mpv_curses.c

   1 /*
   2
   3     Minimum Profit - Programmer Text Editor
   4
   5     Curses driver.
   6
   7     Copyright (C) 1991-2012 Angel Ortega <angel@triptico.com>
   8
   9     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  10     modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
  11     as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
  12     of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  13
  14     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  15     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  16     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  17     GNU General Public License for more details.
  18
  19     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  20     along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  21     Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
  22
  23     http://www.triptico.com
  24
  25 */
  26
  27 #include "config.h"
  28
  29 #ifdef CONFOPT_CURSES
  30
  31 #include <stdio.h>
  32 #include <wchar.h>
  33 #include <stdlib.h>
  34 #include <string.h>
  35 #include <signal.h>
  36 #include <fcntl.h>
  37 #include <unistd.h>
  38 #include <sys/stat.h>
  39 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  40
  41 #include <ncursesw/ncurses.h>
  42
  43 #include "mpdm.h"
  44 #include "mpsl.h"
  45
  46 #include "mp.h"
  47
  48 /** data **/
  49
  50 /* the curses attributes */
  51 int *nc_attrs = NULL;
  52
  53 /* code for the 'normal' attribute */
  54 static int normal_attr = 0;
  55
  56 /* current window */
  57 static WINDOW *cw = NULL;
  58
  59 /* stack of windows */
  60 static int n_stack = 0;
  61 static WINDOW **w_stack = NULL;
  62
  63 /* last attr set */
  64 static int last_attr = 0;
  65
  66 /* timer function */
  67 static int timer_msecs = 0;
  68 static mpdm_t timer_func = NULL;
  69
  70 /** code **/
  71
  72 static void set_attr(void)
  73 /* set the current and fill attributes */
  74 {
  75     wattrset(cw, nc_attrs[last_attr]);
  76     wbkgdset(cw, ' ' | nc_attrs[last_attr]);
  77 }
  78
  79
  80 #ifndef NCURSES_VERSION
  81
  82 static void nc_sigwinch(int s)
  83 /* SIGWINCH signal handler */
  84 {
  85     mpdm_t v;
  86
  87     /* invalidate main window */
  88     clearok(stdscr, 1);
  89     refresh();
  90
  91     /* re-set dimensions */
  92     v = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"window");
  93     mpdm_hset_s(v, L"tx", MPDM_I(COLS));
  94     mpdm_hset_s(v, L"ty", MPDM_I(LINES));
  95
  96     /* reattach */
  97     signal(SIGWINCH, nc_sigwinch);
  98 }
  99
 100 #endif
 101
 102
 103 #ifdef CONFOPT_WGET_WCH
 104 int wget_wch(WINDOW * w, wint_t * ch);
 105 #endif
 106
 107 static wchar_t *nc_getwch(void)
 108 /* gets a key as a wchar_t */
 109 {
 110     static wchar_t c[2];
 111
 112 #ifdef CONFOPT_WGET_WCH
 113
 114     /* set timer period */
 115     if (timer_msecs > 0)
 116         timeout(timer_msecs);
 117
 118     if (wget_wch(stdscr, (wint_t *) c) == -1)
 119         c[0] = (wchar_t) - 1;
 120
 121 #else
 122     char tmp[MB_CUR_MAX + 1];
 123     int cc, n = 0;
 124
 125     /* read one byte */
 126     cc = wgetch(cw);
 127     if (has_key(cc)) {
 128         c[0] = cc;
 129         return c;
 130     }
 131
 132     /* set to non-blocking */
 133     nodelay(cw, 1);
 134
 135     /* read all possible following characters */
 136     tmp[n++] = cc;
 137     while (n < sizeof(tmp) - 1 && (cc = getch()) != ERR)
 138         tmp[n++] = cc;
 139
 140     /* sets input as blocking */
 141     nodelay(cw, 0);
 142
 143     tmp[n] = '\0';
 144     mbstowcs(c, tmp, n);
 145 #endif
 146
 147     c[1] = '\0';
 148     return c;
 149 }
 150
 151
 152 #define ctrl(k) ((k) & 31)
 153
 154 static mpdm_t nc_getkey(mpdm_t args, mpdm_t ctxt)
 155 /* reads a key and converts to an action */
 156 {
 157     static int shift = 0;
 158     wchar_t *f = NULL;
 159     mpdm_t k = NULL;
 160
 161     /* any pending key? return it */
 162     if ((k = mp_pending_key()) != NULL)
 163         return k;
 164
 165     f = nc_getwch();
 166
 167     if (f[0] == -1) {
 168         mpdm_void(mpdm_exec(timer_func, NULL, NULL));
 169         return NULL;
 170     }
 171
 172     if (shift) {
 173         switch (f[0]) {
 174         case L'0':
 175             f = L"f10";
 176             break;
 177         case L'1':
 178             f = L"f1";
 179             break;
 180         case L'2':
 181             f = L"f2";
 182             break;
 183         case L'3':
 184             f = L"f3";
 185             break;
 186         case L'4':
 187             f = L"f4";
 188             break;
 189         case L'5':
 190             f = L"f5";
 191             break;
 192         case L'6':
 193             f = L"f6";
 194             break;
 195         case L'7':
 196             f = L"f7";
 197             break;
 198         case L'8':
 199             f = L"f8";
 200             break;
 201         case L'9':
 202             f = L"f9";
 203             break;
 204         case KEY_LEFT:
 205             f = L"alt-cursor-left";
 206             break;
 207         case KEY_RIGHT:
 208             f = L"alt-cursor-right";
 209             break;
 210         case KEY_DOWN:
 211             f = L"alt-cursor-down";
 212             break;
 213         case KEY_UP:
 214             f = L"alt-cursor-up";
 215             break;
 216         case KEY_END:
 217             f = L"alt-end";
 218             break;
 219         case KEY_HOME:
 220             f = L"alt-home";
 221             break;
 222         case L'\r':
 223             f = L"alt-enter";
 224             break;
 225         case L'\e':
 226             f = L"escape";
 227             break;
 228         case KEY_ENTER:
 229             f = L"alt-enter";
 230             break;
 231         case L' ':
 232             f = L"alt-space";
 233             break;
 234         case L'a':
 235             f = L"alt-a";
 236             break;
 237         case L'b':
 238             f = L"alt-b";
 239             break;
 240         case L'c':
 241             f = L"alt-c";
 242             break;
 243         case L'd':
 244             f = L"alt-d";
 245             break;
 246         case L'e':
 247             f = L"alt-e";
 248             break;
 249         case L'f':
 250             f = L"alt-f";
 251             break;
 252         case L'g':
 253             f = L"alt-g";
 254             break;
 255         case L'h':
 256             f = L"alt-h";
 257             break;
 258         case L'i':
 259             f = L"alt-i";
 260             break;
 261         case L'j':
 262             f = L"alt-j";
 263             break;
 264         case L'k':
 265             f = L"alt-k";
 266             break;
 267         case L'l':
 268             f = L"alt-l";
 269             break;
 270         case L'm':
 271             f = L"alt-m";
 272             break;
 273         case L'n':
 274             f = L"alt-n";
 275             break;
 276         case L'o':
 277             f = L"alt-o";
 278             break;
 279         case L'p':
 280             f = L"alt-p";
 281             break;
 282         case L'q':
 283             f = L"alt-q";
 284             break;
 285         case L'r':
 286             f = L"alt-r";
 287             break;
 288         case L's':
 289             f = L"alt-s";
 290             break;
 291         case L't':
 292             f = L"alt-t";
 293             break;
 294         case L'u':
 295             f = L"alt-u";
 296             break;
 297         case L'v':
 298             f = L"alt-v";
 299             break;
 300         case L'w':
 301             f = L"alt-w";
 302             break;
 303         case L'x':
 304             f = L"alt-x";
 305             break;
 306         case L'y':
 307             f = L"alt-y";
 308             break;
 309         case L'z':
 310             f = L"alt-z";
 311             break;
 312         case L'\'':
 313             f = L"alt-'";
 314             break;
 315         case L',':
 316             f = L"alt-,";
 317             break;
 318         case L'-':
 319             f = L"alt--";
 320             break;
 321         case L'.':
 322             f = L"alt-.";
 323             break;
 324         case L'/':
 325             f = L"alt-/";
 326             break;
 327         case L'=':
 328             f = L"alt-=";
 329             break;
 330         }
 331
 332         shift = 0;
 333     }
 334     else {
 335         switch (f[0]) {
 336         case KEY_LEFT:
 337             f = L"cursor-left";
 338             break;
 339         case KEY_RIGHT:
 340             f = L"cursor-right";
 341             break;
 342         case KEY_UP:
 343             f = L"cursor-up";
 344             break;
 345         case KEY_DOWN:
 346             f = L"cursor-down";
 347             break;
 348         case KEY_PPAGE:
 349             f = L"page-up";
 350             break;
 351         case KEY_NPAGE:
 352             f = L"page-down";
 353             break;
 354         case KEY_HOME:
 355             f = L"home";
 356             break;
 357         case KEY_END:
 358             f = L"end";
 359             break;
 360         case KEY_LL:
 361             f = L"end";
 362             break;
 363         case KEY_IC:
 364             f = L"insert";
 365             break;
 366         case KEY_DC:
 367             f = L"delete";
 368             break;
 369         case 0x7f:
 370         case KEY_BACKSPACE:
 371         case L'\b':
 372             f = L"backspace";
 373             break;
 374         case L'\r':
 375         case KEY_ENTER:
 376             f = L"enter";
 377             break;
 378         case L'\t':
 379             f = L"tab";
 380             break;
 381         case KEY_BTAB:
 382             f = L"shift-tab";
 383             break;
 384         case L' ':
 385             f = L"space";
 386             break;
 387         case KEY_F(1):
 388             f = L"f1";
 389             break;
 390         case KEY_F(2):
 391             f = L"f2";
 392             break;
 393         case KEY_F(3):
 394             f = L"f3";
 395             break;
 396         case KEY_F(4):
 397             f = L"f4";
 398             break;
 399         case KEY_F(5):
 400             f = L"f5";
 401             break;
 402         case KEY_F(6):
 403             f = L"f6";
 404             break;
 405         case KEY_F(7):
 406             f = L"f7";
 407             break;
 408         case KEY_F(8):
 409             f = L"f8";
 410             break;
 411         case KEY_F(9):
 412             f = L"f9";
 413             break;
 414         case KEY_F(10):
 415             f = L"f10";
 416             break;
 417         case ctrl(' '):
 418             f = L"ctrl-space";
 419             break;
 420         case ctrl('a'):
 421             f = L"ctrl-a";
 422             break;
 423         case ctrl('b'):
 424             f = L"ctrl-b";
 425             break;
 426         case ctrl('c'):
 427             f = L"ctrl-c";
 428             break;
 429         case ctrl('d'):
 430             f = L"ctrl-d";
 431             break;
 432         case ctrl('e'):
 433             f = L"ctrl-e";
 434             break;
 435         case ctrl('f'):
 436             f = L"ctrl-f";
 437             break;
 438         case ctrl('g'):
 439             f = L"ctrl-g";
 440             break;
 441         case ctrl('j'):
 442             f = L"ctrl-j";
 443             break;
 444         case ctrl('k'):
 445             f = L"ctrl-k";
 446             break;
 447         case ctrl('l'):
 448             f = L"ctrl-l";
 449             break;
 450         case ctrl('n'):
 451             f = L"ctrl-n";
 452             break;
 453         case ctrl('o'):
 454             f = L"ctrl-o";
 455             break;
 456         case ctrl('p'):
 457             f = L"ctrl-p";
 458             break;
 459         case ctrl('q'):
 460             f = L"ctrl-q";
 461             break;
 462         case ctrl('r'):
 463             f = L"ctrl-r";
 464             break;
 465         case ctrl('s'):
 466             f = L"ctrl-s";
 467             break;
 468         case ctrl('t'):
 469             f = L"ctrl-t";
 470             break;
 471         case ctrl('u'):
 472             f = L"ctrl-u";
 473             break;
 474         case ctrl('v'):
 475             f = L"ctrl-v";
 476             break;
 477         case ctrl('w'):
 478             f = L"ctrl-w";
 479             break;
 480         case ctrl('x'):
 481             f = L"ctrl-x";
 482             break;
 483         case ctrl('y'):
 484             f = L"ctrl-y";
 485             break;
 486         case ctrl('z'):
 487             f = L"ctrl-z";
 488             break;
 489         case KEY_RESIZE:
 490
 491             /* handle ncurses resizing */
 492             f = NULL;
 493             {
 494                 mpdm_t v = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"window");
 495                 mpdm_hset_s(v, L"tx", MPDM_I(COLS));
 496                 mpdm_hset_s(v, L"ty", MPDM_I(LINES));
 497             }
 498
 499             break;
 500         case L'\e':
 501             shift = 1;
 502             f = NULL;
 503             break;
 504         }
 505     }
 506
 507     if (f != NULL) {
 508         mpdm_t t;
 509
 510         k = mpdm_ref(MPDM_S(f));
 511
 512         if ((t = mp_process_keyseq(k)) != k) {
 513             mpdm_unref(k);
 514             k = t;
 515         }
 516         else
 517             mpdm_unrefnd(t);
 518     }
 519
 520     return k;
 521 }
 522
 523
 524 static mpdm_t nc_addwstr(mpdm_t str)
 525 /* draws a string */
 526 {
 527     wchar_t *wptr = mpdm_string(str);
 528
 529 #ifndef CONFOPT_ADDWSTR
 530     char *cptr;
 531
 532     cptr = mpdm_wcstombs(wptr, NULL);
 533     waddstr(cw, cptr);
 534     free(cptr);
 535
 536 #else
 537     waddwstr(cw, wptr);
 538 #endif                          /* CONFOPT_ADDWSTR */
 539
 540     return NULL;
 541 }
 542
 543
 544 static mpdm_t nc_doc_draw(mpdm_t args, mpdm_t ctxt)
 545 /* draws the document part */
 546 {
 547     mpdm_t d;
 548     int n, m;
 549
 550     werase(cw);
 551
 552     d = mpdm_aget(args, 0);
 553     d = mpdm_ref(mp_draw(d, 0));
 554
 555     for (n = 0; n < mpdm_size(d); n++) {
 556         mpdm_t l = mpdm_aget(d, n);
 557
 558         wmove(cw, n, 0);
 559
 560         for (m = 0; m < mpdm_size(l); m++) {
 561             int attr;
 562             mpdm_t s;
 563
 564             /* get the attribute and the string */
 565             attr = mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(l, m++));
 566             s = mpdm_aget(l, m);
 567
 568             wattrset(cw, nc_attrs[attr]);
 569             nc_addwstr(s);
 570         }
 571     }
 572
 573     mpdm_unref(d);
 574
 575     return NULL;
 576 }
 577
 578
 579 static void build_colors(void)
 580 /* builds the colors */
 581 {
 582     mpdm_t colors;
 583     mpdm_t color_names;
 584     mpdm_t l;
 585     mpdm_t c;
 586     int n, s;
 587
 588 #ifdef CONFOPT_TRANSPARENCY
 589     use_default_colors();
 590
 591 #define DEFAULT_INK -1
 592 #define DEFAULT_PAPER -1
 593
 594 #else                           /* CONFOPT_TRANSPARENCY */
 595
 596 #define DEFAULT_INK COLOR_BLACK
 597 #define DEFAULT_PAPER COLOR_WHITE
 598
 599 #endif
 600
 601     /* gets the color definitions and attribute names */
 602     colors = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"colors");
 603     color_names = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"color_names");
 604     l = mpdm_ref(mpdm_keys(colors));
 605     s = mpdm_size(l);
 606
 607     /* redim the structures */
 608     nc_attrs = realloc(nc_attrs, sizeof(int) * s);
 609
 610     /* loop the colors */
 611     for (n = 0; n < s && (c = mpdm_aget(l, n)) != NULL; n++) {
 612         mpdm_t d = mpdm_hget(colors, c);
 613         mpdm_t v = mpdm_hget_s(d, L"text");
 614         int cp, c0, c1;
 615
 616         /* store the 'normal' attribute */
 617         if (wcscmp(mpdm_string(c), L"normal") == 0)
 618             normal_attr = n;
 619
 620         /* store the attr */
 621         mpdm_hset_s(d, L"attr", MPDM_I(n));
 622
 623         /* get color indexes */
 624         if ((c0 = mpdm_seek(color_names, mpdm_aget(v, 0), 1)) == -1 ||
 625             (c1 = mpdm_seek(color_names, mpdm_aget(v, 1), 1)) == -1)
 626             continue;
 627
 628         init_pair(n + 1, c0 - 1, c1 - 1);
 629         cp = COLOR_PAIR(n + 1);
 630
 631         /* flags */
 632         v = mpdm_hget_s(d, L"flags");
 633         if (mpdm_seek_s(v, L"reverse", 1) != -1)
 634             cp |= A_REVERSE;
 635         if (mpdm_seek_s(v, L"bright", 1) != -1)
 636             cp |= A_BOLD;
 637         if (mpdm_seek_s(v, L"underline", 1) != -1)
 638             cp |= A_UNDERLINE;
 639
 640         nc_attrs[n] = cp;
 641     }
 642
 643     /* set the background filler */
 644     wbkgdset(cw, ' ' | nc_attrs[normal_attr]);
 645
 646     mpdm_unref(l);
 647 }
 648
 649
 650 /** driver functions **/
 651
 652 static mpdm_t ncursesw_drv_timer(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 653 {
 654     mpdm_t func = mpdm_aget(a, 1);
 655
 656     timer_msecs = mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 0));
 657
 658     mpdm_ref(func);
 659     mpdm_unref(timer_func);
 660     timer_func = func;
 661
 662     return NULL;
 663 }
 664
 665
 666 static mpdm_t ncursesw_drv_shutdown(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 667 {
 668     mpdm_t v;
 669
 670     endwin();
 671
 672     if ((v = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"exit_message")) != NULL) {
 673         mpdm_write_wcs(stdout, mpdm_string(v));
 674         printf("\n");
 675     }
 676
 677     return NULL;
 678 }
 679
 680
 681 /** TUI **/
 682
 683 static mpdm_t tui_addstr(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 684 /* TUI: add a string */
 685 {
 686     return nc_addwstr(mpdm_aget(a, 0));
 687 }
 688
 689
 690 static mpdm_t tui_move(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 691 /* TUI: move to a screen position */
 692 {
 693     /* curses' move() use y, x */
 694     wmove(cw, mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 1)), mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 0)));
 695
 696     /* if third argument is not NULL, clear line */
 697     if (mpdm_aget(a, 2) != NULL)
 698         wclrtoeol(cw);
 699
 700     return NULL;
 701 }
 702
 703
 704 static mpdm_t tui_attr(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 705 /* TUI: set attribute for next string */
 706 {
 707     last_attr = mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 0));
 708
 709     set_attr();
 710
 711     return NULL;
 712 }
 713
 714
 715 static mpdm_t tui_refresh(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 716 /* TUI: refresh the screen */
 717 {
 718     wrefresh(cw);
 719     return NULL;
 720 }
 721
 722
 723 static mpdm_t tui_getxy(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 724 /* TUI: returns the x and y cursor position */
 725 {
 726     mpdm_t v;
 727     int x, y;
 728
 729     getyx(cw, y, x);
 730
 731     v = MPDM_A(2);
 732     mpdm_ref(v);
 733
 734     mpdm_aset(v, MPDM_I(x), 0);
 735     mpdm_aset(v, MPDM_I(y), 1);
 736
 737     mpdm_unrefnd(v);
 738
 739     return v;
 740 }
 741
 742
 743 static mpdm_t tui_openpanel(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 744 /* opens a panel (creates new window) */
 745 {
 746     n_stack++;
 747     w_stack = realloc(w_stack, n_stack * sizeof(WINDOW *));
 748     cw = w_stack[n_stack - 1] = newwin(mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 3)),
 749                                        mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 2)),
 750                                        mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 1)),
 751                                        mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 0)));
 752
 753     set_attr();
 754     wclrtobot(cw);
 755     box(cw, 0, 0);
 756
 757     return NULL;
 758 }
 759
 760
 761 static mpdm_t tui_closepanel(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 762 /* closes a panel (deletes last window) */
 763 {
 764     n_stack--;
 765     delwin(w_stack[n_stack]);
 766
 767     w_stack = realloc(w_stack, n_stack * sizeof(WINDOW *));
 768     cw = n_stack == 0 ? stdscr : w_stack[n_stack - 1];
 769
 770     touchwin(cw);
 771     wrefresh(cw);
 772
 773     return NULL;
 774 }
 775
 776
 777 static void register_functions(void)
 778 {
 779     mpdm_t drv;
 780     mpdm_t tui;
 781
 782     drv = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"drv");
 783     mpdm_hset_s(drv, L"timer", MPDM_X(ncursesw_drv_timer));
 784     mpdm_hset_s(drv, L"shutdown", MPDM_X(ncursesw_drv_shutdown));
 785
 786     tui = mpsl_eval(MPDM_LS(L"load('mp_tui.mpsl');"), NULL, NULL);
 787
 788     /* FIXME: if tui failed, a fatal error must be shown */
 789
 790 /*      if((e = mpdm_hget_s(mpdm_root(), L"ERROR")) != NULL)
 791         {
 792                 mpdm_write_wcs(stdout, mpdm_string(e));
 793                 printf("\n");
 794
 795                 return(0);
 796         }*/
 797
 798     /* execute tui */
 799     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"getkey",     MPDM_X(nc_getkey));
 800     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"addstr",     MPDM_X(tui_addstr));
 801     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"move",       MPDM_X(tui_move));
 802     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"attr",       MPDM_X(tui_attr));
 803     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"refresh",    MPDM_X(tui_refresh));
 804     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"getxy",      MPDM_X(tui_getxy));
 805     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"openpanel",  MPDM_X(tui_openpanel));
 806     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"closepanel", MPDM_X(tui_closepanel));
 807     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"doc_draw",   MPDM_X(nc_doc_draw));
 808 }
 809
 810
 811 static mpdm_t ncursesw_drv_startup(mpdm_t a)
 812 {
 813     mpdm_t v;
 814
 815     register_functions();
 816
 817     initscr();
 818     start_color();
 819     keypad(stdscr, TRUE);
 820     nonl();
 821     raw();
 822     noecho();
 823
 824     build_colors();
 825
 826     v = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"window");
 827     mpdm_hset_s(v, L"tx", MPDM_I(COLS));
 828     mpdm_hset_s(v, L"ty", MPDM_I(LINES));
 829
 830 #ifndef NCURSES_VERSION
 831     signal(SIGWINCH, nc_sigwinch);
 832 #endif
 833
 834     cw = stdscr;
 835
 836     return NULL;
 837 }
 838
 839
 840 int ncursesw_drv_detect(int *argc, char ***argv)
 841 {
 842     mpdm_t drv;
 843
 844     drv = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"drv");
 845     mpdm_hset_s(drv, L"id", MPDM_LS(L"curses"));
 846     mpdm_hset_s(drv, L"startup", MPDM_X(ncursesw_drv_startup));
 847
 848     return 1;
 849 }
 850
 851 #endif                          /* CONFOPT_CURSES */