 0.0, min_y = 0.0, max_x = 0.0, max_y = 0.0;
    cairo_bool_t visible = FALSE;
    cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph = NULL;

    extents->x_bearing = 0.0;
    extents->y_bearing = 0.0;
    extents->width  = 0.0;
    extents->height = 0.0;
    extents->x_advance = 0.0;
    extents->y_advance = 0.0;

    if (scaled_font->status)
        return;

    if (num_glyphs == 0)
        return;

    if (num_glyphs < 0) {
        _cairo_error_throw (CAIRO_STATUS_NEGATIVE_COUNT);
        /* XXX Can't propagate error */
        return;
    }

    if (glyphs == NULL) {
        _cairo_error_throw (CAIRO_STATUS_NULL_POINTER);
        /* XXX Can't propagate error */
        return;
    }

    _cairo_scaled_font_freeze_cache (scaled_font);

    for (i = 0; i < num_glyphs; i++) {
        double                  left, top, right, bottom;

        status = _cairo_scaled_glyph_lookup (scaled_font,
                                             glyphs[i].index,
                                             CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_METRICS,
                                             &scaled_glyph);
        if (status) {
            status = _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);
            goto UNLOCK;
        }

        /* "Ink" extents should skip "invisible" glyphs */
        if (scaled_glyph->metrics.width == 0 || scaled_glyph->metrics.height == 0)
            continue;

        left = scaled_glyph->metrics.x_bearing + glyphs[i].x;
        right = left + scaled_glyph->metrics.width;
        top = scaled_glyph->metrics.y_bearing + glyphs[i].y;
        bottom = top + scaled_glyph->metrics.height;

        if (!visible) {
            visible = TRUE;
            min_x = left;
            max_x = right;
            min_y = top;
            max_y = bottom;
        } else {
            if (left < min_x) min_x = left;
            if (right > max_x) max_x = right;
            if (top < min_y) min_y = top;
            if (bottom > max_y) max_y = bottom;
        }
    }

    if (visible) {
        extents->x_bearing = min_x - glyphs[0].x;
        extents->y_bearing = min_y - glyphs[0].y;
        extents->width = max_x - min_x;
        extents->height = max_y - min_y;
    } else {
        extents->x_bearing = 0.0;
        extents->y_bearing = 0.0;
        extents->width = 0.0;
        extents->height = 0.0;
    }

    if (num_glyphs) {
        double x0, y0, x1, y1;

        x0 = glyphs[0].x;
        y0 = glyphs[0].y;

        /* scaled_glyph contains the glyph for num_glyphs - 1 already. */
        x1 = glyphs[num_glyphs - 1].x + scaled_glyph->metrics.x_advance;
        y1 = glyphs[num_glyphs - 1].y + scaled_glyph->metrics.y_advance;

        extents->x_advance = x1 - x0;
        extents->y_advance = y1 - y0;
    } else {
        extents->x_advance = 0.0;
        extents->y_advance = 0.0;
    }

 UNLOCK:
    _cairo_scaled_font_thaw_cache (scaled_font);
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_glyph_extents);

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs:
 * @x: X position to place first glyph
 * @y: Y position to place first glyph
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @utf8: a string of text encoded in UTF-8
 * @utf8_len: length of @utf8 in bytes, or -1 if it is NUL-terminated
 * @glyphs: pointer to array of glyphs to fill
 * @num_glyphs: pointer to number of glyphs
 * @clusters: pointer to array of cluster mapping information to fill, or %NULL
 * @num_clusters: pointer to number of clusters, or %NULL
 * @cluster_flags: pointer to location to store cluster flags corresponding to the
 *                 output @clusters, or %NULL
 *
 * Converts UTF-8 text to an array of glyphs, optionally with cluster
 * mapping, that can be used to render later using @scaled_font.
 *
 * If @glyphs initially points to a non-%NULL value, that array is used
 * as a glyph buffer, and @num_glyphs should point to the number of glyph
 * entries available there.  If the provided glyph array is too short for
 * the conversion, a new glyph array is allocated using cairo_glyph_allocate()
 * and placed in @glyphs.  Upon return, @num_glyphs always contains the
 * number of generated glyphs.  If the value @glyphs points to has changed
 * after the call, the user is responsible for freeing the allocated glyph
 * array using cairo_glyph_free().  This may happen even if the provided
 * array was large enough.
 *
 * If @clusters is not %NULL, @num_clusters and @cluster_flags should not be %NULL,
 * and cluster mapping will be computed.
 * The semantics of how cluster array allocation works is similar to the glyph
 * array.  That is,
 * if @clusters initially points to a non-%NULL value, that array is used
 * as a cluster buffer, and @num_clusters should point to the number of cluster
 * entries available there.  If the provided cluster array is too short for
 * the conversion, a new cluster array is allocated using cairo_text_cluster_allocate()
 * and placed in @clusters.  Upon return, @num_clusters always contains the
 * number of generated clusters.  If the value @clusters points at has changed
 * after the call, the user is responsible for freeing the allocated cluster
 * array using cairo_text_cluster_free().  This may happen even if the provided
 * array was large enough.
 *
 * In the simplest case, @glyphs and @clusters can point to %NULL initially
 * and a suitable array will be allocated.  In code:
 * <informalexample><programlisting>
 * cairo_status_t status;
 *
 * cairo_glyph_t *glyphs = NULL;
 * int num_glyphs;
 * cairo_text_cluster_t *clusters = NULL;
 * int num_clusters;
 * cairo_text_cluster_flags_t cluster_flags;
 *
 * status = cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs (scaled_font,
 *                                            x, y,
 *                                            utf8, utf8_len,
 *                                            &amp;glyphs, &amp;num_glyphs,
 *                                            &amp;clusters, &amp;num_clusters, &amp;cluster_flags);
 *
 * if (status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
 *     cairo_show_text_glyphs (cr,
 *                             utf8, utf8_len,
 *                             *glyphs, *num_glyphs,
 *                             *clusters, *num_clusters, *cluster_flags);
 *
 *     cairo_glyph_free (*glyphs);
 *     cairo_text_cluster_free (*clusters);
 * }
 * </programlisting></informalexample>
 *
 * If no cluster mapping is needed:
 * <informalexample><programlisting>
 * cairo_status_t status;
 *
 * cairo_glyph_t *glyphs = NULL;
 * int num_glyphs;
 *
 * status = cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs (scaled_font,
 *                                            x, y,
 *                                            utf8, utf8_len,
 *                                            &amp;glyphs, &amp;num_glyphs,
 *                                            NULL, NULL,
 *                                            NULL);
 *
 * if (status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
 *     cairo_show_glyphs (cr, *glyphs, *num_glyphs);
 *     cairo_glyph_free (*glyphs);
 * }
 * </programlisting></informalexample>
 *
 * If stack-based glyph and cluster arrays are to be used for small
 * arrays:
 * <informalexample><programlisting>
 * cairo_status_t status;
 *
 * cairo_glyph_t stack_glyphs[40];
 * cairo_glyph_t *glyphs = stack_glyphs;
 * int num_glyphs = sizeof (stack_glyphs) / sizeof (stack_glyphs[0]);
 * cairo_text_cluster_t stack_clusters[40];
 * cairo_text_cluster_t *clusters = stack_clusters;
 * int num_clusters = sizeof (stack_clusters) / sizeof (stack_clusters[0]);
 * cairo_text_cluster_flags_t cluster_flags;
 *
 * status = cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs (scaled_font,
 *                                            x, y,
 *                                            utf8, utf8_len,
 *                                            &amp;glyphs, &amp;num_glyphs,
 *                                            &amp;clusters, &amp;num_clusters, &amp;cluster_flags);
 *
 * if (status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
 *     cairo_show_text_glyphs (cr,
 *                             utf8, utf8_len,
 *                             *glyphs, *num_glyphs,
 *                             *clusters, *num_clusters, *cluster_flags);
 *
 *     if (glyphs != stack_glyphs)
 *         cairo_glyph_free (*glyphs);
 *     if (clusters != stack_clusters)
 *         cairo_text_cluster_free (*clusters);
 * }
 * </programlisting></informalexample>
 *
 * For details of how @clusters, @num_clusters, and @cluster_flags map input
 * UTF-8 text to the output glyphs see cairo_show_text_glyphs().
 *
 * The output values can be readily passed to cairo_show_text_glyphs()
 * cairo_show_glyphs(), or related functions, assuming that the exact
 * same @scaled_font is used for the operation.
 *
 * Return value: %CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS upon success, or an error status
 * if the input values are wrong or if conversion failed.  If the input
 * values are correct but the conversion failed, the error status is also
 * set on @scaled_font.
 *
 * Since: 1.8
 **/
cairo_status_t
cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs (cairo_scaled_font_t   *scaled_font,
                                  double                 x,
                                  double                 y,
                                  const char            *utf8,
                                  int                    utf8_len,
                                  cairo_glyph_t        **glyphs,
                                  int                   *num_glyphs,
                                  cairo_text_cluster_t **clusters,
                                  int                   *num_clusters,
                                  cairo_text_cluster_flags_t *cluster_flags)
{
    int i;
    int num_chars = 0;
    const char *p;
    cairo_status_t status;
    cairo_glyph_t *orig_glyphs;
    cairo_text_cluster_t *orig_clusters;

    status = scaled_font->status;
    if (status)
        return status;

    /* A slew of sanity checks */

    /* glyphs and num_glyphs can't be NULL */
    if (glyphs     == NULL ||
        num_glyphs == NULL) {
        status = CAIRO_STATUS_NULL_POINTER;
        goto BAIL;
    }

    /* Special case for NULL and -1 */
    if (utf8 == NULL && utf8_len == -1)
        utf8_len = 0;

    /* No NULLs for non-NULLs! */
    if ((utf8_len && utf8          == NULL) ||
        (clusters && num_clusters  == NULL) ||
        (clusters && cluster_flags == NULL)) {
        status = CAIRO_STATUS_NULL_POINTER;
        goto BAIL;
    }

    /* A -1 for utf8_len means NUL-terminated */
    if (utf8_len == -1)
        utf8_len = strlen (utf8);

    /* A NULL *glyphs means no prealloced glyphs array */
    if (glyphs && *glyphs == NULL)
        *num_glyphs = 0;

    /* A NULL *clusters means no prealloced clusters array */
    if (clusters && *clusters == NULL)
        *num_clusters = 0;

    if (!clusters && num_clusters) {
        num_clusters = NULL;
    }

    if (cluster_flags) {
        *cluster_flags = FALSE;
    }

    if (!clusters && cluster_flags) {
        cluster_flags = NULL;
    }

    /* Apart from that, no negatives */
    if (utf8_len < 0 ||
        *num_glyphs < 0 ||
        (num_clusters && *num_clusters < 0)) {
        status = CAIRO_STATUS_NEGATIVE_COUNT;
        goto BAIL;
    }

    if (utf8_len == 0) {
        status = CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
        goto BAIL;
    }

    /* validate input so backend does not have to */
    status = _cairo_utf8_to_ucs4 (utf8, utf8_len, NULL, &num_chars);
    if (status)
        goto BAIL;

    _cairo_scaled_font_freeze_cache (scaled_font);

    orig_glyphs = *glyphs;
    orig_clusters = clusters ? *clusters : NULL;

    if (scaled_font->backend->text_to_glyphs) {

        status = scaled_font->backend->text_to_glyphs (scaled_font, x, y,
                                                       utf8, utf8_len,
                                                       glyphs, num_glyphs,
                                                       clusters, num_clusters,
                                                       cluster_flags);

        if (status != CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED) {

            if (status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) {

                /* The checks here are crude; we only should do them in
                 * user-font backend, but they don't hurt here.  This stuff
                 * can be hard to get right. */

                if (*num_glyphs < 0) {
                    status = CAIRO_STATUS_NEGATIVE_COUNT;
                    goto DONE;
                }
                if (num_glyphs && *glyphs == NULL) {
                    status = CAIRO_STATUS_NULL_POINTER;
                    goto DONE;
                }

                if (clusters) {

                    if (*num_clusters < 0) {
                        status = CAIRO_STATUS_NEGATIVE_COUNT;
                        goto DONE;
                    }
                    if (num_clusters && *clusters == NULL) {
                        status = CAIRO_STATUS_NULL_POINTER;
                        goto DONE;
                    }

                    /* Dont trust the backend, validate clusters! */
                    status = _cairo_validate_text_clusters (utf8, utf8_len,
                                                            *glyphs, *num_glyphs,
                                                            *clusters, *num_clusters,
                                                            *cluster_flags);
                }
            }

            goto DONE;
        }
    }

    if (*num_glyphs < num_chars) {
        *glyphs = cairo_glyph_allocate (num_chars);
        if (*glyphs == NULL) {
            status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
            goto DONE;
        }
    }
    *num_glyphs = num_chars;

    if (clusters) {
        if (*num_clusters < num_chars) {
            *clusters = cairo_text_cluster_allocate (num_chars);
            if (*clusters == NULL) {
                status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
                goto DONE;
            }
        }
        *num_clusters = num_chars;
    }

    p = utf8;
    for (i = 0; i < num_chars; i++) {
        int num_bytes;
        uint32_t unicode;
        cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph;

        num_bytes = _cairo_utf8_get_char_validated (p, &unicode);
        p += num_bytes;

        (*glyphs)[i].index = (*scaled_font->backend->ucs4_to_index) (scaled_font, unicode);
        (*glyphs)[i].x = x;
        (*glyphs)[i].y = y;

        if (clusters) {
            (*clusters)[i].num_bytes  = num_bytes;
            (*clusters)[i].num_glyphs = 1;
        }

        status = _cairo_scaled_glyph_lookup (scaled_font,
                                             (*glyphs)[i].index,
                                             CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_METRICS,
                                             &scaled_glyph);
        if (status) {
            goto DONE;
        }

        x += scaled_glyph->metrics.x_advance;
        y += scaled_glyph->metrics.y_advance;
    }

 DONE: /* error that should be logged on scaled_font happened */
    _cairo_scaled_font_thaw_cache (scaled_font);

    if (status) {
        *num_glyphs = 0;
        if (*glyphs != orig_glyphs) {
            cairo_glyph_free (*glyphs);
            *glyphs = orig_glyphs;
        }

        if (clusters) {
            *num_clusters = 0;
            if (*clusters != orig_clusters) {
                cairo_text_cluster_free (*clusters);
                *clusters = orig_clusters;
            }
        }
    }

    return _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);

 BAIL: /* error with input arguments */

    if (num_glyphs)
        *num_glyphs = 0;

    if (num_clusters)
        *num_clusters = 0;

    return status;
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs);

/*
 * Compute a device-space bounding box for the glyphs.
 */
cairo_status_t
_cairo_scaled_font_glyph_device_extents (cairo_scaled_font_t     *scaled_font,
                                         const cairo_glyph_t     *glyphs,
                                         int                      num_glyphs,
                                         cairo_rectangle_int_t   *extents)
{
    cairo_status_t status = CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
    int i;
    cairo_point_int_t min = { CAIRO_RECT_INT_MAX, CAIRO_RECT_INT_MAX };
    cairo_point_int_t max = { CAIRO_RECT_INT_MIN, CAIRO_RECT_INT_MIN };

    if (scaled_font->status)
        return scaled_font->status;

    _cairo_scaled_font_freeze_cache (scaled_font);

    for (i = 0; i < num_glyphs; i++) {
        cairo_scaled_glyph_t    *scaled_glyph;
        int                     left, top;
        int                     right, bottom;
        int                     x, y;

        status = _cairo_scaled_glyph_lookup (scaled_font,
                                             glyphs[i].index,
                                             CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_METRICS,
                                             &scaled_glyph);
        if (status)
            break;

        /* XXX glyph images are snapped to pixel locations */
        x = _cairo_lround (glyphs[i].x);
        y = _cairo_lround (glyphs[i].y);

        left   = x + _cairo_fixed_integer_floor(scaled_glyph->bbox.p1.x);
        top    = y + _cairo_fixed_integer_floor (scaled_glyph->bbox.p1.y);
        right  = x + _cairo_fixed_integer_ceil(scaled_glyph->bbox.p2.x);
        bottom = y + _cairo_fixed_integer_ceil (scaled_glyph->bbox.p2.y);

        if (left < min.x) min.x = left;
        if (right > max.x) max.x = right;
        if (top < min.y) min.y = top;
        if (bottom > max.y) max.y = bottom;
    }

    _cairo_scaled_font_thaw_cache (scaled_font);
    if (status)
        return _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);

    if (min.x < max.x && min.y < max.y) {
        extents->x = min.x;
        extents->width = max.x - min.x;
        extents->y = min.y;
        extents->height = max.y - min.y;
    } else {
        extents->x = extents->y = 0;
        extents->width = extents->height = 0;
    }

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

cairo_status_t
_cairo_scaled_font_show_glyphs (cairo_scaled_font_t    *scaled_font,
                                cairo_operator_t        op,
                                cairo_pattern_t        *pattern,
                                cairo_surface_t        *surface,
                                int                     source_x,
                                int                     source_y,
                                int                     dest_x,
                                int                     dest_y,
                                unsigned int            width,
                                unsigned int            height,
                                cairo_glyph_t          *glyphs,
                                int                     num_glyphs)
{
    cairo_status_t status;
    cairo_surface_t *mask = NULL;
    cairo_format_t mask_format = CAIRO_FORMAT_A1; /* shut gcc up */
    cairo_surface_pattern_t mask_pattern;
    cairo_solid_pattern_t white_pattern;
    int i;

    /* These operators aren't interpreted the same way by the backends;
     * they are implemented in terms of other operators in cairo-gstate.c
     */
    assert (op != CAIRO_OPERATOR_SOURCE && op != CAIRO_OPERATOR_CLEAR);

    if (scaled_font->status)
        return scaled_font->status;

    if (!num_glyphs)
        return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;

    if (scaled_font->backend->show_glyphs != NULL) {
        int remaining_glyphs = num_glyphs;
        status = scaled_font->backend->show_glyphs (scaled_font,
                                                    op, pattern,
                                                    surface,
                                                    source_x, source_y,
                                                    dest_x, dest_y,
                                                    width, height,
                                                    glyphs, num_glyphs, &remaining_glyphs);
        glyphs += num_glyphs - remaining_glyphs;
        num_glyphs = remaining_glyphs;
        if (remaining_glyphs == 0)
            status = CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
        if (status != CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED)
            return _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);
    }

    /* Font display routine either does not exist or failed. */

    _cairo_pattern_init_solid (&white_pattern, CAIRO_COLOR_WHITE, CAIRO_CONTENT_COLOR);

    _cairo_scaled_font_freeze_cache (scaled_font);

    for (i = 0; i < num_glyphs; i++) {
        int x, y;
        cairo_surface_pattern_t glyph_pattern;
        cairo_image_surface_t *glyph_surface;
        cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph;

        status = _cairo_scaled_glyph_lookup (scaled_font,
                                             glyphs[i].index,
                                             CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_SURFACE,
                                             &scaled_glyph);

        if (status)
            goto CLEANUP_MASK;

        glyph_surface = scaled_glyph->surface;

        /* To start, create the mask using the format from the first
         * glyph. Later we'll deal with different formats. */
        if (mask == NULL) {
            mask_format = glyph_surface->format;
            mask = cairo_image_surface_create (mask_format,
                                               width, height);
            if (mask->status) {
                status = mask->status;
                goto CLEANUP_MASK;
            }
        }

        /* If we have glyphs of different formats, we "upgrade" the mask
         * to the wider of the formats. */
        if (glyph_surface->format != mask_format &&
            _cairo_format_bits_per_pixel (mask_format) <
            _cairo_format_bits_per_pixel (glyph_surface->format) )
        {
            cairo_surface_t *new_mask;
            cairo_surface_pattern_t mask_pattern;

            switch (glyph_surface->format) {
            case CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32:
            case CAIRO_FORMAT_A8:
            case CAIRO_FORMAT_A1:
                mask_format = glyph_surface->format;
                break;
            case CAIRO_FORMAT_RGB24:
            default:
                ASSERT_NOT_REACHED;
                mask_format = CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32;
                break;
            }

            new_mask = cairo_image_surface_create (mask_format,
                                                   width, height);
            if (new_mask->status) {
                status = new_mask->status;
                cairo_surface_destroy (new_mask);
                goto CLEANUP_MASK;
            }

            _cairo_pattern_init_for_surface (&mask_pattern, mask);

            status = _cairo_surface_composite (CAIRO_OPERATOR_ADD,
                                               &white_pattern.base,
                                               &mask_pattern.base,
                                               new_mask,
                                               0, 0,
                                               0, 0,
                                               0, 0,
                                               width, height);

            _cairo_pattern_fini (&mask_pattern.base);

            if (status) {
                cairo_surface_destroy (new_mask);
                goto CLEANUP_MASK;
            }

            cairo_surface_destroy (mask);
            mask = new_mask;
        }

        /* round glyph locations to the nearest pixel */
        /* XXX: FRAGILE: We're ignoring device_transform scaling here. A bug? */
        x = _cairo_lround (glyphs[i].x - glyph_surface->base.device_transform.x0);
        y = _cairo_lround (glyphs[i].y - glyph_surface->base.device_transform.y0);

        _cairo_pattern_init_for_surface (&glyph_pattern, &glyph_surface->base);

        status = _cairo_surface_composite (CAIRO_OPERATOR_ADD,
                                           &white_pattern.base,
                                           &glyph_pattern.base,
                                           mask,
                                           0, 0,
                                           0, 0,
                                           x - dest_x, y - dest_y,
                                           glyph_surface->width,
                                           glyph_surface->height);

        _cairo_pattern_fini (&glyph_pattern.base);

        if (status)
            goto CLEANUP_MASK;
    }

    if (mask_format == CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32)
        pixman_image_set_component_alpha (((cairo_image_surface_t*) mask)->
                                          pixman_image, TRUE);
    _cairo_pattern_init_for_surface (&mask_pattern, mask);

    status = _cairo_surface_composite (op, pattern, &mask_pattern.base,
                                       surface,
                                       source_x, source_y,
                                       0,        0,
                                       dest_x,   dest_y,
                                       width,    height);

    _cairo_pattern_fini (&mask_pattern.base);

CLEANUP_MASK:
    _cairo_scaled_font_thaw_cache (scaled_font);

    _cairo_pattern_fini (&white_pattern.base);

    if (mask != NULL)
        cairo_surface_destroy (mask);
    return _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);
}

typedef struct _cairo_scaled_glyph_path_closure {
    cairo_point_t           offset;
    cairo_path_fixed_t      *path;
} cairo_scaled_glyph_path_closure_t;

static cairo_status_t
_scaled_glyph_path_move_to (void *abstract_closure, cairo_point_t *point)
{
    cairo_scaled_glyph_path_closure_t   *closure = abstract_closure;

    return _cairo_path_fixed_move_to (closure->path,
                                      point->x + closure->offset.x,
                                      point->y + closure->offset.y);
}

static cairo_status_t
_scaled_glyph_path_line_to (void *abstract_closure, cairo_point_t *point)
{
    cairo_scaled_glyph_path_closure_t   *closure = abstract_closure;

    return _cairo_path_fixed_line_to (closure->path,
                                      point->x + closure->offset.x,
                                      point->y + closure->offset.y);
}

static cairo_status_t
_scaled_glyph_path_curve_to (void *abstract_closure,
                             cairo_point_t *p0,
                             cairo_point_t *p1,
                             cairo_point_t *p2)
{
    cairo_scaled_glyph_path_closure_t   *closure = abstract_closure;

    return _cairo_path_fixed_curve_to (closure->path,
                                       p0->x + closure->offset.x,
                                       p0->y + closure->offset.y,
                                       p1->x + closure->offset.x,
                                       p1->y + closure->offset.y,
                                       p2->x + closure->offset.x,
                                       p2->y + closure->offset.y);
}

static cairo_status_t
_scaled_glyph_path_close_path (void *abstract_closure)
{
    cairo_scaled_glyph_path_closure_t   *closure = abstract_closure;

    return _cairo_path_fixed_close_path (closure->path);
}

/* Add a single-device-unit rectangle to a path. */
static cairo_status_t
_add_unit_rectangle_to_path (cairo_path_fixed_t *path, int x, int y)
{
    cairo_status_t status;

    status = _cairo_path_fixed_move_to (path,
                                        _cairo_fixed_from_int (x),
                                        _cairo_fixed_from_int (y));
    if (status)
        return status;

    status = _cairo_path_fixed_rel_line_to (path,
                                            _cairo_fixed_from_int (1),
                                            _cairo_fixed_from_int (0));
    if (status)
        return status;

    status = _cairo_path_fixed_rel_line_to (path,
                                            _cairo_fixed_from_int (0),
                                            _cairo_fixed_from_int (1));
    if (status)
        return status;

    status = _cairo_path_fixed_rel_line_to (path,
                                            _cairo_fixed_from_int (-1),
                                            _cairo_fixed_from_int (0));
    if (status)
        return status;

    status = _cairo_path_fixed_close_path (path);
    if (status)
        return status;

    return CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * _trace_mask_to_path:
 * @bitmap: An alpha mask (either %CAIRO_FORMAT_A1 or %CAIRO_FORMAT_A8)
 * @path: An initialized path to hold the result
 *
 * Given a mask surface, (an alpha image), fill out the provided path
 * so that when filled it would result in something that approximates
 * the mask.
 *
 * Note: The current tracing code here is extremely primitive. It
 * operates only on an A1 surface, (converting an A8 surface to A1 if
 * necessary), and performs the tracing by drawing a little square
 * around each pixel that is on in the mask. We do not pretend that
 * this is a high-quality result. But we are leaving it up to someone
 * who cares enough about getting a better result to implement
 * something more sophisticated.
 **/
static cairo_status_t
_trace_mask_to_path (cairo_image_surface_t *mask,
                     cairo_path_fixed_t *path)
{
    cairo_status_t status;
    cairo_image_surface_t *a1_mask;
    uint8_t *row, *byte_ptr, byte;
    int rows, cols, bytes_per_row;
    int x, y, bit;
    double xoff, yoff;

    if (mask->format == CAIRO_FORMAT_A1)
        a1_mask = (cairo_image_surface_t *) cairo_surface_reference (&mask->base);
    else
        a1_mask = _cairo_image_surface_clone (mask, CAIRO_FORMAT_A1);

    status = cairo_surface_status (&a1_mask->base);
    if (status) {
        cairo_surface_destroy (&a1_mask->base);
        return status;
    }

    cairo_surface_get_device_offset (&mask->base, &xoff, &yoff);

    bytes_per_row = (a1_mask->width + 7) / 8;
    for (y = 0, row = a1_mask->data, rows = a1_mask->height; rows; row += a1_mask->stride, rows--, y++) {
        for (x = 0, byte_ptr = row, cols = bytes_per_row; cols; byte_ptr++, cols--) {
            byte = CAIRO_BITSWAP8_IF_LITTLE_ENDIAN (*byte_ptr);
            for (bit = 7; bit >= 0 && x < a1_mask->width; bit--, x++) {
                if (byte & (1 << bit)) {
                    status = _add_unit_rectangle_to_path (path,
                                                          x - xoff, y - yoff);
                    if (status)
                        goto BAIL;
                }
            }
        }
    }

BAIL:
    cairo_surface_destroy (&a1_mask->base);

    return status;
}

cairo_status_t
_cairo_scaled_font_glyph_path (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font,
                               const cairo_glyph_t *glyphs,
                               int                  num_glyphs,
                               cairo_path_fixed_t  *path)
{
    cairo_status_t status;
    int i;
    cairo_scaled_glyph_path_closure_t closure;
    cairo_path_fixed_t *glyph_path;

    status = scaled_font->status;
    if (status)
        return status;

    closure.path = path;
    _cairo_scaled_font_freeze_cache (scaled_font);
    for (i = 0; i < num_glyphs; i++) {
        cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph;

        status = _cairo_scaled_glyph_lookup (scaled_font,
                                             glyphs[i].index,
                                             CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_PATH,
                                             &scaled_glyph);
        if (status == CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS)
            glyph_path = scaled_glyph->path;
        else if (status != CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED)
            goto BAIL;

        /* If the font is incapable of providing a path, then we'll
         * have to trace our own from a surface. */
        if (status == CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED) {
            status = _cairo_scaled_glyph_lookup (scaled_font,
                                                 glyphs[i].index,
                                                 CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_SURFACE,
                                                 &scaled_glyph);
            if (status)
                goto BAIL;

            glyph_path = _cairo_path_fixed_create ();
            if (glyph_path == NULL) {
                status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
                goto BAIL;
            }

            status = _trace_mask_to_path (scaled_glyph->surface, glyph_path);
            if (status) {
                _cairo_path_fixed_destroy (glyph_path);
                goto BAIL;
            }
        }

        closure.offset.x = _cairo_fixed_from_double (glyphs[i].x);
        closure.offset.y = _cairo_fixed_from_double (glyphs[i].y);

        status = _cairo_path_fixed_interpret (glyph_path,
                                              CAIRO_DIRECTION_FORWARD,
                                              _scaled_glyph_path_move_to,
                                              _scaled_glyph_path_line_to,
                                              _scaled_glyph_path_curve_to,
                                              _scaled_glyph_path_close_path,
                                              &closure);
        if (glyph_path != scaled_glyph->path)
            _cairo_path_fixed_destroy (glyph_path);

        if (status)
            goto BAIL;
    }
  BAIL:
    _cairo_scaled_font_thaw_cache (scaled_font);

    return _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);
}

/**
 * _cairo_scaled_glyph_set_metrics:
 * @scaled_glyph: a #cairo_scaled_glyph_t
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @fs_metrics: a #cairo_text_extents_t in font space
 *
 * _cairo_scaled_glyph_set_metrics() stores user space metrics
 * for the specified glyph given font space metrics. It is
 * called by the font backend when initializing a glyph with
 * %CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_METRICS.
 **/
void
_cairo_scaled_glyph_set_metrics (cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph,
                                 cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font,
                                 cairo_text_extents_t *fs_metrics)
{
    cairo_bool_t first = TRUE;
    double hm, wm;
    double min_user_x = 0.0, max_user_x = 0.0, min_user_y = 0.0, max_user_y = 0.0;
    double min_device_x = 0.0, max_device_x = 0.0, min_device_y = 0.0, max_device_y = 0.0;
    double device_x_advance, device_y_advance;

    for (hm = 0.0; hm <= 1.0; hm += 1.0)
        for (wm = 0.0; wm <= 1.0; wm += 1.0) {
            double x, y;

            /* Transform this corner to user space */
            x = fs_metrics->x_bearing + fs_metrics->width * wm;
            y = fs_metrics->y_bearing + fs_metrics->height * hm;
            cairo_matrix_transform_point (&scaled_font->font_matrix,
                                          &x, &y);
            if (first) {
                min_user_x = max_user_x = x;
                min_user_y = max_user_y = y;
            } else {
                if (x < min_user_x) min_user_x = x;
                if (x > max_user_x) max_user_x = x;
                if (y < min_user_y) min_user_y = y;
                if (y > max_user_y) max_user_y = y;
            }

            /* Transform this corner to device space from glyph origin */
            x = fs_metrics->x_bearing + fs_metrics->width * wm;
            y = fs_metrics->y_bearing + fs_metrics->height * hm;
            cairo_matrix_transform_distance (&scaled_font->scale,
                                             &x, &y);

            if (first) {
                min_device_x = max_device_x = x;
                min_device_y = max_device_y = y;
            } else {
                if (x < min_device_x) min_device_x = x;
                if (x > max_device_x) max_device_x = x;
                if (y < min_device_y) min_device_y = y;
                if (y > max_device_y) max_device_y = y;
            }
            first = FALSE;
        }
    scaled_glyph->metrics.x_bearing = min_user_x;
    scaled_glyph->metrics.y_bearing = min_user_y;
    scaled_glyph->metrics.width = max_user_x - min_user_x;
    scaled_glyph->metrics.height = max_user_y - min_user_y;

    scaled_glyph->metrics.x_advance = fs_metrics->x_advance;
    scaled_glyph->metrics.y_advance = fs_metrics->y_advance;
    cairo_matrix_transform_distance (&scaled_font->font_matrix,
                                     &scaled_glyph->metrics.x_advance,
                                     &scaled_glyph->metrics.y_advance);

    device_x_advance = fs_metrics->x_advance;
    device_y_advance = fs_metrics->y_advance;
    cairo_matrix_transform_distance (&scaled_font->scale,
                                     &device_x_advance,
                                     &device_y_advance);

    scaled_glyph->bbox.p1.x = _cairo_fixed_from_double (min_device_x);
    scaled_glyph->bbox.p1.y = _cairo_fixed_from_double (min_device_y);
    scaled_glyph->bbox.p2.x = _cairo_fixed_from_double (max_device_x);
    scaled_glyph->bbox.p2.y = _cairo_fixed_from_double (max_device_y);

    scaled_glyph->x_advance = _cairo_lround (device_x_advance);
    scaled_glyph->y_advance = _cairo_lround (device_y_advance);
}

void
_cairo_scaled_glyph_set_surface (cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph,
                                 cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font,
                                 cairo_image_surface_t *surface)
{
    if (scaled_glyph->surface != NULL)
        cairo_surface_destroy (&scaled_glyph->surface->base);
    scaled_glyph->surface = surface;
}

void
_cairo_scaled_glyph_set_path (cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph,
                              cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font,
                              cairo_path_fixed_t *path)
{
    if (scaled_glyph->path != NULL)
        _cairo_path_fixed_destroy (scaled_glyph->path);
    scaled_glyph->path = path;
}

void
_cairo_scaled_glyph_set_meta_surface (cairo_scaled_glyph_t *scaled_glyph,
                                      cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font,
                                      cairo_surface_t *meta_surface)
{
    if (scaled_glyph->meta_surface != NULL)
        cairo_surface_destroy (meta_surface);
    scaled_glyph->meta_surface = meta_surface;
}

/**
 * _cairo_scaled_glyph_lookup:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @index: the glyph to create
 * @info: a #cairo_scaled_glyph_info_t marking which portions of
 * the glyph should be filled in.
 * @scaled_glyph_ret: a #cairo_scaled_glyph_t where the glyph
 * is returned.
 *
 * If the desired info is not available, (for example, when trying to
 * get INFO_PATH with a bitmapped font), this function will return
 * %CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED.
 *
 * Note: This function must be called with the scaled font frozen, and it must
 * remain frozen for as long as the @scaled_glyph_ret is alive. (If the scaled
 * font was not frozen, then there is no guarantee that the glyph would not be
 * evicted before you tried to access it.) See
 * _cairo_scaled_font_freeze_cache() and _cairo_scaled_font_thaw_cache().
 *
 * Returns: a glyph with the requested portions filled in. Glyph
 * lookup is cached and glyph will be automatically freed along
 * with the scaled_font so no explicit free is required.
 * @info can be one or more of:
 *  %CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_METRICS - glyph metrics and bounding box
 *  %CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_SURFACE - surface holding glyph image
 *  %CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_PATH - path holding glyph outline in device space
 **/
cairo_int_status_t
_cairo_scaled_glyph_lookup (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font,
                            unsigned long index,
                            cairo_scaled_glyph_info_t info,
                            cairo_scaled_glyph_t **scaled_glyph_ret)
{
    cairo_status_t              status = CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS;
    cairo_cache_entry_t         key;
    cairo_scaled_glyph_t        *scaled_glyph;
    cairo_scaled_glyph_info_t   need_info;

    if (scaled_font->status)
        return scaled_font->status;

    assert (_cairo_scaled_font_is_frozen (scaled_font));

    key.hash = index;
    /*
     * Check cache for glyph
     */
    info |= CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_METRICS;
    if (!_cairo_cache_lookup (scaled_font->glyphs, &key,
                              (cairo_cache_entry_t **) &scaled_glyph))
    {
        /*
         * On miss, create glyph and insert into cache
         */
        scaled_glyph = malloc (sizeof (cairo_scaled_glyph_t));
        if (scaled_glyph == NULL) {
            status = _cairo_error (CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY);
            goto CLEANUP;
        }

        _cairo_scaled_glyph_set_index(scaled_glyph, index);
        scaled_glyph->cache_entry.size = 1;     /* We currently don't differentiate on glyph size at all */
        scaled_glyph->scaled_font = scaled_font;
        scaled_glyph->surface = NULL;
        scaled_glyph->path = NULL;
        scaled_glyph->meta_surface = NULL;
        scaled_glyph->surface_private = NULL;

        /* ask backend to initialize metrics and shape fields */
        status = (*scaled_font->backend->
                  scaled_glyph_init) (scaled_font, scaled_glyph, info);
        if (status) {
            _cairo_scaled_glyph_destroy (scaled_glyph);
            goto CLEANUP;
        }

        /* on success, the cache takes ownership of the scaled_glyph */
        status = _cairo_cache_insert (scaled_font->glyphs,
                                      &scaled_glyph->cache_entry);
        if (status) {
            _cairo_scaled_glyph_destroy (scaled_glyph);
            goto CLEANUP;
        }
    }
    /*
     * Check and see if the glyph, as provided,
     * already has the requested data and ammend it if not
     */
    need_info = 0;
    if ((info & CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_SURFACE) != 0 &&
        scaled_glyph->surface == NULL)
        need_info |= CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_SURFACE;

    if (((info & CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_PATH) != 0 &&
         scaled_glyph->path == NULL))
        need_info |= CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_PATH;

    if (((info & CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_META_SURFACE) != 0 &&
         scaled_glyph->meta_surface == NULL))
        need_info |= CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_META_SURFACE;

    if (need_info) {
        status = (*scaled_font->backend->
                  scaled_glyph_init) (scaled_font, scaled_glyph, need_info);
        if (status)
            goto CLEANUP;

        /* Don't trust the scaled_glyph_init() return value, the font
         * backend may not even know about some of the info.  For example,
         * no backend other than the user-fonts knows about meta-surface
         * glyph info. */

        if ((info & CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_SURFACE) != 0 &&
            scaled_glyph->surface == NULL) {
            status = CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED;
            goto CLEANUP;
        }

        if ((info & CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_PATH) != 0 &&
            scaled_glyph->path == NULL) {
            status = CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED;
            goto CLEANUP;
        }

        if ((info & CAIRO_SCALED_GLYPH_INFO_META_SURFACE) != 0 &&
            scaled_glyph->meta_surface == NULL) {
            status = CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED;
            goto CLEANUP;
        }
    }

  CLEANUP:
    if (status) {
        /* It's not an error for the backend to not support the info we want. */
        if (status != CAIRO_INT_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED)
            status = _cairo_scaled_font_set_error (scaled_font, status);
        *scaled_glyph_ret = NULL;
    } else {
        *scaled_glyph_ret = scaled_glyph;
    }

    return status;
}

double
_cairo_scaled_font_get_max_scale (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    return scaled_font->max_scale;
}


/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_font_face:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 *
 * Gets the font face that this scaled font was created for.
 *
 * Return value: The #cairo_font_face_t with which @scaled_font was
 * created.
 *
 * Since: 1.2
 **/
cairo_font_face_t *
cairo_scaled_font_get_font_face (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font)
{
    if (scaled_font->status)
        return (cairo_font_face_t*) &_cairo_font_face_nil;

    return scaled_font->font_face;
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_get_font_face);

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_font_matrix:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @font_matrix: return value for the matrix
 *
 * Stores the font matrix with which @scaled_font was created into
 * @matrix.
 *
 * Since: 1.2
 **/
void
cairo_scaled_font_get_font_matrix (cairo_scaled_font_t  *scaled_font,
                                   cairo_matrix_t       *font_matrix)
{
    if (scaled_font->status) {
        cairo_matrix_init_identity (font_matrix);
        return;
    }

    *font_matrix = scaled_font->font_matrix;
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_get_font_matrix);

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_ctm:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @ctm: return value for the CTM
 *
 * Stores the CTM with which @scaled_font was created into @ctm.
 *
 * Since: 1.2
 **/
void
cairo_scaled_font_get_ctm (cairo_scaled_font_t  *scaled_font,
                           cairo_matrix_t       *ctm)
{
    if (scaled_font->status) {
        cairo_matrix_init_identity (ctm);
        return;
    }

    *ctm = scaled_font->ctm;
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_get_ctm);

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_scale_matrix:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @scale_matrix: return value for the matrix
 *
 * Stores the scale matrix of @scaled_font into @matrix.
 * The scale matrix is product of the font matrix and the ctm
 * associated with the scaled font, and hence is the matrix mapping from
 * font space to device space.
 *
 * Since: 1.8
 **/
void
cairo_scaled_font_get_scale_matrix (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font,
                                    cairo_matrix_t      *scale_matrix)
{
    if (scaled_font->status) {
        cairo_matrix_init_identity (scale_matrix);
        return;
    }

    *scale_matrix = scaled_font->scale;
}

/**
 * cairo_scaled_font_get_font_options:
 * @scaled_font: a #cairo_scaled_font_t
 * @options: return value for the font options
 *
 * Stores the font options with which @scaled_font was created into
 * @options.
 *
 * Since: 1.2
 **/
void
cairo_scaled_font_get_font_options (cairo_scaled_font_t         *scaled_font,
                                    cairo_font_options_t        *options)
{
    if (cairo_font_options_status (options))
        return;

    if (scaled_font->status) {
        _cairo_font_options_init_default (options);
        return;
    }

    _cairo_font_options_init_copy (options, &scaled_font->options);
}
slim_hidden_def (cairo_scaled_font_get_font_options);